Storia dei computer
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The document provides a timeline of important events and innovations in the history of computing from 1890 to 2019. It covers the development of early calculating machines, the invention of the computer and programming languages, advancements like the transistor and integrated circuit, the creation of the Internet and networks like ARPANET and Ethernet, the founding of influential companies like Microsoft, Apple, Google and others, and the release of pioneering technologies and devices such as the mouse, floppy disk, USB, smartphones, and quantum computing.
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Storia Dell'informatica
The document provides a brief history of modern computing from 1946 to the present. It describes many of the key events, inventions, companies and technologies that have shaped the evolution of computing over the decades, including the development of early computers in the 1940s-50s, the rise of software and programming languages in the 1950s-60s, the advent of personal computers and operating systems in the 1970s-80s, the creation of the Internet and World Wide Web in the 1980s-90s, and the explosion of Internet usage and new technologies from the 1990s onward. The history outlines the increasingly convergent path that computing has taken to the present day.
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Computers have evolved over five generations from vacuum tubes to artificial intelligence. The first generation from 1940-1956 used vacuum tubes, magnetic drums, and punched cards. The second generation from 1956-1963 used transistors which made computers smaller and more efficient. The third generation from 1964-1971 used integrated circuits on silicon chips which increased speed. The fourth generation from 1971 onward used microprocessors on a single chip and led to networks and the internet. The fifth generation presently aims to develop artificial intelligence using techniques like parallel processing and quantum computing.
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The document traces the evolution of computers from early counting devices like the abacus to modern cloud computing. It describes key early inventions and pioneers that helped develop computers, such as Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine, Alan Turing's Turing machine, and the first integrated circuits. The document then outlines the major generations of computers from first-generation mainframes to modern fifth-generation systems incorporating artificial intelligence and quantum computing.
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The third generation of computers used transistors placed on silicon chips called semiconductors, which allowed computers to become cheaper, smaller, and facilitate more user interaction. Significant events included the development of the UNIX operating system in 1970, the Intel 4004 microprocessor in 1971, and the first portable computer, the Osborne I, in 1981. The first popular personal computers were the Apple II and Tandy TRS-80 in 1977, followed by the iconic IBM PC in 1981 with its Intel 8088 processor and MS-DOS operating system. Processor and computing technology continued to rapidly advance throughout the 1980s and 1990s.
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The document traces the history of computers from ancient counting aids like the abacus to modern devices. It discusses early mechanical calculators and computers like Pascal's calculator and the Z3. Major developments included the first programmable computers in the 1940s like ENIAC and the introduction of transistors, integrated circuits and programming languages in the 1950s and 1960s which made computers smaller, faster and more powerful. Personal computers then became commercially available in the 1970s and grew rapidly in capabilities and popularity in the 1980s and 1990s as components like hard drives, graphics cards and processors improved according to Moore's Law. The evolution continues into handheld devices, tablets and new form factors.
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The document provides a brief history of modern computing from 1946 to the present. It describes many of the key events, inventions, companies and technologies that have shaped the evolution of computing over the decades, including the development of early computers in the 1940s-50s, the rise of software and programming languages in the 1950s-60s, the advent of personal computers and operating systems in the 1970s-80s, the creation of the Internet and World Wide Web in the 1980s-90s, and the explosion of Internet usage and new technologies from the 1990s onward. The history outlines the increasingly convergent path that computing has taken to the present day.
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The third generation of computers used transistors placed on silicon chips called semiconductors, which allowed computers to become cheaper, smaller, and facilitate more user interaction. Significant events included the development of the UNIX operating system in 1970, the Intel 4004 microprocessor in 1971, and the first portable computer, the Osborne I, in 1981. The first popular personal computers were the Apple II and Tandy TRS-80 in 1977, followed by the iconic IBM PC in 1981 with its Intel 8088 processor and MS-DOS operating system. Processor and computing technology continued to rapidly advance throughout the 1980s and 1990s.
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The document traces the history of computers from ancient counting aids like the abacus to modern devices. It discusses early mechanical calculators and computers like Pascal's calculator and the Z3. Major developments included the first programmable computers in the 1940s like ENIAC and the introduction of transistors, integrated circuits and programming languages in the 1950s and 1960s which made computers smaller, faster and more powerful. Personal computers then became commercially available in the 1970s and grew rapidly in capabilities and popularity in the 1980s and 1990s as components like hard drives, graphics cards and processors improved according to Moore's Law. The evolution continues into handheld devices, tablets and new form factors.
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The document traces the history and development of computers from ancient counting devices like the abacus to modern machines. It discusses early pioneers like Charles Babbage and his analytical engine. Major milestones covered include the creation of ENIAC, the first general-purpose electronic computer; the invention of the transistor; the launch of the Altair kit computer; the release of the IBM PC; and the debut of the original Apple Macintosh. The text also outlines the five generations of computers and technologies like integrated circuits that made machines smaller, faster and more powerful over time.
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The document summarizes the history of computers over 5 generations from the 17th century to present day. It describes the progression from early mechanical calculators and computers using punched cards, to modern computers that are now tiny microchips containing millions of transistors. Key developments included Charles Babbage's analytical engine, the first stored program computer, the invention of the vacuum tube and transistor, integrated circuits, microprocessors, and the creation of personal computers by companies like IBM and Apple. Current and future computers are exploring artificial intelligence and fifth generation technologies.
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This document provides a brief history of the evolution of computers from the 1930s to present day. It describes some of the earliest electronic digital computers like the ABC and Z3 and how they were used. It then outlines the development of Colossus, the Mark I, ENIAC, and EDVAC and notes technological advances like stored programs. Later sections discuss the first commercial computer UNIVAC I and large systems like SAGE. The document concludes by mentioning the development of transistors, microprocessors, GUIs, and advances like Deep Blue, virtual reality, robots like ASIMO, and the future of computing.
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The document traces the history of computers from ancient counting devices like the abacus to modern machines. It discusses early mechanical calculators invented by Pascal and Babbage in the 1600s-1800s. The first general purpose programmable computer was created by Aiken in 1944 called the Mark I. The ENIAC, completed in 1946, was a vast improvement and could compute 1000 times faster than the Mark I. The invention of the transistor in 1948 led to smaller, cheaper computers. The first personal computer was the Altair kit in 1975 while the first mass-market PC was IBM's in 1981. Apple launched the Macintosh in 1984 with a graphical user interface. The document also outlines the five generations of computers and
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Computers have evolved greatly over time, starting as simple mechanical aids like the abacus and advancing to modern electronic digital computers. Some key developments include Charles Babbage designing plans for the first general-purpose computer in the 1830s; the creation of the first functional computer called the Mark I by Howard Aiken in 1944; the invention of the transistor in 1948, which made computers smaller and more reliable; the development of programming languages like BASIC in the 1960s; and the creation of early personal computers like the Altair in 1975 and the Apple I in 1976, which helped usher in the personal computer revolution.
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This document provides a brief overview of some key events and innovations in computer history from 1937 to 2015. It describes the creation of some of the earliest computers like the Model K adder and Z2, the founding of Hewlett-Packard, the development of the first remote computing system at Bell Labs, and the completion of Zuse's Z3 computer. It then highlights several other milestones like the first general purpose commercial computer (Ferranti Mark I), early transistor computers, and the introduction of some pioneering personal computers and mobile devices. The document aims to give readers a high-level sense of important developments over the course of computer history.
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The document traces the history and development of computers from ancient counting devices like the abacus to modern machines. It discusses early pioneers like Charles Babbage and his analytical engine. Major milestones covered include the creation of ENIAC, the first general-purpose electronic computer; the invention of the transistor; the launch of the Altair kit computer; the release of the IBM PC; and the debut of the original Apple Macintosh. The text also outlines the five generations of computers and technologies like integrated circuits that made machines smaller, faster and more powerful over time.
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The document outlines the five generations of computers from the 17th century to present. The first generation used vacuum tubes and magnetic drums for memory. Transistors replaced vacuum tubes in the second generation. Integrated circuits were developed in the third generation, miniaturizing transistors onto silicon chips. Microprocessors brought the fourth generation by integrating thousands of circuits onto a single chip. The fifth generation focuses on artificial intelligence applications like voice recognition.
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This document provides a brief history of the evolution of computers from the 1930s to present day. It describes some of the earliest electronic digital computers like the ABC and Z3 and how they were used. It then outlines the development of Colossus, the Mark I, ENIAC, and EDVAC and notes technological advances like stored programs. Later sections discuss the first commercial computer UNIVAC I and large systems like SAGE. The document concludes by mentioning the development of transistors, microprocessors, GUIs, and advances like Deep Blue, virtual reality, robots like ASIMO, and the future of computing.
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Computers have evolved greatly over time, starting as simple mechanical aids like the abacus and advancing to modern electronic digital computers. Some key developments include Charles Babbage designing plans for the first general-purpose computer in the 1830s; the creation of the first functional computer called the Mark I by Howard Aiken in 1944; the invention of the transistor in 1948, which made computers smaller and more reliable; the development of programming languages like BASIC in the 1960s; and the creation of early personal computers like the Altair in 1975 and the Apple I in 1976, which helped usher in the personal computer revolution.
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The document provides a brief history of computers, describing their evolution from early mechanical counting devices like the abacus to modern digital computers. It notes that the first computer was Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine in the 19th century. The document also defines computer hardware as the physical components of a computer system, and software as any set of instructions that direct a computer to perform operations.
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This document discusses the history and basic parts of computers. It outlines that Charles Babbage is considered the "Father of Computing" and invented the Analytical Engine and Difference Engine. It then describes the generations of computers that have included vacuum tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, microprocessors, and artificial intelligence. The basic parts of a computer are identified as the input devices, processor, memory, and output devices. Common input devices include mice, keyboards, and cameras, while output devices include monitors, printers, and speakers. Memory can be hard disks, flash drives, RAM, or ROM. The processor is made by companies like Intel and AMD.
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The document traces the history and development of computing devices from ancient counting aids like the abacus to modern computers. It discusses pioneers like Blaise Pascal who invented the first mechanical calculator in 1642. Major developments included Charles Babbage's analytical engine in 1833, Howard Aiken's Mark 1 in 1944, the ENIAC in 1946, the invention of the transistor in 1948, the Altair kit computer in 1975, the IBM PC in 1981, and the Apple Macintosh in 1984. The eras of computing are defined from first generation vacuum tube computers to fourth generation personal computers and a predicted fifth generation of parallel processing and superconducting computers.
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The document summarizes the history of computers from 1941 to the present. It describes some of the earliest computers including the Z3 (1941), Mark I (1944), and ABC computer (1942). The first generation of computers (1951-1958) used vacuum tubes and punch cards, were large, slow, and expensive. Some notable first generation computers included ENIAC (1945), UNIVAC (1951), and the IBM 701 (1953). Magnetic core memory became the fastest type of memory in the early 1950s.
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The document provides a brief history of modern computing from 1946 to the present. It describes many of the key events, inventions, companies and technologies that have shaped the evolution of computing over the decades, including the development of early computers in the 1940s-50s, the rise of software and programming languages in the 1950s-60s, the advent of personal computers and operating systems in the 1970s-80s, the creation of the Internet and World Wide Web in the 1980s-90s, and the explosion of Internet usage and new technologies from the 1990s onward. The history outlines the increasingly convergent path that computing has taken to the present day.
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1.computer generation
1. Early computers from 1940-1956 were large, slow, expensive, and unreliable. They used vacuum tubes for components which generated a lot of heat and frequently broke down.
2. The transistor was introduced from 1956-1963, making computers smaller, faster, more reliable and energy efficient compared to vacuum tubes.
3. Later generations from the 1960s onwards saw the development of silicon chips, microprocessors, and other hardware technologies that made computers over 100 times smaller than earlier models, with greater speed, storage, and reliability. This led to booming personal computer and software industries.
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The document provides a chronological overview of the history of computers from the 1940s to the 2010s. Some of the early milestones included the creation of the Z3 computer in 1941, the ABC in 1942, and the ENIAC in 1946. Major developments in the 1960s included the CDC 6600 and IBM System/360. The 1970s saw the release of the floppy disk and C programming language. The personal computer era began in the 1980s and 1990s with products like the Macintosh, Windows 3.0, and the World Wide Web being introduced. New devices launched in the 2000s and 2010s included the iPad, Xbox One, and Apple Watch.
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The document summarizes outstanding researchers and breakthroughs in infocommunications from the 19th century to present day. It highlights key individuals such as Joseph Fourier who developed Fourier transforms in the 19th century, Alexander Popov and Guglielmo Marconi who pioneered radio waves, Alan Turing who modeled general purpose computers, and Claude Shannon who developed information theory, as well as inventions like the transistor by William Shockley and John Bardeen. It also outlines the development of technologies like ARPANET, the Internet, operating systems, search engines, social networks, and more recent innovations.
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1. A computer is an electronic device that can accept data as input, manipulate the data through processing, and produce information as output.
2. The basic components of a computer are the central processing unit, memory, input devices, output devices, storage devices, and power supply.
3. Computers have evolved significantly over generations from early vacuum tube computers to today's microchip-based computers, becoming smaller, faster, and more powerful over time.
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This document provides a high-level timeline of key events in the development of the Internet from the 1970s to the late 1990s. It begins with the introduction of early personal computers like the Altair 8800 and Apple II in 1975. Important developments include the launch of the IBM PC in 1981, the introduction of portable "luggable" computers in the 1980s, and the debut of the Macintosh in 1984. The timeline also notes early work using computer networks for social networking and distance education in the 1980s. Key projects in the late 1980s and 1990s include developing online executive training and graduate business programs.
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information technology for lesson 2.pdf
The document discusses the history of information technology including computer software, hardware, the internet, and telecommunications. It notes that early computer programmers used binary codes and custom software. Microsoft was founded in 1975 and created the MS-DOS operating system. Major Windows operating systems included Windows 95, XP, Vista and 7. The first CPU and mouse were created in the 1970s, while monitors evolved from CRT to LCD. The internet began in 1969 as ARPANET and the world wide web developed in the 1980s. Telecommunication advanced from drawings and drums to letters, telephones, and wireless communication including social media.
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Storia dei computer
- 1. 1890 •MACCHINA DEL CENSIMENTO 1936 •MACCHINA DI TURING 1943 •ENIAC 1946 •UNIVAC 1947 •TRANSISTOR 1958 •1° CIRCUITO INTEGRATO 1959 •1° LINGUAGGIO DI PROGRAMMAZIONE, IL COBOL 1960 •ARPANET 1964 •1° MOUSE E 1° INTERFACCIA GRAFICA 1971 •FLOPPY DISK 1973 •ETHERNET e XEROX 1974-1977 •TCP-IP E I PRIMI COMPUTER 1975 •BIL GATES e PAUL ALLEN SCRIVONO IL SOFTWERE PER ALTAIR 8080 E FONDANO MICROSOFT 1976 •STEVE JOBS e STEVE WOZNIAK FONDANO LA APPLE 1977 •RILASCIO DI APPLE II 1978 •1° FOGLIO ELETTRONICO 1981 •1° PC CREATO DA IBM 1984 •RILASCIO DEL MACHINTOSH 1985 •WINDOWS e ".com" 1993 •HTML 1994 •PRODUZIONE DI MASSA DEI VIDEOGIOCHI e NASCIATA DI YAHOO 1996 •GOOGLE 1998 •1° IMAC 1999 •NASCITA DEL WI-FI 2000 •1° CHIAVETTA USB 2001 •MacOS e Windows XP 2004 •FACEBOOK 2005 •YOUTUBE 2007 •1° IPHONE 2012 •1° SMARTWATCH 2013 •PLAYSTATION 4 e XBOX ONE 2014 •INTEL CORE i7-5960X 2015 •WINDOWS 10 2016 •1° COMPUTER QUANTISTICO 2019 •1° SD DA 1 TERABYTE e NASCITA DEL 5G