The document discusses segmentation, targeting, and positioning (STP) as key marketing strategies. Segmentation involves dividing the total market into subsets based on characteristics like demographics, psychographics, or behaviors. Targeting refers to selecting specific market segments to focus marketing efforts on based on company objectives. Positioning creates a brand image in consumers' minds by associating products with benefits, price/quality, applications, users, or cultural symbols. The document provides examples of single segment, multi-segment, and undifferentiated targeting strategies as well as different positioning strategies used in advertising claims.