Stroke is defined as abrupt neurological deficit caused by reduced blood flow to the brain. It is the second leading cause of death worldwide, affecting over 70 million people annually. The main types are ischemic (88%) and hemorrhagic (12%) strokes. Major risk factors include age, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, and smoking. Pathophysiology involves thrombosis, embolism, or bleeding that reduces blood flow and causes brain cell death from oxygen deprivation. Signs and symptoms include numbness, weakness, confusion, and headaches. Diagnosis involves imaging tests and lab work. Treatment focuses on revascularization, medication to reduce risk of future strokes, and rehabilitation.

1. STROKE