Nucleotides are the structural units that make up DNA and RNA and carry genetic information from parents to offspring. They also act as coenzymes to catalyze biochemical reactions by providing energy, such as ATP which carries out phosphorylation reactions in metabolic pathways. Additionally, nucleotides play a role in the immune system and cellular regulation through molecules like cyclic AMP.

1. Structure and Biochemical
Function Functions of
Nucleotide
Prepared by INSHA UR RAHMAN
PRESENT TO MISS ASIA FAZAL
University of Karachi

2. Nitrogenous Bases

3. Nucleotide

4. Nucleotide

5. Types of Nucleotide
 Four Types:
 Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
 Guanosine triphosphate (GTP)
 Cytidine triphosphate (CTP)
 Thymidine monophosphate (TTP)
 Uridine triphosphate (UTP)

6. Biochemical Function of
Nucleotide

7. 1. Nucleotide are Structural unit of DNA
& RNA

8. 2. They provide the monomers for genetic
information in DNA and RNA.
 The genetic information transmits from parents to their off spring
in the form of genes are made up of nucleotide.
 Control all the heredity characteristics.

9. 3. Role in Immune System

10. Nucleotides are Coenzymes
 they act with enzymes to speed up (catalyze) biochemical reactions.
 ATP is high energy rich compound. It carry out the phosphorylation reaction in various metabolic
pathways. The breaking of the phosphate bonds in ATP releases great amounts of energy that are
consumed in driving chemical reactions or contracting muscle fibres.
 FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide) & (NAD nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), The nicotinamide
portion of NAD and Riboflavin of FAD take part in oxidation and reduction reactions.
 Cyclic AMP another nucleotide, is involved in regulating many aspects of cellular metabolism, such
as the breakdown of glycogen.