Wool is a textile fiber obtained from sheep and other animals like goats, camels, and rabbits. It is distinguished from hair or fur by being crimped, elastic, and growing in clusters. The document then discusses the life cycle of silk moths, from egg to adult moth over 6-8 weeks, including the caterpillar, cocoon, and pupa stages. It also provides background on the long history of silk production in China and other countries and their silk production quantities.

2. FIBRE TO
FABRIC

3. TYPES OF
YARNS
Silk
Polyester
Nylon
Wool

4. Wool is
the textile fiber obtained
from sheep and certain
other animals including
cashmere from goats,
mohair from goats,
alpaca, camel from
animals in the camel
family,
and angora from rabbits.
Wool has several qualities
that distinguish it from hair or
fur: it is crimped, it is elastic,
and it grows
in staples (clusters). In the
U.S. the term wool is usually
restricted to describing the
fibrous protein derived from
the specialized skin cells
called follicles in sheep,
although in the U.K. it may
be used of any long curling
fiber such as wood wool, wire
wool etc.

5. SOME ANIMALS WHICH GIVES WOOL

7. BACKGROUND
oThe history of silk production in china dates back to more
than 5,000 years by today, silk moths are commercially for
their cocoons in China, Japan, India and Europe.
oHobbyists all over the world practice sericulture, or
silkworm rearing, as well different species of silk moths
produce threads with different characteristics of color and
texture.
o According to the silk road foundation, some species such as
the Chinese silkworm, mori, are entirely domesticated and no
longer found in the wild.

8. LARVAE
Silkworms pass through five stages during
the larval phase of their lives. These stages
are called "instars." The newly hatched
larvae are silkworm caterpillars in the first
instar. They are very tiny. The Japanese call
them "kego," which means "hairy baby."
They can be fed either commercially
prepared food or fresh leaves.

9. PUPAE
Finally, the larva begins to spin a
cocoon around itself. The cocoon
will be about one inch long. The silk
thread is wound in one continuous
line about 3,000 feet long when it is
later unwound from the cocoon. The
silk moth changes from caterpillar to
moth in about two weeks. If allowed
to hatch out of the cocoon, the
continuous thread will be destroyed.
Commercial sericulture involves
killing the pupae inside by baking the
cocoons.

10. Silk moths. the life cycle of the silk moth has
several stages from egg to adult moth over a
period of about six to eight weeks. the egg
hatches into a caterpillar that sheds its skin
several times before enclosing itself in a cocoon
made of silk filament. inside the cocoon, it
transforms from caterpillar to moth, a process
known as metamorphosis.

12. COUNTRY Production ( 1000 kg)
Peoples Republic of China 290,003
India 77000
Uzbekistan 17000
Brazil 11000
Iran 6000
Thailand 5000
Vietnam 3000
Democratic Peoples Republic of Korea 1500
Romania 1000
Japan 600

16. History
 Nylon is the first synthetic fiber manufactured by
man. Nylon is known for its high strength, elasticity,
and resistance to oil and grease.
Nylon threads are used to produce fabrics, fishing
lines and surgical threads. The first production of
nylon was in the late 1930s by the DuPont Co. using
chemicals extracted from coal, water, petroleum,
natural gas and agricultural byproducts.
The process of making nylon thread consists of two
stages called chemical combination (polymerization)
and the manufacturing process (open polymerization).

17. Chemical Process-Polymerization
Stage one in nylon thread production is the chemical
process called polymerization. In this stage, nylon-producing
chemicals are combined and heated at
extremely high temperatures.
This heating process removes water and induces
polymerization when the small molecules combine to
form large molecules. A molten nylon substance is formed
and ready to move to the manufacturing process.

18. WHAT ARE THE USES OF NYLON?
 Nylon is a high strength fibre. It is used for making fishing nets,
ropes, parachutes and type cords.
 It is used for making fabrics in textile industry.
 Crinkled nylon fibres are used for making elastic hosiery.
 It is used for making fabrics in textile industry.
 It is blended with wool to increase the strength.

20.  Polyester is a category of polymers which
contain the ester function group in their main
chain. Although there are many polyesters' the
term ‘polyester’ as a specific material not
commonly refers to polyethylene
terephthalate. Polyester include naturally
occurring chemically such as in the cutin of
plant cuticles' as well as synthetics through
step growth polymerization such as
polycarbonate and polybutyrate.

21.  Polyester are used to make bottles, films,
tarpaulin, canoes, liquid crystal displays,
hologram, filters, film insulation tapes.
 Polyesters are widely used as finish on
high quality wood products such as
guitars, pianos and vehicle interiors.
Thyrotrophic properties of spray
applicable polyesters make them ideal for
used on open-grain timbers, as they can
quickly fill wood grain, with a high-build
film thickness per coat.

22. PLYESTER CLOTHING