Superconductors are materials that conduct electricity with zero resistance below a certain temperature. They have many applications including maglev trains, which use superconducting magnets to both propel the train and keep it levitated on the guideway. In medicine, superconductors are used for magnetic resonance imaging, biomagnetic measurements, SQUID magnetometers, and other applications. They are also used in electric power grids and generators where their high efficiency can save costs, though transmitting power over long distances with superconductors remains impractical due to cooling requirements.
2. What is a Superconductors ?
An element, inter-metallic alloy, or compound that will
conduct electricity without resistance below a certain
temperature, magnetic field, and applied current.
Definition of Superconductor:
3. A superconductor is a very pure metal, an alloy or a
compound that allows electricity to be transmitted with
minimal losses.
A higher current flow may occur with lower energy losses
than common conductors.
Many elements can be coaxed into a superconductive
state with the application of high pressure.
What isa Superconductor?
5. 'MagLev' trains have been under development in Japan for the past 2
decades
Superconducting magnets are used create a strong magnetic force to propel the
vehicle. But they offer more than just propulsion—they also levitate the vehicles and
guide them within the bounds of the guideway.
The system takes advantage of the naturally stabilizing effect provided by
electromagnet induction. No controlling devices whatsoever are needed to keep
the train on its guideway, and there is no risk of the train ‘derailing.’ The magnetic
levitation force is ideal for supporting a train at very high speeds.
IN “MagLev”
6. Magnetic rezonance tomography
Biomagnetic measurements
SQUID magnetometer
Magnetoencephalanography (MEG
systems)
Magnetocardiography (MCG device)
Magnetoneurography
Gastroenterology
Magnetopneumography
Liver iron suspectometry
In medical
7. Electric generatorsmade withsuperconducting wireare farmoreefficient
thanconventional generators woundwithcopper wire.
Their efficiency is above 99%and their size about half that of
conventional generators.
They make lucrative ventures for power utilities.
Recently, powerutilitieshave begun tousesuperconductor-based
transformersand "fault limiters".
Superconducting fault limiters can respond within a few
milli-seconds to limit thousands of amperes of current –such
as after a lightning strike.
An idealized application forsuperconductors istoemploy themin
thetransmissionof commercial powerto cities.
BUT, due to the high cost and impracticality of cooling miles of
superconducting wire to cryogenic temperatures, this has only
happened with short "test runs".
Superconducting material takes up less space.
In one instance 250 pounds of superconducting wire replaced
18,000 pounds of vintage copper cable, making it over 7000%more space-
efficient.
