ABSTRACT: This paper describes the development of a flexible and vibratory bowl feeding system which is suitable for use in a flexible manufacturing system. The vibratory bowl feeder for automatic assembly, presents a geometric model of the feeder, and develops force analysis, leading to dynamical modeling of the vibratory feeder. Based on the leaf-spring modeling of the three legs of the symmetrically arranged bowl of the feeder, and equating the vibratory feeder to a three-legged parallel mechanism, the paper reveals the geometric property of the feeder. The effects of the leaf-spring legs are transformed to forces and moments acting on the base and bowl of the feeder. Resultant forces are obtained based upon the coordinate transformation, and the moment analysis is produced based upon the orthogonality of the orientation matrix. This reveals the characteristics of the feeder, that the resultant force is along the z-axis and the resultant moment is about the z direction and further generates the closed-form motion equation.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.t
Design and Analysis of Mechanism for Dynamic Characterization of Power Transm...iosrjce
Power transmission systems are being widely used for transmission of power between two members.
Once a particular transmission system is realized it needs to be qualified before its course of application. As
part of this intended torque of the transmission systems needs to be measured and tested. Conventional means of
dynamic characterization of power transmission system has got the demerit of energy consumption to a greater
extent. Because of this more effort is to be put in terms of power for the sake of testing the intended system.
Great need exists for a system which consumes less or ideally no energy while performing test. This project
aims at evolution of a novel technique for evaluating the torque transmitting capability of power transmission
systems without consuming more energy. To start with all the subsystems of the proposed design will be
identified and each of them will be designed for getting their dimensions. Then these dimensional models will be
transformed to solid model of the assembled configuration using 3D CAD software. Functional load which will
be experienced by this design will be assessed and structural analysis will be carried out against these loads
using Finite Element Method (FEM) in commercial FEA software i.e. ANSYS
Development of An Omniwheel-based Holonomoic Robot Platform for Rough TerrainHillary Green
In this paper, an ongoing effort to develop a robust omnidirectional robotic platform for outdoor operation on non-smooth surfaces is presented. The design of an off-road, low-cost omniwheel is presented along with a suspension system that will allow the platform to traverse rough terrain. A control architecture based on the open-source Robotic Operating System (ROS) is also provided.
Modeling and Analysis of Tractor Trolley Axle Using AnsysIOSR Journals
Abstract: Tractor trolley (or) trailers are very popular and cheaper mode of goods and transport in rural as
well as urban areas. In India, various small scale industries are adopting the crude methodologies for designing
and manufacturing machine components. One such industry producing tractor trolleys for agricultural use has
been identified for this study. In this paper a static analysis is conducted on a tractor trolley axle. The solid
modeling of axle is developed by CATIA-V5. Analysis is done using ANSYS work bench. Most of the tractor
trolley axle used today is rectangular cross section type which in turn leads to increase in the weight of tractor
trolley and axle. In this paper an attempt has made by replacing rectangular cross section with circular section
which result in reducing the weight of the axle and the cost.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.t
Design and Analysis of Mechanism for Dynamic Characterization of Power Transm...iosrjce
Power transmission systems are being widely used for transmission of power between two members.
Once a particular transmission system is realized it needs to be qualified before its course of application. As
part of this intended torque of the transmission systems needs to be measured and tested. Conventional means of
dynamic characterization of power transmission system has got the demerit of energy consumption to a greater
extent. Because of this more effort is to be put in terms of power for the sake of testing the intended system.
Great need exists for a system which consumes less or ideally no energy while performing test. This project
aims at evolution of a novel technique for evaluating the torque transmitting capability of power transmission
systems without consuming more energy. To start with all the subsystems of the proposed design will be
identified and each of them will be designed for getting their dimensions. Then these dimensional models will be
transformed to solid model of the assembled configuration using 3D CAD software. Functional load which will
be experienced by this design will be assessed and structural analysis will be carried out against these loads
using Finite Element Method (FEM) in commercial FEA software i.e. ANSYS
Development of An Omniwheel-based Holonomoic Robot Platform for Rough TerrainHillary Green
In this paper, an ongoing effort to develop a robust omnidirectional robotic platform for outdoor operation on non-smooth surfaces is presented. The design of an off-road, low-cost omniwheel is presented along with a suspension system that will allow the platform to traverse rough terrain. A control architecture based on the open-source Robotic Operating System (ROS) is also provided.
Modeling and Analysis of Tractor Trolley Axle Using AnsysIOSR Journals
Abstract: Tractor trolley (or) trailers are very popular and cheaper mode of goods and transport in rural as
well as urban areas. In India, various small scale industries are adopting the crude methodologies for designing
and manufacturing machine components. One such industry producing tractor trolleys for agricultural use has
been identified for this study. In this paper a static analysis is conducted on a tractor trolley axle. The solid
modeling of axle is developed by CATIA-V5. Analysis is done using ANSYS work bench. Most of the tractor
trolley axle used today is rectangular cross section type which in turn leads to increase in the weight of tractor
trolley and axle. In this paper an attempt has made by replacing rectangular cross section with circular section
which result in reducing the weight of the axle and the cost.
SIMULTANEOUS OPTIMIZATION OF SEMIACTIVE QUARTER CAR SUSPENSION PARAMETERS USI...ijmech
In present paper, a methodology is presented related to the optimization of semi-active quarter car model
suspension parameters having three degrees of freedom, subjected to bump type of road excitation.
Influence of primary suspension stiffness, primary suspension damping, secondary suspension stiffness and
secondary suspension damping are studied on the passenger ride comfort, taking root mean square (RMS)
values of passenger seat displacement and settling time into account. Semi-active quarter car model
assembled with magneto-rheological (MR) shock absorber is selected for optimization of suspension
parameters using Taguchi method in combination with Grey relational analysis. Confirmatory results with
simulation run indicates that the optimized results of suspension parameters are helpful in achieving the
best ride comfort to travelling passengers in terms of minimization of passenger seat displacement and
settling time values.
The study on optimization measures of congestion on main roads in ChongQingIJERA Editor
to relieve the congestion of main roads with many two-phase intersections,build the simulation
platform with data of aactual congested road. By simulating different traffic volume,found:when traffic is in a
high level,the added left-turnning lane leads to congestion indirectly.So, put forward two solutions,after
evaluating with DEA/AHP,found:execute” closed to turn left”,use “U-Turn”to reduce crossing confilicts and
coordinate intersections with SYNCHRO is the best.
Coordinate metrology is concerned with the measurement of the actual shape and dimensions of an object and comparing these with the desired shape and dimensions.
In this connection, coordinate metrology consists of the evaluation of the location, orientation, dimensions, and geometry of the part or object.
A Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) is an electromechanical system designed to perform coordinate metrology.
In this study, a control strategy is presented to control the position and the feed rate of a table of a milling
machine powered by three-phase induction motor, when machining pieces constituted by different types of
materials: steel, brass and nylon. For development of the control strategy, the vector control technique was
applied to drive the three-phase induction machines. The estimation of the electromagnetic torque of the
motor was used to determine the machining feed rate for each type of material. The speed control was
developed using fuzzy logic Takagi-Sugeno (TS) model and the estimation of the electromagnetic torque
using the artificial neural network (ANN) of the least mean square (LMS) algorithm type. The induction
motor was fed by a three-phase voltage inverter hardware driven by a digital signal processor (DSP).
Experimental results are presented.
This paper presents a novel six degrees of freedom mechanism to integrate conical article with the cylindrical article which are large and heavy. The six desired motions include six linear motions and six rational motions. The linear motions are vertical, longitudinal and lateral. The vertical motion is achieved by toggle jack, longitudinal by wheel and rail assembly and the lateral motion is achieved by cross slides. The three rotational motions namely pitch, yaw and roll are achieved by simultaneous movement of toggle jacks, simultaneous movement of cross slides and rollers respectively. It is designed in such a way that it sustains the weight of the heavy articles and also prevents slipping and toppling of the conical article. This approach helps to satisfy and fulfil the goal of aligning the main article flange to the conical article flange for further bolting. The mechanism is designed keeping in mind factors like ergonomics and aesthetics.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
A Novel Hybrid Approach for Stability Analysis of SMIB using GA and PSOINFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Stability exploration has drawn more attention in contemporary research for huge interconnected power system. It is a complex frame to describe the behaviour of system, hence it can create an overhead for modern computer to analyse the power system stability (PSS).The preliminary design and optimization can be achieved by low order liner model. This paper presents a hybrid approach for the stability analysis of single machine infinite bus system using generic power system stabilizer (GPSS) and proportional-integral-derivative.
Helmet attempt to protect the user’s head by absorbing mechanical energy and
protecting against penetration. Every year many people or riders are killed or seriously
injured in the accidents as a result of head injuries. Wearing an appropriate safety helmet
significantly reduces the risk of injury or even death. Protective headwear could save
your life.In this research work a modified helmet will be designed with different
compositions in CATIA for modelling. After modelling the helmet the critical positions of
impact was identified.To use test with different material combination like 3mm
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) as outer surface and 1mmExpanded Poly-Styrene
(EPS) as inner surface, as well as 3mm Poly Carbon (PC) as outer surface and 1mm
Expanded Poly-Styrene (EPS) as inner surface are considered. The main objective of the
research is to enhance the safety of the rider and find out the best suitable material of the
helmet
SIMULTANEOUS OPTIMIZATION OF SEMIACTIVE QUARTER CAR SUSPENSION PARAMETERS USI...ijmech
In present paper, a methodology is presented related to the optimization of semi-active quarter car model
suspension parameters having three degrees of freedom, subjected to bump type of road excitation.
Influence of primary suspension stiffness, primary suspension damping, secondary suspension stiffness and
secondary suspension damping are studied on the passenger ride comfort, taking root mean square (RMS)
values of passenger seat displacement and settling time into account. Semi-active quarter car model
assembled with magneto-rheological (MR) shock absorber is selected for optimization of suspension
parameters using Taguchi method in combination with Grey relational analysis. Confirmatory results with
simulation run indicates that the optimized results of suspension parameters are helpful in achieving the
best ride comfort to travelling passengers in terms of minimization of passenger seat displacement and
settling time values.
The study on optimization measures of congestion on main roads in ChongQingIJERA Editor
to relieve the congestion of main roads with many two-phase intersections,build the simulation
platform with data of aactual congested road. By simulating different traffic volume,found:when traffic is in a
high level,the added left-turnning lane leads to congestion indirectly.So, put forward two solutions,after
evaluating with DEA/AHP,found:execute” closed to turn left”,use “U-Turn”to reduce crossing confilicts and
coordinate intersections with SYNCHRO is the best.
Coordinate metrology is concerned with the measurement of the actual shape and dimensions of an object and comparing these with the desired shape and dimensions.
In this connection, coordinate metrology consists of the evaluation of the location, orientation, dimensions, and geometry of the part or object.
A Coordinate Measuring Machine (CMM) is an electromechanical system designed to perform coordinate metrology.
In this study, a control strategy is presented to control the position and the feed rate of a table of a milling
machine powered by three-phase induction motor, when machining pieces constituted by different types of
materials: steel, brass and nylon. For development of the control strategy, the vector control technique was
applied to drive the three-phase induction machines. The estimation of the electromagnetic torque of the
motor was used to determine the machining feed rate for each type of material. The speed control was
developed using fuzzy logic Takagi-Sugeno (TS) model and the estimation of the electromagnetic torque
using the artificial neural network (ANN) of the least mean square (LMS) algorithm type. The induction
motor was fed by a three-phase voltage inverter hardware driven by a digital signal processor (DSP).
Experimental results are presented.
This paper presents a novel six degrees of freedom mechanism to integrate conical article with the cylindrical article which are large and heavy. The six desired motions include six linear motions and six rational motions. The linear motions are vertical, longitudinal and lateral. The vertical motion is achieved by toggle jack, longitudinal by wheel and rail assembly and the lateral motion is achieved by cross slides. The three rotational motions namely pitch, yaw and roll are achieved by simultaneous movement of toggle jacks, simultaneous movement of cross slides and rollers respectively. It is designed in such a way that it sustains the weight of the heavy articles and also prevents slipping and toppling of the conical article. This approach helps to satisfy and fulfil the goal of aligning the main article flange to the conical article flange for further bolting. The mechanism is designed keeping in mind factors like ergonomics and aesthetics.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
A Novel Hybrid Approach for Stability Analysis of SMIB using GA and PSOINFOGAIN PUBLICATION
Stability exploration has drawn more attention in contemporary research for huge interconnected power system. It is a complex frame to describe the behaviour of system, hence it can create an overhead for modern computer to analyse the power system stability (PSS).The preliminary design and optimization can be achieved by low order liner model. This paper presents a hybrid approach for the stability analysis of single machine infinite bus system using generic power system stabilizer (GPSS) and proportional-integral-derivative.
Helmet attempt to protect the user’s head by absorbing mechanical energy and
protecting against penetration. Every year many people or riders are killed or seriously
injured in the accidents as a result of head injuries. Wearing an appropriate safety helmet
significantly reduces the risk of injury or even death. Protective headwear could save
your life.In this research work a modified helmet will be designed with different
compositions in CATIA for modelling. After modelling the helmet the critical positions of
impact was identified.To use test with different material combination like 3mm
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) as outer surface and 1mmExpanded Poly-Styrene
(EPS) as inner surface, as well as 3mm Poly Carbon (PC) as outer surface and 1mm
Expanded Poly-Styrene (EPS) as inner surface are considered. The main objective of the
research is to enhance the safety of the rider and find out the best suitable material of the
helmet
This paper proposes a long-stroke linear switched reluctance machine (LSRM) with a primary and a secondary translator for industrial conveyance applications. The secondary one can translate according to the primary one so that linear compound motions can be achieved. Considering the fact that either one translator imposes a time-variant, nonlinear disturbance onto the other, the self-tuning position controllers are implemented for the compound machine and experimental results demonstrate that the absolute steady-state error values can fall into 0.03 mm and 0.05 mm for the secondary and primary translator, respectively. A composite absolute precision of less than 0.6 mm can be achieved under the proposed control strategy.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Research of the vehicle with AFS control strategy based on fuzzy logicIJRES Journal
Vehicle stability is an important index for automobile safety. With the rapid development of auto
industry, more attention was emphasized on active front wheel steering technology. A wheel angle control
strategy of active front wheel steering was present in this paper. Research was conducted based on Carsim and
Simulink. Carsim software was used to establish whole vehicle model. The fuzzy logic angle controller was
designed based on MATLAB/Simulink. Yaw rate error and error rate of change were the input variables of the
controller, and additional angle of front wheel was the output variable to validate the simulation. Through the
analysis of simulation results, it was confirmed that the control method can control the Yaw rate of the vehicle
effectively, which improved the stability of vehicle.
Modeling And Simulation Swash Plate Pump Response Characteristics in Load Sen...IJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Fluid Power is widely employed in applications required high loads such as tractors, cranes, and airplanes. In load sensing hydraulic systems, loads are controlled by adjusting a pump-valve arrangement. In this paper, the swash plate pump hydraulic characteristics will be determined, the pump and its fluid gains will be derived to obtain the pump overall transfer function. Firstly, the swash plate pump mechanism is analyzed and its dynamic model is constructed; the pump pressure and flow rate are plotted and the possible improvement is introduced. The load sensing unit parameters such as orifice width, orifice area, maximum passage area, and piston area at X and Y will be examined to identify their influence on the pump characteristics; and the optimum parameters will be introduced. All results are developed and simulated numerically.
Generation of Electricity Through A Non-Municipal Solid Waste Heat From An In...IJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Energy production, waste disposal, and pollution minimization are key problems that must be addressed for sustainable cities of the environment. Waste management has become a major concern worldwide, and incineration is now being used increasingly to treat waste that cannot be recycled economically. The total heat content of non- municipal waste varies from countries to countries. The tonnage of generation in Nigeria is expected to soar over the next few years and the exploitation of this renewable energy locked up in urban solid municipal waste into grid energy can be taken advantage off.The heat generated from this incinerated plant can be used to generate electricity which will reduce overdependence on fossil fuel and the use of generator which in turn reduces pollution disposal of this waste is incinerated plant for the production of electricity. Hence, this paper intends to review the nonmunicipal waste potential in Nigeria, evaluate its environment and economic cost, and energy content of municipal solid waste deposits in Nigeria.
A New Two-Dimensional Analytical Model of Small Geometry GaAs MESFETIJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT : In this paper, a simple and exact analytical model for Small Geometry GaAs MESFET is developed to determine the potential distribution along the channel of the device. The model is based on the exact solution of two-dimensional Poisson’s equation in the depletion region under the gate. Then the obtained model is used to study the channel potential and threshold voltage of the device. Using the analytical model, the effect of the device parameter and bias conditions on performance of the device is investigated. The obtained results are graphically exhibited and discussed. In order to verification of the analytical results, TCAD device simulator is used and good accordance is observed.
Design a WSN Control System for Filter Backwashing ProcessIJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Day by day, there is a higher rate of need for accurate automation system to be used in industries and environment monitoring and control. In water treatment plants during the filtration phase, there is a process called backwashing, which particles suspended in the filter basin are removed. in this process the water are forcedly pumped through the filter in upward direction at enough speed to expand the filter media. Therefore, various types of valves used, which are opened and closed in a time sequencing manner. The paper proposed an automation control system for the backwashing process to be initiated and completed automatically using PLC, level sensors and valves installed inside the filter basin. Practically, a control system has been applied which all valves are opened and closed according to wireless signals coming from PLCs on its suitable time. In summary, the control in the process demonstrated that the proposed system is efficient, effective, and able to be reliable. Besides, the results increase the productivity at a low-cost mode.
Application of Customer Relationship Management (Crm) Dimensions: A Critical ...IJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT”: Customer relationship management is crucial due to the competitive environment. For this reason, it has become a widely implemented strategy across the hotel industry in retaining customers and maintaining good relationships with them. It also promotes customer satisfaction and loyalty which lead to the achievement of competitive business performance. However, due to the ever-increasing competition and the continuous changing customers’ needs in the hotel industry, the ability to achieve customer satisfaction is becoming a major challenge. Using 40 respondents from 20 hotels, this paper, therefore, explores the managers’ perspective into how the application of CRM dimensions impact on the performance of hotels and also examines the relationships between them since studies evaluating their relationships are limited. It studies CRM from the hotels’ perceptive as Guest Services Managers and Marketing Managers were the respondents. This study employed an exploratory research design and quantitative technique. The survey was conducted in New Delhi and simple random sampling was the sampling technique used to select respondents. With the study’s objectives in mind, the developed research hypotheses constructed were tested using multiple regression analysis as the statistical tool. Through the results, it has been revealed that CRM dimensions are positively related to the performance of hotels. Finally, CRM dimensions are highly recommended as a competitive strategic tool to enhance competitiveness.
Comparisons of Shallow Foundations in Different Soil ConditionIJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Soil is considered by the engineer as a complex material produced by weathering of the solid rock. Footings are structural elements that transmit column or wall loads to the underlying soil below the structure. Footings are designed to transmit these loads to the soil without exceeding its safe bearing capacity. Each building demands the need to solve a problem of foundation on different types of soil. The main aim of this project is to design the appropriate foundation as per size and shape on cohesive, non-cohesive and rocky soil. In this paper different foundation are studied for a middle side and corner column of a building with different bearing capacities. Based on the study and judicial judgment the type of foundation is decided as per depth, quantity of steel and quantity of concrete and try to find which shape of the foundation is more stable, economical and ways to reduce the ease of construction of the building
Place of Power Sector in Public-Private Partnership: A Veritable Tool to Prom...IJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Public Private Partnership involves private sector engagement in infrastructural development. Though in the past, the country infrastructure had been experiencing a decline in the system, this is because, government had been the sole contributor to infrastructural finance and had often taken responsibility for implementation, operations and maintenance as well. This decline in the system is caused by escalating population growth depending on available infrastructure, decaying of existing power infrastructure, political instability and corruption in the system. The ongoing reform is about bringing the system to a lime light. Hence, Public Private Partnership participation in the infrastructural development in Nigeria, will create favorable environment for an investors, provide job opportunities, long time policy, decision making and efficient use of the available resources. This paper therefore dwells on overview of the public private partnership with regards to energy and other infrastructural development of Nigeria. Challenges of the partnership and possible solutions towards subduing the problems are proffered.
Investigating The Performance of A Steam Power PlantIJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: The performance analysis of Shobra El-Khima power plant in Cairo, Egypt is presented based on energy and exergy analysis to determine the causes , the sites with high exergy destruction , losses and the possibilities of improving the plant performance. The performance of the plant was evaluated at different loads (Full, 75% and, 50 %). The calculated thermal efficiency based on the heat added to the steam was found to be 41.9 %, 41.7 %, 43.9% , while the exergetic efficiency of the power cycle was found to be 44.8%, 45.5% and 48.8% at max, 75% and, 50 % load respectively. The condenser was found to have the largest energy losses where (54.3%, 55.1% and 56.3% at max, 75% and, 50 % load respectively) of the added energy to the steam is lost to the environment. The maximum exergy destruction was found to be in the turbine where the percentage of the exergy destruction was found to be (42%, 59% and 46.1% at max, 75% and, 50 % load respectively). The pump was found to have the minimum exergy destruction. It was also found that the exergy destruction in feed water heaters and in the condenser together represents the maximum exergy destruction in the plant (about 52%). This means that the irreversibilities in the heat transfer devices in the plant have a significant role on the exergy destruction. So, it is thought that the improvement in the power plant will be limited due to the heat transfer devices.
Study of Time Reduction in Manufacturing of Screws Used in Twin Screw PumpIJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: This paper gives the characteristics of Time reduction in manufacturing of screws for Twin screw pumps. Screws are playing a vital role in the performance of pumps, because pumps give the fluids transfer rate with the help of screws. There is a gap in screws which shows its positiveness. This indicates that we are studying about positive displacements pumps. Positive displacements pumps having no point of contact between screws, because of that there will be no any friction formation. Automation is best for development of product to reduce time in manufacturing of any product. In this paper we also tried to explain this feature of Automation to help reduction of time to manufacture of product to increase productivity.
Mitigation of Voltage Imbalance in A Two Feeder Distribution System Using IupqcIJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Proliferation of electronic equipment in commercial and industrial processes has resulted in increasingly sensitive electrical loads to be fed from power distribution system which introduce contamination to voltage and current waveforms at the point of common coupling of industrial loads. The unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) is connected between two different feeders (lines), hence this method of connection of the UPQC is called as Interline UPQC (IUPQC).This paper proposes a new connection for a UPQC to improve the power quality of two feeders in a distribution system. Interline Unified Power Quality Conditioner (IUPQC), specifically aims at the integration of series VSC and Shunt VSC to provide high quality power supply by means of voltage sag/swell compensation, harmonic elimination in a power distribution network, so that improved power quality can be made available at the point of common coupling. The structure, control and capability of the IUPQC are discussed in this paper. The efficiency of the proposed configuration has been verified through simulation using MATLAB/ SIMULINK.
Adsorption of Methylene Blue From Aqueous Solution with Vermicompost Produced...IJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: The removal of Methylene blue as a synthetic dye from aquatic system was investigated by using vermicompost. The dye concentration, contact time and pH of the solution carried out in the adsorption studies. Batch adsorption experimental data were suitable for the Langmuir isotherm and a very good fit to the second order kinetic model (pH=10). The maximum adsorption capacity calculated 256.66 mg g-1 . Vermicompost and the dye loaded vermicompost were characterized by SEM and FTIR. It was found that the vermicompost is stable without losing their activity.
Analytical Solutions of simultaneous Linear Differential Equations in Chemica...IJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Analytical method for solving homogeneous linear differential equations in chemical kinetics and pharmacokinetics using homotopy perturbation method has been proposed. The mathematical model that depicts the pharmacokinetics is solved. Herein, we report the closed form of an analytical expression for concentrations species for all values of kinetic parameters. These results are compared with numerical results and are found to be in satisfactory agreement. The obtained results are valid for the whole solution domain.
Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Injection of OxyHydrogen Gas on t...IJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRAC: Oxy-Hydrogen gas, H2O2, is a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen produced by water electrolysis. In this work, an experimental exploration was carried out in order to study the effect of the addition of oxy-hydrogen gas into inlet air manifold on speed performance characteristics of a diesel engine at different operating conditions. The experimental work was performed on a test rig comprising a four stroke 5.67 liters water-cooled diesel engine and a Heenan hydraulic dynamometer. Instrumentation included devices for measuring engine speed, load, fuel consumption and inlet air flow rate. The measurements were conducted at 1000, 1500, 2000 and 2500 rpm. At each speed, the engine load was adjusted to 20%, 40% and 80% from the engine full load which corresponds to engine brake mean effective pressures of 1.55, 3.11, and 6.22 bar, respectively, for Oxy-hydrogen generator supplied Currents of 26A and electrolyte concentration of 25 %. The fuel saving percentage and so the brake thermal efficiency for the H2O2 enriched CI engine is more evidently seen at low loads and high-speed conditions. the volumetric efficiency drop was about 5 % at small speeds and reaches to about 2% at higher engine speed.
Hybrid Methods of Some Evolutionary Computations AndKalman Filter on Option P...IJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: The search for a better option price continues within the financial institution. In pricing a put option, holders of the underlying stock always want to make the best decision by maximizing profit. We present an optimal hybrid model among the following combinations: Kalman Filter-Genetic Programming(KF-GP), Kalman Filter-Evolutionary Strategy(KF-ES) and Evolutionary Strategy -Genetic Programming(ES- GP). Our results indicate that the hybrid method involving Kalman Filter-Evolutionary Strategy(KF-ES) is the best model for any investor. Sensitivity analysis was conducted on the model parameters to ascertain the rigidity of the model.
An Efficient Methodology To Develop A Secured E-Learning System Using Cloud C...IJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Now-a-days, each and every action involved in our life becomes computerized in order to reduce the time, complexity and manual power. The education systems are also being computerized, to train the students in a much efficient way. This system is termed as E-Learning. E-Learning is an Internet-based learning process, in which the Internet technology is used to design, implement, manage and extend learning, which will improve the efficiency of learning. Learning, Teaching and Training are intensely connected components, which are all included in the development of E-Learning system. Cloud Computing provides an efficient platform to support the E-Learning systems, as it can be dramatically changes over time .In this paper, an overview on the new emerging E-Learning system , utilization of the SAAS (Software as a Service) and the methodology to test the efficiency of the person in a secured way are described.
Nigerian Economy and the Impact of Alternative Energy.IJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: Nigeria is endowed with natural resources which are aim at developing the country.The need for alternative energy resources to drive the nation economy cannot be over-emphasized. The incessant power failure has grossly affected the economy, seriously slowing down development in rural and sub-rural settlement. A robust solution must be found to end the crises. Alternative energy source has the potential of solving power problem in Nigeria as well as providing safer and cleaner environment than the fossil fuel. This paper also examines the socio–economic benefits of the alternative energy (solar, wind, biomass, hydro and geothermal) to the nation economy and the utilization of the resources to meet human needs and the generation yet unborn and to provide sustainable development, thereby improve the standard of living and mitigating climate change.
ABSTRACT: Many writers describe empowerment as a process as opposed to a condition or state of being which is being a key feature of empowerment emphasized by many researchers. As a process empowerment becomes difficult to be measured by standard tools available to social scientists. As case study helps in bringing us to understand a complex issue or object and can extend experience or add strength to what is already known through previous research. Case studies also emphasized on detailed contextual analysis of a limited number of events or conditions and their relationships. Researcher had made use of this qualitative research method to examine contemporary real-life situations.
Validation of Maintenance Policy of Steel Plant Machine Shop By Analytic Hier...IJMERJOURNAL
ABSTRACT: In this paper the maintenance activities of the Machine shop of Steel plant have been considered. As maintenance is a routine activity to keep a machine at its normal operating condition so that it can deliver its expected performance without causing any loose of time on account of accidental damage or breakdown and maintenance is a recurring activity. So for reduction of maintenance cost and safety of the operator as well as the residents of nearby area it is better to decide which machines should go for which type of maintenance. For this decision AHP is used and the Expert choice software is used for that calculations and this paper is for the validation of results.
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Study of Part Feeding System for Optimization in Fms & Force Analysis Using Matrix Method
1. International
OPEN ACCESS Journal
Of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER)
| IJMER | ISSN: 2249–6645 www.ijmer.com | Vol. 7 | Iss. 7 | July. 2017 | 24 |
Study of Part Feeding System for Optimization in Fms & Force
Analysis Using Matrix Method
*
Shiv Kumar Pandey1
,Vikas Kumar2
1
Rattan Institute of Technology and Management, Saveli, Palwal
2
Rattan Institutes of Technology and Management, Saveli, Palwal
Corresponding author:
*
Shiv Kumar Pandey
I. INTRODUCTION
A part feeding system is the proverbial black box with the parts entering the system in arbitrary
orientations and exiting the system in a single specified final orientation. These part feeing systems implement a
plan: a sequence of filters or gates that push, rotate and even drop parts until they reach the desired orientations.
An efficient part feeding planner has the filters sequenced so that most of the entering parts, exit the system in
the desired orientation. Methodologies to develop efficient manufacturing assembly lines include sophisticated
computer vision based bin picking, manual loading of pallets, trays or magazines and the design of the
specialized feeding machines- all seemingly necessary components of the automated manufacturing assembly
lines. The methods and technologies of moving component parts of an assembly into the transfer and insertion
station on the assembly machine. While in motion, parts encounter various orienting devices such as wipers,
scallops, narrow track, air jets, etc., in a vibratory bowl feeder. Parts that are moving in undesired orientations
will be rejected by these orienting devices and re-circulated, whilst those moving in the desired orientation are
allowed to reach the output section of the parts feeder.
A feeder may have below features :
Coating: Bowl feeder coatings Minimize wear and tear, reduces noise and damage to parts.
Sound enclosure/cover: A foam-lined structure that absorbs the noise created by the vibratory feeder. Reduce
noise and protects against dust and contamination.
Base plates: Enable easy mounting of the drive unit to the machine bed.
Sensors: Minimum/maximum level control on a linear track.
Hopper: Large, bulk container that stores material and regulates parts flow into the vibratory feeder system
Types
It should come as no shock, therefore to pinpoint that the most versatile of all part feeder remains the human
assembly worker.
Below are the types of Part feeder.
1. Barrel Feeder
2. Centrifugal Feeder
3. Drum Feeder
4. Shaker Feeder
ABSTRACT: This paper describes the development of a flexible and vibratory bowl feeding system
which is suitable for use in a flexible manufacturing system. The vibratory bowl feeder for automatic
assembly, presents a geometric model of the feeder, and develops force analysis, leading to dynamical
modeling of the vibratory feeder. Based on the leaf-spring modeling of the three legs of the
symmetrically arranged bowl of the feeder, and equating the vibratory feeder to a three-legged parallel
mechanism, the paper reveals the geometric property of the feeder. The effects of the leaf-spring legs
are transformed to forces and moments acting on the base and bowl of the feeder. Resultant forces are
obtained based upon the coordinate transformation, and the moment analysis is produced based upon
the orthogonality of the orientation matrix. This reveals the characteristics of the feeder, that the
resultant force is along the z-axis and the resultant moment is about the z direction and further
generates the closed-form motion equation.
Keywords: Part feeders, Matrix equation, PLC Sub-System, Force analysis
2. Study of Part Feeding System for Optimization in Fms & Force Analysis Using Matrix Method
| IJMER | ISSN: 2249–6645 www.ijmer.com | Vol. 7 | Iss. 7 | July. 2017 | 25 |
5. Roll Feeder
6. Revolving plate feeder
7. Gravimetric feeder
8. Linear feeder
9. Vibratory feeder
FEEDING SYSTEM DIAGRAM
The vibratory bowl feeder consists of nine specially designed stations along its track for feeding of non-
rotational parts. These stations are controlled by both the computer sub-System and the PLC sub-system.
Fig 1. Symmetric diagram of feeding system
Wiper blade station:
It is a passive orienting device commonly used in the vibratory bowl feeder to reject or wipe off parts that are
stacked on top of one another and also those parts that are higher than the set height limit of the wiper blade.
Programmable track width station:
This is also a passive orienting device commonly used in the vibratory bowl feeder to ensure that all the parts
would travel in single file longitudinally on the track, rejecting parts that are traveling abreast to another part.
Singularizing station 1:
Singularizing station 1 is used to control the flow of the part into the scanner. It consists of a door hinge that is
integrated into the wall of the bowl feeder, a pneumatic cylinder which will control the hinge to extend to block
a feeding part or retract to release a feeding part
Scanning station 1:
This station serves to determine the orientation of a feeding part with three analog infrared reflective fiber optic
sensors. Each of the optical fiber sensors is connected to a sensor block, which will transform the light signals
into the voltage signals and amplify the voltage signals. The output of the sensor block is connected to an AD
converter card, which will convert the voltage signals into the digital signals for the computer to process.
Flipping station:
This station is designed to flip the part which is identified to be upside-down by the scanning station 1. The
orienting device consists of a 90° vee-track, and air-jet and a reflective fiber optic sensor PS3.
Singularizing station 2:
This station is used to control the flow of the part into the scanning station 2. The structure of singularizing
station 2 and its working principle are exactly the same as that of singularizing station 1.
3. Study of Part Feeding System for Optimization in Fms & Force Analysis Using Matrix Method
| IJMER | ISSN: 2249–6645 www.ijmer.com | Vol. 7 | Iss. 7 | July. 2017 | 26 |
Scanning station 2:
This station would make a second identification to determine the orientation of the feeding part. The structure
and the function of the scanning station 2 are the same as that of the scanning station 1. After the scanning, the
computer would decide the appropriate actions to be taken after scanning such as:
(1) No action if the part is in the desired orientation.
(2) Request rotating operation if the part is 180° reversed.
(3) Reject the part if a poor scan or identification was encountered.
(4) Reject an upside-down part.
Rotation station:
This station is the final station to orientate the parts to the desired orientation and is used to reorientation a part
that is 180° reversed.
Rejection station:
This is the last station of the whole system, it would reject any part upon sensing it when a “reject” signal is
given by the computer.
Fig 2.Customized fiducials along inclined slope
Fig 3. Part on incline
Fig 4. Forces at peak of upwards vibration
Fig 5. Forces at peak of downwards vibration
4. Study of Part Feeding System for Optimization in Fms & Force Analysis Using Matrix Method
| IJMER | ISSN: 2249–6645 www.ijmer.com | Vol. 7 | Iss. 7 | July. 2017 | 27 |
To get a closer estimate of feeder speed, use the following:
Fx= F × A × K
Where;
FX = feeder speed
F = frequency (cycle or vibration per minute)
A = amplitude (length per cycle, for example, inch per cycle)
K = constant (factor is 1.3)
2.Force Analysis:
Fig 6. Degrees of freedom (only one spring shown)
Fig7. Feeder free-body diagram (a) bowl, (b) base
The following equations apply to the motion of the bowl:
Similarly, a free-body diagram may be used to find the equations of motion for the feeder base (Figure 19b).
5. Study of Part Feeding System for Optimization in Fms & Force Analysis Using Matrix Method
| IJMER | ISSN: 2249–6645 www.ijmer.com | Vol. 7 | Iss. 7 | July. 2017 | 28 |
The leaf spring attachments have a radius of r1 at the base. In addition, the rubber feet provide a support force
(F,) and a force to counteract twisting (Fh) at a radius of r0.
Substituting 5 and 6 in 1 and 2 we get:
Equation 3, 4, 7 and 8 are expressed in matrix:
This matrix equation, representing a system having three unknowns and four constraints, is over constrained.
One constraint (Fa) may be eliminated through the appropriate substitution,
resulting in the following equation:
Forces Fb, Fh, and Fv may be expressed in terms of the deflections y1, λ1, and d through the following matrix
equation:
Where the vector Y is defined as:
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Substituting Eq. (11) into Eq. (10) yields a second-order differential equation that describes the motion of the
bowl feeder model in terms of Y and the forcing function Fd.
Where:
If the vector X is defined as:
Equations of motion for part in a bowl feeder
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EXPERIMENTAL SET UP
BOWL FEEDER PARAMETER
PARAMETER
Track radius 6-1/8 inch 7-1/4 inch 8-1/4 inch
Length 12 inch 15 inch 18 inch
Angle of Inclination 0 deg 2.4 deg 2.2 deg
Coefficient of static
friction
0.95 0.95 0.95
Coefficient of
dynamic friction
0.90 0.90 0.90
Here we have taken example of experiment of a Tip assly m/c of writing instruments.
Parts engaged to complete the experiments are as below:
1.Nozzle
2.Tip
3.Part Feeder set Up Unit
Now nozzle is poured into the hopper and process starts to continue the assembly of Nozzle and Tip together.
When M/c is on then nozzle due to vibration raised inside hopper starts travelling towards downward along with
track and reaches to punching station where Tip is pressed inside and locking done.
Data Collection
Mode Part feeder
Operation Tip Punching
Man Power Utilized 01Nos
Shift Length 8Hrs
Part produced 15000
Breaks 15 Minutes(2 Time)
Rej Part produced 50
Cycle Time 1.92 Sec/Piece
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II. EXPERIMENTAL RESULT
1. Cycle Time Reduction
Cycle time is the total time from beginning to the end of the process as defined. It includes process time
during which a unit is acted upon to bring it closer to an output and delay time during which a unit of work is
spent waiting to take the next action.
For less cycle time , productivity is large while for large cycle time ,productivity will be less .Every industry
which needs to produce large quantity will keen to have process with less cycle time.
By establishing Part feeding systems to any process will help to reduce time for part feeding to the working
station which helps to reduce cycle time.
2. OEE Improvement
OEE (overall equipment effectiveness) is gold standard for measuring manufacturing productivity. It
identifies the percentage of manufacturing that is truly productive.
It is single best metric for identifying losses, benchmarking progress and improving the productivity of
manufacturing equipments.
5.Advantages of Part Feeding Systems
1.Flexible solutions can be easily reconfigured to accommodate production changes. With the Part feeding
System, this can be done quickly and inexpensively.
2. Products with complex geometries can be handled without problem as well. In addition,
3.The performance and efficiency of Part feeding System remains constant and does not decrease over time.
4.It require less assistance and maintenance over time.
5.Part feeding System reduces potential risks when new projects are evaluated.
6.Part feeding System entails lower costs when changing from one part to another, which improves capital
utilization.
III. CONCLUSION
Vibration bowl feeder has been overviewed. Its components and various parts are studied. The force
analysis of the bowl feeder has been done. The motion of the bowl and part are analyzed. Equations of motions
have been written for the motion of bowl and analysis has been done on that basis. The behavior of feeder has
been adequately represented. The simulation model can be framed out of the force analysis given based on the
various bowl parameters and the equations of motion. It helps to reduce cycle time & increase productivity of
assly process.
REFERENCES
[1]. M.L. Tay, Patrick S.K. Chua, S.K. Sim and Y. Gao, Development of a flexible and programmable parts
feeding system: International journal or production economics: Vol. 98, 2, (2005), 227-237.
[2]. Geoffrey Boothroyd, Corrado Poli, and Laurence E. Murch, Automatic Assembly. Marcel Dekker, Inc.,
(1982).
[3]. Okabe, S., Yokoyama, Y., and Boothroyd, G., 1988, “Analysis of Vibratory Feeding Where the Track has
Directional Characteristics,” Adv. Manuf. Technol., Z 3_4_, pp. 73–86.
[4]. Nebojsa I. Jaksic!, Gary P. Maul, Development of a model for part reorientation in vibratory bowl feeders
with active air jet tooling (1971).
*Shiv Kumar Pandey. "Study of Part Feeding System for Optimization in Fms & Force Analysis Using
Matrix Method." International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) 7.7 (2017): 24-31.