This document outlines 22 checklist items that should be included when reporting the results of cross-sectional studies. The checklist includes recommendations for the title, abstract, introduction, methods, results, discussion, and other sections of reports. Key elements that should be reported include the study design, setting, participants, variables, data sources, statistical methods, numbers of participants, results, limitations, interpretation, and generalizability. Providing this information transparently allows readers to understand what was done in the study and determine if the results are valid.
Health policy is a national task based on meeting community needs and respecting social, geographical and cultural variations. Ministry of health and population (MOHP) is the formal organization responsible for health policy formulation. The Egyptian health care system faces multiple challenges in improving and ensuring the health and wellbeing of the Egyptian people. The system faces not only the burden of combating illnesses associated with poverty and lack of education, but it must also respond to emerging diseases and illnesses associated with modern, urban lifestyle. Emerging access to global communications and commerce is raising the expectations of the population for more and better care and for advanced health care technology.
Health policy is a national task based on meeting community needs and respecting social, geographical and cultural variations. Ministry of health and population (MOHP) is the formal organization responsible for health policy formulation. The Egyptian health care system faces multiple challenges in improving and ensuring the health and wellbeing of the Egyptian people. The system faces not only the burden of combating illnesses associated with poverty and lack of education, but it must also respond to emerging diseases and illnesses associated with modern, urban lifestyle. Emerging access to global communications and commerce is raising the expectations of the population for more and better care and for advanced health care technology.
What is bias in statistics its definition and typesStat Analytica
Here is the best ever presentation on what is bias and the types of bias. In this Presentation, we have discussed the most important types of bias in statistics
Statistical significance vs Clinical significanceVini Mehta
esults are said to be "statistically significant" if the probability that the result is compatible with the null hypothesis is very small. Clinical significance, or clinical importance: Is the difference between new and old therapy found in the study large enough for you to alter your practice?
5 Reasons the Practice of Evidence-Based Medicine Is a Hot TopicHealth Catalyst
Evidence-based medicine is an important model of care because it offers health systems a way to achieve the goals of the Triple Aim. It also offers health systems an opportunity to thrive in this era of value-based care. In specific, there are five reasons the industry is interested in the practice of evidence-based medicine: (1) With the explosion of scientific knowledge being published, it’s difficult for clinicians to stay current on the latest best practices. (2) Improved technology enables healthcare workers to have better access to data and knowledge. (3) Payers, employers, and patients are driving the need for the industry to show transparency, accountability, and value. (4) There is broad evidence that Americans often do not get the care they need. (5) Evidence-based medicine works. While the practice of evidence-based medicine is growing in popularity, moving an entire organization to a new model of care presents challenges. First, clinicians need to change how they were taught to practice. Second, providers are already busy with increasingly larger and larger workloads. Using a five-step framework, though, enables clinicians to begin to incorporate evidence-based medicine into their practices. The five steps include (1) Asking a clinical question to identify a key problem. (2) Acquiring the best evidence possible. (3) Appraising the evidence and making sure it’s applicable to the population and the question being asked. (4) Applying the evidence to daily clinical practice. (5) Assessing performance.
What is bias in statistics its definition and typesStat Analytica
Here is the best ever presentation on what is bias and the types of bias. In this Presentation, we have discussed the most important types of bias in statistics
Statistical significance vs Clinical significanceVini Mehta
esults are said to be "statistically significant" if the probability that the result is compatible with the null hypothesis is very small. Clinical significance, or clinical importance: Is the difference between new and old therapy found in the study large enough for you to alter your practice?
5 Reasons the Practice of Evidence-Based Medicine Is a Hot TopicHealth Catalyst
Evidence-based medicine is an important model of care because it offers health systems a way to achieve the goals of the Triple Aim. It also offers health systems an opportunity to thrive in this era of value-based care. In specific, there are five reasons the industry is interested in the practice of evidence-based medicine: (1) With the explosion of scientific knowledge being published, it’s difficult for clinicians to stay current on the latest best practices. (2) Improved technology enables healthcare workers to have better access to data and knowledge. (3) Payers, employers, and patients are driving the need for the industry to show transparency, accountability, and value. (4) There is broad evidence that Americans often do not get the care they need. (5) Evidence-based medicine works. While the practice of evidence-based medicine is growing in popularity, moving an entire organization to a new model of care presents challenges. First, clinicians need to change how they were taught to practice. Second, providers are already busy with increasingly larger and larger workloads. Using a five-step framework, though, enables clinicians to begin to incorporate evidence-based medicine into their practices. The five steps include (1) Asking a clinical question to identify a key problem. (2) Acquiring the best evidence possible. (3) Appraising the evidence and making sure it’s applicable to the population and the question being asked. (4) Applying the evidence to daily clinical practice. (5) Assessing performance.
Literature Critique InstructionsStudents will complete and submit .docxjeremylockett77
Literature Critique Instructions
Students will complete and submit a critique of an assigned literature. A modified version of the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) 2010 checklist will be utilized to complete and grade this assignment. Total attainable points in this assignment is 45 points which accounts for 15% of the overall course grade. Students are highly encouraged to read “CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated Guidelines for Reporting Parallel Group Randomized Trials.” and “CONSORT 2010 Explanation and Elaboration: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomized trials.” well in advance of the literature critique due date. These articles serve as a great resource aiding in the completion of this assignment. A link to these articles as well as other resources can be found below.
Resources:
· CONSORT website: http://www.consort-statement.org/home/
· A useful resource for general background information regarding CONSORT
· Provides examples of good reporting
· Offers resources glossary of terminology, links to published literature, and more
· CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated Guidelines for Reporting Parallel Group Randomized Trials. http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=745807
· CONSORT 2010 Explanation and Elaboration: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomized trials.
http://www.consort-statement.org/Media/Default/Downloads/CONSORT%202010%20Explanation%20and%20Elaboration%20Document-BMJ.pdf
Course Number and Name
PHAR 610—Evidence Based Practice 2 Literature Critique & Journal Club
3
CONSORT 2010 checklist of information to include when reporting a randomised trial*
Section/Topic
Item No
Checklist item (each item is worth 1 point)
Reported on page No
& Line(s)
Title and abstract
1a
Identification as a randomised trial in the title
1b
Structured summary of trial design, methods, results, and conclusions (for specific guidance see CONSORT for abstracts)
Introduction
Background and objectives
2a
Scientific background and explanation of rationale
2b
Specific objectives or hypotheses
Methods
Trial design
3a
Description of trial design (such as parallel, factorial) including allocation ratio
3b
Important changes to methods after trial commencement (such as eligibility criteria), with reasons
Participants
4a
Eligibility criteria for participants
4b
Settings and locations where the data were collected
Interventions
5
The interventions for each group with sufficient details to allow replication, including how and when they were actually administered
Outcomes
6a
Completely defined pre-specified primary and secondary outcome measures, including how and when they were assessed
6b
Any changes to trial outcomes after the trial commenced, with reasons
Sample size
7a
How sample size was determined
7b
When applicable, explanation of any interim analyses and stopping guidelines
Randomisation:
Sequence
8a
Method used to generate the random allocation sequence
gener.
Literature Critique InstructionsStudents will complete and submit .docxcroysierkathey
Literature Critique Instructions
Students will complete and submit a critique of an assigned literature. A modified version of the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) 2010 checklist will be utilized to complete and grade this assignment. Total attainable points in this assignment is 45 points which accounts for 15% of the overall course grade. Students are highly encouraged to read “CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated Guidelines for Reporting Parallel Group Randomized Trials.” and “CONSORT 2010 Explanation and Elaboration: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomized trials.” well in advance of the literature critique due date. These articles serve as a great resource aiding in the completion of this assignment. A link to these articles as well as other resources can be found below.
Resources:
· CONSORT website: http://www.consort-statement.org/home/
· A useful resource for general background information regarding CONSORT
· Provides examples of good reporting
· Offers resources glossary of terminology, links to published literature, and more
· CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated Guidelines for Reporting Parallel Group Randomized Trials. http://annals.org/article.aspx?articleid=745807
· CONSORT 2010 Explanation and Elaboration: updated guidelines for reporting parallel group randomized trials.
http://www.consort-statement.org/Media/Default/Downloads/CONSORT%202010%20Explanation%20and%20Elaboration%20Document-BMJ.pdf
Course Number and Name
PHAR 610—Evidence Based Practice 2 Literature Critique & Journal Club
3
CONSORT 2010 checklist of information to include when reporting a randomised trial*
Section/Topic
Item No
Checklist item (each item is worth 1 point)
Reported on page No
& Line(s)
Title and abstract
1a
Identification as a randomised trial in the title
1b
Structured summary of trial design, methods, results, and conclusions (for specific guidance see CONSORT for abstracts)
Introduction
Background and objectives
2a
Scientific background and explanation of rationale
2b
Specific objectives or hypotheses
Methods
Trial design
3a
Description of trial design (such as parallel, factorial) including allocation ratio
3b
Important changes to methods after trial commencement (such as eligibility criteria), with reasons
Participants
4a
Eligibility criteria for participants
4b
Settings and locations where the data were collected
Interventions
5
The interventions for each group with sufficient details to allow replication, including how and when they were actually administered
Outcomes
6a
Completely defined pre-specified primary and secondary outcome measures, including how and when they were assessed
6b
Any changes to trial outcomes after the trial commenced, with reasons
Sample size
7a
How sample size was determined
7b
When applicable, explanation of any interim analyses and stopping guidelines
Randomisation:
Sequence
8a
Method used to generate the random allocation sequence
gener ...
Critical Appraisal Process for Quantitative ResearchAs you cri.docxwillcoxjanay
Critical Appraisal Process for Quantitative Research
As you critically appraise studies, follow the steps of the critical appraisal process presented in Box 18-1. These steps occur in sequence, vary in depth, and presume accomplishment of the preceding steps. However, an individual with critical appraisal experience frequently performs multiple steps of this process simultaneously. This section includes the three steps of the research critical appraisal process applied to quantitative studies and provides relevant questions for each step. These questions are not comprehensive but have been selected as a means for stimulating the logical reasoning and analysis necessary for conducting a study review. Persons experienced in the critical appraisal process formulate additional questions as part of their reasoning processes. We cover the identification of the steps or elements of the research process separately because persons who are new to critical appraisal often only conduct this step. The questions for determining the study strengths and weaknesses are covered together because this process occurs simultaneously in the mind of the person conducting the critical appraisal. Evaluation is covered separately because of the increased expertise needed to perform this final step.
Step I: Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process in Studies
Initial attempts to comprehend research articles are often frustrating because the terminology and stylized manner of the report are unfamiliar. Identification of the steps of the research process in a quantitative study is the first step in critical appraisal. It involves understanding the terms and concepts in the report; identifying study elements; and grasping the nature, significance, and meaning of the study elements. The following guidelines are presented to direct
you in the initial critical appraisal of a quantitative study.
Guidelines for Identifying the Steps of the Quantitative Research Process
The first step involves reviewing the study title and abstract and reading the study from beginning to end (review the key principles in Box 18-2). As you read, address the following questions about the research report: Was the writing style of the report clear and concise? Were the different parts of the research report plainly identified (APA, 2010)? Were relevant terms defined?
You might underline the terms you do not understand and determine their meaning from the glossary at the end of this textbook. Read the article a second time and highlight or underline each step of the quantitative research process. An overview of these steps is presented in Chapter 3. To write a critical appraisal identifying the study steps, you need to identify each step concisely and respond briefly to the following guidelines and questions:
I. Introduction
A. Describe the qualifications of the authors to conduct the study, such as research expertise, clinical experience, and educational preparation. Doctoral .
Similar to Strobe checklist v4_cross-sectional (20)
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group of receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a teamof receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a team wwww.lisywomensclinic.co.za/
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
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Strobe checklist v4_cross-sectional
1. 1
STROBE Statement—Checklist of items that should be included in reports of cross-sectional studies
Item
No Recommendation
(a) Indicate the study’s design with a commonly used term in the title or the abstract
Title and abstract 1
(b) Provide in the abstract an informative and balanced summary of what was done
and what was found
Introduction
Background/rationale 2 Explain the scientific background and rationale for the investigation being reported
Objectives 3 State specific objectives, including any prespecified hypotheses
Methods
Study design 4 Present key elements of study design early in the paper
Setting 5 Describe the setting, locations, and relevant dates, including periods of recruitment,
exposure, follow-up, and data collection
Participants 6 (a) Give the eligibility criteria, and the sources and methods of selection of
participants
Variables 7 Clearly define all outcomes, exposures, predictors, potential confounders, and effect
modifiers. Give diagnostic criteria, if applicable
Data sources/
measurement
8* For each variable of interest, give sources of data and details of methods of
assessment (measurement). Describe comparability of assessment methods if there is
more than one group
Bias 9 Describe any efforts to address potential sources of bias
Study size 10 Explain how the study size was arrived at
Quantitative variables 11 Explain how quantitative variables were handled in the analyses. If applicable,
describe which groupings were chosen and why
(a) Describe all statistical methods, including those used to control for confounding
(b) Describe any methods used to examine subgroups and interactions
(c) Explain how missing data were addressed
(d) If applicable, describe analytical methods taking account of sampling strategy
Statistical methods 12
(e) Describe any sensitivity analyses
Results
(a) Report numbers of individuals at each stage of study—eg numbers potentially
eligible, examined for eligibility, confirmed eligible, included in the study,
completing follow-up, and analysed
(b) Give reasons for non-participation at each stage
Participants 13*
(c) Consider use of a flow diagram
(a) Give characteristics of study participants (eg demographic, clinical, social) and
information on exposures and potential confounders
Descriptive data 14*
(b) Indicate number of participants with missing data for each variable of interest
Outcome data 15* Report numbers of outcome events or summary measures
(a) Give unadjusted estimates and, if applicable, confounder-adjusted estimates and
their precision (eg, 95% confidence interval). Make clear which confounders were
adjusted for and why they were included
(b) Report category boundaries when continuous variables were categorized
Main results 16
(c) If relevant, consider translating estimates of relative risk into absolute risk for a
meaningful time period
Other analyses 17 Report other analyses done—eg analyses of subgroups and interactions, and
sensitivity analyses
2. 2
Discussion
Key results 18 Summarise key results with reference to study objectives
Limitations 19 Discuss limitations of the study, taking into account sources of potential bias or
imprecision. Discuss both direction and magnitude of any potential bias
Interpretation 20 Give a cautious overall interpretation of results considering objectives, limitations,
multiplicity of analyses, results from similar studies, and other relevant evidence
Generalisability 21 Discuss the generalisability (external validity) of the study results
Other information
Funding 22 Give the source of funding and the role of the funders for the present study and, if
applicable, for the original study on which the present article is based
*Give information separately for exposed and unexposed groups.
Note: An Explanation and Elaboration article discusses each checklist item and gives methodological background and
published examples of transparent reporting. The STROBE checklist is best used in conjunction with this article (freely
available on the Web sites of PLoS Medicine at http://www.plosmedicine.org/, Annals of Internal Medicine at
http://www.annals.org/, and Epidemiology at http://www.epidem.com/). Information on the STROBE Initiative is
available at www.strobe-statement.org.