Proyecto de tesis para entregar el domingo 13 de noviembre 2016 mgefyd lavegaJOSE EULISES CRUZ
Este documento presenta el problema de investigación, los objetivos y la justificación de un estudio sobre la organización de eventos deportivos escolares en centros educativos de secundaria en la modalidad de jornada extendida en el municipio de Puñal, República Dominicana. El problema central es que los profesores tienen poco conocimiento sobre cómo organizar estos eventos de manera efectiva. El estudio busca desarrollar talleres de capacitación para mejorar las habilidades de los profesores en la organización de eventos deportivos escolares.
El documento expresa gratitud y amor hacia otra persona por los dos maravillosos meses pasados juntos, llenos de amor, locuras y aventuras. El autor dice que ha vivido los momentos más especiales de su vida al lado de esta persona y que gracias a ella conoció el verdadero amor.
This document provides an overview of inflammation. It defines inflammation, discusses the cardinal signs of inflammation, and describes the types of inflammation including acute and chronic inflammation. For acute inflammation, it covers the pathogenesis involving changes in vascular flow and permeability and leukocyte emigration. It also discusses the chemical mediators involved in acute inflammation including histamine, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, nitric oxide, cytokines, and complement and coagulation proteins. Chronic inflammation is characterized by infiltration of mononuclear cells like macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells over a prolonged duration.
El documento proporciona información sobre trauma abdominal. En resumen: (1) Define el trauma abdominal como lesiones violentas de la cavidad abdominal, (2) Explica que el trauma cerrado representa el 65% de los casos y el abierto el 35%, con heridas por arma blanca y de fuego como las causas más comunes de este último, (3) Detalla la anatomía externa e interna del abdomen relevante para el trauma.
The document discusses standards for medical professionals in Thailand and focuses on conditions related to the thyroid, esophagus, vascular system, and trauma. It covers topics such as solitary thyroid nodules, hyperthyroidism, caustic esophageal injuries, esophageal cancer, and achalasia. Diagnostic criteria, management guidelines, and follow-up plans are provided for various conditions.
O documento descreve a anatomia do abdome, tipos de lesões abdominais por trauma, avaliação inicial de pacientes com trauma abdominal e cuidados de enfermagem necessários. Lesões abdominais podem ser fechadas ou penetrantes e causar danos a órgãos como fígado, baço e intestinos. A avaliação inicial deve considerar o mecanismo da lesão para identificar possíveis locais de dano. Cuidados incluem monitoramento, reposição de volume e transporte rápido para tratamento cirúrgico se necessário.
Six Plus Building Block สาขาสุขภาพช่องปาก 2014Tang Thowr
เอกสารกระประชุม
power point
conference Six Plus Building Block
dental service plan
on 18 April 2014
วันที่ ๑๘ เมษายน ๒๕๕๗
ห้องประชุมชยนาทนเรนทร ชั้น ๒ อาคาร ๑
สำนักงานปลัดกระทรวงสาธารณสข
ภาพรวม Six Plus Building Block สาขาสุขภาพช่องปาก
Proyecto de tesis para entregar el domingo 13 de noviembre 2016 mgefyd lavegaJOSE EULISES CRUZ
Este documento presenta el problema de investigación, los objetivos y la justificación de un estudio sobre la organización de eventos deportivos escolares en centros educativos de secundaria en la modalidad de jornada extendida en el municipio de Puñal, República Dominicana. El problema central es que los profesores tienen poco conocimiento sobre cómo organizar estos eventos de manera efectiva. El estudio busca desarrollar talleres de capacitación para mejorar las habilidades de los profesores en la organización de eventos deportivos escolares.
El documento expresa gratitud y amor hacia otra persona por los dos maravillosos meses pasados juntos, llenos de amor, locuras y aventuras. El autor dice que ha vivido los momentos más especiales de su vida al lado de esta persona y que gracias a ella conoció el verdadero amor.
This document provides an overview of inflammation. It defines inflammation, discusses the cardinal signs of inflammation, and describes the types of inflammation including acute and chronic inflammation. For acute inflammation, it covers the pathogenesis involving changes in vascular flow and permeability and leukocyte emigration. It also discusses the chemical mediators involved in acute inflammation including histamine, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, nitric oxide, cytokines, and complement and coagulation proteins. Chronic inflammation is characterized by infiltration of mononuclear cells like macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells over a prolonged duration.
El documento proporciona información sobre trauma abdominal. En resumen: (1) Define el trauma abdominal como lesiones violentas de la cavidad abdominal, (2) Explica que el trauma cerrado representa el 65% de los casos y el abierto el 35%, con heridas por arma blanca y de fuego como las causas más comunes de este último, (3) Detalla la anatomía externa e interna del abdomen relevante para el trauma.
The document discusses standards for medical professionals in Thailand and focuses on conditions related to the thyroid, esophagus, vascular system, and trauma. It covers topics such as solitary thyroid nodules, hyperthyroidism, caustic esophageal injuries, esophageal cancer, and achalasia. Diagnostic criteria, management guidelines, and follow-up plans are provided for various conditions.
O documento descreve a anatomia do abdome, tipos de lesões abdominais por trauma, avaliação inicial de pacientes com trauma abdominal e cuidados de enfermagem necessários. Lesões abdominais podem ser fechadas ou penetrantes e causar danos a órgãos como fígado, baço e intestinos. A avaliação inicial deve considerar o mecanismo da lesão para identificar possíveis locais de dano. Cuidados incluem monitoramento, reposição de volume e transporte rápido para tratamento cirúrgico se necessário.
Six Plus Building Block สาขาสุขภาพช่องปาก 2014Tang Thowr
เอกสารกระประชุม
power point
conference Six Plus Building Block
dental service plan
on 18 April 2014
วันที่ ๑๘ เมษายน ๒๕๕๗
ห้องประชุมชยนาทนเรนทร ชั้น ๒ อาคาร ๑
สำนักงานปลัดกระทรวงสาธารณสข
ภาพรวม Six Plus Building Block สาขาสุขภาพช่องปาก
การดูแลท่านผู้สูงอายุในประเทศไทยคงมีหน่วยงานหลายหน่วยงานที่ดูแลอยู่ อย่่างไรก็ดี ก็จะต้องออกแบบระบบสำหรับ health and well-being อย่างถ้วนหน้า โดย Leave no one behind โดยบูรณาการไปข้างหน้าให้ดีและยั่งยืน เหมาะสมกับบริบทของประเทศไทย
This document discusses chronic disease management in respiratory patients. It notes that chronic respiratory diseases are a leading cause of disability in Thailand. Effective chronic disease management programs can help improve outcomes for patients with conditions like COPD. Key elements of chronic respiratory disease management include education for patients and caregivers, care coordination, self-management support, and addressing exacerbation risks. The chronic care model emphasizes productive interactions between activated patients and prepared healthcare teams. Holistic care requires understanding patients' overall needs and promoting independent self-care. Primary care clusters and district health boards can help coordinate services for chronic respiratory conditions in a value-based, patient-centric way.
โรคเรื้อรังเกี่ยวกับระบบทางเดินหายใจ นับว่าเป็นปัญหาสาธารณสุขที่กระทบต่อคุณภาพชีวิตประชาชนมากเป็นอันดับต้นๆ การพัฒนาระบบการดูแลที่เรียกว่า chronic care model นับว่าจะช่วยทั้ง health and well being คนไข้ ครอบครัว และช่วยทางด้าน equity efficiency ระบบบริการสาธารณสุขด้วย
การจัดการกับเรื่องราวให้มีการพัฒนาอย่างยั่งยืน sustainable development goal ให้เกิด health and well being ตาม SDG 3 สำหรับสังคมผู้สูงอายุนั้น ต้องการการร่วมมือบูรณาการและผลักดันอย่างยิ่ง ทั้งนโยบายประชากร นโยบายทางการเงิน การจัดสวัสดิการ การจัดการสุขภาพ การจัดการสิ่งแวดล้อมและความปลอดภัย
2. รายงาน
โครงการพัฒนาตัวชี้วัดคุณภาพบริการปฐมภูมิในระบบหลักประกันสุขภาพถ้วนหน้า ระยะที่ 2
คณะผู้วิจัย
โครงการประเมินเทคโนโลยีและนโยบายด้านสุขภาพ
ดร.รุ่งนภา คาผาง
ดร.ภญ.ศรีเพ็ญ ตันติเวสส
น.ส.รักมณี บุตรชน
น.ส.สุธีนุช ตั้งสถิตย์กุลชัย
น.ส.ณัฐธิดา มาลาทอง
ดร.ภญ.จันทนา พัฒนเภสัช
น.ส.สโรชา ชูติพงศ์ชัยวัฒน์
ภ.ญ.สุธาสินี คาหลวง
ดร.นพ.ยศ ตีระวัฒนานนท์
คณะที่ปรึกษา
นพ.ชูชัย ศรชานิ สานักงานหลักประกันสุขภาพแห่งชาติ
นพ.จักรกริช โง้วศิริ สานักงานหลักประกันสุขภาพแห่งชาติ
Dr. Francoise Cluzeau National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)
Dr. Paramjit Gill Primary Care Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham
Dr. Rachel Foskett-Tharby Primary Care Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham
7. v
Executive summary
The National Health Security Office (NHSO) introduced the Quality and Outcomes
Framework (QOF) in 2013 aiming to incentivize primary care units for improving the
prerequisite quality of service deliveries and ultimately improving health outcomes. Previous
results from the study ‘Developing health care indicators and improving the QOF program
for the Thai Universal Health Coverage Part I’ indicated that the strategy for implementing as
well as the management of the QOF program should be revised in terms of policy
formulation and implementation. Therefore, the NHSO requested the Health Intervention
and Technology Assessment Program (HITAP) to develop quality indicators for primary care
and to provide policy recommendations on managerial strategies of the QOF program for
the fiscal year 2017. The study was conducted from June 2015 to April 2016.
The objectives of this study were 1) to develop quality indicators for the fiscal year
2017 based on evidence with systematic, transparent and participatory process, 2) to test
indicators in the chosen primary care units across selected provinces, 3) to provide policy
recommendations on managerial strategies which are in line with the developed indicators.
This study employed different approaches such as, analyzing primary and secondary data,
obtaining suggestions from stakeholders and information based on consensus among
steering committee members. In the final step, the steering committee considered the pilot
results and expert opinions from stakeholders which led to three conclusions 1) 10
indicators were selected for fiscal year 2017, 2) 5 indicators were recommended for fiscal
year 2018, 3) 9 indicators were recommended for fiscal year 2018 onwards under the
condition that there will be a capacity development for providers and improvement in
databases.
In addition, managerial strategies were recommended as follows:
1) The Ministry of Public Health (MOPH) and the NHSO should strengthen their
collaboration in terms of the QOF management as both organizations play an
important role in improving primary health care. The NHSO executives should
consider and consult the Minister of Public Health and the Permanent Secretary of
the MOPH whether it would be feasible and appropriate to request the existing
Quality Control and Quality Standard Committee to monitor the management of the
QOF program or to appoint a new committee for this task.
2) The time frame for implementing the program should be clear, appropriate and
approved by both organizations including announcing the quality indicators and
payment criteria, communicating about the indicators and evaluation process,
extracting data from data bases, sending feedback during and at the end of the fiscal
year, and allocating the QOF payment to Contracting Units for Primary Care (CUPs).
8. vi
3) A seperated budget from capitation payment for ambulatory services for the QOF
program should be provided to incentivize health care workers. The budget should
be appropriate in order to prevent health care workers from focusing on particular
services that are in line with the indicators but neglecting other important health
care activities. This study recommends to divide the QOF budget into three parts:
3.1) one-third of the budget should be provided according to the number of
population registered in the catchment area of the CUP.
3.2) one-third of the budget should be allocated in advance according to the
expected performances of CUPs under the QOF (aspiration payment).
3.3) one-third of the budget should be paid according to the real
performances of CUPs at the end of the fiscal year.
4) Regarding indicators and determination of performance, this study proposes four
recommendations:
4.1) there should be no local indicators because the purpose of the QOF
program is to standardize the quality of primary care of all Primary Care Units
(PCUs) across the country.
4.2) there should be indicators at both CUP and PCU levels so that CUPs and
PCUs fully understand their responsibilities. Moreover, performances of each
individual CUP and PCU should be fed back.
4.3) however, if the NHSO allows the regional NHSO offices to develop their
own local indicators, this should be done with the same process as the core
indicators (e.g. indicator development based on evidence with systematic,
transparent and participatory process and piloting indicators).
4.4) the data should be linked with and used by the Bureau of Inspection and
Evaluation of the MOPH in order to facilitate the primary health care policy.
5) The MOPH and the NHSO should develop evaluation and monitoring systems for
QOF on both national and local levels, enhance the database system to support
QOF, improve the communication system and make the performance data publicly
available.
9. vii
ตัวย่อ
ACSC Ambulatory Care Sensitive Conditions
AMA American Medical Association
ASSIST The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test
CUPs Contracting Units for Primary care
DPL Development Policy Loan
DTX Dextrostix
HbA1c Hemoglobin A1c
HDC Health Data Center
HEDIS Health Plan Employer Data and Information Set
HIRA Health Insurance Review Agency
HITAP Health Intervention and Technology Assessment Program
HSCIC Health and Social Care Information Centre
MOPH Ministry of Public Health
NCQA National Committee for Quality Assurance
NHS National Health Services
NHSO National Health Security Office
NICE The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
P4P Pay for Performance
PCO Primary Care Organization
PCPI Physician Consortium for Performance Improvement
PCUs Primary Care Unit
PMT Primary Care Trust
QMAS
Quality and Outcomes Framework Management and Analysis
System
QOF Quality and Outcomes Framework
UC Universal Coverage scheme
WHO World Health Organization
กทม. กรุงเทพมหานครฯ