The document discusses prehistoric art from the Stone Age, divided into the Paleolithic, Mesolithic, and Neolithic periods. The main forms of prehistoric art were rock art including petroglyphs (rock carvings) and pictographs (paintings and drawings) created using materials like stone, bone, and pigments. Examples of important Stone Age art sites mentioned include cave paintings at Lascaux from 15,000-13,000 BC and Stonehenge from 3000-2000 BC, believed to be an astronomical calendar or burial ground. Mesopotamian art from modern Iraq is also noted for early cultural developments in writing, schools, and irrigation.