Sugarcane is mainly grown in Sindh and Punjab provinces of Pakistan. Sugar mills need to be located near sugarcane fields because sugarcane starts losing its sugar content after harvesting and must be crushed immediately. It is also bulky and heavy to transport far. Problems include sugar mills operating below capacity due to high sugarcane prices set by middlemen, and a short 160-day milling season which causes intermittent operations and losses. Solutions proposed include making all mills public companies, banning government protection or subsidies, and directly paying farmers to reduce middlemen prices.
A Study on Sugar Industry at Chamundeshwari SugarProjects Kart
The discovery of sugarcane from which sugar was produced had been known since thousands of years. It is thought to have originated in New Guinea, and was spread along routes to Southeast Asia and India. The process known for creation of sugar, by pressing out the juice and then boiling it into crystals, was developed in India around 500 BC.
Its cultivation was not introduced into Europe until the middle-ages, when it was brought to Spain by Arabs to thrive in a most favorable climate.
A Study on Sugar Industry at Chamundeshwari SugarProjects Kart
The discovery of sugarcane from which sugar was produced had been known since thousands of years. It is thought to have originated in New Guinea, and was spread along routes to Southeast Asia and India. The process known for creation of sugar, by pressing out the juice and then boiling it into crystals, was developed in India around 500 BC.
Its cultivation was not introduced into Europe until the middle-ages, when it was brought to Spain by Arabs to thrive in a most favorable climate.
The sugar industry occupies a major portion in the (organization) industries of India. The sugar industries have rank second next to cotton and textile industries. The sugar industry started since 1830. China is the first producer of sugar in the world. It provides highest direct employment opportunities.
The sugar industry is one of the important Ago-based industry of the country India is the fourth major sugar production in the world. The first three is Russia, Brazil and Cuba. Sugar industry provides direct employment to nearly 3lakh persons this industry supports about 25 million agriculturists. It pay’s both to the central government and the state government about Rs.350 crores by way of different taxes. The capital employed in the industry is of the order of Rs.780 crores. There are about 414 mills producing sugar, which are spread all over the country.
This report about the sugar mills. i prepare this report by majoring connected survey on internet. report also define about the operation layout, processes, operation sequences, farmer issues and it's plan layout etc..
Iwe have done the fundamental analysis of sugar industry in India. I've taken top 10 sugar company in India(Private Ltd mentioned in BSE and NSE). The financial analysis is done by referring the last 10 year annual report of each company.
The main objective is
To understand the current financial health of the company.
To analyze and compare financial position of top 10 companies.
To find the overall performance of the companies.
To analyze the financial ratios of each company.
Market potential of the company.
The sugar industry occupies a major portion in the (organization) industries of India. The sugar industries have rank second next to cotton and textile industries. The sugar industry started since 1830. China is the first producer of sugar in the world. It provides highest direct employment opportunities.
The sugar industry is one of the important Ago-based industry of the country India is the fourth major sugar production in the world. The first three is Russia, Brazil and Cuba. Sugar industry provides direct employment to nearly 3lakh persons this industry supports about 25 million agriculturists. It pay’s both to the central government and the state government about Rs.350 crores by way of different taxes. The capital employed in the industry is of the order of Rs.780 crores. There are about 414 mills producing sugar, which are spread all over the country.
This report about the sugar mills. i prepare this report by majoring connected survey on internet. report also define about the operation layout, processes, operation sequences, farmer issues and it's plan layout etc..
Iwe have done the fundamental analysis of sugar industry in India. I've taken top 10 sugar company in India(Private Ltd mentioned in BSE and NSE). The financial analysis is done by referring the last 10 year annual report of each company.
The main objective is
To understand the current financial health of the company.
To analyze and compare financial position of top 10 companies.
To find the overall performance of the companies.
To analyze the financial ratios of each company.
Market potential of the company.
Sugar Manufacturing Industry. Mini Sugar Plant. Sugarcane Mill. How Cane Suga...Ajjay Kumar Gupta
Sugar can be produced from sugarcane, sugar-beet or any other crop having sugar content. But in India, sugarcane is the main source of sugar. At present, this is the second largest agro-based industry of India after cotton textile industry. This industry involves a total capital investment of Rs. 1,250 crore and provides employment to 2.86 lakh workers. In addition, 2.50 crore sugarcane growers also get benefit from this industry. India has a long tradition of manufacturing sugar.
Sugar industry is an important agro-based industry that impacts rural livelihood of about 50 million sugarcane farmers and around 5 lakh workers directly employed in sugar mills. India is the second largest producer of sugar in the world after Brazil and is also the largest consumer. Indian sugar industry is a critical industry, as on one hand it services the domestic market, the largest in the world and on the other hand, it supports 50 million farmers and their families. It is the second largest agro based industry in India.
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Global Sugar - A Complex Market that Requires a Fit for Purpose CTRM SolutionCTRM Center
Sugar is a global commodity, with almost 180 million metric tons being produced in more than 120 countries each year. Though much of the sugar produced by these countries is consumed locally in food products or, increasingly, for ethanol production, the largest producing countries are often exporters as well and in total contribute 60-70 million metric tons delivered into the global market each year.
Lecture notes of Industrial Waste Treatment (Elective -III) as per syllabus of Solapur university for BE Civil
Prepared by
Prof S S Jahagirdar,
Associate Professor,
N K ORchid College of Engg and Tech,
Solapur
The presentation was made in the supervision of our professor after visiting the matiyari sugar mills by one of the students.
The information is taken by listening different engineers in sugar industry and also studying further from different websites and Wikipedia.
Market Research Report : Sugar industry in india 2014 - SampleNetscribes, Inc.
For the complete report, get in touch with us at: info@netscribes.com
Abstract :
The report highlights the analysis of the drivers and explains the factors for growth of the industry. Growing Population and Rise in Income, High Demand from Food and Beverage Industry, Growing Pharmaceutical Market, are the key drivers of this market. There is a huge untapped market which gives the industry more opportunities to expand. There is also a huge opportunity from by-products, and the sugar industry is considered as the chief source of raw material for ethanol production in India. To meet the rising demand of ethanol, sugar plants receive government aid which is facilitating ethanol production, in turn benefiting the overall sugar industry.
There are various challenges too that the sugar industry faces, oversupply situation and rise in sugarcane prices, impact of cyclicality and pricing are the major challenges faced by the sugar industry. Rise in sugarcane prices will bring down the profitability of sugar mills. Due to the sugar pricing challenge, it is difficult for the sugar mills to recover their production costs which lead to frequent losses
Government is likely to decontrol sugar sector to facilitate growth in the domestic sugar industry, also the sugar industry has been lobbying hard for decontrolling the sugar sector. The chief organizations, such as ISMA and NFCSF are looking for partial decontrol of the sector, allowing selling the entire stock of sugar in the open market.
Table of Contents :
Slide 1: Executive Summary
Macroeconomic Indicators
Slide 2: GDP at Factor Cost: Quarterly (2010-11, 2011-12, 2012-13, 2013-14), Inflation Rate: Monthly (Jul 2013 – Dec 2013)
Slide 3: Gross Fiscal Deficit: Monthly (Feb 2013 – Jul 2013), Exchange Rate: Half Yearly (Oct 2013 – Mar 2014)
Slide 4: Lending Rate: Annual (2008-09, 2009-10, 2010-11, 2011-12), Trade Balance: Annual (2010-11, 2011-12, 2012-13, 2013-14), FDI: Annual (2009-10, 2010-11, 2011-12, 2012-13)
Introduction
Slide 5: Sugar Industry Snapshot
Market Overview
Slide 6-10: Sugar Industry – Overview, Growth of Sugar Production(2013-2018), Growth of Sugar Consumption(2013-2018), Growth of Sugar Factories, Sugarcane – Overview, Growth of Sugarcane Production(2013-2018), Growth of Sugarcane Acreage(2013-2016), Sugar - Value Chain
Regional Distribution
Slide 11-17: Maharashtra – Overview, Uttar Pradesh – Overview, Karnataka – Overview, Tamil Nadu – Overview, Andhra Pradesh – Overview, Gujarat – Production Volume, Haryana– Production Volume, Punjab – Production Volume, Bihar – Production Volume
Export-Import
Slide 18: Export-Import
Drivers & Challenges
Slide 19: Drivers and Challenges – Summary
Slide 20-25: Drivers
Slide 26-28: Challenges
Government Initiatives
Slide 29: Decontrol of Sugar sector
Competitive Landscape
Slide 30: Porter’s Five Forces Analysis
Slide 31: Public Trading Comparables, Top 3 Companies
Slide 32-34: C
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
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June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
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Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
3. Raw Materials
Sugar is mainly made from sugar cane.
The main areas of sugar-cane
production from Sindh to Punjab are
widely spread. As sugar cane is a
tropical crop, it can’t tolerate frost.
General output
of sugar cane
is 37.5 tonnes
per hectare.
Sugarcane crop
4.
5. Sugar mills have to be located near the
sugarcane fields because:
•sugarcane starts losing its sugar
content as soon as it is harvested. It
needs to be crushed immediately.
•sugarcane is bulky and heavy.
Therefore, its transportation cost is
high.
6.
7.
8. Products and By-products
• Sugarcane is used primarily in the making of
sugar, ghur and other sweet products.
• By-products are:
1. Bagasses: Used to make paper, chipboard,
animal feed and also used as a fuel to produce
electricity to run machinery in sugar mills.
1. Molasses: Are used to produce various types
of acid and ethylene, which can be turned to
packaging plastics.
14. Uses of processed sugar
Sugar has many uses:
•As a sweetener: Sugar is added to foods or drinks to
make them taste more pleasant. For example, it
balances the bitterness of coffee and reduces the
tartness of sour fruit.
•As a preservative: Sugar is a natural preservative
that binds water to prevent the growth of micro-
organisms, thereby reducing food spoilage, as in jams
and preservatives.
•As a bulking agent: Sugars gives texture to a variety
of foods, from jams to frozen products.
20. Problems and Solution to sugar crises
DECEMBER 13, 2010 (HTTP://WWW.PAKISTANTODAY.COM.PK/2010/12/13/EDITORS-MAIL/SOLUTION-
TO-SUGAR-CRISES)
There are 84 sugar mills operating in the country with a capacity of 4000
tons to 20,000 tons. Most of these sugar mills are operating below their
capacity due to the shortage of sugarcane. The farmers and growers are not
selling sugarcane at the prices fixed by the government. There are
middlemen who are responsible for the high prices of the crop.
Out of 84 sugar mills only 38 are listed in the Stock Exchanges. Those,
which are not public limited companies, are owned by private companies and
families and thus not accountable to the public.
As the government has miserably failed to control the prices of sugarcane
and refined sugar, it is time to find out a permanent solution. I suggest that
the Security and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) should revert to
its previous law which bounds and makes it compulsory for the industrial
projects with the cost of 200 million rupees to be a public limited company so
that the public can have the 50 percent of equity shares in the industries.
This will make the sugar mills accountable to shareholders and the
monopoly of a family will be dismantled.
21. The government should not provide any protection to the sugar industries and it
should collect the direct income tax from the directors of the companies instead
of levying the sale tax. The government should follow the free market
mechanism and let the market decide the prices. The government should also
allow duty free import of raw brown sugar and refined sugar.
The government can play its role by advocating less consumption of sugar as it
is not essential for good health. The banks should not provide direct loans to the
sugar mills for purchase of sugarcane. They should make the payment directly
to the farmers and growers association. It will eliminate the role of middlemen
and investors.
The provinces should establish food authorities to monitor the production of
sugar mills and control its hoarding and black marketing. A quota should be
fixed for the utilities stores to which sugar mills should be made legally bound to
supply a certain percentage of their production to utilities stores. There should
be no role for federal ministries and TCP. The provincial government should be
responsible for meeting the demand of their population.
S T HUSSAIN
Lahore
22.
23. June 2001/Paper 2/Qs 4
(b)
(i) Describe the distribution of sugar mills in Pakistan [4]
(ii) Explain why sugar mills must be close to area of sugar
cultivation. [2]
(iii) State the inputs required by a processing factory such as a
sugar mill. [6]
(iv) Select a sugar mill at one of the following locations;
Faisalabad Mardan Thatta
Explain how its input needs are satisfied. [6]
(v) At sugar mills the milling season lasts only 160 days. What
problems does this cause and how might they be overcome? [4]
24. November 2002/Paper 2/Qs 3
(a)
For sugar cane,
(i) Name an area which is important for growing it. [1]
(ii) State the natural inputs that enable it to be grown in the are
you have named
in (a) (i). [5]
(iii) Explain why human inputs are very important for its
successful cultivation in Pakistan. [5]
(iv) State three processes necessary for the cultivation of
sugarcane [3]
(v) State the form in which it is taken to the sugar mill. [1]
(b) Explain why sugar mills need to be close to farms growing .
Sugarcane. [3]
25. M/J/06
Q3.b(i)Name the areas of high sugarcane production. [3]
(ii)Why are these areas suitable for the cultivation of
sugarcane? [4]
(iii)What happens to sugarcane from the time it is fully grown
to when sugar juice is extracted? [3]
(iv)Explain why baggases is an important by product of
sugarcane industry. [3]
26. Q1:Describe the main processes in the sugar
cane industry?
Q2:Name the main locations of sugarcane
production?
Q3:Why are the sugarcane industries near the
fields?
Q4:Describe the problems faced by sugarcane
growing farmers?
Question Bank(2000-2007)