This slide deck is from a workshop that took place at the UNC Chapel Hill Davis Library Research Hub.
Collecting data is now easier than it has ever been. But, as data becomes more prolific, datasets become larger and more complex. How do we find meaningful patterns in our data? How can we communicate those patterns to others? Data visualization allows us to make sense of today’s ever evolving information landscape.
This workshop will introduce the history and basic principles of data visualization. Learn about best practices and resources for making an impact with your data through compelling charts, graphs and maps.
Venez découvrir en une heure et demi une trousse à outils conceptuelle pour mieux mettre en perspective les tendances actuelles et imaginer les trajectoires potentielles de notre futur proche.
Le futur est toujours plus rapide à s'imposer à nous, toujours plus changeant, plus impactant, toujours moins prévisible.
Qui peut encore dire s’il sera sombre ou ensoleillé ?
Alors que les promesses d’internet sont de plus en plus fascinantes, qu’il entre dans les objets quotidiens, la logistique, l’énergie, la manufacture d’objets et même dans nos corps, le monde contemporain est traversé par des crises qui suscitent de plus en plus d’angoisse : écologie, transition sociétale, instabilité économique, pic pétrolier, perte d’autodétermination et de libertés civiques…
A la croisée de tous ces chemins, notre esprit, notre attention, assistées ou non de l’intelligence artificielle et des smartphones, sont au cœur de tous les enjeux politiques et économiques : les leaders, les institutions, les réseaux sociaux, Google, les professionnels de la communication, tout le monde veut savoir ce que les citoyens-utilisateurs ont dans la tête et quels sont les meilleurs moyens de les influencer. Parfois pour le meilleur, mais pas forcément toujours.
Let's explore a way to measure anything (based on the book: How to measure anything by Douglas W. Hubbard) and use that knowledge as input for your Cost of Delay calculation.
Type Discussion BoardUnit Societal ChangesDue Date Sun, 9.docxmarilucorr
Type: Discussion Board
Unit: Societal Changes
Due Date: Sun, 9/21/16
Deliverable Length: 4-5 paragraphs
The mosque built by Muslim residents in the town of Unitas was recently vandalized. Derogatory remarks were spray painted on the front of the mosque, such as "Go home, al-Qaeda." The police have made it a priority to find the vandals and will most likely prosecute the issue as a hate crime. The Muslim community is understandably outraged, and the mayor would like to make a public statement to address their concerns and show support for their community.
Discuss the following issues:
· What types of issues have Muslims in the United States faced, especially since September 11? Be sure to give specific examples.
· Research how communities and leaders have addressed anti-Muslim sentiment or actions to present some specific suggestions regarding actions that the town can take to reassure the Muslim community in Unitas and promote religious tolerance.
· What are hate crime statutes, and what are the goals of hate crime statutes?
· What would be gained by prosecuting this crime as a hate crime? Use research and examples to support your opinion.
Math 273
Abstract I: 50 points
Read the attached article and write a one-page,
double-spaced abstract. It should state the main
conclusions of the article, summarize the evidence, and
evaluate the article for the strength of its argument. It
really should be no more than 1 page.
In the grading, length, accuracy and clarity of
presentation, grammar and spelling will all be considered.
Epigraphs:
1. There are three kinds of lies:
Lies, damned lies, and statistics.
Benjamin Disraeli, 19th century
prime minister of England
2. Round numbers are always false.
Samuel Johnson, English author
3. Get your facts first and then you
can distort ‘em as much as you
please.
Mark Twain, American humorist
and author.
4. He uses statistics as a drunken
man uses lampposts— for
support rather than illumination.
Andrew Lang, Scottish author
Article:
Lies, Damned Lies, and
Statistics
By Aaron Tenenbein, Stern School of
Business, in Sternbusiness
Why are all of these people
poking fun at statistics? On the surface
two plus two is always equal to four.
The problem isn’t the numbers.
The problem comes with interpreting
those numbers. While there are hundreds
of ways in which statistics can be
interpreted, the mistakes come in two
basic flavors. Either the study designed
to collect the numbers was faulty or the
numbers collected were just fine; but
someone either accidentally or on
purpose misinterpreted the numbers.
The results can be funny and
embarrassing.
Faulty Survey Design: The
Presidential Election of 1936
In 1936 the Republican
candidate, Alfred Landon, ran for
president against the incumbent,
Franklin, Delano Roosevelt. The
Literary Digest, a magazine which was
published in the 1930s, had accurately
predicted the previous four ...
This slide deck is from a workshop that took place at the UNC Chapel Hill Davis Library Research Hub.
Collecting data is now easier than it has ever been. But, as data becomes more prolific, datasets become larger and more complex. How do we find meaningful patterns in our data? How can we communicate those patterns to others? Data visualization allows us to make sense of today’s ever evolving information landscape.
This workshop will introduce the history and basic principles of data visualization. Learn about best practices and resources for making an impact with your data through compelling charts, graphs and maps.
Venez découvrir en une heure et demi une trousse à outils conceptuelle pour mieux mettre en perspective les tendances actuelles et imaginer les trajectoires potentielles de notre futur proche.
Le futur est toujours plus rapide à s'imposer à nous, toujours plus changeant, plus impactant, toujours moins prévisible.
Qui peut encore dire s’il sera sombre ou ensoleillé ?
Alors que les promesses d’internet sont de plus en plus fascinantes, qu’il entre dans les objets quotidiens, la logistique, l’énergie, la manufacture d’objets et même dans nos corps, le monde contemporain est traversé par des crises qui suscitent de plus en plus d’angoisse : écologie, transition sociétale, instabilité économique, pic pétrolier, perte d’autodétermination et de libertés civiques…
A la croisée de tous ces chemins, notre esprit, notre attention, assistées ou non de l’intelligence artificielle et des smartphones, sont au cœur de tous les enjeux politiques et économiques : les leaders, les institutions, les réseaux sociaux, Google, les professionnels de la communication, tout le monde veut savoir ce que les citoyens-utilisateurs ont dans la tête et quels sont les meilleurs moyens de les influencer. Parfois pour le meilleur, mais pas forcément toujours.
Let's explore a way to measure anything (based on the book: How to measure anything by Douglas W. Hubbard) and use that knowledge as input for your Cost of Delay calculation.
Type Discussion BoardUnit Societal ChangesDue Date Sun, 9.docxmarilucorr
Type: Discussion Board
Unit: Societal Changes
Due Date: Sun, 9/21/16
Deliverable Length: 4-5 paragraphs
The mosque built by Muslim residents in the town of Unitas was recently vandalized. Derogatory remarks were spray painted on the front of the mosque, such as "Go home, al-Qaeda." The police have made it a priority to find the vandals and will most likely prosecute the issue as a hate crime. The Muslim community is understandably outraged, and the mayor would like to make a public statement to address their concerns and show support for their community.
Discuss the following issues:
· What types of issues have Muslims in the United States faced, especially since September 11? Be sure to give specific examples.
· Research how communities and leaders have addressed anti-Muslim sentiment or actions to present some specific suggestions regarding actions that the town can take to reassure the Muslim community in Unitas and promote religious tolerance.
· What are hate crime statutes, and what are the goals of hate crime statutes?
· What would be gained by prosecuting this crime as a hate crime? Use research and examples to support your opinion.
Math 273
Abstract I: 50 points
Read the attached article and write a one-page,
double-spaced abstract. It should state the main
conclusions of the article, summarize the evidence, and
evaluate the article for the strength of its argument. It
really should be no more than 1 page.
In the grading, length, accuracy and clarity of
presentation, grammar and spelling will all be considered.
Epigraphs:
1. There are three kinds of lies:
Lies, damned lies, and statistics.
Benjamin Disraeli, 19th century
prime minister of England
2. Round numbers are always false.
Samuel Johnson, English author
3. Get your facts first and then you
can distort ‘em as much as you
please.
Mark Twain, American humorist
and author.
4. He uses statistics as a drunken
man uses lampposts— for
support rather than illumination.
Andrew Lang, Scottish author
Article:
Lies, Damned Lies, and
Statistics
By Aaron Tenenbein, Stern School of
Business, in Sternbusiness
Why are all of these people
poking fun at statistics? On the surface
two plus two is always equal to four.
The problem isn’t the numbers.
The problem comes with interpreting
those numbers. While there are hundreds
of ways in which statistics can be
interpreted, the mistakes come in two
basic flavors. Either the study designed
to collect the numbers was faulty or the
numbers collected were just fine; but
someone either accidentally or on
purpose misinterpreted the numbers.
The results can be funny and
embarrassing.
Faulty Survey Design: The
Presidential Election of 1936
In 1936 the Republican
candidate, Alfred Landon, ran for
president against the incumbent,
Franklin, Delano Roosevelt. The
Literary Digest, a magazine which was
published in the 1930s, had accurately
predicted the previous four ...
PAGE 1Name______________________________HOW DO POPULAT.docxalfred4lewis58146
PAGE
1
Name:______________________________
HOW DO POPULATIONS GROW?
Student Guide
Thomas Austin was an Englishman who migrated to southern Australia to farm the land. His property, Barwon Park was located near Winchelsea, Victoria. In October of 1859, homesick for his homeland and the hunting he used to enjoy, Thomas enlisted his nephew, William Austin who still resided in England, to send two dozen wild English rabbits, which Thomas then released onto his land. Thomas dismissed the act as benign, not realizing the drastic consequences of his actions. Due to the well-known prolific nature of rabbits, and the suitability of the Australian climate, within 6 years, this population of 24 rabbits had increased to 22 million. By the 1930’s, Australia’s rabbit populations were estimated to exceed 750 million! How did the populations grow so large, so quickly? And what might the consequences be on the local ecosystem?
Procedure
1. Select a partner to work with and obtain 10 pennies. The pennies represent 10 individual rabbits in a population. Place the pennies in a container and shake them up. Pour them out onto a table. Each penny that lands with a tail showing represents a rabbit that gets to produce an offspring that is added to the original population of 10. [So chances are that approximately five individuals got to reproduce and your new population contains about 15 individuals (i.e., about 15 pennies)]. Now remove 10% of your population representing individuals that have died. Round down if the number is not an integer.
2. Repeat this procedure several times until the rabbit population exceeds 100 individuals. After each episode of births and deaths (i.e., after each “generation”), record the population size (i.e., the total number of pennies) in the chart below. Also record the Idealized population size (given that exactly half of your individuals reproduced each generation with NO ONE dying—go ahead and report the idealized numbers in decimals, but only keep two decimals. I’ve gotten it started for you.)
Flip/Generation Number
Experimental
Population Size
Idealized
Population Size (no death)
0
10
10
1
15
2
22.5
3
33.75
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
3. Using the graph on the next page, plot population size (on the y axis) versus flip/generation number (on the x axis). Use the data on your graph to determine the slope during each time interval (REMEMBER: slope is the change in y over the change in x, or rise over run; i.e., slope = (y/(x). Record the slopes below.
Interval
Slope
Between generations 0 and 1
Between generations 1 and 2
Between generations 2 and 3
Between generations 3 and 4
Between generations 4 and 5
Between generations 5 and 6
Between generations 6 and 7
Between generations 7 and 8
.
(2-3)Income StatementMolteni Motors Inc. recently reported $6 mi.docxmayank272369
(2-3)Income Statement
Molteni Motors Inc. recently reported $6 million of net income. Its EBIT was $13 million, and its tax rate was 40%. What was its interest expense? (Hint: Write out the headings for an income statement, and then fill in the known values. Then divide $6 million net income by 1 − T = 0.6 to find the pre-tax income. The difference between EBIT and taxable income must be the interest expense. Use this procedure to work some of the other problems.)
(2-5)Net Cash Flow
Kendall Corners Inc. recently reported net income of $3.1 million and depreciation of $500,000. What was its net cash flow? Assume it had no amortization expense.
(2-6) Statement of Retained Earnings
In its most recent financial statements, Del-Castillo Inc. reported $70 million of net income and $900 million of retained earnings. The previous retained earnings were $855 million. How much in dividends did the firm pay to shareholders during the year?
(3-2) Debt Ratio
Vigo Vacations has $200 million in total assets, $5 million in notes payable, and $25 million in long-term debt. What is the debt ratio?
(3-4) Price/Earnings Ratio
Reno Revolvers has an EPS of $1.50, a cash flow per share of $3.00, and a price/cash flow ratio of 8.0. What is its P/E ratio?
(3-5) ROE
Needham Pharmaceuticals has a profit margin of 3% and an equity multiplier of 2.0. Its sales are $100 million and it has total assets of $50 million. What is its ROE?
(3-8) Profit Margin and Debt Ratio
Assume you are given the following relationships for the Haslam Corporation:
Sales/total assets 1.2
Return on assets (ROA) 4%
Return on equity (ROE) 7%
Calculate Haslam’s profit margin and liabilities-to-assets ratio. Suppose half its liabilities are in the form of debt. Calculate the debt-to-assets ratio.
(3-9) Current and Quick Ratios
The Nelson Company has $1,312,500 in current assets and $525,000 in current liabilities. Its initial inventory level is $375,000, and it will raise funds as additional notes payable and use them to increase inventory. How much can Nelson’s short-term debt (notes payable) increase without pushing its current ratio below 2.0? What will be the firm’s quick ratio after Nelson has raised the maximum amount of short-term funds?
(3-10) Times-Interest-Earned Ratio
The Morris Corporation has $600,000 of debt outstanding, and it pays an interest rate of 8% annually. Morris’s annual sales are $3 million, its average tax rate is 40%, and its net profit margin on sales is 3%. If the company does not maintain a TIE ratio of at least 5 to 1, then its bank will refuse to renew the loan and bankruptcy will result. What is Morris’s TIE ratio?
(4-6) Future Value: Ordinary Annuity versus Annuity Due
What is the future value of a 7%, 5-year ordinary annuity that pays $300 each year? If this were an annuity due, what would its future value be?
(4-10) Present and Future, Values of Single Cash, Flows for Different, Interest Rates
What is the future v ...
Math 273 Abstract I 50 points Read the attached .docxandreecapon
Math 273
Abstract I: 50 points
Read the attached article and write a one-page,
double-spaced abstract. It should state the main
conclusions of the article, summarize the evidence, and
evaluate the article for the strength of its argument. It
really should be no more than 1 page.
In the grading, length, accuracy and clarity of
presentation, grammar and spelling will all be considered.
Epigraphs:
1. There are three kinds of lies:
Lies, damned lies, and statistics.
Benjamin Disraeli, 19th century
prime minister of England
2. Round numbers are always false.
Samuel Johnson, English author
3. Get your facts first and then you
can distort ‘em as much as you
please.
Mark Twain, American humorist
and author.
4. He uses statistics as a drunken
man uses lampposts— for
support rather than illumination.
Andrew Lang, Scottish author
Article:
Lies, Damned Lies, and
Statistics
By Aaron Tenenbein, Stern School of
Business, in Sternbusiness
Why are all of these people
poking fun at statistics? On the surface
two plus two is always equal to four.
The problem isn’t the numbers.
The problem comes with interpreting
those numbers. While there are hundreds
of ways in which statistics can be
interpreted, the mistakes come in two
basic flavors. Either the study designed
to collect the numbers was faulty or the
numbers collected were just fine; but
someone either accidentally or on
purpose misinterpreted the numbers.
The results can be funny and
embarrassing.
Faulty Survey Design: The
Presidential Election of 1936
In 1936 the Republican
candidate, Alfred Landon, ran for
president against the incumbent,
Franklin, Delano Roosevelt. The
Literary Digest, a magazine which was
published in the 1930s, had accurately
predicted the previous four presidential
elections. The same methodology was
used and predicted that Landon would be
the next President. The Literary Digest
was terribly wrong. Landon only carried
Maine and Vermont. Roosevelt won in a
landslide.
What went wrong?
The problem was the way in
which The Literary Digest drew its
sample, which included Literary Digest
subscribers, telephone owners and
people who owned cars. This produced a
bias towards higher income groups
which, in 1936, voted Republican in
higher percentages than lower income
groups. In the midst of the Depression,
there were not a lot of people with
money, as Landon learned the hard way.
There is an interesting postscript
to this election. Before the 1936
elections, there had been a saying, “As
Maine goes, so goes the nation.” After
all, in all previous elections, the
candidate who carried Maine won the
Presidential election. This trend stopped
in the 1936 election with Landon only
carrying Maine and Vermont. As a
result, the saying became: “As Maine
goes, so goes Vermont.”
Errors in Interpreting Correct
Data: The Ad for PLAX
An ad for the mouthwash PLAX,
claimed that PLAX red ...
GUESTIMATE methods are a combination of mathematics, statistics and common sense of getting meaningful results for decision making.
The most famous approach was suggested by Enrico Fermi. Mr. Fermi was convinced that an error of order of magnitude (up to ten times) can be accepted for certain problems.
There are many useful results can be obtained by using probability estimation.
Expected values are largely used in economics, business, finance, and opportunity choice.
Old fashion rule of thumb is a widely used approach among non-mathematicians.
Certain results can be obtained if we consider either limits or average values of variables.
Renowned entrepreneur and star investor Jim Mellon shares his investing ethos as well as predictions for the next 'money fountain'.
'An evening with Jim Mellon' was held by Syndicate Room, in partnership with Master Investor, City A.M., UKBAA, London South East and BDO. The event took place in London on 24 November 2016.
PAGE 1Name______________________________HOW DO POPULAT.docxalfred4lewis58146
PAGE
1
Name:______________________________
HOW DO POPULATIONS GROW?
Student Guide
Thomas Austin was an Englishman who migrated to southern Australia to farm the land. His property, Barwon Park was located near Winchelsea, Victoria. In October of 1859, homesick for his homeland and the hunting he used to enjoy, Thomas enlisted his nephew, William Austin who still resided in England, to send two dozen wild English rabbits, which Thomas then released onto his land. Thomas dismissed the act as benign, not realizing the drastic consequences of his actions. Due to the well-known prolific nature of rabbits, and the suitability of the Australian climate, within 6 years, this population of 24 rabbits had increased to 22 million. By the 1930’s, Australia’s rabbit populations were estimated to exceed 750 million! How did the populations grow so large, so quickly? And what might the consequences be on the local ecosystem?
Procedure
1. Select a partner to work with and obtain 10 pennies. The pennies represent 10 individual rabbits in a population. Place the pennies in a container and shake them up. Pour them out onto a table. Each penny that lands with a tail showing represents a rabbit that gets to produce an offspring that is added to the original population of 10. [So chances are that approximately five individuals got to reproduce and your new population contains about 15 individuals (i.e., about 15 pennies)]. Now remove 10% of your population representing individuals that have died. Round down if the number is not an integer.
2. Repeat this procedure several times until the rabbit population exceeds 100 individuals. After each episode of births and deaths (i.e., after each “generation”), record the population size (i.e., the total number of pennies) in the chart below. Also record the Idealized population size (given that exactly half of your individuals reproduced each generation with NO ONE dying—go ahead and report the idealized numbers in decimals, but only keep two decimals. I’ve gotten it started for you.)
Flip/Generation Number
Experimental
Population Size
Idealized
Population Size (no death)
0
10
10
1
15
2
22.5
3
33.75
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
3. Using the graph on the next page, plot population size (on the y axis) versus flip/generation number (on the x axis). Use the data on your graph to determine the slope during each time interval (REMEMBER: slope is the change in y over the change in x, or rise over run; i.e., slope = (y/(x). Record the slopes below.
Interval
Slope
Between generations 0 and 1
Between generations 1 and 2
Between generations 2 and 3
Between generations 3 and 4
Between generations 4 and 5
Between generations 5 and 6
Between generations 6 and 7
Between generations 7 and 8
.
(2-3)Income StatementMolteni Motors Inc. recently reported $6 mi.docxmayank272369
(2-3)Income Statement
Molteni Motors Inc. recently reported $6 million of net income. Its EBIT was $13 million, and its tax rate was 40%. What was its interest expense? (Hint: Write out the headings for an income statement, and then fill in the known values. Then divide $6 million net income by 1 − T = 0.6 to find the pre-tax income. The difference between EBIT and taxable income must be the interest expense. Use this procedure to work some of the other problems.)
(2-5)Net Cash Flow
Kendall Corners Inc. recently reported net income of $3.1 million and depreciation of $500,000. What was its net cash flow? Assume it had no amortization expense.
(2-6) Statement of Retained Earnings
In its most recent financial statements, Del-Castillo Inc. reported $70 million of net income and $900 million of retained earnings. The previous retained earnings were $855 million. How much in dividends did the firm pay to shareholders during the year?
(3-2) Debt Ratio
Vigo Vacations has $200 million in total assets, $5 million in notes payable, and $25 million in long-term debt. What is the debt ratio?
(3-4) Price/Earnings Ratio
Reno Revolvers has an EPS of $1.50, a cash flow per share of $3.00, and a price/cash flow ratio of 8.0. What is its P/E ratio?
(3-5) ROE
Needham Pharmaceuticals has a profit margin of 3% and an equity multiplier of 2.0. Its sales are $100 million and it has total assets of $50 million. What is its ROE?
(3-8) Profit Margin and Debt Ratio
Assume you are given the following relationships for the Haslam Corporation:
Sales/total assets 1.2
Return on assets (ROA) 4%
Return on equity (ROE) 7%
Calculate Haslam’s profit margin and liabilities-to-assets ratio. Suppose half its liabilities are in the form of debt. Calculate the debt-to-assets ratio.
(3-9) Current and Quick Ratios
The Nelson Company has $1,312,500 in current assets and $525,000 in current liabilities. Its initial inventory level is $375,000, and it will raise funds as additional notes payable and use them to increase inventory. How much can Nelson’s short-term debt (notes payable) increase without pushing its current ratio below 2.0? What will be the firm’s quick ratio after Nelson has raised the maximum amount of short-term funds?
(3-10) Times-Interest-Earned Ratio
The Morris Corporation has $600,000 of debt outstanding, and it pays an interest rate of 8% annually. Morris’s annual sales are $3 million, its average tax rate is 40%, and its net profit margin on sales is 3%. If the company does not maintain a TIE ratio of at least 5 to 1, then its bank will refuse to renew the loan and bankruptcy will result. What is Morris’s TIE ratio?
(4-6) Future Value: Ordinary Annuity versus Annuity Due
What is the future value of a 7%, 5-year ordinary annuity that pays $300 each year? If this were an annuity due, what would its future value be?
(4-10) Present and Future, Values of Single Cash, Flows for Different, Interest Rates
What is the future v ...
Math 273 Abstract I 50 points Read the attached .docxandreecapon
Math 273
Abstract I: 50 points
Read the attached article and write a one-page,
double-spaced abstract. It should state the main
conclusions of the article, summarize the evidence, and
evaluate the article for the strength of its argument. It
really should be no more than 1 page.
In the grading, length, accuracy and clarity of
presentation, grammar and spelling will all be considered.
Epigraphs:
1. There are three kinds of lies:
Lies, damned lies, and statistics.
Benjamin Disraeli, 19th century
prime minister of England
2. Round numbers are always false.
Samuel Johnson, English author
3. Get your facts first and then you
can distort ‘em as much as you
please.
Mark Twain, American humorist
and author.
4. He uses statistics as a drunken
man uses lampposts— for
support rather than illumination.
Andrew Lang, Scottish author
Article:
Lies, Damned Lies, and
Statistics
By Aaron Tenenbein, Stern School of
Business, in Sternbusiness
Why are all of these people
poking fun at statistics? On the surface
two plus two is always equal to four.
The problem isn’t the numbers.
The problem comes with interpreting
those numbers. While there are hundreds
of ways in which statistics can be
interpreted, the mistakes come in two
basic flavors. Either the study designed
to collect the numbers was faulty or the
numbers collected were just fine; but
someone either accidentally or on
purpose misinterpreted the numbers.
The results can be funny and
embarrassing.
Faulty Survey Design: The
Presidential Election of 1936
In 1936 the Republican
candidate, Alfred Landon, ran for
president against the incumbent,
Franklin, Delano Roosevelt. The
Literary Digest, a magazine which was
published in the 1930s, had accurately
predicted the previous four presidential
elections. The same methodology was
used and predicted that Landon would be
the next President. The Literary Digest
was terribly wrong. Landon only carried
Maine and Vermont. Roosevelt won in a
landslide.
What went wrong?
The problem was the way in
which The Literary Digest drew its
sample, which included Literary Digest
subscribers, telephone owners and
people who owned cars. This produced a
bias towards higher income groups
which, in 1936, voted Republican in
higher percentages than lower income
groups. In the midst of the Depression,
there were not a lot of people with
money, as Landon learned the hard way.
There is an interesting postscript
to this election. Before the 1936
elections, there had been a saying, “As
Maine goes, so goes the nation.” After
all, in all previous elections, the
candidate who carried Maine won the
Presidential election. This trend stopped
in the 1936 election with Landon only
carrying Maine and Vermont. As a
result, the saying became: “As Maine
goes, so goes Vermont.”
Errors in Interpreting Correct
Data: The Ad for PLAX
An ad for the mouthwash PLAX,
claimed that PLAX red ...
GUESTIMATE methods are a combination of mathematics, statistics and common sense of getting meaningful results for decision making.
The most famous approach was suggested by Enrico Fermi. Mr. Fermi was convinced that an error of order of magnitude (up to ten times) can be accepted for certain problems.
There are many useful results can be obtained by using probability estimation.
Expected values are largely used in economics, business, finance, and opportunity choice.
Old fashion rule of thumb is a widely used approach among non-mathematicians.
Certain results can be obtained if we consider either limits or average values of variables.
Renowned entrepreneur and star investor Jim Mellon shares his investing ethos as well as predictions for the next 'money fountain'.
'An evening with Jim Mellon' was held by Syndicate Room, in partnership with Master Investor, City A.M., UKBAA, London South East and BDO. The event took place in London on 24 November 2016.
Data Centers - Striving Within A Narrow Range - Research Report - MCG - May 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) expects to see demand and the changing evolution of supply, facilitated through institutional investment rotation out of offices and into work from home (“WFH”), while the ever-expanding need for data storage as global internet usage expands, with experts predicting 5.3 billion users by 2023. These market factors will be underpinned by technological changes, such as progressing cloud services and edge sites, allowing the industry to see strong expected annual growth of 13% over the next 4 years.
Whilst competitive headwinds remain, represented through the recent second bankruptcy filing of Sungard, which blames “COVID-19 and other macroeconomic trends including delayed customer spending decisions, insourcing and reductions in IT spending, energy inflation and reduction in demand for certain services”, the industry has seen key adjustments, where MCG believes that engineering cost management and technological innovation will be paramount to success.
MCG reports that the more favorable market conditions expected over the next few years, helped by the winding down of pandemic restrictions and a hybrid working environment will be driving market momentum forward. The continuous injection of capital by alternative investment firms, as well as the growing infrastructural investment from cloud service providers and social media companies, whose revenues are expected to grow over 3.6x larger by value in 2026, will likely help propel center provision and innovation. These factors paint a promising picture for the industry players that offset rising input costs and adapt to new technologies.
According to M Capital Group: “Specifically, the long-term cost-saving opportunities available from the rise of remote managing will likely aid value growth for the industry. Through margin optimization and further availability of capital for reinvestment, strong players will maintain their competitive foothold, while weaker players exit the market to balance supply and demand.”
06-04-2024 - NYC Tech Week - Discussion on Vector Databases, Unstructured Data and AI
Discussion on Vector Databases, Unstructured Data and AI
https://www.meetup.com/unstructured-data-meetup-new-york/
This meetup is for people working in unstructured data. Speakers will come present about related topics such as vector databases, LLMs, and managing data at scale. The intended audience of this group includes roles like machine learning engineers, data scientists, data engineers, software engineers, and PMs.This meetup was formerly Milvus Meetup, and is sponsored by Zilliz maintainers of Milvus.
Chatty Kathy - UNC Bootcamp Final Project Presentation - Final Version - 5.23...John Andrews
SlideShare Description for "Chatty Kathy - UNC Bootcamp Final Project Presentation"
Title: Chatty Kathy: Enhancing Physical Activity Among Older Adults
Description:
Discover how Chatty Kathy, an innovative project developed at the UNC Bootcamp, aims to tackle the challenge of low physical activity among older adults. Our AI-driven solution uses peer interaction to boost and sustain exercise levels, significantly improving health outcomes. This presentation covers our problem statement, the rationale behind Chatty Kathy, synthetic data and persona creation, model performance metrics, a visual demonstration of the project, and potential future developments. Join us for an insightful Q&A session to explore the potential of this groundbreaking project.
Project Team: Jay Requarth, Jana Avery, John Andrews, Dr. Dick Davis II, Nee Buntoum, Nam Yeongjin & Mat Nicholas
Techniques to optimize the pagerank algorithm usually fall in two categories. One is to try reducing the work per iteration, and the other is to try reducing the number of iterations. These goals are often at odds with one another. Skipping computation on vertices which have already converged has the potential to save iteration time. Skipping in-identical vertices, with the same in-links, helps reduce duplicate computations and thus could help reduce iteration time. Road networks often have chains which can be short-circuited before pagerank computation to improve performance. Final ranks of chain nodes can be easily calculated. This could reduce both the iteration time, and the number of iterations. If a graph has no dangling nodes, pagerank of each strongly connected component can be computed in topological order. This could help reduce the iteration time, no. of iterations, and also enable multi-iteration concurrency in pagerank computation. The combination of all of the above methods is the STICD algorithm. [sticd] For dynamic graphs, unchanged components whose ranks are unaffected can be skipped altogether.
Quantitative Data AnalysisReliability Analysis (Cronbach Alpha) Common Method...2023240532
Quantitative data Analysis
Overview
Reliability Analysis (Cronbach Alpha)
Common Method Bias (Harman Single Factor Test)
Frequency Analysis (Demographic)
Descriptive Analysis
Adjusting OpenMP PageRank : SHORT REPORT / NOTESSubhajit Sahu
For massive graphs that fit in RAM, but not in GPU memory, it is possible to take
advantage of a shared memory system with multiple CPUs, each with multiple cores, to
accelerate pagerank computation. If the NUMA architecture of the system is properly taken
into account with good vertex partitioning, the speedup can be significant. To take steps in
this direction, experiments are conducted to implement pagerank in OpenMP using two
different approaches, uniform and hybrid. The uniform approach runs all primitives required
for pagerank in OpenMP mode (with multiple threads). On the other hand, the hybrid
approach runs certain primitives in sequential mode (i.e., sumAt, multiply).
1. Statistical Literacy
Anthony J. Evans
Professor of Economics, ESCP Europe
www.anthonyjevans.com
(cc) Anthony J. Evans 2019 | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
2. How to be an effective consumer of statistical analysis
• The purpose of this presentation is to discuss some of the
common ways in which people are misled by statistics
2
3. How big is big?
1 million seconds =
1 billion seconds =
1 trillion seconds =
11 days
32 years
317 centuries
3See “The Powers of 10” (1977) [https://youtu.be/0fKBhvDjuy0]
4. How big is a billion?
• In the US a billion meant 1 thousand million
• Up until the 1970s it was common in the UK to define a billion as 1
million million
– “The word “billion” is now used internationally to mean 1,000 million and
it would be confusing if British Ministers were to use it in any other sense. I
accept that it could still be interpreted in this country as 1 million million and
I shall ask my colleagues to ensure that, if they do use it, there should be no
ambiguity as to its meaning” Harold Wilson, 1974
• A trillion means 1 thousand billion
4See Bolton, P., and Cracknell, R., "What is a billion? And other units" House of Commons
Library Standard Note, January 2009
Hundred 100 3
Thousand 1,000 4
Million 1,000,000 6
Billion 1,000,000,000 9
Trillion 1,000,000,000,000 12
Quadrillion 1,000,000,000,000,000 15
5. Is that a big number?
"Every year since 1950, the number of American children
gunned down has doubled”
From a 1995 PhD dissertation, cited in “Damned Lies and Statistics” by Joel Best
Year Gunned down kids
1950 1
1951 2
1952 4
1953 8
1954 16
… …
1960 1024
… …
1995 35 trillion
5
6. Is that a big number?
“In 1997 the Labour government said it would spend an extra
£300m over five years to create a million new childcare
places”
• 300m/1m = £300 per place
• 300/5 = £60 per year
• 60/52 = Only £1.15 per week
Source: Blastland & Dilnot p.7 6
7. “Random” numbers aren’t all that random
7Random Walk – The Visualization of Randomness by Daniel A. Becker
http://www.random-walk.com/index_en.htm
8. Choose a random number between 1 and 10
8Source:
https://www.reddit.com/r/dataisbeautiful/comments/889zik/asking_100_people_for_a_random_number_from_1_to/
9. Mean reversion
• Imagine that 9 volunteers are observing traffic.
• They each roll 2 die and the combined score is the number
of accidents.
• Which are the accident black-spots?
• We place a speed camera at these black-spots
• Now, let’s roll again
• How effective are the speed cameras?
9
17. Share of global wealth of the top 1% appears to be rising
17Culprit: Oxfam
See: https://fullfact.org/article/economy/oxfam_1_percent-38483
18. Share of global wealth is in fact pretty flat
18Culprit: Oxfam
See: https://fullfact.org/article/economy/oxfam_1_percent-38483
19. (And global wealth doesn’t really capture poverty anyway)
19
This includes graduates (i.e.
high earning potential but
negative net wealth)
“Global Wealth Databook” Credit Suisse, October 2014
20. The Y axis should sometimes start at zero
20Source: https://twitter.com/felixsalmon/status/979080517290258433?s=11
21. But the Y axis shouldn’t always start at zero
• “Charts should convey information and make a point”
• Use the baseline to show the data, not an arbitrary zero
point
21Source: https://qz.com/418083/its-ok-not-to-start-your-y-axis-at-zero/
22. Who has a fever, Sara or Bob?
22Source: https://qz.com/418083/its-ok-not-to-start-your-y-axis-at-zero/
Also see “Shut up about the y-axis. It shouldn’t always start at zero” Vox [https://youtu.be/14VYnFhBKcY]
23. • Compare the “On time arrival rate” of Alaska Airlines vs.
America West
• Alaska Airlines is performing better on a per airport basis…
89%
95%
91%
83%
86%85,6%
92,1%
85,5%
71,3%
76,7%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
LA Phoenix San Diego San Francisco Seattle
Alaska Airlines
America West Airlines
On time arrival rates
23
Always check the X axis
24. Importance of weight
811 5255 448 449 2620
Alaska
Airlines
89%
LA
95%
Phoenix
91%
83%
San Francisco
86%
Seattle
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
605232 233559 2146
86%
LA
92%
Phoenix
86%
San Diego
71%
San Francisco
77%
Seattle
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
America
West
Airlines
89.1%
86.7%
% arrivals on time and number of arrivals
…but on a weighted basis
America West has the higher on
time arrival rate
24
25. Be wary of histograms
• Generally speaking “bins” should be:
– Not too many
– Not too few
– Of equal size
– Consecutive
– Non-overlapping
25
27. The same chart, with equal bins
27See “Lies, Damned Lies, and Statistics (36): Manipulating the X-axis Scale in Graphs”, Filip Spagnoli,
September 30th 2011
28. Be wary of pie charts
28The problem here is that the question allowed multiple responses
30. 30Source: The Sun, 25 July 2013
See https://fullfact.org/factchecks/top_bad_infographics_charts-29075
31. Be wary of 3D pie charts
31Source: https://www.mrexcel.com/legacy/images/mec14200.jpg
32. 32
By using a circle it
resembles a globe
but the areas are 2D
33. Be wary of smoothed lines
33Source: http://www.vizwiz.com/2011/12/when-you-use-smoothed-line-chart-your.html
“the line is trying
to connect points
that don’t exist”
It looks as though
sales rose from July
to August in 2009
They don’t
34. Be wary of smoothed lines
34Source: http://www.vizwiz.com/2011/12/when-you-use-smoothed-line-chart-your.html
It looks as though
sales rose from July
to August in 2009
They don’t
35. Don’t use smoothed lines
• “Smoothed lines are abused. If you are plotting measured
data, the only valid connecting curve between points is a
straight line (or a line which is fitted to a function that
comes from a physical model of the data). A smoothed
curve implies that the data goes places where it has not
been measured. Smoothed lines without points are even
worse, because the person trying to interpret the chart
doesn’t even know what points on the smoothed curve
belong there.”
Jon Peltier
35Source: http://www.vizwiz.com/2011/12/when-you-use-smoothed-line-chart-your.html
36. • This presentation forms part of a free, online course
on analytics
• http://econ.anthonyjevans.com/courses/analytics/
36