There are 22 slides.Contents are (1)What is Maglev? (2)Magnetic Levigation. (3)Basic Principle of Maglev Trains. (4)Types of Maglev Trains. (5)EMS(Electromagnetic Suspension). (6)ESD(Electrodynamic Suspension). (7)Inductrack. (8)Conclusion.

1. MAGLEV

2. Maglev (derived from magnetic levitation) is a method
of transportation that uses magnetic levitation to carry
vehicles with magnets rather than with wheels, axles,
bearings. With maglev, a vehicle is levitated a short
distance away from a guide way using magnets to
create both lift and propulsion.
WHAT IS MAGLEV?

3. MAGNETIC LEVITATION
Magnetic levitation or magnetic
suspension is a method by which an object
is suspended(raise or float) with no support
other than magnetic fields. Magnetic force is
used to counteract the effects of
the gravitational and any other accelerations.

4. Magnetic levitation is basically based on
two simple and fundamental laws of
electromagnetic.
• FARADAY’S LAW
• LENZ’S LAW

5. FARADAY’S LAW:
Faraday's law describes how an electric field can be induced
by a changing magnetic flux, or in other words it describes
about the induction of electric current.
It states that: "The emf (electromotive force) induced in a
circuit is directly proportional to the rate of change of magnetic
flux through the circuit."
 εis the electromotive force (EMF) in volts ΦB is the magnetic flux through
the circuit (in Webers).

6. LENZ’S LAW:
LENZ’S law describes about the direction of current being
induced by magnetic field as described in Faraday’s law.
It states that: “Induced electromotive force
generates a current, which flows in such direction as
to induce a counter magnetic field that opposes the
magnetic field generating the current”.

7. Application of Lenz law in magnetic levitation
If a change in the magnetic field of current i1 induces
another electric current i2, the direction of i2 is opposite that of the
change in i1. If these currents are in two coaxial circular
conductors ℓ1 and ℓ2 respectively, and both are initially 0, then the
currents i1 and i2 must counter-rotate. The opposing currents will
repel each other as a result.

8. Example of magnetic levitation using LENZ’S law
Currents bound inside the atoms of strong magnets can create
counter-rotating currents in a copper or aluminium pipe. This is
shown by dropping the magnet through the pipe. The descent of
the magnet inside the pipe is observably slower than when
dropped outside the pipe.

9. BASIC PRINCIPLE OF MAGLEV TRAINS
Maglev trains have to perform the following functions
to operate in high speeds
1.Levitation 2.Propulsion 3.Lateral
Guidance

10. TYPES OF MAGLEV TRAINS
Based on the techniques used for
Levitation there are two types of
Maglev trains
1. Electro magnetic Suspension -
Attractive
2. Electro dynamic Suspension -
repulsive

11. EMS (ELECTROMAGNETIC SUSPENSION)
ELECTROMAGNETIC SUSPENSION
USES ELECTROMAGNETS TO LEVITATE
THE TRAIN.

12. 2.PRINCIPLE OF PROPULSION IN MAGLEV
The propulsion coils located on the sidewalls on both
sides of the guideway are energized by a three-phase
alternating current from a substation, creating a shifting
magnetic field on the guideway

13. The polarity of the stators at the track will quickly change its
polarity continuously to move the Maglev train. Stators at the
sides are excited sequentially. Speed controlled by frequency of
alternating current.

14. The main difference between EDS maglev train and
EMS maglev train propulsion is that EDS maglev train
use super-cooled, superconducting electromagnets. In
the EMS system, which uses standard
electromagnets.
►A superconducting magnet is an electromagnet made from coils
superconducting wire.

15. EDS (ELECTRODYNAMIC
SUSPENSION):Electrodynamic Suspension uses
Superconductors for levitation,propulsion and
lateral guidance

16. 1.LEVITATON PRINCIPLE IN EDS SYSTEM:
IN EDS SYSTEM “LEVITATION BY REPULSION” may takes
place.
The current in the top circuit travels in the opposite direction of the
current in the bottom; resulting in an repulsion between the two
coils

17. •When one side of the train nears the side of the guideway, the
super conducting magnet on the train induces a repulsive force
from the levitation coils on the side closer to the train and an
attractive force from the coils on the farther side.
•This keeps the train in the center.
3.PRINCIPLE OF LATERAL GUIDENCE

18. The Inductrack is a newer type of EDS that uses
permanent room-temperature magnets .
There are two Inductrack designs:
Inductrack I and
Inductrack II.
Inductrack I is designed for high speeds, while
Inductrack II is suited for slow speeds.
If the power fails, the train can slow down
gradually and stop on its auxillary wheels.
INDUCTRACK:

19. OTHER APPLICATIONS
 NASA plans to use magnetic levitation for
launching of space vehicles into low earth
orbit.
 Boeing is pursuing research in MagLev to
provide a Hypersonic Ground Test Facility for
the Air Force.
 The mining industry will also benefit from
MagLev.
 There are probably many more undiscovered
applications!

20.  Magnetic levitation by LENZ’S law

21. CONCLUSION
 Maglev trains use magnets to levitate and propel
the trains forward.
 Since there is no friction these trains can reach
high speeds.

22. Thank you