The purpose of this research careful consideration in the selection this time, in an attempt to extract something from this rule and the secrets that could stand them. So why was Alela for four months? And several absolute three menstrual periods? And duration of breastfeeding Holin full? These and other questions, I tried to stand in this research answers satisfactory and clear them.

1. ‫بالزمان‬ ‫القرآني‬ ‫التشريع‬ ‫ارتباط‬
(‫َم‬‫ك‬ ِ‫والح‬ ‫األسرار‬ ‫بعض‬)
‫د‬.‫هللا‬ ‫عبد‬ ‫عودة‬ ‫عبد‬ ‫عودة‬1
1‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫لاا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫ساملا‬ ‫مب‬ ‫لاس‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ز‬‫سي‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫سلاس‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫يفا‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫م‬ ‫سري‬‫ف‬‫لت‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫يف‬ ‫ه‬ ‫لر‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ص‬‫حا‬3002( .‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫يفا‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫م‬ ‫يفا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ساج‬
‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫فهم‬ ‫س‬ ‫لن‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ال‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫جاس‬9111‫ة‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لتل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ص‬‫ل‬ ‫م‬ ‫ت‬‫لااتف‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ك‬‫ب‬ ،"‫مب‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫سا‬‫س‬ ‫اا‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫سا‬"‫سلاس‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫فهم‬ ‫س‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫مب‬
9111.)

2. 9
‫بالزمان‬ ‫القرآني‬ ‫التشريع‬ ‫ارتباط‬
(‫م‬َ‫ك‬ ِ‫والح‬ ‫األسرار‬ ‫بعض‬)
‫مقدمـة‬:
‫مب‬ ‫زس‬ ‫ست‬‫رت‬‫با‬ ‫ممب‬‫رت‬‫سق‬ ‫جاءت‬ ‫مب‬ ‫مل‬ ‫يفش‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫حكا‬ ‫س‬ ‫بملض‬ ّ‫ا‬‫ل‬ ‫جي‬ ،‫مي‬ ‫ساك‬ ‫اا‬ ‫ساق‬ ‫م‬ ‫اظ‬ ‫سا‬
‫هة‬ ‫حم‬.‫سال‬‫كتا‬ ‫لا‬‫س‬ َّ‫ب‬ ‫ال‬ ،‫غاها‬ ‫هسا‬ ‫مب‬ ‫س‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ست‬‫رت‬‫ساا‬ ‫هبذري‬ ‫حكا‬ ‫س‬ ‫هذري‬ ‫اط‬ ‫ت‬‫ف‬‫س‬ ‫لا‬ ّ‫شك‬
‫سال‬ ،‫سااتضر‬‫س‬ ‫مب‬ ‫ث‬ ‫سامل‬ ‫ة‬ ٌ‫ري‬َّ‫ل‬ ‫س‬ ‫سهت‬ ، ‫حكا‬ِ‫ي‬‫س‬‫س‬ ‫مب‬َّ‫ق‬ ‫سا‬ ُ‫غ‬ِ‫ابا‬ ‫اين‬ ‫ساق‬ ‫ص‬ ‫سا‬ َّ‫فإا‬ ،‫مب‬ ‫إهل‬ ‫حلكممب‬
‫قص‬ ‫لس‬ ‫مب‬ ‫ا‬ ‫هسا‬ ،‫ااق‬ِّ‫ت‬‫سال‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ز‬ ‫در‬ ٌ‫شيء‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ف‬ َ‫ه‬َِ ْ‫ا‬‫ل‬ ‫ميكة‬.
‫ت‬ ‫ض‬ ‫بغ‬ ‫حث‬ ‫سا‬ ‫هذس‬ ‫سأييت‬‫سج‬ ‫يفخ‬‫ز‬‫ال‬ ‫حماسامب‬ ‫م‬ ،‫سين‬ ‫سا‬ ‫يفح‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫هذس‬ ‫م‬ ‫ظ‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ق‬
‫ها‬ ‫د‬ ُ‫ساتقتف‬ َ‫ة‬َ‫ك‬ْ‫َس‬‫ل‬ ‫سايت‬ ‫سف‬ ‫ز‬ ‫س‬‫س‬ ‫م‬َ‫ك‬ِ‫سحل‬ ‫هذري‬ ‫سة‬ ٍ‫شيء‬.‫بملمب‬‫ف‬‫ل‬ ‫اء‬ ‫سي‬ ‫َّة‬‫س‬ ‫امن‬ ‫فدماذس‬
،‫سغاها‬ ‫زئدمب‬ ‫س‬ ‫هذري‬ ‫اسدني؟‬ ‫حتاني‬ ‫ساطال‬ ‫إفضاع‬ ‫ة‬ُّ‫سس‬ ‫سء؟‬ ُ‫ق‬ ‫ثاثمب‬ ‫طدقمب‬ ‫س‬ ‫ة‬ّ ‫س‬ ‫؟‬ ‫لشه‬
‫ساتقتف‬ ‫حث‬ ‫سا‬ ‫هذس‬ ‫م‬ ُ‫حاسان‬‫هلا‬ ‫سضحمب‬‫س‬ ‫مب‬ ‫شاف‬ ٍ‫إجاابت‬ ‫در‬.
‫ة‬ ‫قا‬ ،ً‫ال‬‫لس‬ ‫اين‬ ‫ساق‬ ‫ص‬ ‫اد‬ ‫سيمجايل‬ ‫ملىن‬ ‫س‬ ‫إظهاف‬ ‫هت‬ ‫حث‬ ‫سا‬ ‫هذس‬ ‫م‬ ‫هجي‬ ‫س‬ ‫اا‬ ‫س‬
‫كم‬ِ‫سحل‬‫س‬ ‫سف‬ ‫ز‬ ‫س‬ ‫هذري‬ ‫اط‬ ‫يف‬‫ز‬‫س‬ ‫حنت‬ ‫خاهلا‬ ‫سة‬ ‫سالمطاق‬ ‫ميكة‬.‫حث‬ ‫سا‬ ‫هذس‬ ‫كتا‬ ْ‫ا‬‫ل‬ ‫م‬ ً‫ا‬‫اس‬
‫س‬ ‫فهت‬ ،‫مب‬ ‫ساملج‬ ‫ري‬‫ف‬‫س‬ ‫لز‬‫س‬ ‫مي‬ ‫ساك‬ ‫اا‬ ‫ساق‬ ‫تز‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ساكشف‬ ‫م‬ ‫مب‬ ‫فملد‬ ‫سمامهمب‬‫ال‬ ‫ساذي‬ ‫يفاب‬‫ك‬‫ا‬
ّ‫ه‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ث‬َ ‫در‬ ُ‫ق‬َ‫د‬َْ‫َي‬ ‫سال‬ ‫ساملدماء‬ ‫ه‬ ‫س‬ ‫ع‬ ‫ش‬.

3. 3
‫ا‬‫ل‬‫أو‬:‫اإليالء‬ ‫ّة‬‫د‬‫م‬(‫أشهر‬ ‫أربعة‬)
‫قا‬‫ل‬‫تملاىل‬:ْ‫رو‬ٌَُ ََّ‫ِف‬ َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ر‬َِ ِ‫إ‬ُ‫راف‬َِ ْ‫ن‬ِ‫ر‬َِ ََُ‫ره‬ْ‫ه‬ََ ِ‫ر‬َََ‫ر‬ََُّْْ ُُ‫ص‬ََُّ‫ر‬َ‫ر‬‫ت‬ ْ‫م‬ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ائ‬َ‫س‬ِ‫ن‬ ْ‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ َ‫ن‬‫و‬ُ‫ل‬ْ‫ؤ‬ُ‫ر‬‫ي‬ َ‫ين‬ِ‫ذ‬َّ‫ل‬ِ‫ل‬
‫يم‬ِ‫ح‬َْ*َ‫ق‬‫ال‬َّ‫ط‬‫ِل‬ ِ‫و‬ُ‫م‬َ‫ز‬َ‫ع‬ ْ‫ن‬ِ‫إ‬َ‫إ‬‫يم‬ِ‫ل‬َ‫ع‬ ‫يع‬َِ‫َس‬ ََّ‫ِف‬ َّ‫ن‬َِِ[‫ة‬ ‫ق‬ ‫سا‬:331،332].
‫ِإلمجايل‬ ‫ِملَىن‬:
‫ص‬ ‫سا‬ ‫هذس‬ ‫م‬ ‫حامه‬ ‫ز‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫ني‬:‫سف‬ ‫ل‬‫ض‬‫سي‬ ‫ض‬ ‫بغ‬ ‫مماءهم‬ ‫س‬‫ت‬‫ب‬ ‫ق‬ ‫لال‬ ‫حيداتا‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ساذ‬ ‫در‬ ‫لمه‬
ُ‫لاف‬‫ظ‬‫يف‬‫م‬‫س‬ ،ّ‫لة‬‫هب‬، ‫له‬‫ش‬‫ل‬ ‫لمب‬‫مل‬‫ب‬‫ف‬‫ل‬ْ‫ا‬‫لإ‬‫ف‬َ‫سح‬ ،‫لامهم‬‫م‬‫م‬ ‫إىل‬ ‫س‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫فج‬َ‫ل‬‫ل‬ُ‫ث‬،‫ة‬ّ‫ل‬ ‫س‬ ‫لذري‬‫ه‬ ‫لاء‬ ‫لث‬ ‫لني‬‫م‬ ‫سا‬ ‫م‬ ‫س‬‫ت‬‫هللا‬ َّ‫لإا‬‫ل‬‫ف‬
‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫غ‬‫لافة‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ساك‬ ‫هم‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ‫س‬ ،‫لم‬‫ل‬‫هل‬.ْ‫ا‬‫سإ‬َََّ‫لإا‬‫ل‬‫ف‬ ‫لاق‬‫ل‬‫ط‬‫سا‬ ‫لر‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ‫س‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬ْ‫د‬‫حل‬ ٌ‫لع‬‫ل‬ ‫مس‬ ‫هللا‬ٌ‫م‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ‫س‬ ،‫لم‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫سقاق‬ ‫لم‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫ا‬
َّ ‫ب‬‫اهتم‬2
.
‫ص‬ ‫سا‬ ‫سة‬ ‫سه‬ ‫س‬‫س‬:َّ‫لا‬، ‫له‬‫ش‬‫ل‬ ‫لمب‬‫مل‬‫ب‬‫ف‬‫ل‬ ‫ة‬ّ‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫سجمب‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ري‬ ‫يفظ‬ ‫ت‬ ،‫يفه‬‫ج‬‫زس‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ق‬ ‫لال‬ ‫حدف‬ ‫إذس‬ ‫سج‬ ‫سا‬
َ‫ح‬ ‫ق‬ ‫كتا‬‫س‬ ،‫ملمن‬ِ‫سم‬ ‫ها‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ة‬ّ ‫س‬ ‫م‬ ‫ها‬ ‫اش‬ ‫فإا‬ََ‫ث‬‫لاف‬‫ا‬‫ساك‬ ‫له‬ ‫د‬ ‫س‬ ،‫له‬ ‫مي‬ ‫م‬‫ها‬ ‫ل‬‫ش‬‫ملا‬ ‫مل‬ ْ‫ا‬‫سإ‬ ،‫ة‬
ُ‫َي‬ّ‫ا‬‫ق‬َّ‫د‬‫ق‬ ‫سإال‬ ،‫ه‬ ‫د‬ ‫ف‬َ‫د‬َ‫ح‬ ‫ما‬ ‫ف‬ ‫جتع‬ ‫سا‬ ‫بني‬ ‫ساقاضي‬ ‫ري‬3
.
‫ِلزمني‬ ‫رتة‬ ‫ِل‬ ‫هذه‬ ‫حتديد‬ ‫يف‬ َ‫ِلس‬:
‫م‬ ‫ل‬‫م‬‫سا‬ ‫لا‬‫س‬‫س‬ ‫؟‬ ‫ل‬ ‫يفح‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫هذس‬ ‫سة‬ ‫سحلكممب‬ ‫فما‬ ، ‫لشه‬ ‫بملمب‬‫ف‬‫أب‬ ‫اء‬ ‫سي‬ ‫ة‬ّ‫س‬ ‫ص‬ ‫سا‬ ‫هذس‬ ‫ه‬ّ‫ح‬
‫اباذست؟‬ ‫ة‬ّ ‫س‬ ‫هذري‬.
‫مي‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ك‬‫سا‬ ‫اا‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫سا‬ ‫لال‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ح‬ ‫سين‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫يفح‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لذس‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫م‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫ظ‬‫ذ‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫سهف‬ ،‫لة‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫س‬ ‫لتق‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫ح‬ ‫لر‬‫ل‬‫د‬
‫لة‬‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ث‬ ‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫لل‬‫ب‬ ،‫يفني‬ ‫ل‬‫م‬‫سا‬‫س‬ ‫مب‬ ‫ل‬‫م‬‫سا‬ ‫يفه‬‫ج‬‫زس‬ ّ‫ميس‬ ‫لال‬ ‫حيدف‬ ‫اا‬ ،‫مب‬ ‫سلاهد‬ ‫م‬ ‫جل‬ ‫سا‬ َّ‫لا‬ ‫ذاك‬ ،‫ها‬
‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫سطد‬ ‫لي‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫سال‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ج‬‫زس‬ ‫لي‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫ال‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬ّ‫د‬‫مل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫رت‬ ‫ف‬ ،‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫هل‬‫سإذال‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫هب‬ ‫سف‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ض‬‫سي‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ص‬‫بق‬ ،‫لك‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ذ‬.‫سه‬‫ف‬‫لد‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ف‬
َّ‫ق‬‫فت‬ ‫لاف‬‫ض‬‫سا‬ ‫لل‬‫م‬‫سامل‬ ‫لذس‬‫هل‬ ً‫س‬ ‫ح‬ ‫ضع‬ ‫لا‬ ‫ع‬ ‫يفش‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫هبذس‬ ‫ستملاىل‬ ‫حامه‬ ‫ز‬َّ‫لرتس‬ ، ‫له‬‫ش‬‫ل‬ ‫لمب‬‫مل‬‫ب‬‫ف‬‫ل‬ ‫ة‬ّ‫ل‬ ‫له‬‫يف‬
2
‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ظ‬‫سم‬:‫س‬‫لي‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫غ‬‫س‬‫لطار‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ص‬‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مح‬‫ل‬ ،:‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬ٌَِ‫ِمل‬ ‫رمل‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫س‬ ‫ت‬،(‫لاست‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ب‬:، ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫سا‬ ‫سيب‬‫رت‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لاء‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫إح‬ ‫هسف‬‫ط‬2،9211‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬/9121)،
‫ج‬9‫ص‬ ،233.
3
‫لاق‬‫ط‬‫سا‬ ‫لس‬ ‫ليء‬‫ا‬‫سا‬ ‫لني‬‫ب‬ ‫سج‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ا‬ ُ‫َي‬ ‫ساذي‬‫س‬ ،‫ساقاضي‬ ‫إىل‬ ‫س‬ ‫س‬ ‫فع‬ُ‫ف‬ ، ‫لشه‬ ‫بملمب‬‫ف‬ ‫س‬ ‫سضن‬ ‫إذس‬ ‫لمه‬ ‫سلمهتف‬.‫ل‬ ‫لا‬‫م‬ ‫ب‬
‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫ح‬ ‫لت‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ب‬‫ل‬َّ‫لا‬‫لاق‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ط‬‫سا‬‫لع‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬ّ‫لي‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ض‬‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ش‬‫ل‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ب‬‫ف‬ ‫س‬.‫م‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫ح‬ ‫لت‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ب‬‫ل‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫سي‬ ‫لي‬‫ف‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ظ‬‫سم‬:‫سل‬‫لاص‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ص‬‫سزي‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لي‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ب‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مح‬‫ل‬ ،:
‫ن‬ َ‫ر‬‫ر‬‫آ‬‫ِل‬ ‫راا‬‫ر‬‫ك‬‫َح‬،(،‫ه‬:‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ف‬‫ا‬ ‫س‬ ‫سف‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ب‬ ‫مب‬ ‫لاس‬‫ل‬‫ز‬‫سي‬ ‫لاف‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫س‬ ‫س‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫مل‬ ‫سط‬‫ه‬ ،.،‫ف‬9221‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬)،‫ج‬9‫ص‬ ،211.‫لني‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ب‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫سا‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ظ‬‫سم‬‫س‬
‫م‬ ‫لدامب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬ ‫س‬ ‫لذري‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫م‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫سحل‬‫س‬ ‫لتف‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫سلم‬ ‫لذهجل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬:،‫لي‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ‫ح‬ ‫سا‬‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫سه‬:‫رال‬‫ر‬‫ر‬ ‫ِإل‬ ‫رإل‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫آ‬ ‫ِل‬‫رإل‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ه‬‫إَلل‬ ‫م‬،(‫لق‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ش‬‫هس‬:، ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ك‬‫ساا‬ ‫هسف‬‫ط‬2،
9101‫ل‬‫ه‬/9191)‫ج‬ ،2‫ص‬ ،111-111.

4. 2
‫يفه‬‫ج‬‫زس‬ ‫ق‬ّ‫د‬‫ق‬ ‫سإال‬ ‫سبه‬‫ت‬‫سص‬ ‫ري‬ ‫فش‬ ‫إىل‬ ‫جع‬ ‫ه‬ّ‫د‬ ،‫جل‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ها‬ ‫ف‬4
.‫لتا‬‫ص‬ ‫ع‬ ‫ل‬‫ش‬‫يف‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫هذس‬ َّ‫فإا‬ ‫سبذاك‬
‫يفقاف‬‫ح‬‫سال‬‫س‬ ‫مب‬ ‫ته‬ ‫سامل‬‫س‬ ‫ساذل‬ ‫مب‬ ‫فه‬ ‫قر‬ ‫ت‬ ْ‫ا‬‫ل‬ ‫سة‬ ‫ها‬ ‫سحيم‬ ،‫ساطامش‬ ‫جل‬ ‫سا‬ ‫اه‬ ‫يفمل‬‫ز‬‫س‬ ‫ة‬ ‫لة‬ ‫س‬.
‫لذري‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫ا‬ ‫لذاك‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ف‬ ، ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ش‬‫ل‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ب‬‫ف‬‫أب‬ ‫ة‬ّ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫س‬ ‫لذري‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫سا‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫ل‬‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫لجل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫غا‬ ‫لي‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫س‬
‫زسجها‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ها‬ ‫ف‬ ‫تصرب‬ ‫لا‬ ‫لة‬ ‫س‬ ‫ع‬ ‫يفط‬‫م‬‫ت‬.‫لاب‬‫ط‬ ‫س‬ ‫لة‬‫ب‬ ‫ل‬‫م‬ ‫لمب‬‫ص‬‫سق‬–‫هنع هللا يضر‬-،‫لهتفة‬‫ش‬‫س‬ ‫لك‬‫ا‬‫ذ‬ ‫م‬
َّ‫يفملم‬ ،‫مب‬ ‫س‬ ‫م‬ ‫ج‬‫خ‬ ‫لمه‬ ‫سي‬ُ‫ف‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ح‬‫ش‬ ‫ت‬ ً‫ة‬‫ل‬ ‫سس‬ ‫فممع‬ ،ً‫ا‬ ‫ا‬ ‫مب‬ ‫سا‬ ‫سل‬‫ت‬‫لح‬ ‫س‬:
‫له‬‫ل‬ُ‫جام‬ َّ‫لته‬‫ل‬‫ز‬‫س‬‫س‬ ُ‫لل‬‫ل‬ ‫ساد‬ ‫لذس‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ َ‫لال‬‫ل‬‫ق‬ ‫لال‬ْ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ُ ‫لال‬ َ‫لجل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ َ‫ح‬ ‫ال‬ ‫لا‬ ‫لين‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬َ‫ق‬َّ‫لف‬‫س‬
‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ف‬‫ل‬ِ‫تهللا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ري‬‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫غ‬ َ‫ليء‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ش‬ ‫ال‬ ُ‫هللا‬ ‫تال‬‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ُ‫سم‬‫ت‬‫ج‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫سا‬ ‫لذس‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬ َ‫ِع‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ُْ‫ا‬
‫لين‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫كا‬ ُ‫لاء‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫سحل‬‫س‬ ‫ف‬ ُ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ف‬‫خما‬ْ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ُ ‫س‬ ‫س‬ ‫لال‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ُ‫ت‬ ‫لا‬ ‫لي‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫د‬‫مل‬َ‫ب‬ ُ‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫سإ‬
‫م‬ ‫ر‬ ‫يف‬‫ز‬‫س‬ ‫ساغ‬ ‫سة‬ ‫اا‬ ‫فدما‬–‫هنع هللا يضر‬–‫هلا‬ ‫سقال‬ ،‫لة‬ ‫س‬ ‫تدك‬:‫لن‬‫ا‬‫فقا‬ ‫لك؟‬‫ج‬‫زس‬ ‫لة‬ ‫ل‬:
‫سق‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫سا‬ ‫إىل‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ب‬ َ‫لن‬‫ل‬‫ث‬‫بمل‬.‫لا‬‫ل‬‫م‬ ‫سا‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ً‫س‬‫ه‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫ر‬ ‫يف‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ز‬‫فا‬‫ء‬5
‫لا؟‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫زسج‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬ ‫لرب‬‫ل‬‫ص‬‫ت‬ ‫م‬ ،‫لة‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫س‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬ ‫لدهلة‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ف‬
‫فقدة‬:،‫ة‬ ‫شه‬‫لشه‬ ‫بملمب‬‫ف‬‫ل‬ ‫م‬ ‫صربها‬ ‫اذ‬ ‫س‬ ، ‫لشه‬ ‫ثاثمب‬ ‫م‬ ‫صربها‬ ّ‫قل‬‫س‬.‫م‬ ‫فجملل‬‫ل‬‫لي‬‫ض‬‫ف‬
‫ه‬ ‫هللا‬‫ل‬، ‫لشه‬ ‫بملمب‬‫ف‬‫ل‬ ‫جل‬ ‫سا‬ ‫س‬ ‫غ‬ ‫ة‬ ‫س‬‫غاهم‬ ً‫ا‬‫قتس‬ ‫ه‬ّ‫سسج‬ ‫ة‬‫ساغاز‬ ّ‫سزرته‬ ‫سضن‬ ‫فإذس‬6
.
‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ثاني‬:‫المطلقة‬ ‫ّة‬‫د‬ِ‫ع‬(‫قروء‬ ‫ثالثة‬)
‫لاىل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ت‬ ‫لال‬‫ق‬:ُ‫ْم‬‫ل‬َِ‫إ‬‫را‬‫ر‬َ‫م‬ َ‫ن‬ْ‫م‬ُ‫ره‬‫ر‬ْ‫ك‬َ‫ي‬ ْ‫ن‬ََ َّ‫رن‬َُ ‫ص‬َ‫ر‬‫ر‬َُِ ‫َل‬َ‫إ‬ َ‫إف‬َُ‫ر‬‫ر‬ُ‫ر‬‫ء‬ َ‫ر‬َ‫ة‬‫ال‬َ‫ة‬ َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ه‬‫ر‬‫ر‬ِ‫س‬ُ‫َن‬ِ‫ن‬ َ‫رن‬‫ر‬ََََُّّْْ‫ر‬‫ه‬َ‫ر‬‫ي‬ ُُ‫را‬َ‫آ‬َّ‫ل‬َ‫ط‬
ِ‫يف‬ َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ه‬َِّ‫ل‬ََ‫ر‬ُِّ ‫ص‬‫ق‬‫ر‬َ‫َح‬َ َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬ُ‫ر‬‫ه‬َ‫ل‬‫رو‬َُُ‫ر‬َُّ‫إ‬ َِ‫ر‬ِ‫ِخخ‬ ِ‫ا‬ْ‫رو‬َ‫ر‬‫ي‬ْ‫ل‬َِ‫إ‬ َِّ‫ف‬ِ‫ِب‬ َّ‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ْ‫ؤ‬ُ‫ر‬‫ي‬ َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ك‬ ْ‫ن‬ِ‫إ‬ َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ه‬ِ‫ام‬َ‫ح‬ََْْ ِ‫يف‬ َُّ‫ِف‬ َ‫ق‬َ‫ل‬َ‫خ‬ْ‫ن‬ِ‫إ‬ َ ‫ر‬ِ‫ل‬ََ
‫رالح‬‫ر‬‫ر‬ْ‫ص‬ِ‫إ‬ ِ‫إ‬ُ‫ِل‬َََْ‫رز‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ي‬ِ‫ز‬َ‫ع‬ َُّ‫ِف‬َ‫إ‬ ‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬َََْ‫ل‬ َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ه‬ْ‫ري‬‫ر‬‫ر‬َ‫ل‬َ‫ع‬ ِ‫رال‬‫ر‬‫ر‬َََِّ‫ل‬ِ‫ل‬َ‫إ‬ ِ ‫إ‬َُ‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬ََْ‫ْم‬‫ل‬ِ‫ِب‬ َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ه‬ْ‫ري‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬َ‫ل‬َ‫ع‬ ِِ‫رذ‬‫ر‬‫ر‬َّ‫ل‬ِ َُ‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬ُِْ‫م‬ َّ‫رن‬‫ر‬‫ر‬ََُ‫إ‬ ‫ا‬
‫يم‬ِ‫ك‬َ‫ح‬[‫ة‬ ‫ق‬ ‫سا‬:339].
‫ِإلمجايل‬ ‫ِملَىن‬:
4
‫سمظ‬:‫سا‬‫قيب‬ ‫ق‬‫دمحم‬ ،:‫ن‬ َ‫ر‬‫آ‬‫ِل‬ ‫ألحكاا‬ ‫ِجلامع‬،(‫لاست‬‫ب‬:، ‫ل‬‫مل‬‫سا‬ ‫سيب‬‫رت‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لاء‬ ‫إح‬ ‫هسف‬‫ه‬.‫ف‬،9101‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬/9191)‫ج‬ ،2،
‫ص‬909.
5
‫حاصمب‬ ‫يفه‬ ‫سب‬ ‫زدل‬ ‫أبمه‬ ‫ل‬ ‫سق‬.
6
‫م‬ ‫ساقصمب‬ ‫هذري‬ ‫سمظ‬:‫قيب‬ ‫ساق‬:‫ن‬ َ‫ِلآ‬ ‫ألحكاا‬ ‫ِجلامع‬،‫ج‬2‫ص‬ ،909.‫لا‬‫ث‬ ‫سبة‬‫لل‬ ‫سمسا‬ ،:‫ريم‬‫م‬َ‫ِل‬ ‫ن‬ َ‫ر‬‫آ‬‫ِل‬ ‫رمل‬‫س‬ ‫ت‬،
(‫لاست‬‫ب‬:،‫لا‬‫ل‬ ‫س‬ ‫هسف‬‫ط‬9،9190‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬/9110)‫ج‬ ،9‫ص‬ ،399.‫لاا‬ ‫ح‬ ‫لت‬‫ل‬‫ب‬‫ل‬،‫لف‬‫ز‬‫ت‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ب‬ ‫دمحم‬:‫ري‬‫ر‬‫ط‬ِ َ‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ح‬‫ِلب‬،‫لق‬‫ل‬ ‫ذق‬:
،‫سا‬ ‫ساخ‬ ‫تجته‬ ‫س‬ ‫اهل‬(‫باست‬:،‫مب‬ ‫ساملدم‬ ‫يفجل‬‫ك‬‫سا‬ ‫هسف‬‫ط‬9،9192‫ل‬‫ه‬/9112)،‫ج‬3‫ص‬ ،912.

5. 1
‫مب‬ ‫سآل‬ ‫ني‬ ‫ت‬:،َّ‫لة‬‫هب‬ ‫ختل‬ ‫ل‬ ‫س‬ ‫لات‬‫ق‬‫طد‬ ‫س‬ ‫لر‬‫د‬ ‫لجل‬‫جي‬ ‫لمه‬‫لاف‬‫ظ‬‫يف‬‫م‬‫س‬‫لايب‬‫ث‬ ‫لس‬ ،‫لاف‬‫ه‬‫لق‬ ‫لمب‬‫ث‬‫ثا‬ ‫ة‬ّ‫ل‬‫س‬
َ‫ح‬ْ‫لىن‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫س‬ ‫م‬ ٍ‫لاف‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫خ‬ ‫لر‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ،‫لات‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ض‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ُ‫ساق‬ْ‫ء‬7
.‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ،‫لاسهة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ح‬‫لف‬ ‫م‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫لني‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬ ُ‫َي‬ ‫لا‬ ّ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫هل‬ ‫لتز‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫جي‬ ‫ال‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ل‬‫س‬
ّ‫سامل‬ ‫م‬ ً‫ال‬‫يفملجا‬‫ز‬‫س‬ ،‫ض‬ ‫سحل‬ ‫ه‬ ‫لس‬ ‫ساله‬ ‫س‬‫جملمب‬ ‫سا‬ ‫م‬ ‫سج‬ ‫سا‬ ّ‫حلق‬ ً‫ال‬‫سإبطا‬ ،‫ة‬.
«ْ‫ا‬‫إ‬َُّ‫ة‬َّ‫لمسة‬‫ل‬‫خ‬‫سآل‬ ‫لت‬ ‫سا‬‫س‬ ‫ابهلل‬»ْ‫ا‬‫إ‬ ‫لي‬‫ل‬َُّ‫ة‬‫ل‬َّ‫حق‬‫له‬‫ب‬‫قا‬ ‫لني‬‫ش‬‫سَي‬ ‫ابهلل‬ ‫لات‬ ‫سمس‬ ً‫ا‬.‫لذس‬‫ه‬‫س‬
ٌ ‫هت‬ُ‫َي‬ ‫حىت‬ ‫هلة‬َ‫ا‬‫رب‬‫سة‬ ،‫قمب‬ ‫ابحلق‬‫مقصاا‬ ‫سال‬ ٍ‫هة‬ ‫ز‬ ‫غا‬.
‫لاا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫س‬ ،‫هتة‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ِ‫قض‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ت‬ ‫مل‬ ‫إذس‬ ،‫لجل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫جا‬ ‫ا‬ ِ‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫يف‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ،‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ج‬ ‫سا‬ ‫م‬ ّ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫هب‬ ‫لق‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ح‬‫ل‬ ‫سج‬‫س‬‫ز‬ ‫س‬‫س‬
ُ‫ح‬ ،‫جملمب‬ ‫سا‬ ‫سة‬ ‫ض‬ ‫ساغ‬ْ‫م‬‫سف‬ ‫سيض‬ ‫ال‬ ‫سيصاح‬‫س‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ملاش‬ ‫س‬ ‫ة‬.
،ً‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫حقت‬ ‫لال‬‫ل‬‫ج‬ ‫سا‬‫س‬ ‫لاء‬‫ل‬‫م‬ ‫ساد‬، ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫خ‬‫سآل‬ ‫لاري‬‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫هم‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ح‬‫س‬‫ت‬‫سا‬َّ‫لا‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫غ‬ ،‫لات‬‫ل‬ ‫سج‬‫س‬ ‫هة‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ‫س‬ ‫هم‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ‫س‬
‫لك‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫سذ‬ ،‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ج‬‫هف‬ ّ‫هة‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ‫لم‬‫ل‬‫هل‬ ‫لال‬‫ل‬‫ج‬ ‫سا‬‫لر‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ‫لاق‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫سيم‬‫س‬ ، ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ص‬ ‫س‬ ‫لر‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬ ‫ساق‬ ‫مب‬ ‫لمسا‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫سس‬ ،‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ز‬ ‫سا‬ ‫م‬
‫ة‬ ‫ز‬ ‫س‬8
.
‫ِلزمني‬ ‫رتة‬ ‫ِل‬ ‫هذه‬ ‫حتديد‬ ‫يف‬ ََّ‫ِلس‬:
ِ‫سحل‬‫لمب‬‫ل‬ ‫س‬ ‫سا‬ ‫لرتة‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫سا‬ ‫لذري‬‫هب‬ ‫هة‬ّ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫حم‬ ،‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫طد‬ ‫س‬ ‫ة‬ّ‫ل‬ ‫ع‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ش‬‫ت‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫لمب‬‫م‬‫ك‬-‫سء‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬ ‫لمب‬‫ث‬‫ثا‬-‫لي‬‫ل‬‫ه‬:‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ف‬ ‫سمل‬
‫لت‬‫ق‬‫سحل‬ ‫ع‬ ‫ل‬‫ض‬‫ت‬ ‫ال‬ ‫لىت‬‫ح‬‫س‬ ،‫لاب‬‫م‬‫م‬ ‫س‬ ‫يفدط‬‫خت‬ ‫ال‬ ‫حىت‬ ‫سذاك‬ ،‫سامابق‬ ‫سج‬ ‫سا‬ ‫سة‬ ‫حم‬ ‫سا‬ ‫سءة‬ ‫ب‬‫ق‬.‫لذس‬‫ه‬‫س‬
‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ُ‫ساق‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫سه‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫س‬ ‫لربل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫يف‬ ‫س‬ ‫سء‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ز‬ ‫لق‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫يفح‬‫س‬ ٌ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫ل‬ُْ‫ط‬‫سا‬ ‫لس‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ض‬ ‫سحل‬ ‫ء‬‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫حلك‬ ‫لق‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ف‬‫س‬‫ت‬‫س‬ ‫لتاني‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫سا‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ك‬‫ف‬ ، ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬
ْ‫ط‬َ ‫س‬ َّ‫فإا‬ ‫ه‬ ‫د‬ ‫س‬ ،‫ع‬ ‫يفش‬‫ا‬‫س‬‫ما‬ ‫اف‬ ‫س‬ ‫م‬ َ‫جل‬9
.
َّ‫إا‬ ‫مث‬َ‫ف‬ ْ‫ا‬‫إ‬ ،‫لمب‬ ‫سج‬ ‫سا‬ ‫لاة‬ ‫سحل‬ ‫لاهة‬ ‫ي‬ ‫سجني‬ ‫ل‬‫د‬‫ا‬ ‫صمب‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ئمب‬ ‫هت‬ ،‫مب‬ ‫س‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ة‬ّ ‫س‬ ‫هذري‬ ‫م‬َ‫ل‬ََّ‫لا‬‫لا‬ ‫س‬
‫ذاك‬ ‫م‬،"‫سة‬ ‫الب‬ ‫فإمه‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫ف‬ ،‫لمب‬‫ق‬ ُ‫ساا‬ ‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ب‬ ‫لا‬‫م‬‫سقاه‬‫ت‬ ‫لاا‬‫ج‬‫س‬ ‫سا‬ ‫لا‬‫ه‬ ‫ف‬ ‫يفرب‬‫َي‬ ،‫سملقتامب‬ ٍ‫فرتة‬‫م‬ ‫لتا‬‫ك‬
ٌ‫لق‬‫ل‬‫ل‬َ‫فس‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫قدتهب‬‫لس‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ط‬‫غد‬ ‫لس‬ ‫سة‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫د‬ ‫لن‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫غد‬ ٍ‫لاا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫سس‬ ،‫يفجاب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬ُ‫ت‬ ‫لف‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫س‬‫ت‬ ‫س‬ ،‫يفملاه‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬ُ
ٍ
ّ‫ه‬ُ‫س‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬
‫اب‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ز‬ ‫س‬ ‫لك‬‫ل‬‫د‬‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫لغ‬‫ل‬‫ص‬‫يف‬‫ز‬‫س‬ ،‫اس‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لن‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫سقمد‬‫س‬ ،‫ة‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬ِّ‫ساش‬ ‫لت‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫س‬ ،‫لجل‬‫ل‬‫ض‬‫ساغ‬ ‫لكة‬‫ل‬‫ز‬ ‫لإذس‬‫ل‬‫ف‬ ،‫ء‬ ‫لرب‬‫ل‬
ٍ‫لاا‬‫مل‬‫س‬ ‫زت‬ ‫ل‬‫ب‬‫س‬ ،‫سق‬ ‫ساا‬ ‫إىل‬ ‫هفملن‬ ‫سايت‬‫اف‬ ‫يفئ‬‫ل‬‫ز‬‫س‬ ‫إىل‬ ‫لني‬ ‫سحل‬ ‫لا‬‫ه‬‫اسه‬ ‫س‬ ،‫ة‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ج‬ ‫ست‬‫ف‬‫لا‬ ‫يف‬ ‫س‬‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫خ‬‫ل‬
7
‫سملىن‬ ‫م‬ ‫سااقهاء‬ ‫بني‬ ‫اف‬ ‫س‬ ‫لصل‬ُ‫ق‬‫سا‬ُْ‫ق‬‫سا‬ ّ‫ا‬‫ل‬ ‫ذاك‬ ،‫سادغتي‬ ‫ملىن‬ ‫س‬ ‫سة‬ ‫لبع‬ ‫ء‬ُْ‫س‬ ‫طدق‬ُ ‫سادغمب‬ ‫م‬ ‫ء‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫ساط‬‫س‬ ‫ض‬ ‫ل‬‫حل‬‫س‬ ‫له‬‫ب‬ ‫سه‬.
‫سمظ‬:‫ظتف‬ ‫س‬ ‫سبة‬‫دمحم‬ ،:‫ِلََب‬ ‫لسان‬،(‫باست‬:‫ه‬ ،‫صاهف‬ ‫هسف‬.‫ف‬‫ه‬ ،.‫ت‬)،‫ج‬9‫ص‬ ،920.
8
‫سمظ‬:‫س‬‫ثا‬ ‫بة‬:‫ِلَميم‬ ‫ن‬ َ‫ِلآ‬ ‫سمل‬ ‫ت‬‫ج‬ ،9‫ص‬ ،321-321.
9
‫سمظ‬:،‫فضا‬‫دمحم‬‫فش‬:ْ‫ِملنا‬،(‫باست‬:،‫فمب‬ ‫مل‬ ‫س‬ ‫هسف‬‫ط‬3،‫ه‬.‫ت‬)،‫ج‬3‫ص‬ ،229.

6. 1
‫ات‬ ‫سج‬‫ت‬‫سا‬ ‫سة‬ ‫سججل‬‫ت‬‫ا‬ ‫مب‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ل‬ّ‫يفجم‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫اسهها‬ ‫لس‬ ،‫اة‬ ‫سحل‬.‫لت‬‫ه‬‫س‬ ،‫هللا‬ ‫إىل‬ ‫لال‬‫حل‬‫س‬ ‫لض‬‫غ‬‫لب‬ ‫لاق‬‫ط‬‫سا‬‫س‬
‫اج‬ ّ‫ل‬ ‫جل‬ ‫َي‬ ‫حني‬ ‫إال‬ ‫ها‬ ‫إا‬ ‫دجد‬ُ ‫ال‬ ٍ‫رت‬‫ب‬ ‫مب‬ ‫مد‬"10
.
ٌ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫ل‬ ‫لت‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫ف‬ ،‫لاح‬‫ل‬‫ك‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫ل‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫باخا‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ت‬ ‫ت‬ ‫لك‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ذ‬ ‫م‬ ّ‫ا‬‫لإ‬‫ل‬‫ف‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫خ‬‫ل‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫ج‬ ‫لة‬‫س‬‫س‬‫ب‬ ‫يفظم‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫ال‬،‫لهتامب‬‫ل‬‫م‬
‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫لاا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ك‬‫ا‬ ‫لك‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ذ‬ ‫لتال‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ،‫لل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫قت‬ ‫لاف‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ظ‬‫يف‬‫م‬‫اب‬ ‫إال‬ ‫لك‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫سال‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ب‬ ّ‫لك‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬ُ ‫مث‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫مل‬ ،‫اا‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ص‬‫سا‬ ‫لجل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ا‬ ‫امب‬
‫ة‬ ‫لاب‬‫ل‬ ٍ‫سة‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫و‬‫س‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫ب‬ ،‫جل‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ز‬ ‫هس‬ ،‫لات‬‫ل‬‫ظ‬‫حل‬.‫لإا‬‫ل‬‫ف‬ ، ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ظ‬ ‫سا‬ ‫لذس‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫لر‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ‫ص‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫حل‬‫س‬ ‫لاا‬‫ل‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬ ‫ه‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫س‬
ٌ‫لاهيب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ح‬ ‫يب‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ح‬‫ب‬‫رت‬‫ا‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫جي‬ ‫ة‬ّ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫لاا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ج‬‫س‬ ‫سا‬ ‫بص‬‫رت‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫لا‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ب‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ك‬ ‫مل‬ ،‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ّ‫ك‬‫ف‬ ‫لجل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ج‬‫ت‬،ً‫ال‬‫اب‬ ‫لها‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ص‬
‫هل‬ ‫اا‬ ‫قاز‬‫س‬ً‫اء‬ ‫ا‬11
.
‫ا‬‫ا‬‫ثالث‬:‫المتوف‬ ‫ّة‬‫د‬‫ع‬‫زوجها‬ ‫عنها‬ ‫ى‬(‫ا‬‫ا‬‫وعشر‬ ‫أشهر‬ ‫أربعة‬)
‫لاىل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ت‬ ‫لال‬‫ق‬:ََُ‫ره‬‫ر‬ْ‫ه‬ََ َ‫ر‬‫ر‬َََ‫ر‬ََُّْْ َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ه‬‫ر‬‫ر‬ِ‫س‬ُ‫َن‬ِ‫ن‬ َ‫رن‬‫ر‬ََََُّّْْ‫ر‬‫ه‬َ‫ر‬‫ي‬ ‫را‬‫ر‬ َِ‫إ‬ْ‫ا‬ََ َ‫ن‬‫إ‬َُْ‫ذ‬‫ر‬‫ر‬َ‫ي‬َ‫إ‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ك‬ْ‫ن‬‫ر‬ِ‫م‬ َ‫ن‬ْ‫رو‬‫ر‬َّ‫ر‬َِ‫و‬َ‫ر‬‫ه‬ُ‫ر‬‫ي‬ َ‫ين‬ِ‫رذ‬‫ر‬َّ‫ل‬َِ‫إ‬
‫را‬‫ر‬َ‫يم‬ِِ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ك‬ْ‫ري‬‫ر‬َ‫ل‬َ‫ع‬ َْ‫را‬‫ر‬َ‫ن‬ُ ‫رال‬‫ر‬َِ َّ‫رن‬‫ر‬ُ‫ه‬َ‫ل‬َ ََ َ‫رن‬‫ر‬َْ‫ل‬َ‫ر‬ُّ ََِِ‫ر‬‫ر‬َِ َِ‫ر‬‫ر‬ْ‫ش‬َ‫ع‬َ‫إ‬‫را‬‫ر‬َِ َُّ‫ِف‬َ‫إ‬ ِ ‫إ‬َُ‫ر‬‫ر‬ََْ‫ْم‬‫ل‬ِ‫ِب‬ َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ه‬‫ر‬‫ر‬ِ‫س‬ُ‫َن‬َ ِ‫يف‬ َ‫رن‬‫ر‬ْ‫ل‬َََ‫ر‬ِ
‫مل‬ِ‫ب‬َ‫خ‬ َ‫ن‬‫و‬ُ‫ل‬َ‫م‬ََْ‫ر‬‫ت‬[‫ة‬ ‫ق‬ ‫سا‬:321].
‫ِإلمجايل‬ ‫ِملَىن‬:
ْ‫ا‬‫ل‬ ،‫سجهة‬‫س‬‫لز‬ ‫ميتت‬ ‫سيت‬‫ت‬‫ساد‬ ‫ماء‬ ‫سا‬ ‫در‬َْ‫مي‬ُ‫ك‬َ‫ثة‬ً‫س‬‫سه‬ ‫ل‬‫ح‬ ، ‫ل‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ل‬‫ش‬ ‫س‬ ‫له‬‫ش‬‫ل‬ ‫بملمب‬‫ف‬‫ل‬ ‫ة‬ّ‫سامل‬ ‫م‬
‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫سج‬‫س‬‫لز‬ ‫لر‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫د‬-‫لر‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ك‬‫سا‬ ‫ديت‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ز‬ ‫ليت‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ،‫لل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫سحلا‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫غ‬‫ا‬ ‫لم‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ك‬‫سحل‬ ‫لذس‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫س‬‫هتا‬ّ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ِ-‫لن‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ض‬‫سمق‬ ‫لإذس‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ف‬
‫لمب‬ ‫سا‬ ‫لة‬‫س‬ ‫ع‬‫ل‬‫ش‬‫سا‬ ّ‫لة‬‫هل‬ ‫له‬‫ح‬‫لاب‬ ‫سا‬ ‫سفملل‬ ،‫سج‬‫س‬ ‫ابا‬ َّ‫هلة‬ ‫سيذا‬ ‫م‬ ‫اء‬ ‫سا‬ ‫س‬ ‫ها‬ ‫ل‬ ‫كم‬ ‫د‬ ‫إمث‬ ‫فا‬ ‫هتة‬ّ
ّ‫يفمل‬‫ا‬‫س‬‫س‬ّ‫ط‬‫ادخ‬ ‫ض‬‫ها‬ ‫د‬ ‫كم‬‫سجياز‬ ‫مااكم‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ع‬ ‫جبم‬ ‫م‬ ‫د‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫فإا‬ ،‫اب‬.
‫ِلزمني‬ ‫رتة‬ ‫ِل‬ ‫هذه‬ ‫حتديد‬ ‫يف‬ ََّ‫ِلس‬:
‫سغامه‬ ‫مب‬ ‫ساملاا‬ ‫ل‬‫س‬ ،‫جل‬ ‫م‬ ‫س‬ ‫بة‬ ‫زمل‬ ‫ة‬ ‫سي‬ُ‫ف‬‫لمب‬‫مل‬‫ب‬‫ف‬‫ل‬ ‫لاة‬‫ف‬‫سات‬ ‫ة‬ّ‫ل‬ ‫لل‬‫مل‬‫ج‬ ‫م‬ ‫سحلكممب‬ ‫لا‬ ،‫ا‬
‫سحلمل‬ ‫سة‬ ‫حم‬ّ‫سا‬ ‫سءة‬ ‫ب‬ ‫فمب‬ ‫سمل‬ ‫هي‬ ،ً‫س‬ ‫ش‬ ‫س‬ ‫لشه‬.
‫لح‬‫ص‬‫سا‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ل‬‫حل‬‫س‬ ‫م‬ ‫جاء‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ه‬ ‫د‬ ‫ل‬ ‫س‬:«‫لني‬‫مل‬‫ب‬‫ف‬‫ل‬ ‫له‬‫س‬‫ل‬ ‫لة‬‫ط‬‫ب‬ ‫م‬ ‫له‬ُ‫دق‬َ‫خ‬ ‫لع‬‫م‬ ُ‫جي‬ ‫م‬ َ‫ل‬‫ح‬‫ل‬ َّ‫إا‬
‫لع‬‫ل‬‫ب‬‫ف‬‫أب‬ ‫لمس‬‫ل‬ُ ً‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ك‬َ‫د‬َ‫س‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫لث‬‫ل‬‫مل‬ ‫مث‬ ،‫لك‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ذ‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫ث‬‫س‬ ً‫مب‬‫لغ‬‫ل‬‫ض‬‫س‬ ‫لتا‬‫ل‬‫ك‬ ‫مث‬ ،‫لك‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ذ‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫ث‬‫س‬ ً‫مب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫د‬ ‫لتا‬‫ل‬‫ك‬ ‫مث‬ ،ً‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫ت‬
10
،‫قطجل‬‫ز‬:‫يف‬‫ظالل‬‫ن‬ َ‫ِلآ‬،(‫باست‬:،‫سق‬ ‫ساش‬ ‫هسف‬‫ط‬33،9191‫ل‬‫ه‬/9111)،‫ج‬9‫ص‬ ،311.
11
‫سمظ‬:‫شك‬‫سحلم‬ ،:‫سمل‬ ‫ِله‬ ‫ْحاب‬ ‫يف‬،(‫ة‬ ‫ساقاه‬:‫ه‬ ،‫ث‬ ‫سحل‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ص‬ ‫س‬ ‫يفجل‬‫ك‬ ‫س‬.‫ف‬‫ه‬ ،.‫ت‬)،‫ج‬3‫ص‬ ،110.

7. 1
‫س‬ ٍ‫دمات‬‫ا‬ ‫قال‬‫ل‬‫ه‬:‫لمل‬‫ز‬ ‫لس‬ ٌّ‫سشقي‬ ‫سفزقه‬ ‫مده‬ ‫يفجل‬ ‫س‬.‫كم‬ ‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫لل‬‫ج‬ ‫سا‬ ّ‫ا‬‫لإ‬‫ف‬ ،‫سح‬ ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫له‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫مث‬
‫لاف‬‫ل‬ ‫سا‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫ل‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫بمل‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫مل‬ ‫ف‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ب‬‫يفا‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬ ‫د‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬ ‫ف‬ ،‫سع‬‫ف‬‫ذ‬ ‫إال‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬ ‫سل‬ ‫لني‬‫ل‬‫ب‬‫س‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬ ‫ب‬ ‫لتا‬‫ل‬‫ك‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫لىت‬‫ل‬‫ح‬ ُ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫مل‬ ‫ا‬.
‫لل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫ل‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫بمل‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫مل‬ ‫ف‬ ‫لاب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫يف‬‫ك‬‫سا‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫د‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬ ‫ف‬ ،‫سع‬‫ف‬‫ذ‬ ‫إال‬ ‫لاف‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫سا‬ ‫لني‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ب‬‫س‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫ب‬ ‫لتا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ك‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫لىت‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ح‬ ُ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫مل‬‫س‬
‫مب‬ ‫سل‬»12
.
‫ثا‬ ‫فهذري‬،‫لهتف‬‫ش‬‫سا‬ ِّ‫ل‬َ‫مل‬ِ‫ب‬ ‫قص‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ا‬ ،‫ها‬ ‫بمل‬ ٍ‫بملش‬ ‫اط‬ ‫يف‬‫ح‬‫سال‬‫س‬ ، ‫لشه‬ ‫بملمب‬‫ف‬‫أب‬ ‫ات‬ ‫بمل‬‫ف‬‫ل‬ ‫ثمب‬
‫ه‬ ‫ف‬ ‫سح‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ما‬ ‫بمل‬ ‫مب‬ ‫سحل‬ ‫اظهتف‬ ‫مث‬.
‫لك‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ذ‬ ‫لاا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫سب‬:َّ‫لا‬‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ح‬‫يف‬ ‫لذي‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫سة‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫اب‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫ت‬ ‫س‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫زسج‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ّ‫لتو‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫يف‬ ‫س‬ ‫َّة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ِ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ج‬ ‫هللا‬
‫جملل‬ ‫حامه‬ ‫ز‬ ‫فهت‬ ،‫ست‬‫ت‬‫س‬ ‫س‬ ‫لمماب‬ ‫در‬ ‫حمافظمب‬ ،ً‫ا‬ ِّ‫ب‬ ً‫ا‬ ّ‫ذ‬ ‫ني‬ ‫سل‬‫لر‬‫د‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ل‬ ‫لا‬‫س‬ ‫لمب‬‫ق‬‫طد‬ ‫س‬ ‫ة‬ّ
‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ُ‫ق‬ ‫لة‬‫س‬ ‫له‬‫يف‬‫ق‬َّ‫د‬َ‫ط‬‫س‬ ‫لال‬‫ل‬‫ح‬ ‫لم‬‫د‬‫مل‬ ‫لق‬ِّ‫د‬‫ط‬ ‫س‬ ‫ا‬ ، ّ‫ل‬‫ق‬‫ت‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫م‬ ‫سء‬ ‫ل‬‫ق‬ ‫لمب‬‫ث‬‫ثا‬ ‫لي‬‫ه‬‫س‬ ،‫لمب‬‫ل‬ ‫ظ‬ ً‫لمب‬‫ا‬‫هال‬ ‫لا‬‫ه‬‫فمح‬ ‫سءة‬ ‫ل‬‫ب‬
‫لاا‬ ‫له‬‫م‬‫يفاا‬‫م‬‫اب‬ ‫لتقة‬ ‫لت‬‫ه‬‫س‬ ،ً‫ا‬ ‫ل‬‫م‬‫م‬ ‫له‬ ‫د‬ ‫لن‬ ّ‫سه‬ ‫لا‬ّ‫ل‬ ‫لت‬‫د‬‫ف‬ ،‫لاق‬‫ط‬‫سا‬ ‫لل‬ ‫ق‬ ‫حاهلا‬ ‫سة‬ ‫ملدمه‬ ‫ا‬ ،‫سه‬ ‫س‬
‫سحمب‬ ‫س‬ ‫سادملاا‬ ‫م‬ ‫اه‬.
ُ‫فج‬ ،‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ما‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫سفع‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ف‬ ‫لن‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫س‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬ّ‫لس‬‫لت‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫س‬ ،‫لل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫سحل‬ ‫لاء‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫يف‬‫م‬‫اب‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫ف‬ ‫لع‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ط‬‫ق‬ُ ً‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫زس‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ت‬ ‫لن‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫د‬‫مل‬
"ً‫س‬ ‫ش‬ ‫س‬ ٍ‫لشه‬ ‫بملمب‬‫ف‬‫ل‬"، ‫له‬‫ش‬‫ل‬ ‫لمب‬‫مل‬‫ب‬‫ف‬‫ل‬ ‫لني‬ ‫سل‬ ‫م‬ ‫سح‬ ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫ما‬ ‫إىل‬ ،‫حم‬ ‫سا‬ ‫م‬ ‫طامب‬ ‫سا‬ ‫سف‬ ‫يفق‬‫ز‬‫س‬ ‫بني‬ ‫سسا‬
‫لن‬‫ل‬‫د‬‫مل‬ُ‫ج‬ ،‫له‬‫ل‬ ‫ف‬ ‫سح‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫م‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ب‬ ً‫ا‬ ‫فجي‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ت‬ ‫لت‬‫ل‬‫ق‬ ‫لني‬‫ل‬ ‫سل‬ َّ‫لا‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬ ‫س‬ ،‫لابق‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫سا‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫حل‬‫س‬ ‫اتل‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫لت‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫م‬
‫لق‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫يفح‬‫ا‬ ، ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ش‬‫ل‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ب‬‫ف‬ ‫س‬ ‫لر‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫س‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ش‬‫سامل‬‫ة‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫س‬ ‫لذري‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫لن‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ض‬‫س‬ ‫لإذس‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ف‬ ،ً‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ِّ‫ب‬ ً‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫لني‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫سل‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ذ‬
‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ب‬‫ف‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ح‬‫يف‬ ‫لت‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫س‬ ،‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫حما‬ ‫ال‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ح‬‫يف‬‫ا‬ ٌ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫مح‬ ‫لاا‬‫ل‬ ‫لت‬‫ل‬‫ا‬ ْ‫ذ‬‫إ‬ ،‫لل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫سحل‬ ‫لاء‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫يف‬‫م‬‫اب‬ ‫لني‬‫ل‬‫ق‬ ‫سا‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫ص‬‫ح‬ ،‫لمب‬‫ل‬ ‫س‬ ‫سا‬
‫يفاف‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫خ‬‫اب‬ ً‫ا‬‫لملا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ض‬‫س‬ ً‫ة‬‫لت‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫ج‬ ‫س‬ ‫لات‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫ح‬ ‫يفاف‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫خ‬‫ال‬ ،ً‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫ا‬ ‫يف‬‫ح‬‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ش‬‫سامل‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫د‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫سز‬ ، ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ش‬‫ل‬
‫ني‬ ‫سل‬13
.
‫ل‬ ‫تتق‬ ‫م‬ ‫ل‬‫خ‬‫ا‬ ٌّ‫ل‬‫ز‬ ‫لمب‬ّ‫ة‬ ‫لإا‬‫ف‬ ، ‫ل‬‫خ‬‫ل‬ ٍ‫جهمب‬ ‫سسة‬‫لل‬‫ث‬‫يفم‬ ،‫هة‬ ‫ل‬،‫س‬ ‫لمب‬ ‫س‬ ‫سا‬ ‫لرتة‬‫ا‬‫سا‬ ‫لذري‬‫هب‬ ‫ة‬ّ‫ل‬‫مل‬‫سا‬ ‫ن‬
ّ‫ا‬‫ل‬ ‫لك‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ذ‬ ،‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫اهد‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ِ‫سففمل‬ ،‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ َ‫لن‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ََ‫سامل‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫سختا‬ ،‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫هل‬ ‫ري‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫ست‬ ‫لة‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫اد‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ز‬‫سي‬ ‫س‬‫رت‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ح‬‫س‬ ‫م‬
‫لل‬‫ب‬ ،‫سج‬ ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لقافب‬‫س‬ ،‫هل‬ ‫س‬ ‫سة‬ ،‫ن‬ََ‫سامل‬ ‫سة‬ ‫ساكثا‬ ‫تدقر‬ ‫امن‬ ،‫مب‬ ‫سلاهد‬ ‫م‬ ‫زسجها‬ ‫ها‬ َّ‫يفتو‬ ‫س‬
12
‫سا‬‫خافي‬‫ل‬ ‫إمسا‬ ‫بة‬ ‫دمحم‬ ،:‫رامع‬‫جل‬ِ‫رحي‬ْ‫ِل‬،(‫لاست‬‫ب‬:، ‫ل‬‫ك‬‫ساا‬ ‫هسف‬‫ه‬.‫ف‬،9191‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬/9111)،،‫لق‬‫د‬ ‫س‬ ‫ء‬ ‫ل‬‫ب‬ ‫لاب‬‫يف‬
‫فقم‬ ‫ابب‬1‫فقم‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ح‬ ،2309‫ج‬ ،1‫ص‬ ،112.
13
‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ظ‬‫سم‬:‫لتف‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ش‬‫ا‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ب‬‫س‬‫لاه‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ط‬‫سا‬ ‫دمحم‬ ،:َ‫روي‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ن‬‫إِله‬ َ‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ي‬َ‫ِلهح‬،(‫لتمس‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ت‬:، ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ش‬ ‫اد‬ ‫مب‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫يفتم‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫سف‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬‫ه‬.‫ف‬،9191)،‫ج‬3،
‫ص‬113.‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫سا‬ ‫تع‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ز‬ ‫س‬ ‫لني‬‫ل‬‫ب‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬ ‫ابحل‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫اباا‬ ‫لني‬‫ل‬ ‫سل‬ َّ‫لا‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫حل‬‫س‬ ‫لجل‬‫ل‬‫ط‬‫سا‬ ‫لم‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫م‬‫س‬‫ل‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬ ‫لي‬ ،‫ة‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ش‬‫سامل‬‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ش‬ ‫اه‬
ً‫ا‬ ‫ت‬ ‫لز‬ ‫ش‬ ‫مب‬ ‫ةام‬(99×2=931ً‫ا‬‫تس‬.)‫سمظ‬:
William ,W. peck , JR , (Obstetrics and Gynecology), 4th
Edition, 1970,p11

8. 2
‫زسج‬ ‫لات‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫إذس‬ ‫لن‬‫م‬‫فكا‬ ،‫له‬ّ‫د‬ ‫لع‬‫م‬‫يف‬‫و‬‫س‬ ‫لة‬‫س‬‫س‬ّ‫لس‬‫ل‬ ‫مل‬‫س‬ ،‫لا‬‫هب‬‫ا‬ ‫ث‬ ّ‫ل‬‫ش‬ ‫لن‬‫م‬ ‫سا‬ ،ً‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ئ‬ ‫فه‬ ً‫ل‬‫لا‬‫ك‬‫س‬ ‫لن‬‫د‬‫هخ‬ ‫لا‬‫ه‬
،‫لمب‬ ‫سلاهد‬ ‫لخافمب‬‫ز‬ ‫لع‬‫س‬ ‫لق‬‫ا‬‫يف‬‫ت‬ ‫امب‬ ‫لخ‬‫ز‬ ‫لمب‬ ‫تمل‬ ‫شملام‬ ‫ة‬ّ‫بمل‬ ‫ستقت‬ ‫ج‬‫خت‬ ‫مث‬ ،‫مب‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ة‬ّ‫س‬ ً‫مب‬ ‫ز‬ ‫سال‬ ً‫ا‬ ‫ق‬
،‫ري‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ب‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫س‬ ‫لطهاه‬‫ل‬‫ض‬‫س‬‫س‬ ،‫سج‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫ف‬ ‫لني‬‫ل‬‫ب‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫د‬ ‫لع‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫جي‬ ‫مل‬‫س‬ ،‫لك‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ذ‬ ّ‫لل‬‫ل‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ز‬‫سي‬ ‫لف‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫فخ‬
‫امب‬ ‫ش‬ ٍ‫اة‬ ‫ح‬ ‫هسا‬ ‫سجهها‬ ‫م‬ ‫ل‬ ‫سام‬ ‫سإغاق‬،‫مب‬ ‫سطمئ‬ ‫مب‬ ‫امد‬ ٍ‫اة‬ ‫سح‬14
.
‫لاىل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ت‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫قت‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬ّ‫لس‬:َِ‫إ‬ ‫را‬‫ر‬‫اع‬َ‫ه‬َ‫م‬ ْ‫رم‬‫ر‬ِ‫ه‬َِِ‫إ‬ْ‫ا‬‫أل‬ َّ‫ي‬‫ر‬‫ر‬ِ‫ص‬َ‫إ‬ ‫را‬‫ر‬ َِ‫إ‬ْ‫ا‬ََ َ‫ن‬‫إ‬َُْ‫ذ‬‫ر‬‫ر‬َ‫ي‬َ‫إ‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ك‬ْ‫ن‬‫ر‬‫ر‬ِ‫م‬ َ‫ن‬ْ‫رو‬‫ر‬َّ‫ر‬َِ‫و‬َ‫ر‬‫ه‬ُ‫ر‬‫ي‬ َ‫ين‬ِ‫رذ‬‫ر‬َّ‫ل‬َِ‫إ‬
َ ‫إ‬َُ‫ر‬ََْ‫م‬ ْ‫رن‬ِ‫م‬ َّ‫ن‬ِ‫ه‬‫ر‬ِ‫س‬ُ‫َن‬َ ِ‫يف‬ َ‫رن‬ْ‫ل‬َََ‫ر‬ِ ‫را‬َ‫يم‬ِِ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ك‬ْ‫ري‬َ‫ل‬َ‫ع‬ َْ‫را‬َ‫ن‬ُ ‫رال‬َِ َ‫ن‬ْ َََ‫خ‬ ْ‫ن‬َِِ َ‫ِج‬ََْ‫خ‬ِ‫إ‬ ََْ‫ر‬‫ي‬ٌَ ِ‫ل‬ْ‫و‬َْ‫ْل‬َُِّ‫ِف‬َ‫إ‬
‫يم‬ِ‫ك‬َ‫ح‬ ‫يز‬ِ‫ز‬َ‫ع‬[‫ة‬ ‫ق‬ ‫سا‬:310].
‫م‬ ‫لح‬‫ص‬‫سا‬ ‫لر‬‫د‬ ‫لتل‬‫ح‬ ‫ة‬ّ‫ل‬ ‫سه‬ ‫يف‬ ‫سال‬ ‫ذاك‬ ‫اا‬ ‫س‬ ،‫متخمب‬ ‫س‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫در‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ام‬ ‫س‬ ‫فجمهتف‬
‫تملاىل‬ ‫بقتاه‬ ‫ة‬ّ ‫س‬ ‫مخن‬ُ‫م‬ ‫مث‬ ، ‫سيزا‬ ‫لسل‬:َِ‫ر‬‫ش‬‫إع‬ ََ‫ره‬‫ه‬َ ََُّْ‫م‬ ً‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ق‬‫يف‬‫س‬ ‫لاا‬ ْ‫ا‬‫سإ‬ ‫لت‬‫ه‬‫س‬
‫سا‬ ‫م‬ ‫يفدخ‬‫س‬ ‫فهت‬ ،‫يفاسة‬‫ا‬‫س‬‫ل‬‫سل‬.
‫سزي‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لال‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬:"‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫سا‬ ‫لذس‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫ف‬‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫ة‬ ‫لدخ‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫يف‬ ‫س‬‫س‬ ‫سني‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫يف‬ ‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ث‬ ‫ل‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫د‬ ‫لق‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ست‬ ‫لذي‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لت‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫تل‬
‫ة‬ ‫ام‬ ‫س‬"15
.
،‫با‬ ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لة‬‫ب‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫لة‬ ‫لافي‬‫خ‬ ‫سا‬ ‫لا‬‫س‬‫سي‬ ‫سري‬‫س‬‫ف‬ ‫سا‬ ،‫متخمب‬ ‫س‬ ‫مب‬ ‫سآل‬ ‫هذري‬ ‫تا‬ ‫در‬ ‫ل‬ ‫سمما‬
‫لال‬‫ل‬‫ق‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ل‬:‫لاا‬‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ب‬ ‫لاا‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫املث‬ ‫لن‬‫ل‬‫د‬‫ق‬:«ً‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ج‬‫س‬‫س‬‫لز‬ ‫لذفسا‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫كم‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫لتا‬‫ل‬‫ف‬‫يفت‬ ‫ة‬ ‫لذ‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬‫س‬»‫لمب‬‫ل‬ ‫سآل‬ ‫يفها‬‫خ‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫م‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬
،‫ها‬ ‫ت‬ َ‫لس‬ ‫ها‬ ‫يف‬‫ك‬‫ت‬ َ‫م‬ِ‫فد‬ ، ‫خ‬ ‫س‬‫قال‬:‫سكامه‬ ‫سة‬ ‫ه‬ ‫س‬ ً‫ا‬‫ئ‬ ‫ش‬ َّ‫ُغا‬‫ل‬ ‫ال‬ ‫لخي‬ ‫سبة‬16
.
‫لاا‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ث‬ َّ‫لا‬ ‫لر‬‫د‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫لذس‬‫ه‬‫س‬–‫هنع هللا يضر‬-‫لا‬‫ل‬ ‫سكا‬ ‫م‬ ‫لملها‬‫ل‬‫ض‬‫س‬ ‫له‬ ‫ساك‬ ،‫لتخمب‬‫ل‬‫م‬ ‫س‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬ ‫ل‬ ‫لم‬‫د‬‫مل‬ ‫لاا‬‫ل‬
‫يب‬ ‫سا‬ ‫سة‬ ‫ف‬ ‫يفتق‬‫ب‬.
‫ا‬‫ا‬‫رابع‬:‫د‬ِ‫ع‬‫والصغيرة‬ ‫اليائس‬ ‫ة‬(‫أشهر‬ ‫ثالثة‬)‫الحامل‬ ‫ّة‬‫د‬‫وع‬ ،(‫الحمل‬ ‫وضع‬)
14
‫سمظ‬:‫اشتف‬ ‫سبة‬:َ‫إِلهنوي‬ َ‫ِلهحَي‬،‫ج‬3‫ص‬ ،123.،‫قطجل‬‫ز‬:‫ِلمالل‬،‫ج‬9‫ص‬ ،311.
15
‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬‫سزي‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ب‬ ‫دمحم‬ ،:‫رمل‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫س‬ ‫ِله‬‫رمل‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ب‬‫ِلك‬،(‫لاست‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ب‬:، ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫سا‬ ‫سيب‬‫رت‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لاء‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫إح‬ ‫هسف‬‫ط‬9،9191‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬/9111)،‫ج‬3،
‫ص‬113.
16
‫خافي‬ ‫سا‬:‫ه‬ ‫ِل‬ ‫مع‬ ‫ِلْحي‬،‫فقم‬ ‫ابب‬ ، ‫يفاما‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫يفاب‬19‫فقم‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ح‬ ،1120‫ج‬ ،1‫ص‬ ،19

9. 9
‫لاىل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ت‬ ‫لال‬‫ل‬‫ق‬:‫ر‬‫ر‬ِ‫م‬ َ‫رن‬‫ر‬ْ‫س‬ِ‫س‬َ‫ي‬ ‫ر‬‫ر‬ِ‫ِلآلئ‬َ‫إ‬ُ‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬َ‫ة‬‫ال‬َ‫ة‬ َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬ُ‫ر‬‫ت‬َّ‫رد‬‫ر‬ََِِ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ره‬‫ر‬ْ‫ر‬‫ب‬َ‫ر‬‫ت‬ِْْ ْ‫ن‬ِ‫إ‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ك‬ِ‫رائ‬‫ر‬َ‫س‬ِ‫ن‬ ْ‫رن‬‫ر‬ِ‫م‬ ِ ‫ري‬‫ر‬ِ‫ح‬َ‫ْم‬‫ل‬ِ ْ‫ن‬
َْ‫ر‬َََْ ََّ‫ِف‬ ِ‫رق‬َّ‫ه‬َ‫ر‬‫ي‬ ْ‫رن‬َ‫م‬َ‫إ‬ َّ‫رن‬ُ‫ه‬َ‫ل‬َْ‫م‬ َ‫ن‬َْ‫ر‬َ‫ض‬َ‫ي‬ ْ‫ن‬ََ َّ‫رن‬ُ‫ه‬ُ‫ل‬َ ََ ِ‫رال‬َْ‫ِألم‬ ُُ‫َل‬ْ‫ُإ‬ََ‫إ‬ َ‫رن‬ْ‫ض‬َُِ َْ‫َل‬ ِ‫ِلآلئ‬َ‫إ‬ ََُ‫ه‬ْ‫ه‬ََُ‫رإل‬َ‫ل‬
َْ‫س‬ُ‫ي‬ ِ‫ه‬َِْ‫َم‬َ ْ‫ن‬ِ‫م‬‫س‬[‫ساطاق‬:1].
‫ِإلمجايل‬ ‫ِملَىن‬:
‫مب‬ ‫سآل‬ ‫ني‬ ‫ت‬:ِ‫ا‬ ‫ضهة‬ ‫ح‬ ‫فامقطع‬ ‫د‬ ‫سا‬ ّ‫ة‬ِ‫ز‬ ‫بدغة‬ ‫ساآلمي‬ َّ‫لا‬‫ل‬ِ‫ك‬َّ‫ربهة‬‫سيت‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫د‬‫سا‬ ‫لغاف‬‫ص‬‫سا‬ ‫لذس‬ ‫س‬ ،
‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ث‬‫ثا‬ ‫لي‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫ف‬ ،‫هتة‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫م‬ ‫يفم‬‫ك‬‫لك‬‫ل‬‫ش‬ ‫يفم‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ْ‫ا‬‫إ‬ ‫لمالء‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫ف‬ ،‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫يف‬ ‫لا‬ ‫ض‬ْ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ح‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫هل‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ك‬ ‫مل‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫لس‬ ،‫لة‬‫ل‬ْ‫حيض‬ ‫مل‬
‫لشه‬.‫س‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ساارتة‬ ‫هي‬ ّ‫هتة‬ ‫فمل‬ ،‫زسجها‬ ‫ها‬ َّ‫يفتو‬ ‫س‬ ‫لس‬ ،‫طدقمب‬ ‫س‬ ّ‫هة‬ ‫س‬ ً‫سء‬‫ت‬‫ز‬ ،‫سسل‬‫ت‬‫سحل‬ ‫ا‬ّ‫لس‬‫ليت‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لمب‬
‫هتا‬ ‫يفهن‬‫م‬‫س‬ ‫محدها‬ ‫سضملن‬ ‫فإذس‬ ،‫سحلمل‬ ‫ها‬ ‫ف‬ ‫تج‬17
.
‫هي‬ ،‫مب‬ ‫زس‬ ‫ست‬‫رت‬‫ف‬ ‫ثايب‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫مب‬ ‫فاآل‬:
9-‫د‬ ‫سا‬ ّ‫زة‬ ‫بدغن‬ ‫سايت‬ ‫اة‬ ‫ساك‬ ‫ة‬ّ ‫سهي‬ ، ‫لشه‬ ‫ثاثمب‬.
3-‫ض‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫ال‬ ‫سايت‬ ‫ساصغاة‬ ‫ة‬ّ ‫سهي‬ ،ً‫ا‬‫ض‬ ‫ل‬ ‫لشه‬ ‫ثاثمب‬.
2-‫سحلاسل‬ ‫ة‬ّ ‫سهي‬ ،‫سحلمل‬ ‫سضع‬ ‫حىت‬ ‫ة‬ ‫يف‬‫م‬ ‫س‬ ‫مب‬ ‫س‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ة‬ّ ‫س‬.
‫حت‬ ‫يف‬ َ‫ِلس‬‫ِلزمني‬ ُِ‫رت‬ ‫ِل‬ ‫هذه‬ ‫ديد‬:
‫ة‬ّ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ب‬ ‫لق‬‫ل‬‫د‬‫يفمل‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫م‬ ‫ف‬ ‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫د‬‫سا‬ ‫سل‬‫ز‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ،‫ي‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ش‬‫سا‬ ‫لم‬‫ل‬‫ك‬‫سحل‬ ّ‫لني‬‫ل‬‫ب‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬ّ‫م‬‫ل‬ ،‫اين‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫سا‬ ‫ص‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لذس‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫سف‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ز‬‫ل‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫س‬
‫ض‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫ال‬ ‫سايت‬ ‫لة‬ ‫س‬-‫صغاة‬ ‫ل‬ ‫اة‬ ‫امن‬ ‫ل‬ ً‫سء‬‫ت‬‫ز‬-‫سحلاسل‬ ‫لة‬ ‫س‬ ‫ة‬ّ ‫س‬.
‫لع‬‫ل‬‫ض‬‫بت‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫سحلا‬ ‫ة‬ّ‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫س‬ ،‫لهتف‬‫ل‬‫ش‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ث‬‫بثا‬ ‫لغاة‬‫ل‬‫ص‬‫سا‬‫س‬ ‫لاة‬‫ل‬ ‫ساك‬ ‫ة‬ّ‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫هت‬ّ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ح‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬ ‫سآل‬ ‫لذري‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ َّ‫لا‬ ‫لك‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ذ‬
‫سحلكم‬ ‫هذس‬ ‫م‬ ً‫ا‬‫سقمل‬‫س‬ ‫اا‬ ‫ساذي‬ ‫ساشك‬‫س‬ ‫س‬ ‫ساد‬ ‫سان‬‫ز‬‫فد‬ ،‫محدها‬.
‫ه‬‫ف‬ ‫يف‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫س‬ ‫م‬ ‫م‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫حل‬‫س‬‫س‬ ،‫ه‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ز‬ ‫م‬ ‫لي‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫ه‬ ‫سا‬ ‫سري‬‫س‬‫ف‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ،‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫د‬‫سا‬ ‫لذس‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫لته‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ج‬‫س‬ ‫لر‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬
‫لمه‬ ،‫سصححه‬:‫ل‬ ‫لال‬‫ق‬ ،‫لا‬‫ه‬‫زسج‬ ‫لا‬‫ه‬ ‫لتو‬‫يف‬ ‫س‬‫س‬ ‫لمب‬‫ق‬‫طد‬ ‫س‬ ‫م‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ل‬‫ق‬ ‫سا‬ ‫لتفة‬‫ز‬ ‫م‬ ‫لاء‬‫م‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ة‬ّ‫ل‬ِ ‫لن‬‫ا‬ ‫م‬ ‫لا‬
‫هنع هللا يضر‬ ‫ملجل‬ ‫بة‬:‫ل‬ َّ‫إا‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫فزتل‬‫قتاتا‬ ‫مب‬ ‫س‬ ‫لهل‬ ‫سة‬ ً‫ا‬‫لز‬:‫لذ‬ُ ‫مل‬ ‫لا‬‫س‬ ‫ماء‬ ‫سا‬ ‫سة‬ ‫بقي‬ ‫ق‬
17
‫سمظ‬:‫اا‬ ‫ح‬ ‫لبت‬‫تزف‬ ‫بة‬ ‫دمحم‬ ،:َ‫ر‬‫ح‬‫ِلب‬ ‫رن‬‫م‬ ‫ِملال‬ َ‫ِلنه‬‫لق‬ ‫ذق‬ ،:، ‫لمل‬‫ز‬ ‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫م‬(‫لاست‬‫ب‬:،‫لل‬ ‫سل‬ ‫هسف‬‫ط‬9،9191
‫ل‬‫ه‬/9111)‫ج‬ ،1‫ص‬ ،221-290.‫سغي‬ ‫س‬:ٌَِ‫ِمل‬ ‫سمل‬ ‫ت‬،‫ج‬39‫ص‬ ،912.

10. 1
‫لال‬‫ل‬‫ق‬ ،‫ليء‬‫ل‬‫ش‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬ ‫ف‬:‫لال‬‫ل‬‫ق‬ ‫لت؟‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫س‬:‫لال‬‫ل‬‫ق‬ ،‫لل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫سحل‬ ‫ست‬‫س‬‫سذ‬ ،‫لاف‬‫ل‬ ‫ساك‬‫س‬ ،‫لغاف‬‫ل‬‫ص‬‫سا‬:‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫ف‬‫ل‬‫ان‬:‫ر‬‫ر‬ِ‫ِلآلئ‬َ‫إ‬
ْ‫م‬ُ‫ك‬ِ‫ائ‬َ‫س‬ِ‫ن‬ ْ‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ ِ ‫ي‬ِ‫ح‬َ‫ْم‬‫ل‬ِ ْ‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ َ‫ن‬ْ‫س‬ِ‫س‬َ‫ي‬…‫مب‬ ‫سآل‬18
.
‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬ ‫س‬ ‫إىل‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ظ‬‫م‬ ‫هسا‬ ،‫لغاة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ص‬‫سا‬‫س‬ ‫لاة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫ساك‬ ‫م‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ش‬ ‫اب‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫سا‬ ‫لتا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫حك‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫ل‬‫لذاك‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ف‬ ،‫سء‬
،‫ساملاهة‬ ‫م‬ ‫سء‬ ‫ق‬ ‫س‬ ‫س‬ ‫الممل‬"، ‫له‬‫ش‬ ‫اب‬ ّ‫يف‬‫مل‬‫ت‬ ‫فهي‬ ،‫ساملاهست‬ ‫در‬ ‫تملاىل‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫سها‬ ‫لج‬ ‫إمنا‬ ‫حكا‬ ‫س‬‫س‬
‫لل‬‫ص‬ ‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ج‬ُ‫س‬ ‫سإذس‬ ،‫لل‬‫ص‬ ‫س‬ ‫لته‬‫ج‬‫ات‬ ‫سا‬ ‫إىل‬ ‫يفقدن‬‫م‬‫س‬ ‫ماء‬ ‫سا‬ ‫يفمااه‬‫ح‬‫س‬ ‫زسة‬ ‫م‬ ‫سا‬ ‫لت‬‫ف‬ ‫فإذس‬
‫س‬ ‫إىل‬ ‫لاهت‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫لع‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ت‬‫ف‬‫س‬ ‫مث‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫اب‬ ‫ت‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫يف‬ ‫س‬ ‫إذس‬ ‫مب‬ّ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬ ‫س‬ َّ‫لا‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬ ،‫لم‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ك‬‫ح‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫اد‬ ‫لق‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫مل‬‫لذس‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫س‬ ، ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ش‬
‫إمجاع‬"19
.
‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫س‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ة‬ّ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫س‬ ‫لذري‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ َّ‫لا‬ ‫م‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫سا‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫ل‬‫س‬(‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ش‬‫ل‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ث‬‫ثا‬)‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫س‬ ‫لت‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬ ٍ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ش‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ َّ‫ا‬ ‫لذاك‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ف‬ ،
ُ‫ق‬ ‫لس‬ ٍ‫ضمب‬ ‫ح‬‫شه‬ ‫م‬ ‫ء‬ ‫ق‬ ‫ل‬ ‫كتا‬ ‫لا‬ ‫ماء‬ ‫سا‬ ‫سم‬‫ت‬ ‫لغدجل‬ َّ‫ا‬ ، ‫ه‬20
.
،‫ض‬ ‫ل‬،‫س‬ ‫لة‬‫س‬ ‫لن‬‫م‬‫ئ‬ ‫ليت‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لي‬‫ه‬‫ف‬ ‫لاة‬ ‫ساك‬ ‫لا‬ّ‫لس‬ ،‫ض‬ ‫ل‬‫حل‬‫س‬ ّ‫لة‬‫ز‬ ‫لغ‬‫د‬ ‫ت‬ ‫مل‬ ‫سايت‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ه‬ ‫اباصغاة‬ ‫سه‬ ‫س‬‫س‬
‫بملضه‬ ‫ه‬ ‫سح‬‫م‬21
‫فقال‬ ،ً‫ا‬ ‫ز‬ ‫اذاك‬:‫ل‬ ‫سق‬ ،‫مب‬ ‫ز‬ ‫يفتا‬‫ز‬:‫سمخمتا‬ ٌ‫مخس‬.
‫لتف‬‫ل‬‫ش‬‫ا‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ب‬‫س‬ ‫لال‬‫ل‬‫ق‬:"‫لد‬‫ل‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ا‬ّ‫ياب‬ ٌ‫لجل‬‫ل‬ ‫تق‬ ‫لت‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫من‬‫سإ‬ ،‫ىل‬ْ‫لس‬ ‫ني‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ابا‬ ‫ط‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ض‬‫سا‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ت‬‫س‬"22
.‫سإىل‬
‫هللا‬ ‫فمحه‬ ‫مب‬ ‫م‬ ‫ت‬ ‫سبة‬ ‫سيسا‬ ‫ذهجل‬ ‫ذاك‬23
.
18
‫سا‬‫لي‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫ه‬‫لني‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫سحل‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ب‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مح‬‫ل‬ ،:‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ك‬‫ِل‬ ‫رنن‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫س‬‫ِل‬،‫لق‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫ذق‬:،‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ط‬ ‫دمحم‬(‫لاست‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ب‬:،‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫ساملدم‬ ‫لجل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫يف‬‫ك‬‫سا‬ ‫هسف‬‫ط‬9،
9191‫ل‬‫ه‬/9111)‫لم‬‫ق‬‫ف‬ ‫ابب‬ ،‫ه‬ ‫سامل‬ ‫يفاب‬ ،9‫لم‬‫ق‬‫ف‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ل‬‫ح‬ ،91221‫ج‬ ،2‫ص‬ ،990.‫ل‬‫حل‬‫س‬‫م‬ ‫ا‬‫لابتفي‬‫م‬ ‫سا‬:ْ‫رهد‬‫س‬‫ِمل‬
‫رحيحن‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬ْ‫ِل‬ ‫ري‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ل‬‫ع‬،(‫لجل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫د‬‫ح‬:‫ه‬ ،‫مب‬‫لاس‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ز‬‫سي‬ ‫لات‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫ت‬‫ط‬ ‫س‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫يف‬‫ك‬‫س‬.‫ف‬‫ه‬ ،.‫ف‬)،‫ج‬3‫ص‬ ،113-112‫لتفة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ز‬ ،‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫يفا‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لاب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫يف‬ ،
‫ساطاق‬.‫ه‬ ‫سقال‬:"‫جاري‬ ‫َي‬ ‫مل‬‫س‬ ‫اه‬ ‫سيز‬ ‫صح‬."
19
‫قيب‬ ‫ساق‬:‫ن‬ َ‫ِلآ‬ ‫ألحكاا‬ ‫ِجلامع‬،‫ج‬99‫ص‬ ،911.
20
‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ظ‬‫سم‬:‫سا‬‫ي‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ب‬ ‫م‬ ‫سه‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ب‬‫إ‬ ،:ْ‫رو‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫س‬‫إِل‬ ُ ‫ِخ‬ ‫رل‬‫ر‬‫ر‬ ‫تنا‬ ‫يف‬ ْْ‫رد‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ل‬ِ ‫رم‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫م‬‫ن‬،(‫لاست‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ب‬:،‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫ساملدم‬ ‫لجل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫يف‬‫ك‬‫سا‬ ‫هسف‬‫ط‬9،
9191‫ل‬‫ه‬/9111)،‫ج‬٨‫ص‬ ،23.
21
‫هم‬ ‫سس‬:‫ي‬ ‫قا‬ ‫سا‬:ْْ‫ِلد‬ ‫نمم‬،‫ج‬٨‫ص‬ ،29.‫سغي‬ ‫س‬:ٌَِ‫ِمل‬ ‫سمل‬ ‫ت‬،‫ج‬39‫ص‬ ،912.
22
‫اشتف‬ ‫سبة‬:َ‫إِلهنوي‬ َ‫ِلهحَي‬،‫ج‬32‫ص‬ ،291.
23
‫لك‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ذ‬ ‫م‬ ‫لتل‬‫ق‬" :،‫حم‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫سف‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬ ‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫سه‬‫ز‬ ‫ملني‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ز‬ ‫لس‬ ‫يفني‬‫ل‬‫ز‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ب‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬ ‫ل‬ ‫َّف‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ُ‫ق‬ ‫لت‬‫ل‬‫ا‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫ب‬ ،‫لة‬ ‫ل‬ ‫س‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ض‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ذ‬ ٍ‫ة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ا‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ح‬ ‫سال‬
‫اكاا‬‫قتاه‬ ‫م‬ ‫تف‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫س‬ ‫د‬ ‫سا‬‫س‬ ،ً‫ا‬‫ض‬ ‫ح‬:«‫ِطي‬ ‫من‬ ‫يسسن‬ ‫إِلآلئ‬»‫لاا‬ ‫لت‬‫ا‬ ‫إذ‬ ‫لة‬‫ز‬ ‫لتن‬‫د‬‫ب‬ ‫لت‬‫ه‬ ‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫هللا‬ ‫له‬ ‫ا‬ ‫لة‬‫ز‬ ‫لتن‬‫د‬‫ب‬
‫لت‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ،‫ض‬ ‫ل‬،‫س‬ ‫لة‬‫س‬ ‫لن‬‫م‬‫ئ‬ ‫ل‬‫ق‬‫ف‬ ،‫لته‬‫مل‬ ‫لا‬ ‫لة‬‫س‬ ‫لن‬‫م‬‫ئ‬‫س‬ ‫لا‬‫ه‬‫هس‬ ‫لع‬‫ط‬‫سمق‬ ‫فإذس‬ ،‫ض‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫لا‬ ‫مامها‬ ‫لة‬ ‫س‬ ‫د‬ ‫ت‬ ‫لا‬ ‫هت‬ ‫سإمنا‬ ،‫سفزتاه‬
‫لا‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ني‬ ‫ت‬ ، ‫سا‬ ‫اه‬ ‫س‬ ‫بصن‬ ‫ت‬ ‫إذس‬ ‫مث‬ ،‫بملني‬‫ف‬‫ل‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ب‬ ‫امن‬‫لاسه‬ ‫لا‬‫م‬ ‫لت‬‫ه‬‫ف‬ ،‫لمب‬‫ث‬‫ساثا‬ ‫له‬‫ش‬ ‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ب‬ ‫لا‬‫ه‬‫اسه‬ ‫سإا‬ ،‫لمب‬‫م‬ ‫ا‬ ‫لة‬‫ك‬‫ت‬ ‫مل‬
‫ات‬ ‫لرت‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬ ‫س‬‫س‬ ‫لات‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬ ‫سآل‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫غا‬."‫راإ‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ه‬ ‫ِل‬،(‫ض‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬:،‫لجل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫يف‬‫ك‬‫سا‬ ‫لامل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫هسف‬‫ه‬.‫ف‬،9193‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬/9119)‫ج‬ ،91،
‫ص‬310.

11. 90
‫سة‬ ‫حم‬ ‫سا‬ ‫سءة‬ ‫ب‬ ‫در‬ ّ‫لهل‬ ‫ال‬ ‫مه‬ ‫ف‬ ،‫سحلمل‬ ‫بتضع‬ ‫مب‬ ‫يفه‬ ‫س‬ ‫سحلاسل‬ ‫ة‬ّ ‫جملل‬ ‫م‬ ّ‫سام‬ ‫لسا‬‫س‬
‫إذ‬ ،‫لك‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ذ‬‫لتا‬‫ل‬‫ك‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ف‬ ‫لك‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ذ‬ ‫لق‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫ذ‬ ‫سإذس‬ ،‫حم‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫سءة‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ب‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫لق‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫يفح‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لت‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫ة‬ّ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫سا‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫سل‬ ‫س‬ ‫ض‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫غ‬‫سا‬
‫ها‬ ‫بمل‬ ‫يفظاف‬‫م‬‫اا‬ ‫حاجمب‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ه‬24
.
‫ا‬‫ا‬‫خامس‬:‫الطفل‬ ‫إرضاع‬ ‫ّة‬‫د‬‫م‬(‫كاملين‬ ‫حولين‬)
‫لاىل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ت‬ ‫لال‬‫ل‬‫ق‬:ََ‫راع‬‫ر‬َ‫ع‬ََّ‫ِل‬ َّ‫م‬ِ‫ره‬‫ر‬ُ‫ي‬ ْ‫ن‬ََ َ‫ِل‬َََْ ْ‫رن‬‫ر‬َ‫م‬ِ‫ل‬ ِْ‫ن‬َ‫ل‬ِ‫رام‬‫ر‬َ‫ك‬ِْ‫ن‬َ‫ل‬ْ‫رو‬‫ر‬َ‫ح‬ َّ‫رن‬‫ر‬ُ‫ه‬َ‫َلل‬ْ‫َإ‬َ َ‫ن‬َْ‫ر‬‫ر‬ِ‫ع‬َُْ‫ر‬‫ي‬ َُُِ‫د‬‫ر‬‫ر‬ِ‫ِل‬َ‫ْو‬‫ل‬َِ‫إ‬
‫ة‬َ‫د‬‫ر‬‫ر‬ِ‫ِل‬َ‫إ‬ َّْ‫را‬‫ر‬َ‫ض‬ُ‫ت‬ ‫َل‬ ‫ا‬َ‫ه‬ََ‫ر‬‫ر‬ْ ُ‫إ‬ ‫َل‬ِ‫إ‬ ‫ر‬‫ر‬َْ‫ر‬‫ن‬ ُ ‫ر‬‫ر‬َّ‫ل‬َ‫ك‬ُ‫ت‬ ‫َل‬ ِ ‫إ‬َُ‫ر‬‫ر‬ََْ‫ْم‬‫ل‬ِ‫ِب‬ َّ‫ن‬ُ‫ه‬ُ‫ر‬‫ت‬َ‫رو‬‫ر‬ْ‫س‬ِ‫ك‬َ‫إ‬ َّ‫رن‬‫ر‬ُ‫ه‬ُ‫ر‬‫ء‬ْ‫ا‬ِْ ُ‫رإل‬‫ر‬َ‫ل‬ ِ‫رول‬‫ر‬ُ‫ل‬ْ‫و‬َ‫ْم‬‫ل‬ِ ‫ري‬‫ر‬َ‫ل‬َ‫ع‬َ‫إ‬
‫را‬‫ر‬‫ر‬َ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ْ‫ر‬‫ن‬ِ‫م‬ َ ََِ‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬َ‫ر‬‫ت‬ ْ‫رن‬‫ر‬‫ر‬َ‫ع‬ ‫راَل‬‫ر‬‫ر‬َِِْ َِ‫ِل‬َََْ ْ‫ن‬ِ‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬َِ َ ‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬ِ‫ل‬ََ َُ‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ر‬ُِْ‫م‬ ََِِِْ‫رو‬‫ر‬‫ر‬ْ‫ل‬ِ ‫ري‬‫ر‬‫ر‬َ‫ل‬َ‫ع‬َ‫إ‬ ِ‫ه‬ِ‫رد‬‫ر‬‫ر‬َ‫ل‬َ‫و‬ُِّ ُ‫رإل‬‫ر‬‫ر‬َ‫ل‬ ‫رول‬‫ر‬‫ر‬ُ‫ل‬ْ‫و‬َ‫م‬ ‫َل‬َ‫إ‬ ‫ا‬َ‫ه‬ِ‫رد‬‫ر‬‫ر‬َ‫ل‬َ‫و‬ُِّ
‫ر‬َ‫ش‬َ‫ت‬َ‫إ‬‫ر‬‫ر‬َ‫م‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ْ‫م‬َّ‫ل‬‫ر‬َ ََِِ‫إ‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ك‬ْ‫ري‬َ‫ل‬َ‫ع‬ َْ‫را‬َ‫ن‬ُ ‫رال‬َِ ْ‫رم‬ُ‫ك‬َ‫ل‬‫َل‬ْ‫َإ‬َ ِ‫و‬َُ‫ر‬ِ‫ع‬ََْ‫ر‬‫ه‬ْ‫س‬َ‫ت‬ ْ‫ن‬ََ ُْْ‫ل‬َََْ ْ‫ن‬ِ‫إ‬َ‫إ‬ ‫را‬َ‫م‬ِ‫ه‬ْ‫ي‬َ‫ل‬َ‫ع‬ َْ‫را‬َ‫ن‬ُ ‫رال‬َِ َُْ‫اإ‬‫ا‬
‫ُّْمل‬ ‫تَملون‬ ‫ا‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫َن‬ ِ‫و‬‫َعلم‬‫إ‬ ‫هللا‬ ِ‫و‬‫ِتآ‬‫إ‬ ِ ‫إ‬َََُْ‫ْم‬‫ل‬ِ‫ِب‬ ْ‫م‬ُ‫ه‬ْ‫ر‬‫ي‬َ‫ر‬‫ت‬[‫ة‬‫ق‬ ‫سا‬:322].
‫لاىل‬‫مل‬‫ت‬ ‫سقال‬:ِ‫ِل‬َ‫و‬ُِّ َ‫ن‬‫ا‬َ‫ِإلنس‬ ‫ا‬َ‫ن‬ْ‫ر‬‫ي‬َّ‫ص‬َ‫إ‬َ‫إ‬ِْ‫ن‬َ‫رام‬َ‫ع‬ ِ‫يف‬ ُ‫إل‬ُ‫ل‬‫را‬ََِِْ‫إ‬ َ‫ن‬‫ر‬ْ‫ه‬َ‫إ‬ ‫ري‬َ‫ل‬َ‫ع‬ ‫را‬‫ن‬ْ‫ه‬َ‫إ‬ ُ‫إل‬‫ص‬‫م‬َُ ُ‫إل‬ْ‫ه‬َ‫ل‬ََ‫م‬ ِ‫إل‬ْ‫ي‬َ‫د‬
ُ‫مل‬َِْ‫ْم‬‫ل‬ِ ََّ‫يل‬ِ‫إ‬ َ ْ‫ي‬َ‫د‬ِ‫ِل‬َ‫و‬ِ‫ل‬َ‫إ‬ ِ‫يل‬ َُْ‫ك‬ْ‫ه‬ِ ْ‫ن‬ََ[‫اقماا‬:91].
‫ِإلمجايل‬ ‫ِملَىن‬:
*‫سىل‬ ‫س‬ ‫مب‬ ‫سآل‬ َّ‫ني‬ ‫ت‬َّ‫م‬‫ل‬ْ‫ا‬‫ل‬ ‫سهات‬ ‫س‬ ‫در‬ ‫ه‬ُ‫لسالههة‬ ‫ضملة‬‫لاء‬‫ش‬ ‫إذس‬ ،‫يفني‬‫د‬‫لاس‬ ‫يفني‬ ‫ل‬‫ز‬ ‫ة‬ّ
‫إ‬ ‫سا‬ ‫سا‬‫ت‬‫سا‬‫مب‬ ‫ضا‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ا‬.،‫له‬ ‫د‬ ‫لافف‬‫مل‬‫يف‬‫س‬ ‫لت‬‫ه‬ ‫لا‬ ،‫متهتة‬ ‫س‬ ‫قات‬َّ‫د‬‫ط‬ ‫س‬ ‫ست‬ ‫سا‬‫ت‬‫سا‬ ‫ماقمب‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬ ‫در‬ ‫س‬
‫لة‬‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫سات‬ ‫لاا‬‫ظ‬‫حا‬ ‫ف‬ ، ‫لا‬ ‫ساق‬ ‫لق‬‫ح‬ ‫ري‬ ‫سا‬ ‫سمب‬ ‫خب‬ ‫يفقت‬‫ا‬ ،‫يفه‬‫ق‬‫قا‬ ‫سحمجل‬ ،‫يفا‬‫ق‬‫ت‬ ‫سال‬ ٍ‫سف‬ ‫إز‬ ‫غا‬ ‫سة‬
‫لا‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ه‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ليت‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫ل‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ش‬ ‫س‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ت‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬ ‫لذي‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ض‬‫سا‬.‫لر‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫ث‬‫س‬ ‫سفيب‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لر‬‫ل‬‫د‬‫فمل‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ج‬‫ت‬ ‫مل‬ ‫سإذس‬
‫لاق‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫سيم‬ ‫لة‬‫س‬ ‫ب‬ ‫س‬‫لا‬‫ه‬‫ققتق‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬ ‫ساق‬‫س‬ ، ‫س‬ ‫لر‬‫د‬.‫لتاني‬‫ل‬‫حل‬‫س‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬ ‫ق‬ ‫له‬‫س‬‫فطا‬ ‫لر‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬‫ت‬‫سا‬ ‫لق‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ست‬ ‫إذس‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬ّ‫لس‬
‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ه‬ ‫د‬ ‫إمث‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ف‬ ،‫لاسف‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ش‬‫يف‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ب‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬ ً‫لدحمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ص‬‫س‬ ‫لك‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ذ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ل‬‫ف‬‫س‬.‫س‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫تطد‬ ‫لا‬ ‫سآلابء‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫ل‬ ‫لفهمت‬ ‫سإذس‬
،‫سج‬‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫هت‬‫سه‬‫ف‬‫إ‬ ‫لس‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫ج‬ ‫جل‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ب‬ ، ‫س‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫غ‬ ‫م‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ات‬ ً‫مب‬‫لمل‬‫ل‬‫ض‬ ‫س‬،‫ة‬ّ‫لاف‬‫ل‬‫ض‬ ‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ج‬‫س‬ ‫لر‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ‫س‬‫إمث‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ف‬
‫طمب‬ ‫ش‬ ،‫كم‬ ‫د‬‫ج‬ ‫س‬ ‫سة‬ ‫ه‬ ‫د‬ ‫يفم‬‫ق‬‫ستا‬ ‫سا‬ ‫هلا‬ ‫س‬‫ت‬‫فمل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫لا‬25
.
24
‫سمظ‬:‫اشتف‬ ‫سبة‬:َ‫إِلهنوي‬ َ‫ِلهحَي‬،‫ج‬32‫ص‬ ،230.
25
‫سمظ‬:‫سا‬‫صابتين‬‫دمحم‬ ،:‫مل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ِله‬ ‫وة‬ ‫ص‬،(‫ة‬ ‫ساقاه‬:‫س‬ ‫هسف‬، ‫اما‬‫ط‬9،9191‫ل‬‫ه‬/9111)،‫ج‬9‫ص‬ ،921-
921.‫سا‬،‫ي‬ ‫ممل‬‫محة‬ ‫سا‬:‫ِملنان‬ ‫كالا‬‫سمل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫يف‬ ‫ِلَمن‬ ‫ِلكَمي‬ ‫تيسمل‬،(‫باست‬:،‫زاامب‬ ‫سا‬ ‫سمزممب‬‫ط‬9،
9192‫ل‬‫ه‬/9111)‫ص‬ ‫ص‬ ،91-92.

12. 99
*‫لا‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫ل‬‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫ساثام‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬ ‫سآل‬‫ف‬َ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫سامل‬ ‫لني‬‫ل‬ ‫يف‬‫إىل‬ ‫لاا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ابيح‬ ‫لاري‬‫ل‬‫ص‬‫لس‬ ‫لني‬‫ل‬‫ح‬ ‫لاا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫سيم‬ ‫لر‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫د‬‫مح‬ ‫لذي‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬
ّ‫ز‬ ‫ال‬ ،‫ه‬ ‫سا‬‫س‬‫لني‬‫ح‬ ‫لة‬‫س‬ ،‫لملف‬‫ض‬ ‫لر‬‫د‬ ً‫ا‬‫لملا‬‫ض‬ ‫لت‬ ‫لل‬ ‫هسه‬ ‫ل‬‫ت‬ ‫سهي‬ ،‫ها‬ ‫بط‬ ‫م‬ ً‫ا‬ ‫ج‬ ‫يفه‬‫د‬‫مح‬ ‫سايت‬ ‫ه‬ّ‫لس‬ ‫ما‬
‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ض‬ ‫ابا‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫هل‬ ‫لاز‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫لت‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫س‬ ،‫لتالهة‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لني‬‫ل‬‫ح‬ ‫إىل‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫سحل‬‫لاسني‬‫ل‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬ ‫م‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫فطا‬ ‫لىت‬‫ل‬‫ح‬ ،‫مب‬.‫حامه‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ز‬ ‫ري‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫ل‬ ‫مث‬
،‫لمب‬‫ل‬ ‫ب‬‫رت‬‫سا‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ممل‬ ‫لر‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬ ‫سا‬‫س‬ ‫لك‬‫ل‬‫ش‬ ‫لا‬‫س‬ ،‫له‬‫ل‬ ‫إا‬ ‫لاا‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫سيح‬‫س‬ ‫لاا‬‫ل‬‫مي‬‫سي‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ممل‬ ‫لر‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ،‫له‬‫ل‬َّ‫ب‬‫ف‬ ‫لك‬‫ل‬‫ش‬ ‫أبا‬ ‫لاىل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ست‬
‫إزاءته‬ ‫در‬ ‫ميء‬ ‫س‬‫س‬ ،‫إحمامه‬ ‫در‬ ‫س،مة‬ ‫جيازي‬ ‫ساذي‬ ‫فهت‬ ،‫ستملاىل‬ ‫حامه‬ ‫ز‬ ‫ه‬ ‫إا‬ ‫جع‬ ‫فا‬26
.
‫ِلزمني‬ ‫رتة‬ ‫ِل‬ ‫هذه‬ ‫حتديد‬ ‫يف‬ ََّ‫ِلس‬:
‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫ظ‬‫لمله‬‫ل‬‫ض‬ ‫ت‬ ‫لا‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬ّ‫لس‬ ‫لر‬‫ل‬‫د‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ادط‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ج‬ ‫لاىل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ست‬ ‫حامه‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ز‬ ‫هللا‬ َّ‫لا‬ ‫يفني‬‫ق‬‫لاب‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫سا‬ ‫لني‬‫ل‬‫يف‬ ‫سآل‬ ‫م‬
‫لمب‬‫ل‬ ‫ابم‬‫ف‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫سحك‬ ‫لي‬‫ل‬‫هل‬‫إ‬ ٌ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ز‬ ‫لك‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ذ‬ ‫سم‬ ،‫لاسدني‬‫ل‬ ‫لتاني‬‫ل‬‫ح‬:‫لت‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫س‬ ،‫لاا‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫سيم‬ ‫لذس‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫لااق‬‫ل‬‫خ‬ ‫حامه‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ز‬ ‫لت‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫ف‬
‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫ف‬ ‫لتا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ك‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫زس‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫لر‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ص‬‫لق‬ ‫لي‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫لرتة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫سا‬ ‫لذري‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫ف‬ ،‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫سما‬ ‫ري‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ج‬ ‫لات‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫يفطد‬‫س‬‫س‬ ،‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ت‬‫قاجا‬ ‫م‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫د‬‫سامل‬
،‫مب‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ض‬ ‫سا‬ ‫إىل‬ ٍ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ج‬‫قا‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ساط‬‫لا‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫لذس‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫س‬ ،‫مب‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ا‬ ‫سا‬‫س‬ ‫مب‬ ‫لح‬‫ل‬‫ص‬‫سا‬ ‫ري‬‫ت‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ج‬‫سات‬ ‫لع‬‫ل‬ ‫مج‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫لر‬‫ل‬‫د‬‫ث‬ ‫س‬ ‫لرتة‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫سا‬ ‫لي‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫ف‬
‫ة‬ ‫ملاص‬ ‫س‬ ‫مب‬ ‫ام‬ ‫سا‬‫س‬ ‫مب‬ ‫ساصح‬ ‫حتيب‬ ‫سا‬ ‫يفه‬‫يف‬ ‫لث‬27
.
‫ها‬ ‫س‬ ، ‫لخ‬ ‫ساطامف‬ ‫سف‬ ‫لز‬ ‫سين‬ ‫سا‬ ‫يفح‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫هذس‬ ‫م‬ ‫لا‬ ‫ما‬28
:
9-‫ة‬ّ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫م‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ه‬ ‫از‬ ‫ت‬ ‫لال‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ح‬ ‫م‬ ‫سجني‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لني‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ب‬ ‫ع‬‫لاز‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫يف‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لع‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ط‬‫ق‬ ، ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫يفح‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لذس‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫لته‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ص‬‫ق‬ ‫س‬ ّ‫ا‬‫ل‬
‫اب‬ ‫لك‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ذ‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫ه‬ّ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ح‬‫ف‬ ،‫لاع‬‫ل‬‫ض‬ ‫سا‬‫سه‬‫ف‬‫ل‬ ‫لإذس‬‫ل‬‫ف‬ ،‫لا‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ه‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ع‬‫لاز‬‫ل‬ ‫يف‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لتع‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬ ‫إا‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ج‬ ‫لىت‬‫ل‬‫ح‬ ،‫لتاني‬‫ل‬‫حل‬
‫له‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫فطا‬ ‫لر‬‫د‬ ‫لا‬‫ق‬‫ستا‬‫س‬ ‫لا‬‫مل‬‫يفم‬‫ج‬‫س‬ ‫إذس‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬ّ‫لس‬ ،‫لك‬‫ا‬‫ذ‬ ‫له‬‫ا‬ ‫لة‬‫ك‬ ‫مل‬ ‫لتاني‬‫ل‬‫حل‬‫س‬ ‫لل‬ ‫ق‬ ‫له‬‫م‬‫اط‬ ْ‫ا‬‫ل‬ ‫ة‬‫لت‬‫ب‬ ‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ح‬‫ل‬
‫ذاك‬ ‫فدهما‬ ، ‫تاته‬ ‫س‬ ‫در‬ ‫ف‬ ‫ض‬ ‫ه‬ ‫ف‬ ‫س‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ذاك‬ ّ‫ا‬‫ل‬ ‫ن‬ ‫سث‬ ،‫سحلتاني‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ق‬.
3-،‫س‬ ‫مب‬ ‫لا‬‫ض‬ ‫سا‬ ّ‫ا‬‫ل‬ ‫در‬ ‫ل‬ ‫سا‬ ‫سين‬ ‫سا‬ ‫يفح‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫هذس‬ ‫سم‬‫لي‬‫ه‬ ‫لا‬‫من‬‫إ‬ ،‫لجل‬‫م‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ل‬‫ى‬ ‫لمب‬‫سلاف‬ ،‫لمب‬‫س‬ِّ
،‫مب‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ض‬ ‫سا‬ ‫لن‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫لتاني‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫حل‬‫س‬ ‫لاء‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ض‬‫ابمق‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ّ‫م‬ ،‫لتاني‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫حل‬‫س‬ ‫م‬ ‫لاا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫لربة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫يف‬‫مل‬‫س‬ ‫لتاني‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫حل‬‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ب‬ ‫مب‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ض‬‫ف‬ ‫سال‬.
26
‫سمظ‬:،‫سامابقني‬ ‫جملني‬ ‫س‬‫ج‬2‫ص‬ ،9013.‫ص‬112.
27
‫سمظ‬:‫قطجل‬،‫ز‬:‫ِلمالل‬،‫ج‬9‫ص‬ ،311.‫اشتف‬ ‫سبة‬:‫ِلهحَي‬َ‫إِلهنوي‬ َ،‫ج‬3‫ص‬ ،129.
28
‫سزي‬ ‫سا‬:‫سمل‬ ‫ِله‬‫ِلكبمل‬،‫ج‬3‫ص‬ ،111.‫قيب‬ ‫ساق‬:‫ن‬ َ‫ِلآ‬ ‫ألحكاا‬ ‫ِجلامع‬،‫ج‬2‫ص‬ ،913.

13. 93
‫ا‬ ‫سبة‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ذاك‬ ‫م‬ ‫س‬ ُ‫س‬–‫هما‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫فضي‬–‫قال‬ ‫ه‬َّ‫م‬‫ل‬:"‫لاا‬ ‫لا‬‫س‬ ‫إال‬ ‫لاع‬‫ض‬ ‫سا‬ ‫سة‬ ُ َ‫حي‬ ‫ال‬
‫سحلتاني‬ ‫م‬"29
.
‫ا‬‫ا‬‫سادس‬:‫صال‬ِ‫ف‬‫وال‬ ‫الحمل‬ ‫ّة‬‫د‬‫م‬(‫ثالثون‬‫ا‬‫ا‬‫شهر‬)
‫تملاىل‬ ‫قال‬:ُ‫رإل‬ُ‫ل‬َْ‫م‬َ‫إ‬ ‫را‬‫ه‬َُْ‫ك‬ُ‫إل‬ْ‫ه‬ََ‫ر‬َ‫ع‬َ‫إ‬َ‫إ‬ ‫را‬‫ه‬َُْ‫ك‬ُ‫رإل‬‫ص‬‫م‬َُ ُ‫رإل‬ْ‫ه‬َ‫ل‬ََ‫م‬ ‫رام‬َ‫س‬ْ‫ح‬ِ‫إ‬ ِ‫رإل‬ْ‫ي‬َ‫د‬ِ‫ِل‬َ‫و‬ُِّ َ‫ن‬‫را‬َ‫ِإلنس‬ ‫ا‬َ‫ن‬ْ‫ر‬‫ي‬‫ر‬َّ‫ص‬َ‫إ‬َ‫إ‬
َِْ‫ه‬َ‫ه‬ َ‫ن‬‫و‬ُ‫ة‬‫ال‬َ‫ة‬ ُ‫إل‬ُ‫ل‬‫ا‬ََِِْ‫إ‬…[‫حقاف‬ ‫س‬:91].
‫ِإلمجايل‬ ‫ِملَىن‬:
‫هللا‬ ‫لر‬‫ض‬‫ف‬ ‫لامها‬‫ض‬‫ف‬ ‫م‬ َّ‫ا‬ ،‫ة‬ ‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬‫ت‬‫سا‬ ‫ل‬‫ب‬ ‫لر‬‫د‬ ‫اهري‬ ‫ستملاىل‬ ‫حامه‬ ‫ز‬ ‫حث‬‫لخطهما‬‫ز‬ ‫سم‬ ،
‫هللا‬ ‫لخط‬‫ل‬‫ز‬30
‫لن‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫د‬‫مح‬ ‫ليت‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ، ‫س‬ ً‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ص‬‫خا‬ ، ً‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫جاز‬ ً‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫ل‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ه‬ ‫إا‬ ‫لاا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ابيح‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫لدس‬‫ل‬‫ف‬ ،‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫سب‬ِ‫ب‬ْ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ك‬ٍ‫ري‬
‫لقمب‬‫ل‬‫ش‬‫سس‬ ٍ‫ري‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ك‬‫ب‬ ‫يفه‬‫مل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ض‬‫سس‬ ،‫لقمب‬‫ل‬‫ش‬‫سس‬.‫لي‬‫ل‬‫ه‬ ‫لااه‬‫ل‬‫ص‬‫سف‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫د‬‫حلم‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬ ‫س‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫س‬‫س‬:‫لاسني‬‫ل‬ ‫لي‬ ً‫س‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ش‬ ‫لتا‬‫ل‬‫ث‬‫ثا‬
‫مب‬ ‫س‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ساارتة‬ ‫هذري‬ ‫خال‬ ‫تملاين‬ ‫سل‬ ‫ت‬ ‫سا‬ ‫س‬‫س‬ ،‫سمصف‬.
‫هذه‬ ‫حتديد‬ ‫يف‬ ََّ‫ِلس‬‫ِلزمني‬ ‫رتة‬ ‫ِل‬:
‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫غ‬‫اا‬ ‫سا‬ ‫لمب‬ ‫س‬ ‫سا‬ ‫لرتة‬‫ا‬‫ابا‬ ‫لال‬‫ل‬‫ص‬ِ‫ساا‬‫س‬ ‫لل‬‫م‬‫سحل‬ ‫ل‬ ‫ذ‬ ‫م‬"ً‫س‬ ‫له‬‫ش‬ ‫لتا‬‫ث‬‫ثا‬"‫لا‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫سف‬ ‫ل‬‫ز‬ ‫س‬‫س‬ ‫لم‬َ‫ك‬ِ‫سحل‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫س‬
‫َيار‬ ‫ال‬:َّ‫ا‬‫ه‬ ‫فق‬‫حتاني‬ ‫ضاع‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ة‬ّ‫فم‬ ، ‫لشه‬ ‫يفمب‬‫ز‬ ‫هي‬ ‫ادحمل‬ ‫ة‬ ‫س‬ ‫لقل‬ َّ‫لا‬ ‫در‬ ‫مب‬ ‫سآل‬ ‫هذري‬ ‫ن‬
‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫ت‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫م‬ ‫لاسدني‬‫ل‬.‫لإذس‬‫ل‬‫ف‬ ،ً‫س‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ش‬ ‫لتا‬‫ل‬‫ث‬‫ثا‬ ‫لاع‬‫ل‬‫ض‬ ‫سا‬‫س‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫سحل‬ ‫ة‬ّ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫لتع‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ى‬ ‫لاا‬‫ل‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬
ّ
‫س‬‫لتاني‬‫ل‬‫حل‬‫س‬ ‫ا‬ ‫لقط‬‫ل‬‫ز‬‫ل‬
‫لاسدني‬‫ل‬‫ك‬‫سا‬-ً‫س‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ش‬ ‫سا‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ش‬ ‫س‬ ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫ب‬‫ف‬‫ل‬ ‫لي‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫س‬-‫لني‬‫ل‬‫ث‬‫ساثا‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫س‬‫يفمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ز‬ ‫لي‬‫ل‬‫ه‬‫س‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ادح‬ ‫ة‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫س‬ ‫لل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫ل‬ ‫لر‬‫ل‬‫ق‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫فإ‬
‫لشه‬31
.
29
‫ليب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫سا‬ ‫إىل‬ ً‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫فت‬ ‫س‬ ‫سفقطين‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫له‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ج‬ ‫لخ‬:‫ِل‬‫رنن‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫س‬‫لق‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫ذق‬ ،:،‫ين‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫س‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬(‫ة‬ ‫لاه‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫سا‬:،‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ز‬‫س،ا‬ ‫هسف‬‫ه‬.،‫ف‬9291‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬/
9111)‫ج‬ ،1‫ص‬ ،921‫لم‬‫ق‬‫ف‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ل‬‫ح‬ ،‫ضاع‬ ‫سا‬ ‫يفاب‬ ،90.‫سري‬‫س‬‫سف‬‫لال‬‫ق‬‫س‬ ، ‫لا‬ ‫لة‬‫ب‬‫س‬ ‫لر‬‫د‬ ً‫ا‬‫ل‬‫ف‬‫ستقت‬ ‫لي‬‫ق‬‫ه‬ ‫سا‬:"‫لح‬‫ص‬‫سا‬
‫ستقتف‬."‫ِلك‬ ‫ِلسنن‬‫فقم‬ ‫ابب‬ ،‫ضاع‬ّ‫سا‬ ‫يفاب‬ ،1‫فقم‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ح‬ ،91119.‫ج‬2‫ص‬ ،219.
30
‫لاص‬‫ل‬‫مل‬‫سا‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ب‬ ‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫م‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ب‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬-‫لا‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫ه‬ ‫هللا‬ ‫لي‬‫ل‬‫ض‬‫ف‬-‫هللا‬ ‫لتل‬‫ل‬‫ز‬‫ف‬ ‫لا‬‫لال‬‫ل‬‫ق‬:«‫لخط‬‫ل‬‫ز‬‫س‬ ، ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬‫ت‬‫سا‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ض‬‫ف‬ ‫م‬ ‫ب‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫ض‬‫ف‬
‫سا‬‫ت‬‫سا‬ ‫زخط‬ ‫م‬ ‫ب‬ ‫سا‬».‫سا‬‫رتسذي‬‫دمحم‬ ،:‫ِل‬‫سنن‬،(‫باست‬:، ‫ل‬‫مل‬‫سا‬ ‫سيب‬‫رت‬‫سا‬ ‫اء‬ ‫إح‬ ‫هسف‬‫ه‬.‫ف‬،9191‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ه‬/9111)‫لاب‬‫يف‬ ،
‫لم‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫ف‬ ‫ابب‬ ،‫لدمب‬‫ل‬‫ص‬‫سا‬‫س‬ ‫لرب‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫س‬2‫لم‬‫ل‬‫ق‬‫ف‬ ‫ث‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ح‬ ،9101‫ج‬ ،1‫ص‬ ،290.‫م‬ ‫لاين‬‫ل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫س‬ ‫ري‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫سذ‬:‫رل‬‫ر‬‫س‬‫ل‬‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ي‬‫ِألحال‬‫رحيح‬‫ر‬ْ‫ِل‬،
(‫ض‬ ‫سا‬:،‫ملافف‬ ‫س‬ ‫مب‬ ‫يف‬‫ك‬‫س‬‫ط‬3،9102‫ل‬‫ه‬/9192)،‫فقم‬191‫ج‬ ،3‫ص‬ ،31.
31
‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ظ‬‫سم‬:‫لمب‬‫ل‬ ‫ط‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ب‬‫س‬‫لجل‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫غا‬ ‫لة‬‫ل‬‫ل‬‫ب‬ ‫لق‬‫ل‬‫حل‬‫س‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬ ،:َ‫ر‬‫ر‬‫ط‬ِ‫يز‬ ‫رو‬‫ر‬‫ل‬ِ ْ،‫لق‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫ذق‬:،‫دمحم‬ ‫لا‬‫ل‬‫م‬‫سا‬ ‫ل‬‫ل‬(‫لاست‬‫ل‬‫ب‬:، ‫لمب‬‫ل‬‫ل‬ ‫ساملدم‬ ‫لجل‬‫ل‬‫يف‬‫ك‬‫سا‬ ‫هسف‬
‫ط‬9،9192‫ل‬‫ه‬/9112)،‫ج‬1‫ص‬ ،12.‫سزي‬ ‫سا‬:‫ِلكبمل‬ ‫سمل‬ ‫ِله‬،‫ج‬90‫ص‬ ،91.