The document provides an overview of a presentation on sugar cogeneration and public-private partnerships in India. It discusses India's energy needs and resources, outlines a build-own-operate-transfer model for sugar cogeneration projects, and analyzes the technical and financial feasibility of potential projects at various sugar mills based on their operating parameters and fuel availability. Real-time integrated analysis of sample projects is presented, including heat and mass balances, capital costs, revenue projections, and financial analyses.
This document discusses opportunities for cogeneration in the sugar and paper industries using bagasse as a fuel source. It notes that high capital costs, fuel availability, and government approvals present constraints. Improving milling processes can reduce bagasse moisture content. Using both bagasse and sugarcane trash has potential to generate electricity year-round. New mill designs like CMR mills use less power and produce lower moisture bagasse than conventional mills. Bagasse dryers can further reduce moisture when using bagasse combustion gases as the heat source. Recovering and utilizing sugarcane trash in addition to bagasse could nearly double surplus power generation from mills.
1. Renewable energy, especially solar, wind, hydro, and biomass, has significant potential in India given its natural resources and government incentives.
2. India has an installed renewable energy capacity of over 62 GW as of 2018 and aims to achieve 175 GW of renewable capacity by 2022 to meet its energy needs in a sustainable manner.
3. Key renewable technologies being developed in India include solar power, with a target of 100 GW by 2022, as well as wind, hydro, and biomass energy. Continued research and policy support can help realize India's renewable energy goals.
India is the fourth largest producer of ethanol in the world, producing it primarily through the fermentation of molasses, a byproduct of sugarcane processing. Sugarcane production is concentrated in certain states like Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu. In order to increase ethanol production, the Indian government is providing subsidies and mandating blending quotas. Sugar companies are expanding ethanol production capacity by building 30 new ethanol plants in 2007 with the goal of using more sugarcane directly for ethanol production rather than relying on molasses.
Summer Training Report at IOCL (chemical engineering)Gaurav Singh
This document provides information about Gaurav Singh's 4-week summer training at Indian Oil Corporation Ltd in Panipat from June 1-28, 2017. It includes an acknowledgement of those who helped facilitate the training and an outline of topics to be covered in the full training report such as information about IOCL, descriptions of various units like the Crude Distillation Unit, and the objective of the training experience.
This document summarizes a summer training report submitted by Narendra Singh Choudhary at the Indian Oil Corporation's Mathura Refinery. It provides an overview of the various processing units at the refinery, including atmospheric and vacuum distillation, catalytic cracking, reforming, treating units, and product storage and dispatch. It then describes the oil movement and storage operations, products produced, and storage tanks used. Finally, it provides details on the atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit's design and process flow.
This document discusses sugar mills and the sugar production process. It provides details on:
1) Global sugar production is led by Brazil, India, and the EU, who control over 45% of the market. India is the largest producer and consumer.
2) Sugar is produced through a chemical reaction between glucose and fructose that forms sucrose. The raw materials used are sugarcane and sugar beets.
3) Byproducts from sugar mills include bagasse, press mud, and wastewater which can be reused or treated through biological processes before disposal. Proper management of wastes is important to minimize environmental impact.
The document is a presentation on thermal power plants. It introduces thermal power plants as converting the heat energy of coal into electrical energy through boiling water to create steam to power turbines connected to generators. The presentation covers the layout of a typical coal-fired thermal power plant, including the main equipment like the coal handling plant, pulverizer, boiler, turbine, condenser, and cooling towers. It also lists some major thermal power plants located in Andhra Pradesh, India and their power generation capacities.
This document discusses opportunities for cogeneration in the sugar and paper industries using bagasse as a fuel source. It notes that high capital costs, fuel availability, and government approvals present constraints. Improving milling processes can reduce bagasse moisture content. Using both bagasse and sugarcane trash has potential to generate electricity year-round. New mill designs like CMR mills use less power and produce lower moisture bagasse than conventional mills. Bagasse dryers can further reduce moisture when using bagasse combustion gases as the heat source. Recovering and utilizing sugarcane trash in addition to bagasse could nearly double surplus power generation from mills.
1. Renewable energy, especially solar, wind, hydro, and biomass, has significant potential in India given its natural resources and government incentives.
2. India has an installed renewable energy capacity of over 62 GW as of 2018 and aims to achieve 175 GW of renewable capacity by 2022 to meet its energy needs in a sustainable manner.
3. Key renewable technologies being developed in India include solar power, with a target of 100 GW by 2022, as well as wind, hydro, and biomass energy. Continued research and policy support can help realize India's renewable energy goals.
India is the fourth largest producer of ethanol in the world, producing it primarily through the fermentation of molasses, a byproduct of sugarcane processing. Sugarcane production is concentrated in certain states like Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu. In order to increase ethanol production, the Indian government is providing subsidies and mandating blending quotas. Sugar companies are expanding ethanol production capacity by building 30 new ethanol plants in 2007 with the goal of using more sugarcane directly for ethanol production rather than relying on molasses.
Summer Training Report at IOCL (chemical engineering)Gaurav Singh
This document provides information about Gaurav Singh's 4-week summer training at Indian Oil Corporation Ltd in Panipat from June 1-28, 2017. It includes an acknowledgement of those who helped facilitate the training and an outline of topics to be covered in the full training report such as information about IOCL, descriptions of various units like the Crude Distillation Unit, and the objective of the training experience.
This document summarizes a summer training report submitted by Narendra Singh Choudhary at the Indian Oil Corporation's Mathura Refinery. It provides an overview of the various processing units at the refinery, including atmospheric and vacuum distillation, catalytic cracking, reforming, treating units, and product storage and dispatch. It then describes the oil movement and storage operations, products produced, and storage tanks used. Finally, it provides details on the atmospheric and vacuum distillation unit's design and process flow.
This document discusses sugar mills and the sugar production process. It provides details on:
1) Global sugar production is led by Brazil, India, and the EU, who control over 45% of the market. India is the largest producer and consumer.
2) Sugar is produced through a chemical reaction between glucose and fructose that forms sucrose. The raw materials used are sugarcane and sugar beets.
3) Byproducts from sugar mills include bagasse, press mud, and wastewater which can be reused or treated through biological processes before disposal. Proper management of wastes is important to minimize environmental impact.
The document is a presentation on thermal power plants. It introduces thermal power plants as converting the heat energy of coal into electrical energy through boiling water to create steam to power turbines connected to generators. The presentation covers the layout of a typical coal-fired thermal power plant, including the main equipment like the coal handling plant, pulverizer, boiler, turbine, condenser, and cooling towers. It also lists some major thermal power plants located in Andhra Pradesh, India and their power generation capacities.
The document discusses producing biodiesel from waste cooking oil through a process of esterification and transesterification. Waste cooking oil is converted into biodiesel and glycerin in a two step chemical reaction using methanol and an acid or base catalyst. Producing biodiesel from waste cooking oil provides an alternative fuel source and reduces toxins from improper oil disposal. The document also notes factors to consider for the biodiesel reaction and compares biodiesel to petroleum diesel.
THERMAL POWER PLANT TRAINING INDUSTRIAL VISIT REPORTPrasant Kumar
The document provides an overview of the components and operation of a thermal power plant. It discusses the key elements including coal handling, pulverizers, boilers, superheaters, turbines, generators, condensers and cooling towers. The coal is pulverized and burned to produce steam, which spins turbines connected to generators to produce electricity. The steam is then condensed and recycled to the boilers to complete the Rankine cycle. The document outlines the functions of the major equipment in a coal-fired thermal power station.
Sugar is produced from sugar cane and sugar beets. The sugar manufacturing process involves growing and harvesting the plants, preparing them for milling, milling to extract the juice, clarifying and evaporating the juice to form crystals, centrifuging to separate the crystals from the liquid, drying the crystals, and refining the sugar. Globally over 120 million tons of sugar are produced annually with approximately 70% coming from sugar cane.
This project is an outcome of 4 weeks of vocational industrial training, which I have to undergo for the partial fulfillment of the Bachelor of technology (Chemical Engineering). I have completed this training at IOCL, Brauni (Bihar), India's second oldest crude oil refinery.
This document describes the atmospheric distillation unit AU-IV at Gujarat Refinery. AU-IV processes 3-4 million metric tonnes per year of crude oil such as North Rumaila, Light Arabian, and Bombay High crude. It consists of columns, vessels, and heaters to separate crude oil streams into products like fuel gas, LPG, naphtha, kerosene, light gas oil, heavy gas oil, and reduced crude oil. These products are further processed or blended to produce finished products.
After crude oil is desalted and dehydrated, it is separated into fractions through distillation. However, the distilled fractions cannot be used directly and require further processing due to differences between crude oil properties and market needs. The complexity of refining processes is also due to environmental regulations that require cleaner products. Distillation involves heating crude oil to separate it based on boiling points, but the distilled fractions need additional conversion processes before they can be used or sold.
Cogeneration, also known as combined heat and power (CHP), is the simultaneous generation of electrical or mechanical power and useful thermal energy from a single process or system. It can achieve overall fuel efficiencies of over 80% by capturing heat that would otherwise be wasted from power generation. Trigeneration refers to the addition of an absorption chiller to produce cooling from the waste heat. Cogeneration technologies include gas turbines, steam turbines, internal combustion engines, microturbines, and fuel cells. Cogeneration can provide economic and environmental benefits through improved efficiency and reduced emissions.
Cogeneration, or combined heat and power (CHP), involves generating electricity and useful thermal energy from a single fuel source. This is more efficient than separate generation of power and heat, with overall efficiencies potentially over 75%. Cogeneration can reduce fuel costs by 40-50% and lower carbon dioxide emissions. It provides reliable, lower cost power for industrial processes and other applications like district heating. Widespread adoption of cogeneration could cut India's fuel use and greenhouse gas emissions significantly.
This document is a report on the instrumentation process at the Guwahati Refinery in India. It provides an overview of the refinery and describes the various instruments and control systems used to measure important process parameters like temperature, flow, pressure, and level. It also discusses the different units within the refinery like the nitrogen unit, sulfur recovery unit, hydro treating unit, hydrogen units, and INDMAX plant. The control system architecture and types of field instruments, transmitters, and control valves are also summarized.
- Isgec Heavy Engineering is a large Indian engineering company with over 5,500 employees and annual turnover over $500 million.
- They have 80 years of experience in boilers and 48 years specifically in high pressure boilers.
- They supply a wide range of industrial boiler systems as well as providing turnkey solutions for entire thermal power plants and sugar mills.
This document discusses E85 fuel, which is a blend of 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline. E85 provides higher octane than gasoline and can be used in flexible fuel vehicles that are designed to run on gasoline, E85, or blends of both. While ethanol has some advantages like reducing emissions, it also has disadvantages like lower energy content requiring more fuel. The document outlines the history, production, characteristics, and applications of E85 fuel. Countries like Brazil and the US are leaders in ethanol production and use E85 in vehicles.
BIOMASS GASIFICATION,gasification and gasifier.
A slide about biomass gasification including brief description about thermo-chemical conversion process and applications
This document provides a 3-page summary of a vocational training report for a chemical engineering internship at an oil refinery in India. It describes the processes within the Atmospheric Unit (AU) of the refinery, including crude preheating and desalting, distillation in the main fractionating column, product stripping, and chemical injection facilities. It also discusses the unit's feed, products, product end uses, relevant pumps and valves, instrumentation and safety measures.
Cogeneration is a system that produces heat and electricity simultaneously in a single plant, powered by just one primary energy source, thereby guaranteeing a better energy yield than would be possible to achieve from two separate production sources.
This presentation summarizes information about the Thermal Power Station in Muzafargarh, Pakistan. The key points are:
- The power station has a total installed capacity of 1350 MW generated across 6 units powered by natural gas and furnace oil.
- It uses a Rankine cycle to generate steam from heated water to power turbines and generate electricity.
- The presentation describes the typical components and processes within a thermal power plant, including boilers, turbines, generators, and cooling systems.
- Muzafargarh power station is a major source of electricity in Pakistan's national grid and is operated by the Pakistan Electric Power Company.
PPT ON THERMAL POWER PLANT (POLLUTION CONTROLLED)HIMANSHU .
!!!!!!!!!!>LINKS FOR THE VIDEOS ARE<!!!!!!!!!!
>>>https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1cSouvmjSSu7ZSPBq1AA2TYYn87kepoW8?usp=sharing<<<
A generating station which converts heat energy of coal combustion into electrical energy is known as a thermal power station.
IN THIS PPT THERE ARE SOME WAYS OF USING TECHNIQUES TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF POLLUTION CAUSED BY THERMAL POWER PLANT
Application of Solar Energy - Environmental Studies BBA (Honors)Samuel pongen
Presentation on Solar Energy application as per prescribed textbook Richard T. Wright – Environmental Science
Most relevant for Christ University BBA (honors)
India relies heavily on coal for energy but has limited oil and gas reserves. It aims to increase access to electricity and transition to more renewable resources like solar and wind over the long term. Currently, coal contributes over half of India's primary energy while oil and natural gas make up most of the remainder. The document outlines India's current energy sources and consumption patterns as well as strategies to improve efficiency, expand electricity access, develop renewable energy, and transition its energy mix to be more sustainable.
1) Sugarcane is an energy-rich crop containing the energy equivalent of 1 barrel of oil per ton of cane.
2) Cogeneration in sugar mills, the combined production of electricity and steam from bagasse, is an efficient use of the waste that saves 15-40% of energy compared to separate production.
3) Integrating sugar, ethanol, and power production makes the sugar industry more sustainable and profitable by diversifying revenue sources and utilizing byproducts.
Cement production is an energy intensive process that generates significant waste heat from preheaters and cooler exhaust gases. This document examines the potential for cogeneration in the Indian cement industry by recovering waste heat to generate electricity. It estimates that 40 cement plants in India could generate up to 160 MW of power capacity through cogeneration, reducing total power needs by 25-30% and cutting CO2 emissions by 1.5 million tonnes per year or 18%. However, barriers to wider adoption include the high capital costs, lack of proven indigenous technology, and absence of incentives for adopting cogeneration.
The document discusses producing biodiesel from waste cooking oil through a process of esterification and transesterification. Waste cooking oil is converted into biodiesel and glycerin in a two step chemical reaction using methanol and an acid or base catalyst. Producing biodiesel from waste cooking oil provides an alternative fuel source and reduces toxins from improper oil disposal. The document also notes factors to consider for the biodiesel reaction and compares biodiesel to petroleum diesel.
THERMAL POWER PLANT TRAINING INDUSTRIAL VISIT REPORTPrasant Kumar
The document provides an overview of the components and operation of a thermal power plant. It discusses the key elements including coal handling, pulverizers, boilers, superheaters, turbines, generators, condensers and cooling towers. The coal is pulverized and burned to produce steam, which spins turbines connected to generators to produce electricity. The steam is then condensed and recycled to the boilers to complete the Rankine cycle. The document outlines the functions of the major equipment in a coal-fired thermal power station.
Sugar is produced from sugar cane and sugar beets. The sugar manufacturing process involves growing and harvesting the plants, preparing them for milling, milling to extract the juice, clarifying and evaporating the juice to form crystals, centrifuging to separate the crystals from the liquid, drying the crystals, and refining the sugar. Globally over 120 million tons of sugar are produced annually with approximately 70% coming from sugar cane.
This project is an outcome of 4 weeks of vocational industrial training, which I have to undergo for the partial fulfillment of the Bachelor of technology (Chemical Engineering). I have completed this training at IOCL, Brauni (Bihar), India's second oldest crude oil refinery.
This document describes the atmospheric distillation unit AU-IV at Gujarat Refinery. AU-IV processes 3-4 million metric tonnes per year of crude oil such as North Rumaila, Light Arabian, and Bombay High crude. It consists of columns, vessels, and heaters to separate crude oil streams into products like fuel gas, LPG, naphtha, kerosene, light gas oil, heavy gas oil, and reduced crude oil. These products are further processed or blended to produce finished products.
After crude oil is desalted and dehydrated, it is separated into fractions through distillation. However, the distilled fractions cannot be used directly and require further processing due to differences between crude oil properties and market needs. The complexity of refining processes is also due to environmental regulations that require cleaner products. Distillation involves heating crude oil to separate it based on boiling points, but the distilled fractions need additional conversion processes before they can be used or sold.
Cogeneration, also known as combined heat and power (CHP), is the simultaneous generation of electrical or mechanical power and useful thermal energy from a single process or system. It can achieve overall fuel efficiencies of over 80% by capturing heat that would otherwise be wasted from power generation. Trigeneration refers to the addition of an absorption chiller to produce cooling from the waste heat. Cogeneration technologies include gas turbines, steam turbines, internal combustion engines, microturbines, and fuel cells. Cogeneration can provide economic and environmental benefits through improved efficiency and reduced emissions.
Cogeneration, or combined heat and power (CHP), involves generating electricity and useful thermal energy from a single fuel source. This is more efficient than separate generation of power and heat, with overall efficiencies potentially over 75%. Cogeneration can reduce fuel costs by 40-50% and lower carbon dioxide emissions. It provides reliable, lower cost power for industrial processes and other applications like district heating. Widespread adoption of cogeneration could cut India's fuel use and greenhouse gas emissions significantly.
This document is a report on the instrumentation process at the Guwahati Refinery in India. It provides an overview of the refinery and describes the various instruments and control systems used to measure important process parameters like temperature, flow, pressure, and level. It also discusses the different units within the refinery like the nitrogen unit, sulfur recovery unit, hydro treating unit, hydrogen units, and INDMAX plant. The control system architecture and types of field instruments, transmitters, and control valves are also summarized.
- Isgec Heavy Engineering is a large Indian engineering company with over 5,500 employees and annual turnover over $500 million.
- They have 80 years of experience in boilers and 48 years specifically in high pressure boilers.
- They supply a wide range of industrial boiler systems as well as providing turnkey solutions for entire thermal power plants and sugar mills.
This document discusses E85 fuel, which is a blend of 85% ethanol and 15% gasoline. E85 provides higher octane than gasoline and can be used in flexible fuel vehicles that are designed to run on gasoline, E85, or blends of both. While ethanol has some advantages like reducing emissions, it also has disadvantages like lower energy content requiring more fuel. The document outlines the history, production, characteristics, and applications of E85 fuel. Countries like Brazil and the US are leaders in ethanol production and use E85 in vehicles.
BIOMASS GASIFICATION,gasification and gasifier.
A slide about biomass gasification including brief description about thermo-chemical conversion process and applications
This document provides a 3-page summary of a vocational training report for a chemical engineering internship at an oil refinery in India. It describes the processes within the Atmospheric Unit (AU) of the refinery, including crude preheating and desalting, distillation in the main fractionating column, product stripping, and chemical injection facilities. It also discusses the unit's feed, products, product end uses, relevant pumps and valves, instrumentation and safety measures.
Cogeneration is a system that produces heat and electricity simultaneously in a single plant, powered by just one primary energy source, thereby guaranteeing a better energy yield than would be possible to achieve from two separate production sources.
This presentation summarizes information about the Thermal Power Station in Muzafargarh, Pakistan. The key points are:
- The power station has a total installed capacity of 1350 MW generated across 6 units powered by natural gas and furnace oil.
- It uses a Rankine cycle to generate steam from heated water to power turbines and generate electricity.
- The presentation describes the typical components and processes within a thermal power plant, including boilers, turbines, generators, and cooling systems.
- Muzafargarh power station is a major source of electricity in Pakistan's national grid and is operated by the Pakistan Electric Power Company.
PPT ON THERMAL POWER PLANT (POLLUTION CONTROLLED)HIMANSHU .
!!!!!!!!!!>LINKS FOR THE VIDEOS ARE<!!!!!!!!!!
>>>https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1cSouvmjSSu7ZSPBq1AA2TYYn87kepoW8?usp=sharing<<<
A generating station which converts heat energy of coal combustion into electrical energy is known as a thermal power station.
IN THIS PPT THERE ARE SOME WAYS OF USING TECHNIQUES TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM OF POLLUTION CAUSED BY THERMAL POWER PLANT
Application of Solar Energy - Environmental Studies BBA (Honors)Samuel pongen
Presentation on Solar Energy application as per prescribed textbook Richard T. Wright – Environmental Science
Most relevant for Christ University BBA (honors)
India relies heavily on coal for energy but has limited oil and gas reserves. It aims to increase access to electricity and transition to more renewable resources like solar and wind over the long term. Currently, coal contributes over half of India's primary energy while oil and natural gas make up most of the remainder. The document outlines India's current energy sources and consumption patterns as well as strategies to improve efficiency, expand electricity access, develop renewable energy, and transition its energy mix to be more sustainable.
1) Sugarcane is an energy-rich crop containing the energy equivalent of 1 barrel of oil per ton of cane.
2) Cogeneration in sugar mills, the combined production of electricity and steam from bagasse, is an efficient use of the waste that saves 15-40% of energy compared to separate production.
3) Integrating sugar, ethanol, and power production makes the sugar industry more sustainable and profitable by diversifying revenue sources and utilizing byproducts.
Cement production is an energy intensive process that generates significant waste heat from preheaters and cooler exhaust gases. This document examines the potential for cogeneration in the Indian cement industry by recovering waste heat to generate electricity. It estimates that 40 cement plants in India could generate up to 160 MW of power capacity through cogeneration, reducing total power needs by 25-30% and cutting CO2 emissions by 1.5 million tonnes per year or 18%. However, barriers to wider adoption include the high capital costs, lack of proven indigenous technology, and absence of incentives for adopting cogeneration.
INDUSTRAIL WASTE WATER FOR SUGAR CANE INDUSTRYSampath Kumar
This PPT gives the information about manufacturing process of sugar and various waste that are produced during the process and treatment for the waste before the disposal or for safe disposal with flow diagrams
1. Sugar production generates large amounts of biomass waste that can be used as fuel for power generation. Bagasse and press mud from sugar mills can also be used to produce biogas.
2. Cogeneration of power from bagasse is an attractive renewable energy project that has been implemented successfully in many sugar producing countries. It provides carbon-neutral electricity to sugar mills and improves their economic viability.
3. Sugar mills treat their waste water through extended aeration ponds and intensive biological oxidation before discharging to rivers.
OVERVIEW OF COGENERATION OPPORTUNITIES IN NEPALESE SUGAR SECTOR eecfncci
This document provides an overview of cogeneration opportunities in the Nepalese sugar sector. It discusses how cogeneration works by using fuel to generate both steam for industrial processes and electricity. The sugar sector in Nepal is described, including annual sugarcane production and bagasse production. Current practices and configurations in sugar plants are outlined. The document proposes upgrading to higher pressure boilers and turbines to increase power generation potential. Estimates suggest upgrading several plants could generate over 50 MW of surplus power for the grid. Interventions to realize this cogeneration potential are recommended, such as feasibility studies, assessing utility benefits, and developing incentive programs.
Trends and opportunities in sugar cogenerationManoj Kumar
This is a presentation shared to public specially for those in sugar industry who are venturing in cogeneration either in form of a new greenfield project or expansion of existing capabilities.
The document summarizes an experiment to determine the efficiency of converting electrical energy to thermal energy. A hot plate was used to heat water, and temperature over time was recorded. The expected efficiency was 100% based on the law of conservation of energy. However, the measured efficiency was only 43.8%, likely due to random errors such as water evaporation and unstable thermometer readings. Improving the experimental method by limiting evaporation and taking continuous temperature measurements could help reduce errors.
Cogeneration: An Electrical Perspectivemichaeljmack
The document discusses cogeneration and distributed energy resources from an electrical engineering perspective. It provides examples of different renewable energy sources like wind turbines, hydro turbines, and solar panels that can be used in distributed generation and microgrid systems. It also discusses important considerations for cogeneration facility design like reliability, equipment quality, costs, and regulatory compliance. Electrical diagrams are shown for typical cogeneration systems connected to single or dual utility services with basic paralleling protection.
CHP / Cogeneration As An Alternative Energy ResourceJohn Thornton
Combined heat and power (CHP), also known as cogeneration, is the concurrent production of electricity and useful thermal energy from a single energy source. It provides higher efficiency than separate generation by capturing heat that would otherwise be wasted. CHP can reduce energy costs for facilities that have thermal loads throughout the year, such as hospitals, universities, and manufacturing plants. Analysis shows the technical potential for CHP in the Pacific Northwest is over 15 gigawatts, which could save money while lowering emissions. CHP may be a good option for facilities interested in reducing energy use and environmental impacts.
Combined Heat and Power Generation - Commercial Energy Efficiency with Cogene...The Brewer-Garrett Company
www.brewer-garrett.com
Best practices in combined heat and power (CHP) promote commercial energy efficiency. Presented by energy services company Brewer-Garrett.
The capacity to transmit high torques with smaller sizes, high
efficiency, low noise level, durability and reliability are
characteristics of SGI for individual sugar mills drives. Other
applications of the sugarcane industry as apron conveyors,
feeder tables, dryers, coolers, truck dumpers, and power
generators also are part of our know-how.
Este documento resume los conceptos básicos de diseño y análisis de sistemas de cogeneración. Define la cogeneración como la generación simultánea de calor y energía eléctrica, donde una parte importante del calor generado debe destinarse a procesos térmicos. Explica que la cogeneración puede darse en plantas industriales existentes o nuevas, dependiendo de las demandas de calor y energía. Finalmente, introduce conceptos clave como ciclo combinado, ciclo superior e inferior, y máquina primaria.
Combined Heat and Power (CHP) generation. The use of industrial power and heat, resulting into high efficiency of the industrial unit and high profits. Reliability on energy provider is reduced.
Wärtsilä produces highly efficient combined heat and power (CHP) plants that run on various fuels. Their modular design allows for flexible operation and scalability. Key features include:
- Electrical efficiencies of 43-45% for engines and total efficiencies over 90% when waste heat is recovered.
- Engines can use natural gas, liquid fuels, or dual-fuels to provide reliable, low-emission power.
- Heat recovery systems maximize efficiency and flexibility by producing steam, hot water, or chilled water depending on customer needs.
This document discusses Combined Heat and Power (CHP) production and its advantages. It notes that CHP is an efficient use of resources that can produce both electricity and heat from one fuel source. CHP has significant global potential for growth, as it can utilize various renewable and waste fuels flexibly at both large and small scales. The document also discusses Fortum's strategy and vision, with CHP playing a key role. Fortum has many existing CHP plants and is constructing a new one in Klaipėda, Lithuania to provide heat and electricity using local biofuels and waste in a sustainable manner.
The combined-cycle power plant uses two gas turbines that produce electricity from combustion of natural gas. Exhaust from the gas turbines powers a steam turbine, increasing total electricity production. Emissions are controlled through selective catalytic reduction and aqueous ammonia injection. The plant can produce up to 600 megawatts of electricity total. Water is treated and recycled to produce steam and for cooling before being returned to the city. Electricity is transmitted to the grid through transformers and a switchyard.
Combined Heat and Power is the simultaneous production of
electricity and heat using a single fuel such as natural gas. The heat produced from the electricity generation process is captured and used to produce steam or hot water that can then be used for industrial and commercial heating or cooling purposes, such as district energy systems. The dual output of CHP facility can make more efficient use of fuel than two separate facilities that each just produce just heat or electricity. Consequently a CHP facility can provide the same energy services with lower greenhouse gas emissions.
Patrick Barrett
Manager, Distributed Generation
Electric Power North America
Caterpillar Inc.
Efficient Enterprises
Powering American Industry
Washington DC
June 23, 2009
Combined heat and power (CHP) refers to the use of a production unit's exhaust heat for another process requirement, improving energy utilization. By capturing waste heat, overall thermal efficiency can increase from 40-50% to 70-90%. CHP installations can be large or small, using fuels like natural gas or biomass, and are used for industrial steam production, agriculture heating, district heating, and small-scale building heating. CHP provides benefits like high efficiency, reduced emissions, cost savings, and power reliability.
Variable frequency drives (VFDs) control the speed of AC motors by converting AC power to DC and then back to variable voltage/frequency AC. VFDs allow constant torque or variable torque operation depending on the motor load. They provide benefits like energy savings, soft starts, and process control. Rockwell Automation offers their PowerFlex line of VFDs in compact, standard, and premium models for applications from 0.75 kW to 2000 HP. WEG is a global manufacturer of electric motors with a history dating back to 1961. They produce low and medium voltage induction motors from 0.12 kW to 1500 kW for applications in industries like pumps, fans, compressors, and more.
This document provides details about Avisekh Ghosh's 2-week training project at the Titagarh Generating Station (TGS) of CESC Limited from June 13-25, 2016. It thanks the various people who helped with the project, provides background on CESC and TGS, and outlines the content that will be covered in the project report, including the basic cycles and components of a thermal power plant.
This document provides details about Ayan Mondal's internship at the Budge Budge Generating Station (BBGS) owned by CESC Ltd. It includes information about BBGS such as its capacity, fuel sources, land area, departments Ayan worked in including operations, planning, mechanical maintenance, and electrical and instrumentation. It concludes by thanking the managers and employees who helped with his training.
The document provides information about a thermal power plant. It begins with introductions to energy and the basics of how a thermal power plant works. It then describes the specific thermal power plant process. It provides a brief profile of SGEL thermal power plant, including its location, capacity, fuel sources, power evacuation, tariffs, and historical operational performance. It discusses the proposal to acquire the plant, including financial details. It analyzes the project viability, value proposition, and risks around fuel availability, collection, quality, and water availability. The risks are proposed to be mitigated through measures like increasing the fuel collection area and number of suppliers.
This document discusses energy audits and provides information on related topics. It defines an energy audit, describes the objectives and types of energy audits. It also discusses benchmarking, energy conservation opportunities, and instruments used in energy audits. Conversion factors and the Energy Conservation Act are outlined. Methodology, steps, and components of preliminary and detailed energy audits are summarized.
IRJET- Modeling of Small Scale Solar Power Plant for Electricity and Cooling ...IRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study that developed a numerical model to simulate the performance of a small-scale solar thermal power plant in Cairo, Egypt. The plant consists of a parabolic trough collector that heats a thermal oil, which is then used to power an organic Rankine cycle (ORC) for electricity production, an absorption chiller for cooling, and a heat exchanger for heating. Four operating modes were investigated: electricity generation only, cooling only, heating only, and combined electricity and heating. The model examines the impact of operating parameters and meteorological conditions on the plant's thermal output, energy production, and efficiency. Simulation results show the plant can generate 45.6-85.5 kWh of electricity and
Thank you for the presentation on your vocational training at NTPC Barh power plant. It was informative to learn about the operations of the coal handling plant, boiler, and turbine systems. Please let me know if you have any other questions.
IRJET - IC Engine Waste Heat Recovery SystemsIRJET Journal
The document discusses waste heat recovery systems for internal combustion engines. It describes two main methods - the organic Rankine cycle and thermoelectric generators. The organic Rankine cycle uses a heat exchanger, turbine, condenser and pump to convert waste heat from exhaust gases into useful work. Thermoelectric generators use the Seebeck effect to directly convert a temperature difference into electricity. Both methods can potentially improve fuel efficiency and reduce emissions by capturing some of the waste heat from engines that would otherwise be lost.
5 Steps to Achieve More CostEffective Aminebased Carbon Capture Processes at ...NazrulIslam657555
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Similar to SUGAR COGEN PPT PPP NTPC DIM MNRE 25APR15 (20)
1. PRESENTATION
ON SUGAR COGEN
R.K.KAUL
Chief Energy Business
Saraya Industries Limited
New Delhi
rkkaul99@rediffmail.com ,rkkaul99@gmail.com
(M) 9810345642,
PUBLIC
PRIVATE
PARTNERSHIP
SUGAR COGENERATION ON BOOT BASIS
ISSUES , TECHNICAL & FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
``ONLINE ``
2. CONTENTS
ENERGY RESOURCES & SCENE IN INDIA
COGEN / TRI GEN BASIC DEFINITION / RANKINE CYCLE
PPP MODEL GIVE AND TAKE
BOOT MODEL –PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP
BASIS OF PROJECTS EVALUATIONS- THE MILLS
SUGAR BASE DATA – OPERATIONS-----REAL TIME ANALYSIS
TECHNOLOGY / HEAT MASS BALANCE / POWER BALANCE/STEAM BALANCE
REVENUES / COSTS / PBDIT / RETURNS/CASH FLOWS
SUMMARY / WAY FORWARD
3. ENERGY RESOURCES
BAGASSE
OTHER BIOMASS
RICE STRAW
WHEAT STRAW
MUSTARD HUSK
SUBABOOL
CANE TRASH
WOOD CHIPS
COCONUT SHELL
COAL INDIAN
COAL IMPORTED
IN SUGAR INDUSTRY
TOTAL RELIANCE ON
SUGAR OPERATIONS
NOT POSSIBLE
4. NATIONAL ENERGY DATA
POWER GENERATION RESOURCES-
MW
102,452.75
36,863.00
4,560.00
15521
THERMAL
HYDRO
NUCLEAR
RES
POWER GENERATION RESOURCES-
MW
93114
36158
4120
12194
THERMAL
HYDRO
NUCLEAR
RES
31-Mar-15
178341 69.75%
154170 60.30%
22971 10.89%
1200 0.57%
40867 19.37%
4780 2.27%
31692 15.02%
255680
6. STATUS
ENERGY NEED STANDS AT 2.75-3.00 LAC MW- NEXT 2-4 YRS
SUPPLY STANDS AT 1.5 LAC MW
GROWTH RATE >7.0 to 8.0 %
DEMAND SUPPLY GAP WILL CONTINUE / INCREASE
PRESSURE ON SAVING ENVIRONMENT
SIZE OF BUSINESS BIG
BUSINESSES KEEN TO HAVE A CUT OF THE BIG PIE
RENEWABLE POWER – THRUST WORLD OVER
HAVES & HAVE NOTS - GOVT/COOP/ PVT SEC
OVERALL ENVIRONMENT CONDUCIVE
PVT . SECTOR READY TO INVEST
BOOT IS
AN
OPTION
SUGAR
COGEN
HAS
POTENTIAL
7. SUGAR COGEN STATUS
Total Sugar Mills 526 (OP) / 695(INST)
Total TCD 2.5 Mn TCD
Cogeneration potential – 8000 to 10000 MW
Present Power Export - 3500 MW
BALANCE POTENTIAL – 3000 TO 4000 MW
INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITY- 15000 CR
RS
8. PP MODEL BASICS…….
BOOT – BUILD OWN OPERATE
TRANSFER
ITS GIVE AND TAKE MODEL
CPMPLETE TRANSPARENCY
ADMINISTRATIVE / TECHNICAL HELP
ACCURATE MEASUREMENTS
TIMELY DOCUMENTATION
9. COGEN / TRIGEN DEFINED
Cogen is Simultaneous generation and use of electricity and heat
Tri Generation is simultaneous generation and use of electricity , heat ,
and cooling
Both far superior in efficiency as compared to independent generation
Should be used where all forms of energy are required
ITS LIKE CO-EDUCATION –SAME TEACHER
( ENERGY)
10. PPP - BOOT ISSUES
POLITICAL WILL
ADMINISTRATIVE / BEUROCRATIC WILL
LOCAL MILL BOARD WILL
INVESTORS WILL
PROJECT DEVELOPERS WILL
PROJECT VIABILITY- FUEL / PRICING
11. PPP- BOOT MODEL:
Operates its own sugar plant
as usual
Invites Project developer to
setup cogen project
Give designated land-lease
free of cost
Gives Free water
Gives Free Bagasse
All legal
Commits to set up cogen
Does technical & legal deligence
Brings all capital at its own cost
and risk
Gives power & steam free for mill
operations
Provide capital for mill
modernisation/capacity
enhancement
Gets all legal clearances
The Mill The Project developer
12. PPP- BOOT MODEL:…cont..
Allows Connectivity to system
Agree on mill modernisation-work as
well as costs
Terms if steam/power norms not
followed
Pass Board resolutions as per need
Agree on concessation period,
revenue sharing/royalty on cane
crush
Complete project development
including design, order, erection
and commissioning
Procures balance of fuel
Share revenue as per agreement
Operate plants to optimum
capacity
Hands over the plant to mill at
ZERO COST after concessation
period
The Mill The Project developer
13. BOOT ISSUES CONT……
GUARANTEE FOR BAGASSE AVAILABILITY-MINIMUM QUANTITY
MINIMUM DAYS OF SEASON OPERATION
EXCESS POWER / STEAM DRAWN BY SUGAR PLANT
REVENUE SHARING v/S CANE CRUSH ROYALTY
PRICE FOR EXTRA STEAM / POWER- PSEB /EXCHANGE RATES
FUNDING FROM SDF – GOVT. HELP/ POLICY CHANGE
SENSITISING BANKING FOR THESE PROJECTS-DEDICATED FUNDS
MORTGAGING OF ALLOTED MILL LAND
BOOT PERIOD – 15/20/25/40 YEARS
MORATORUIM FOR RETURNS TO SUGAR 2-3 YEARS
ENHANCED RATE OF POWER TO GRID – some development -CE
TIME FOR IMPLEMENTATION
INTEGRATION OF SUGAR / COGEN/ CAPACITY ENHANVEMENT –
PAYMENT GUARANTEE BY GRID
14. BASIS OF EVALUATION
MILL PERFORMANCE OVER LAST 6-8 YEARS
ACTUAL CANE CRUSH AND BAGASSE AVAILABILITY
NO OF DAYS OF OPERATION IN A YEAR - SEASON & OFF SEASON
PRESENT / FUTURE STEAM & POWER CONSUMPTION
COGEN & MODERNISATION COST
COST OF MONEY, RETURNS TO SUGAR PLANT
SELLING POWER COST & CDM / REC BENEFITS
TECHNOLOGY / PLANT PARAMETERS / INTEGRATION
POWER OFFTAKE / CONNECTIVITY/DISTANCE TO GRID SUB STATION
STANDARDISATION OF PLANT CONFIGURATION
MILL MODERNISATION POTENTIAL
PROJECT DEVELOPERS INVESTMENT PHILOSOPY
INVESTORS RISKS INVOLVED
23. BASIC RANKINE CYCLE
There are four processes in the Rankine
cycle, each changing the state of the
working fluid. These states are identified
by number in the diagram to the right.
Process 1-2: The working fluid is pumped
from low to high pressure, as the fluid is
a liquid at this stage the pump requires
little input energy.
Process 2-3: The high pressure liquid
enters a boiler where it is heated at
constant pressure by an external heat
source to become a dry saturated
vapor.
Process 3-4:
The dry saturated vapor expands through a turbine, generating power. This decreases the te
Process 4-1: The wet vapor then enters
a condenser where it is cooled at a
constant pressure and temperature to
become a saturated liquid. The pressure
and temperature of the condenser is
fixed by the temperature of the cooling
coils as the fluid is undergoing a phase-
change.
35. ADVANTAGES TO SUGAR PLANT
1. The Cooperative Mill gets complete power plant at ZERO cost
2. Mill gets modernized in terms of power & Steam consumption
3. Plant gets reliable power steam –Improved quality and better
efficiency
4. Improvement in crushing capacity –improved revenues
5. Additional revenue by way of sharing/Royalty on cane crush
6. Improved Pollution Control with ESP
7. Employment to Local people
8. Better returns to cooperative members
9. Other biomasses used- revenue to farmers
10. Environment protection – as crop residue may not be burnt
36. SUMMARY WAY FORWARD
NEED FOR MORE CLEAN POWER IN THE COUNTRY
RENEWABLE ENERGY FOCUS
POLITICAL/ADMINISTRATIVE /LOCAL ``WILL`` REQD
BOOT A WIN WIN PROPOSITION IF IMPLEMENTED
PROPERLY ..TRANSPARENCY …UNDERSTANDING
BOOT PROCESS TO BE STANDARDISED
FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS UTMOST IMPORTANT
ALL ISSUES PRE DOCUMENTED & AGREED
GO FOR IT WITHOUT LOOSING TIME