Steam and Condensate system in a process plant.ppt

23 March 2024 1
Turbine
Condensate
System
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23 March 2024 PMI Revision 00 2
Presentation outline
 Condensate
 Condensate System
 CEP
 Low Pressure Heaters
 De-aerator
 Function
 D/A Parts

What is condensate
• The steam after condensing in the condenser
known as condensate, is extracted out of the
condenser hot well by condensate pump and
taken to the de-aerator through ejectors, gland
steam cooler and series of LP heaters.

Condensate system
• Condensate Extraction Pump :
To pump out the condensate to D/A through
ejectors, GSC and LPH
• Gland Steam Condenser :
To increase the temperature of condensate.
• Condensate polishing unit :
To remove cat-ion and an-ion from the
condensate.

Condensate Systems
D/A level controller :
To control the level of D/A.
Drain Cooler :
To increase the temperature of condensate
LPH :
To increase the temperature of condensate
Deaerator :
To remove the dissolved gases from the feed
water

CEP
• Converts last stage steam of LPT to water
CONDENSER
CEP
GSC
CONDENSER
CPU DEAREATO
R LEVEL
CONTROL
Minimum recirculation to condenser

Condensate Pumps
• The function of these pumps is to pumps out the
condensate to the deaerator thru' ejectors, gland
steam cooler, and L.P. heaters. These pumps have
four stages and since the suction is at a negative
pressure, special arrangements have been made
for providing sealing.

Stages:
The pressure build up in 4 stages as suction is at negative
pressure.
Recirculation:
It is done when the de aerator level controller trips in
order to prevent cavitations.

PMI Revision 00
CONSTRUCTIONAL
FEATURES OF
CONDENSATE
EXTRACTION PUMP

PMI Revision 00
DESIGN FEATURES OF CEP
•Vertical, Multi Stage, Multi-Shaft.
•Can type construction with suction nozzle integral
with Canister.
•Double Suction first stage Impeller for minimum
NPSHR.
•Balancing holes and tilting pad Thrust Bearing for
Axial Thrust.
•Cutless rubber line bearings with axial flutes.
•Shaft sealing by PTFE rope packing / Mechanical
Seals.
•Compatible materials for stationary and rotating
parts.

FIRST STAGE PUMP ASSEMBLY:
It consists of Pump Casing, a Double Suction Impeller and a
Suction Bell Mouth.
SECOND TO LAST STAGE PUMP ASSEMBLIES :
It consists of Pump Casings and Single Suction Impellers.

HEAD PIECE :
It incorporates the discharge and suction branches
and supports Thrust Bearing Housing & Driving
Motor.
It is sealed where the Shaft passes through Stuffing
Box which incorporates soft packing and a Lantern
Ring.
Apertures are provided on Headpiece for accessing
Coupling, Thrust Bearing and Stuffing Box.
An air vent pipe is incorporated in the Headpiece for
connection to the condenser tank.

Condensate Flow
LPH1 LPH2 LPH3
CONDENSER CONDENSER CONDENSER
CONDENSER
FROM
CONDENSER TO
DEAREATOR
DRIPWATER DRIPWATER
DRIPWATER

L.P. Heaters
• Turbine has been provided with non-controlled
extractions which are utilised for heating the
condensate, from turbine bleed steam. There are 3
or 4 low pressure heaters in which LP turbine last
extractions are used.

LOW PRESSURE HEATERS
LPT
7RD STAGE
BFP
LPH3 LPH2 LPH1
LPT
3RD STAGE
LPT
5RD STAGE
CONDENSER
DC
D/A
DRIP DRIP DRIP

LPT STAGES
3RD STAGE
5TH STAGE
7TH STAGE

Feed Water Heater
• A Feedwater heater is a component used to pre-heat water
delivered to the boiler. Preheating the feedwater reduces
the amount of energy needed to make steam and thus
reduces plant operation costs. This improves the
thermodynamic efficiency of the system.

Flow arrangement
In parallel-flow heat
exchangers, the two fluids
enter the exchanger at the
same end, and travel in
parallel to one another to
the other side. In counter-
flow heat exchangers the
fluids enter the exchanger
from opposite ends. The
counter current design is
most efficient, in that it
can transfer the most
heat.

Shell and tube heat exchanger
Two fluids, of different starting
temperatures, flow through the
heat exchanger. One flows
through the tubes (the tube side)
and the other flows outside the
tubes but inside the shell (the
shell side). Heat is transferred
from one fluid to the other
through the tube walls, either
from tube side to shell side or
vice versa.. In order to transfer
heat efficiently, a large heat
transfer area should be used, so
there are many tubes. In this way,
waste heat can be put to use..

CONDENSER
• Converts last stage steam of LPT to water

What is deareator?
• Deaerator is a device for air removal from water to
make it non-corrosive. Deaerator generally implies
not only the deaerator but also the feed water tank
below where deaerated water is stored and fed to
the suction of boiler feed pumps.

Deaerator
• The presence of certain gases, principally oxygen,
carbon-di-oxide and ammonia, dissolved in water is
generally considered harmful because of their
corrosive attack on metals, particularly at elevated
temperatures.
• function is to remove dissolved gases from the feed
water by mechanical means.

Principle of Deaeration:
• Henrys law: The mass of gas with definite mass of
liquid will dissolve at a given temperature and is
directly proportional to the partial pressure of the
gas in contact with the liquid. This holds within
close limits for any gas, which does not unite
chemically with the solvent.
• Solubility Law: Solubility of gases decreases with
increase m solution temperature and/or decrease in
pressure.

• The deaerator comprises of two chambers:
• Deaerating column.
• Feed storage tank.

Parts of D/A
• Tubular type gauge glass.
• High level alarm switch.
• Low level alarm switch.
• Pressure gauge.
• Straight thermometers with pockets.
• Safety valve
• Isolating valves for steam pipes.

DEARATOR WITH STORAGE
TANK

DEAERATOR

Water Spray in Deaerator

THANK YOU

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