This is a ppt file for Basic knowledge of Chhattisgarh fisheries status in 2021

1. Online Viva-Voice of student READY programme
Title - Fisheries in Chhattisgarh: an overview
Mentor: Presemted by:
Dr.B.Nightingale Devi Rajendra Nag, Rajesh Kumar,
Assistant Professor Sanjay Khandekar, Vipul Singh
Department of Fisheries basic science and humanities. Badguzar, Vinod Kumar.
Class - B.F.Sc 4Th year.

2. Presentation Outline
1.Vipul Singh Badguzar.
 Introduction.
 Water resources of Chhattisgarh.
 Government schemes and its Achievements.
2.Rajesh Kumar.
 Fish Seed production in Chhattisgarh.
 Species cultured and diversification .
 Prevailing culture systems.
3.Vinod Kumar.
 Status of Fish Productivity in Chhattisgarh.
 Status of Fish Production in Chhattisgarh.
4.Rajendra Nag.
 Leasing policy for water resources in Chhattisgarh.
5.Sanjay Khandekar.
 Why Chhattisgarh is Prominent in Aquaculture.
 Factor responsible for the prominence of Aquaculture in Chhattisgarh.
 Conclusion.
Reference.

3. Overview of Fisheries status in Chhattisgarh
Introduction:
Fig1. Chhattisgarh state.
 India is the world's second largest producer of farmed fish, with production totalling 10.43
million ton from inland water bodies in 2020 (Handbook of fisheries statistics, 2020).
 Fish as a food in India preferred by many have made the industry to expand and large number of
farmers to enter into aquaculture for their livelihood and as a business enterprise (Kumar et al., 2005
and Dey et al., 2004).
 The state Chhattisgarh is the most water resourceful state in the central India and it is estimated that
1.64 lakh ha water area is available for fish culture and have 5.77 lakh tone Fish production in
2020-21.

4.  Besides the state has major riverine system and their tributaries forming a network of 3573 km
(DAHDF, 2017).
 Fish production in the mineral rich state Chhattisgarh had registered a growth of more than 130
per cent over a period of a decade (Anon, 2015).
 A grey literature shares that more than 94% of the total freshwater bodies are under fish culture in
the state.
 The production in Chhattisgarh state is estimated to be above the national average in tanks/ponds
and riverine systems.
Fig 2. This figure shows the Fish cultured area in state.
Fish cultured
94%
Fish not
cultured
6%
FISH CULTURED AREA

5.  The productivity in community ponds is 3055 kg/ha/year against the national average of
2200kg/ha/year and the average production of reservoir is 202 kg/ha/year against the national
average of 48 kg/ha/year.
 The state has brought fish culture to about 90% of the total area suitable for aquaculture.
Centrally sponsored scheme Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) had a clear impact
which was implemented in 2007 and during that period the growth in Chhattisgarh fisheries
was 13.8% in 2008-09 which was only 1.2% in 2007-08 and then all time growth rate of
30.97% was observed during 2010-11.
Fig 3. Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) 2007.

6. Rural Agricultural Work Experience(RAWE)
 The Rural Agricultural Work Experience(RAWE) provides exposure to Fisheries students to the
natural setting of the village situation, work with the farm families identify their problems and make
use of various extension tools for transferring of the information.
 This helps the students to understand the psychology of the workers, and approach to problems
along with the practices at Fish farm and to acquire entrepreneurship skills.
 To make students understand the scope, functions and job responsibilities in various departments of
an organization.
 Exposure to various aspects of Entrepreneurship during the program period.
Fig 4.STUDENT READY PROGRAM.

7. Objective
1. Understanding the resources of the state for aquaculture.
2. Production and productivity of aquaculture, culture systems and species diversification of
the state.
3. Best practices adopted and the factors responsible for the prominence of aquaculture in the
state.
Fig5. Different species of fishes in the Market Fig6. Cage culture farm in Chhattisgarh.

8. Water Resources of Chhattisgarh
 The state has about 1.64 lakh ha water area available for fish culture.
 Besides the state have major riverine system and their tributaries with an area of 3573 km.
Fig 7 . This figure represent the water resource of Chhattisgarh (Source from Department of Fisheries, Govt. of C.G, 2016).
S.No Resource Area
1. Total inland water bodies 1,64,000 ha
2. Rivers and canal 3,573 km
3. Reservoirs 98,000 ha
4. Tanks and ponds 75,000 lakh ha

9.  The total number of reservoir in the state is 1770 covering an area of 0.98 lakh ha.
 Although 99% reservoir belongs to small category but they account for about 54% of
total reservoir area in the state.
 The area under medium and large reservoirs is 25% and 21% respectively.
 The state has 59591 rural/village ponds covering 0.75 lakh ha.
 Accounting to all these resources the total water area in the state is 1.64 lakh ha water area
available for fisheries development during 2013-14.
Fig 8. This figure shows the area coverd by different reservoirs of Chhattisgarh.
54%
25%
21%
Resevoir Area
small reservoir Medium reservoir Large reservoir

10.  Remarkably out of the available water resources 0.68 lakh ha rural pond area and 0.86 lakh
ha irrigation reservoir water area, thus totalling 1.54 lakh ha water has already been
brought under fish culture by 2015-16.
 The total area under fish culture developed in state is 1.54 lakh ha against the available 1.64
lakh ha. This indicates that there is still scope to expand the area under fish culture in the
state.
 However, in spite of various schemes implemented through Fisheries Department and other
organizations the resources are yet to be fully exploited.
 Small reservoirs (Dubri) have a greater potential for production of fish.
Fig 9. This figure shows the water area which comes under fish culture.
0.68 lakh ha
(Rural pond area)
0.86 lakh ha
(Reservoir water
area)
water area under fish culture
Rural pond area Reservoir water area

11.  As per new policy of the government in the state all the water bodies have been leased out under the
panchayat (60%), fish federation (3%), Fisheries Department (26%) and private (11%).
 The northern part of the state lies on the edge of the great Indo Gangetic plain and the southern part of
the lies on the Deccan plateau, in the watershed of Godavari river and its tributary Indravati river.
 The Mahanadi is the chief river of the state, other main rivers are Shivnath, Hasdeo,
Rihand,Indravati, Jonk and Arpa.
 The state is crisscrossed by several rivers, rivulets, streams and streamlets run 3573 km. The state is
situated amidst lush green hills and plateaus, is interspersed and due to the presence of natural drainage
systems,Chhattisgarh is blessed abundantly with prolific and fertile plains.
Fig 10. This figure shows the leased water bodies areas in Chhattisgarh.
Panchayat
60%
Fish Fedration
3%
fisheries
Department
26%
Private
11%
LEASED WATER BODIES

12. Species Cultured
 Indian major carps are predominantly cultured, however minor carps, barbs and catfish
categories of fishes also find a place.
 Major species cultured are Rohu (Labeo rohita), Catla(Catla catla) ,Mrigal (Cirrhinus
mrigala),Grass Carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella) ,Common Carp (Cyprinus
carpio),Silver Carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix).
 In recent years,attempts have been to develop the culture of fish like Pangasius, Climbing
perch (Anabas testudineus) and Murrels(Channa sp.). The other species cultured is
monosex tilapia(hybrid of O. hornorum with O. mossambicus or O.niloticus).
Fig11. Indian Major Carp

13. Government Schemes and its Achievements (2019-20)
S.
No
Scheme
Financial
Achievement
(Rs.in Lakh)
Physical achievement
Financial
allotment
Expend
iture
Programmes Unit Target
Achievemen
t
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
A. Centrally sponsored scheme (CSS)
1. Blue Revolution 4352.36 4000.49 Pond Construction Hectar 410.50 410.50
Motorcycle/Ice Box No. 169 169
Rearing space Hectare 61.78 61.78
Inputs for constructed ponds Hectare 472.27 472.27
2. RKVY 1600.00 802.50 Fish seed rearing in seasonalponds. Hectar 139 139
Assistance for fisheries development
in reservoir. Hectar 7 7
Assistance for net Units 100 100
Strengthening of Fish Farms Units 1 1
Assistance to fishermen for purchase
of cifax
Farmer 3000 3000
Construction of ponds Hectar 41.28 41.28
Assistance to retailers B.F. 2300 2300
3. Group accidental Insurance scheme 40.80 17.12 Group accidentalinsurance B.F. 220355 220355
4. Fishermen welfare scheme Saving cum relief scheme No. 7740 7740
B. Central Scetor Scheme
5. Strengthening of database 77.53 53.72 Catch Assesment Survey Distt. 27 27
B. State plan
6. Fish seed production 551.00 548.43 St.Fry production in lakh 26000 27386
7.
Development of reservoirs and
rivers
342.00 342.00 Seed stocking – St Fry (All Source) in lakh 12472 14052
Fish production (All Source) M.T 529426 537889
8. Education and Training 204.50 204.50 10 Days training BF 7200 7200
3 Days training BF 10000 9808
Out of state study tour BF 736 736
B. State sector plan scheme
10. Fishermen Co-operative 419.60 378.68
Subsidy to FMCS
No of
society 288 282
Subsidy to C.G.Fish.Federation No 01 01
11. Fisheries research and aquarium 8.00 4.00 aquarium and exibition Distt 05 05
12. Fisheries Extension 963.20 698.31
Assistance to retailers, Prawn culture,
Seed Rearing, Fingerling stocking in
ponds
B.F. 10161 10161
13. Smt. Bilashabai Award 1.00 1.00 Prize B.F. 01 01
14. Grant (Fisheries College) 555.14 274.27 Fishery College No. 01 01
15. Fish Deases treatment 5.00 5.00 Treatment Distt. 27 27
Total 3049.44 2456.19
Grand Total A+B+C 9120.13 7330.02

14. Fish Seed Production in Chhattisgarh
 Seed is one of the critical input for development of any system and the same is true for aquaculture The state ranks
Fifth in India in seed production. With the production of 28,805.29 lakh standard fry.(source DoF C.G 2020-21)
 A report informs that about 25 crore fish seeds were produced in 2001-02, which has gone up to 135 crore fish seeds in
the year 2015-16 (anon )
 Durg district rank first on fish seed production , followed by Kanker, Rajnandgaon.
Fig 1. Top Ten districts according to seed production 2020-21. (source Department of Fisheries Chhattisgarh.)
S.No District Achivement
1. Durg 5787.15
2. Kanker 5475.51
3. Rajnandgaon 2965.60
4. Dhamtari 2176.00
5. Balod 1716.42
6. Raipur 1562.16
7. Janjgir 744.48
8. Jagdalpur 704.40
9. Bilaspur 606.16
10. Kabirdham 597.85

15.  The state has 69 hatcheries to satisfy the seed demand of state.
Fig 2. Fish seed hatcheries in Chhattisgarh (Source from Department of Fisheries Chhattisgarh.)
 Maximum numbers of frys are produced by private sectors (25001.08 lakh) then State Department
(3112.24 lakh) and Fedration (691.97 lakh).
Fig 3. Standard fry production in Chhattisgarh 2020-21.(Source from Department of Fisheries Chhattisgarh.)
S.No Particulars Circularhatchery Fish seed farm Rearing pond
Number Water
area
(ha)
Number Water
area
(ha)
Nmuber Water
area
(ha)
1. State
Department
34 77.02 38 46.63 589 153.29
2. Fish Fedration 9 39.69 01 0.50 05 1.0
3. Privatesector 26 78.00 21 28.93 127 53.29
Total 69 194.41 60 76.06 721 207.58
0
10000
20000
30000
State
Department
Fedration Private
3112.24lakh 691.97 lakh
25001.08 lakh
Standard Fry Production
Stabdard Fry Production

16.  There are 60 Carp hatcheries, 6 Mangur hatcheries, 2 Pangasius hatcheries, 1 Monosex Tilapia hatchery under all
categories.
Fig 4. Percentage of hatcheries in Chhattisgarh.
 The State Government of Chhattisgarh has encouraged to construct small ponds on private land under "Drought relief
programme" which has been a move for increasing the area under fish production. It is expected that this additional
water area will prove a boon to fish seed rearing and fish culture programmes.
Carp hatcheries
87%
Mangur
hatcheries
9%
pangasius
hatcheries
3%
Monosex
Tilapia
hatcheries
1%
HATCHERIES IN CHHATTISGARH

17. Species Cultured and diversification
 Indian major carps are predominantly cultured, however minor carps, barbs and catfish categories of
fishes also find a place.
 Major species cultured are Rohu (Labeo rohita), Catla(Catla catla) ,Mrigal (Cirrhinus
mrigala),Grass Carp(Ctenopharyngodon idella) ,Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio),Silver Carp
(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix).
 In recent years,attempts have been to develop the culture of fish like Pangasius, Climbing perch
(Anabas testudineus) and Murrels(Channa sp.). The other species cultured is monosex tilapia(hybrid
of O. hornorum with O. mossambicus or O.niloticus).
Fig 5. Indian Major carps and Minor Craps.

18. Prevailing culture systems
 Composite carp culture with three Indian major carps and three exotic carps viz. common carp,
silver carp and grass carp forms the basis for carp polyculture system practiced by farmers in the
state.
 Monosex and monoculture of tilapia was initiated by the Department of Fisheries (DoF), in Motitalav
of Jagadalpur district on trial basis. DoF initiative cultured monosex tilapia species is a hybrid of O.
hornorum with O. mossambicus or O. niloticus.
Fig 6. Indian Major Carps and Minor Carps. Fig 7. Monosex Tilapia.

19.  M. K. Fisheries, Raipur have established the tilapia hatchery for seed production.
 The state has also adopted the cage culture technology at Sarodha reservoir in
Kabirdham district in 2011-12 under National Mission for Protein Supplements Scheme.
Fig 8. Cage culture , Kawardha, Chhattisgarh.

20. Status of Fish Productivity in Chhattisgarh
 Data resource from state indicate the average fish production in rural pond production is
3287kg/hac/year against the national average of 2200kg/hac/year and the average production of
reservoir is 222kg/hac/year against national average 48Kg/hac/year.(DOF 2019-20).
 In addition to that state is near to the potential yield of reservoir at national level being 250 kg/hac/year.
 Comparing the national average the productivity of fish in the state is higher than the national average .
 Some progressive farmers in the state who are successfully harvesting 8000 to 12000 kg/hac/ carp fish
production and up to 70 tonne pungasius fish production.
Fig 15. Productivity (Source from Department of Fisheries Chhattisgarh.)
S.No Particular Village pond Large
reservoir
Medium
reservoir
Small
reservoir
Average
reservoir
1. National 2200 33 94 174 30
2. State 3287 61.64 94.82 349.80 168.80

21. Fish Production and Productivity is gradually increased due to
 Use of balanced nutritious floating feed, fertilizers, and high density of seed stocking in pond and tank.
 Stocking of large size fingerling(75mm or above) in selected reservoir and pond
 Skill training imparted to fisherman member engaged in reservoirs and ponds for fisheries development
 Fish seed rearing in seasonal pond.
Fig 16. Fish Productivity.

22. Status of Fish production in Chhattisgarh
 Chhattisgarh is now 6th largest producer of inland fish and 5th largest producer of fish
seed in india
 Chhattisgarh contribute almost 2 percent of country inland fish production which is
encouraging for the state to enhance the same to generate more livelihood for its people .
 State fish is mostly cultured based in which major carp fish group play a leading role.
Fig 9. Indian Major Carps.

23.  Availability of 88671 ponds covering 1.083 lakhs hectare water area is the main asset on which
culture fishes rest .
 Fish production ha increased from 3.4 lakh tonne in 2015--16 to 5.77 lakh tonne in 2020-21 and
recorded average growth rate 315% (DOF)
Fig 10. Fish Production Growth in Chhattisgarh.
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21
3.42 3.77
4.57 4.89 5.37 5.77
Production in Lakh Tonne
production

24.  Top 10 district of this state contribute 69 percent of total fish production are Jangir ,Mahasamund,
Rajnandgaon, Raigarh, Balodabajar ,Raipur, Bilaspur ,Dhamtari , Korba ,Balod.
Fig 11. Top 10 District fish production in Chhattisgarh 2020-21.(Source from Department of FisheriesChhattisgarh.)
S.No District Achivement
1. Balodabazar 48461
2. Mahasamund 47795
3. Raipur 45879
4. Kanker 439946
5. Janjgir 39946
6. Bilaspur 39891
7. Rajnandgaon 364497
8. Raigarh 35184
9. Balod 32656
10. Bemetara 230337

25. Resource wise contribution in production in Chhattisgarh 2020-21
Fig 12. Fish production resources 2020-21.( Source DoF Chhattisgarh.) Fig 13. Fish production resources shares in (%).
S.No Sources Fish Production (Mt)
1. Rural pond 5,54,253
2. Irrigation tank 18,629
3. River 4,482
Total 5,77,364 Rural pond
96%
Irrigation tank
3%
River
1%
SHARE IN PRODUCTION

26. Species wise Inland Fish landing by Chhattisgarh in 2020-21 ( in lakh tonnes)
Fig 14. Fish landing in Chhattisgarh 2020-21. (Source Department of Fisheries Chhattisgarh.)
Fig 15. Fish landing in Chhattisgarh 2020-21 (in percentage).
S.No Major Carp
(Catla, Rohu,
Mrigal)
Minor
Carp
Exotic
Carp
Murrels
(Ophioce
phalus
sp)
Catfishes
(Wallago
attu,
Pangasius
)
Other
Fresh
Water
Species
Total
1. 4.32 0.05 0.52 0.01 0.43 0.39 5.72
Major carp
(Catla,
Rohu,Mrig al)
75.5%
Minor carp
0.9%
Exotic carp
9.1%
Murrels
0.2%
Catfishes
(Wallagu
attu,Pangassiu
s)
7.5%
Other fresh
water species
6.8%
Landing (lakh tonne )
Major carp (Catla, Rohu,Mrig al)
Minor carp
Exotic carp
Murrels
(Ophiocephalus sp)
Catfishes (Wallagu attu,Pangassius)
Other fresh water species

27.  Per capita consumption in Chhattisgarh in 2019-20 is 4.66 kg /per capita (Handbook of
fisheries statistics)
 Across the literature from the department of fisheries indicates that the Rashtriya Krishi
Vikas Yojana (RKVY) which is implemented in 2007 that project had clear impact in
Chhattisgarh fisheries growth rate which is more than 30.97% in every year.
Fig 16. Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (2007).

28. District wise fish production
(Department of Fisheries Chhattisgarh 2020-21)

29. Leasing Policy for water resources in Chhattisgarh
 Leasing policy has a better say in aquaculture.
 That it is understood that although in many states in order to have secured access over
water bodies by the fisher communities lease period has been mentioned as 5 years.
 The state Chhattisgarh has a unique leasing policy which has been supportive for the
fisheries development of the state.

30. Leasing policy of the state
 Water resource – less than 10 ha water bodies.
 Authority to lease out – Gram Panchayat .
 Duration – 10 years.
 Rs. 1500/- ha/year.
Fig 1. Water area less then 10 ha area.

31.  Water resource – 10 -100 ha water bodies.
 Authority to lease out – Janpad Panchayat .
 Duration – 10 years.
 Rs. 3000/- ha/year.
Fig 2. Water Bodie 10-100 ha area.

32.  Water resource – 100 - 200 ha water bodies.
 Authority to lease out – Zila Panchayat.
 Duration – 10 years.
 Rs. 5000/- ha/year.
Fig 3. Water bodie 100-200 ha area.

33.  Water resource – 200 - 1000 ha water bodies.
 Authority to lease out – Department of Fisheries .
 Duration – 10 years.
 For Reservoirs- Rs 1500/ha/year.
Fig 4. Water bodie 200-1000 ha area.

34.  Water resource – 1000 - 5000 ha water bodies.
 Authority to lease out – Fisheries Federation .
 Duration – 10 years
 Water bodies more then 5000 ha are under the authority to lease out by Dept. of
Fisheries on royalty basis with 10% increase in initial lease amount every third year for
10 years duration.
Fig 5. Water bodie 1000-5000 ha area.

35. Why Chhattisgarh is Prominent in Aquaculture
 There has been a huge jump of fish seed production in the state which is due to the spurt of
private entrepreneurs who have entered into the business.
Fig1. This figure shows the fish production growth in Chhattisgarh (Source Department of Fisheries Chhattisgarh.)
 Government policy to lease out the public hatcheries was also another factor.
Fig2. This figure shows Government hatcheries.
0
5
10
2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21
3.42
lakh
tone
3.77
lakh
tone
4.57
lakh
tone
4.89
lakh
tone
5.37
lakh
tone
5.77
lakh
tone
Fish Production Growth
production

36.  Use of floating fish feeds will save 10-20% money of farmers as compare to sinking fish feed,
which is highly useful in feed waste control.
Fig3. This figure shows the floating feed.
 Input based Aquaculture where Feed is the critical input across the culture systems (tanks, ponds
and reservoirs) that boosts the fish production in the state.
Fig4. This figure shows the input based culture eg: pond culture.

37.  Government supplies fingerlings to the other reservoirs and ponds of our country which came as a boon for the
state.
Fig 5. This figure shows the fish seed transportation.
 Government has provided assistance to fish farmers engaged in reservoirs and ponds for fisheries development so that
they can build their capacity which is an important input for scientific farming.
 The extension workers of the Department of Fisheries have been trained in the latest scientific management practice
which also play’s a major role in providing advices to farmers of our state.
Fig 6. Fisheries College Chhattisgarh.

38.  The implementation of schemes like Rastriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) 2007.(creation of new
water bodies, establishment of hatcheries, strengthening the government owned hatcheries, expanding
seed rearing areas etc)that project have made great impact upon Chhattisgarh Fisheries growth more
than 30.97% in every year.
Fig 7. Rastriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) 2007.
 In addition to that the best practices adopted in the state were cage culture in reservoirs, pangasius
and tilapia culture in ponds, construction of ponds, seed production In seasonal ponds and mapping of
small water bodies for fish culture also play’s an important role fisheries development in Chhattisgarh.
Fig 8. This figure shows the Cage culture farm of Chhattisgarh.

39.  The Blue Revolution scheme (1985-1990) was launched by The Government of
India during the 7th Five year plan their main aim is to enhance the production and
productivity of Aquaculture and Fisheries both from inland and marine sector.
Promoting an encouraging the economically backward sections like the Scheduled
Castes, Sheduled Tribes farmers towards fishing.
Fig 9. Blue Revolution scheme (1985-1990).

40. Factors responsible for the prominence of Aquaculture in
Chhattisgarh
 maximum utilization on resources.
Fig 10. This figure the utilization of feed resources in Chhattisgarh.
 Inroduction and culture of high valued fish species.
Fig 11. Major Fishes Cultured in Chhattisgarh.
fish
source
utilized
95%
fish
source not
utilized
5%
FISH SOURCE UTILIZATION

41.  Government scheme where water resources are made available to the farmer who have land area less
then 1 ha.
Fig 12. This figure shows small pond less then 1 ha.
 Increased lease period of community ponds minimum upto 10 years.
Fig 13. This figure shows leasing agreement.

42.  Increasing interest and involvement of private sectors.
Fig 14. Private fisheries sector.
 Pakhanjore region of our state has adopted an innovative approach in culture and marketing that makes
difference from other states eg: Road side live fish selling vendors.
Fig 15. Live fish selling in market.

43.  Providing prize and awards to individual or fishermen Co-operative society which has done
extraordinary work.
Fig 16. Fishermen get awarded for their work
 Providing helpful Fisheries schemes and policy to expand Aquaculture.
Fig 17. Rastiya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) 2007.

44. Conclusion
 The project work concludes that adoption of scientific management with helpful government support
has made Chhattisgarh fisheries prominent in country . Expansion of area under Aquaculture in the state
has been in a progress in increasing seed production ,Adoption of best aquaculture practices that are
mention plays important role in Fisheries development in our state . At present more then 2.4 lakh
fish farmers in the state are involved in various fisheries activities generating more then 150.14 lakh
employment annualy fisheries department . Government schemes helps in terms of inputs, technology
and disease management for further progress in Fisheries department in our state .Along with this
government is also focusing on non-food fisheries activities specially in Pearl farming (Jai Maa
Santoshi Women self help group of Jagdalpur, Chhattisgarh) and Ornamental fish farming(KVK
Raipur, Chhattisgarh).

45. Reference
 Anonymous. Corporate link to fish production in Chhattisgarh. Business Standard. http://www.business- standard.com/article/current-
affairs/corporate-link-to- fish-production-in-chhattisgarh-115020800748_1.html., 2015;
 DAHDF (Department of Animal Husbandry Dairy and Fisheries) Annual Report 2016-17.Government of India. New Delhi, 2017.
 Sharma AP, Sarkar UK, Mishal P, Karnatak G, Das AK. Present status, potential and prospects of cage culture for fisheries enhancement in
Indian Reservoirs. In Book of Abstracts of the 5th International Symposium on Cage Aquaculture in Asia, 25-28 November, 2015, Asian
Fisheries Society: 2015, 59.
 FARDD (Fisheries and Animal Resources Development Department). Fisheries Policy of Odisha, the Odisha Gazette, No. 10676-4FY-(M)-62-
2015/FARD: 2015, 34.
 Mishra N. A study on the issues of the inland fisheries and the policy framework governing the sector, Indian
water Portal.
 http://www.indiawaterportal.org/articles/study-issues- inland-fisheries-and-policy-framework-governing-sector.
2012;
 Anonymous, Directorate of Fisheries, Government of Chhattisgarh. Machali Palan Varshik Prativedan. 2016- 17,
34.
 Bhendarkar MP, Gajbhiye AM, Chaudhari KJ, Laxmi, Rathod RH. An Assessment of Entrepreneurship
Behaviour of Fisherwomen in the Ratnagiri block of Ratnagiri District, Maharashtra State, India. Asian Journal
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48. THANK YOU