введение в политологию

b6K 66.01
LU 95
YTBep)KAeHO
PUC YlIe1l0Z0 coeema
POCCUUCKOZOyllueepcumema
opy:Jlc6bl llapoooe
OToeTCToellubiit .peARKTop-
).OI'TOP HCTOpH"IeCl<HX HaYK, npoQ>eccop .a.E. CJlU306CKUU
WyJ1cmma H.B.
BBeAel-lHe B 110JlHTOJlOnIl0: Yt.te6Hoe noc06He. - M.: IbA-BO PY,lJ,H,
2004. - 89 c.
I.eJlb Kypca - <pOpMl1pOBaHHe OCHOB AeMOKpam4eCKOH nOJlHTWle-
CKOH KyJlbTypbI, HaBbIKOB CHCTeMHoro BHAeHHll 06meCTBa, cnoco6HOCTH K
caMOCTOliTenbHOMY KpHTHt.teCKOMY aHaJlH3Y TeKylll,HX nonHTHt.teCKHX C06bI-
mH.
I.enb AeTepMHHHpyeT 3a.n.at.tHKypca: AaTb npeACTaBJleHHe 06 :,lBOJllO-
lJ,HH nOJlHTHt.teCKoro C03HaHHll; 0 TeMaTHt.teCKOM B3aHMonpoHHKHOBeHHH
np06JleM cOBpeMeHHoH nOJII1TOJIOrHH H cPYHAaMeHTaJlbHbIX np06JleM ryMa-
HI1TapHoro 3HaHHll; 06 HAeHHo-TeopeTHt.tecKoM nmOpaJlH3Me.
, CTpyKTYpa H COAep)KaHHe Kypca opHeHTHpoBaHbl Ha: v v
• _ pacKpblTHe COAep)KaHHll OCHOBHblX nOJlI1THt.teCKHH KaTeropHH,
npHHlJ,HnOB H TeOpeTHKO-MeTOAOJlOrWleCKHx nOAXOAOB;
_ paccMOTpeHHe aKTYaJlbHbIX AJIll cOBpeMeHHoH POCCHH npo6neM ne-
pexoAa 01' TOTaJlHTapH3Ma K AeMoKpaTHH, MOAepHH3alJ,H~, npaBoro COlJ,H-
aJlbHOrO rocYAapcTBa, cOBeprueHcTBoBaHHll H36HpaTenbHoH CHCTeMbI.
Oco60e BHHMaHHe YAeneHo TeMaM, pacKpblBaIOllI,HM CYlll,HOCTb H Me-
xaHH3MbI CTaHOBJleHHll nOJlHTHt.teCKoro C03HaHHll H nOBeAeHHll, KOTopble
5lBJUllOTC51npHHlJ,HI1HaJlbHO Ba)KHbIMH AJISlnOCJleAYlOllI,eH nO}J.roTOBKH nonH-
TOJlOrOB.
© 113}J.aTenbcTBo·POCcHHcKoro yHHBepCHTeTa APy)1,6bI Hapo}J.oB, 2004
© UlYJleHHHa H.B., 2004
OpraUU33lHOHHO-MeTOAUqeCKOe nOCTpoeHHe Kypca.
Kypc COCTOliT 1i3 JICKlliii Ii npaKTH'lCCKHX 3aHlITliii (CCMIiHapOB). <l>opMaT C':MHllapa -
06cYlK.nCHIiC (iiOHIiMaHIiC Ii KPIiTIi'lCCKaJI OUCHKa) TCKCTOB no KYpCY, IIo,nrOTOBKa pa:mcpHyTblX
OTBeToB Ha BonpOCbJ. I1pOBO,nHTCli ,nna nUCbMCHHblX TCCTHpOBaHHlI Ha OCIIOHC npofi.'IClHh1ro
MaTepHa.na Ii no ,norronHIiTcnbHoii JlIiTcpaTYpc. CTy,nCHTJ,J ,nOJlJKHhl BhlcTynuTh C ,nOKJlBJ!OM Ha
Bbl6paHHylO 3apaHCC TCMy H npliHlITb aKTulmOc yqacTHc B 06CyJKACHHii AOKJla).{OB, np0'lIlTaTb pll.l
}:ononHIiTCJlhHhIX TCKCTOB (maB, Pll3,nCJlOB, CTaTcil) no 3a.naHIlIO npcno}:aBaTCJllI.
YCJJOBHlI Ii KpHTCpHH BblCTaBJlCHHlI ouenOK:
OT CTy,nCHTOB Tpc6ycTCli nOCCmCHlIC JlCKlIiH Ii CCMIiHapCKHX 3aH.lITHH, 06113aTCJlbHOC )"IBCTlle
B aTTCCTaUHOHHO-TCCTOBhIX HCnhITaHHlIX, BhInOJIHCHIiC 3MaHHii npcnOAaBaTCJllI. Oco60 UCHHTClI
BKTHBHlUl pa60Ta Ha CCMHHapc (yMeHHc BCCTH AHCKyCCHIO, TBOp'lCCKHii nonxon K 3naJ1l13Y TC!(CTOB.
crroc06HOCTb qCTKO Ii eMKO ljIopMyJllipOBaTh CBOH MhICJlH), a TaKJKC Ka'lCCTBO llo,nrOTOBKH 3cce,
KOHTp0JlbHhlX pa60T (TCCTOB), nOKJIMOB.
Y CJJOBHlI aTTeCTaUHH:
l-aJI py6CJKHaJI aTTCCTaUHlI: I1HchMeHHaJI KOHTpOJlhHall pa601'a - 20 6aJlJlOB
2-aJI py6CJKHaJI aTTeCTaqHlI: I1HcbMcHHaJI KOH'TpOJlbHaJI pa60Ta - 20 6aJlJlOB
AKTHBHaJI pa60TB cCMHHapcKlix (npaKTH'lCCKHX) 3BHJlTliJlX, Hay'lHbiC C006IIICHII1I.
CBMOCTOJlTCnbHOe H3yqeHHc H OCBCmCHHC ,nonOJIHlITCJlhHhIX BonpOCOB KypCB - 20 6aJlJIOB:
Pa60Ta C rrcpBOHCTO'lHHKBMH (KoHcrrcKTHpoBaHHc, ncpCBon, pcljIcpHpoBaHlIlI). llllCbMCHHblC
pa60Tbl B .popMe 3CCC - 15 6aJlJlOB;
110ccmcHHc JlCKUliii H ceMIiHapcKHx 3aHliTHii - 5 6aJlJlOB.
l'horoBaJl nHChMCHHaJI KOHWOJlhHali &a60Ta - 20 611JlJlOB.
IDKaJlll oueHOK:
OTJlH'lHO - 87-100 6BJ1JlOB
Xoporno - 75-86 6BJ1J10B
Y,nOBJleTBOpHTeJlhHO - 51-74 6wIJIa
HCYAOBJlCTBOPHTCJlbHO - 50 Ii MCHcC 6BJ1J10B
llPllBIfJlll BblnOJJHeHHH lllfCbMeHHblX pa60T H KOHTPOJlbHblX TeCTOBbiX p1l6oT.
CnllcoK TCM UlIChMCHHhlX TBOp'lCCKHX pa601' H ,nOKJIanOB npCnJlaraCTClI c1'yncHTBM Tl lIll'la.'lC
yqC6HOrO ro,ua. C1'y,uCHT BupaBc Bbl6pa1'h 1'CMy 1i3 ,uaHHoro cnliCKa IiJlIi UPC.;ulOlKIITh ClIOIO
(cornaCOBaB C npcno,naBaTCJIeM). Hc pll3pcrnaeTCJI npenCTaBJlllTh O,nHy H TY JKC pa601'Y 60Jlcc 'lCM UO
O.nHOMy npc):(MeTHoMy KypCy. BonpOCbl H 3MaHHlI no KOHTPOJlbHhIM pa60TBM C1'aHOBllTCli H3BeCTHhi
HcrrocpC.rCTBCHHO np" 1'CCTlIpOBaHHH. Tpe60BaHHlI K Ha6paHHbiM Ha KOMnhlOTcpc TBOp'leCKHM
pa60TBM: .rBoiiHOii. mrrepBaJI, Kcmh - 14, UIiTupoBaHlie H CROCKlI B COOTBeTCTBHH C UpHHlITblMlI
CTaH.napT8MlI, TmaTCJlbHali BblBCPCHHOC1'h rpaMMaTHKH, opc1JorpalllHli H CHHTaKCHca. TCKCT "eec
}:OJlJKCH 6blTh HC MCHCC 10-12 c1'paHHU.
Taop'lecKalI pa60TB HC nOJlJKHa HMCT~ npOCTO pcc1JcpaTHBHhlii, onucaTCllbHblH xapaKTep. B Hcil
}:OJllKH8 6bITb npc.nCTaBJleHa C06CTBCHHaJI apryMcHTlipoBaHHaJI TO'lKa 3pCH1i1l, KpH1'H'lCCKali OlCHKa
paccMaTpHBacMoro MaTcpHa.na II np06J1CMaTHKII, 'lTO AOJlJKHO BhlllBli1'b aHBJlIiTli'lCCKlie cnoc06HoC1'II
cTY.ncHTa. To JKC KaCaCTCJI Ii YCTHoro Bhlc1'ynJlCHHlI-,noKllana, K01'Ophlii AOJlllleH npenCTallilllTh wo,'ii
HC rrCpCCKlI3 qyJKHX MblCJlcii, a nonblTKY caMOCTOllTCJlbHOii np06J1eMaTH3BlHIi II KOHucu1'ywIH3aUHH
onpc.nCJICHHOii, ,nOCTaTO'lHO Y3KOii H KOHKpeTHoii TCMhl. TCc1'HpoBaHHe npOBO.llITCli C TC.I. 'iToi,,!
npOBepH'l'b yCBocHHe CTY.reH1'aMH MaTepHaJIB Kypca, peKOMCHAyCMoii JlHTepaTYpbl, a TaKJKC,
npHMCHJITb nonyqeHHhlc 3HaHli1l Ha IIpaKTliKC. n03TOMY B KOHTpOJlhHyJO pa60TY BKJlIO'lCHhl KaK
BonpocbI, npOBepJJJOlIlHe c06cTBCHHO CTCnCHh 3HaKOMCTBa H nOHlIM8Hli1i cTy.nCHTaMli TeopliH, TaK Ii
60Jlcc cB060.rHhlC, TBOpQCCKIiC 3MaHHJI, paCC'lH1'aHHhle Ha npoBcpKy cnoc06HoCTii CTy,nCHTOB K
aHaJJIi3Y. 06bCM KOIITPOJlbHOii pa60Tbl, BKJlIO'lall TBOpQeCKHC 3aAaHHlI, - 2 aKa.neMH'lCCKHX 'laca.
AKaneMHQeCKaH3THKa
Bcc HMClOlllHCCli B TBOp'lCCKOti pa60Te CHOCKll 1'LIlllTe.%1l0 BhIRl';PlIIOTCli 11 CII"O:I':>1<'·'·"
«a.npcC8MJi»). Hc.nonycTHMo BKJIIOQaTb B CBOIO pa60Ty BbmCpJKKIi H3 pa60T npyrHx aBTopOB 6e3
yKlI3aHlili Ha no, ncpCCKlI3blBa1'b 'lyJKyJO pa60Ty 6J1li3KO K TCKCTY 6C3 OTCblJIKH K llei!, HCnOJlb30aaTb
'lYJKUe n.nell 6C3 yKli3aHlIJJ nepBOHCTO'lHHKlJ' 3TO KaCaeTCll'lI IiHTCpHeT-HC1'O'lHHKOB. Hc06xo,nHMO

yKll'3blllllTb 1I0JIIIMIlll,llPCCcutlTa. Bce cnyqan nnarnaTU AOJl)KHbl6bITb ~ICJ(JII)'ICllhl.B KOHue pUGO'!"bl
AaCTC" HCICPllbllllllOlllHIl ClIIICOI(Bcex JilCnOnb30BUHHbiXHCTO'lHHKOB,
1. nOJ1HTHKU leal, ot.'lUlCC'llICllIllIlClIIIIHIlI1I1t, J IpcilMCT 1I0JlHTOJl0fl1Jil,
2. MCTO,l.bl 'l'COPC'l'HICOloh Ii IIpUlIJllIiUlOlllIOJIIITIlJlOnUI.
3. I(OHl.CIITYUJlbllhIC MtlilCJIH HCTOll1l'L I lll<JIll '11.1C1<101II. mlllcupllhli1 H CllI1paJ1bllblil
MCTftl1lr•••.epllbl.
4. I(OIUPHUH'l'lIbll-l MCTllIlll1'replI, 11oc'l'MOilCI1IH1'IM,
5. CTpyKTypa nOJlH'l'Hlm-lIpUI.lOIIOll ilOlUpHlild. IloJlHlWICCl<lll1 MhIC;II. I~PCIlIII:Il) lloc 101'11 II
UHTllqHOCTH.
6. CnCUlI(pHKU nOJ1HTHQCCKOn MblCJ1H Cpe,l.lleBCKOllbll H BO~p{»I(ACmlll. IltlJIII'I'H'ICClmC
COilCPlKUHIICPCcj>OpMUUHH.
)J.onOJ1HeHHC K TeMC 6: «PcmlflUl 11nOJII1THKU. np06JICMU CCKYJ1J1PH3UII,III1».
7. nOJIHTllqCCKM MblCJ1b HOBoro BpCMCHH 11npOCBCIII,CHHJI.
8. CncUHcj>I1KUnOJ1HTllqCCKOrO Pa3BHTIIJI POCCliH. fCHC3HC pyccKoil nOJ1HTW-ICCKOilMI>ICMI.
9. PaCUBeTpyccKon nOJIHTHqCCKOn MblCJII1 B XIX BCKe. (I alTCCTalUfH),
10. CncUHcj>HKa pyccKoro KOHCepBaTI13Mal1 JIH6cpUJ1H3Ma.
11. 3B0J1IOUHJI PCBOJ1IOUHOHHoro pa.uI1KUJ1H3MUB POCCI1H XIX - XX BB.
12. CYIII,HOCTb H CTPyKTYPU n0J1I1TllqeCK6n BJ1UCTH.
13. COUHUJ1bHblC OCHOBbl rrOJIHTJilKH.
14. fpyrrnbl IIHTCpCCOB. TIo66H3M.
15. CYIII,HOCTb 11<PYHKUI1H3JIHTbl B rrOJIHTlIKC. (II UTTCCTUII,I1").
16. <l>CHOMcHnOJ1l1T11qCCKOrOJ1l1ilCpCTBU.
17. nOJIlITIIQCCKM ClICTCMU06I11,CCTBa:cTPyKTypu, <PYHKUIIII,TllrrOJIOrIlH.
18. nOJ1I1TH'-lCCKHCPClKHMbl: TOTaJJl1TUpHbln H UBTOpI1TUpHbln.
1. )J.CMOKPUTIIQCCKHMrrOJIHTIIQCCKHMpelKHM.
2. H36HpaTCJIbHblCCHcTeMbl.
3. np06JICMU rCHC3Hca rocy,llUpCTBa: OCHOBHMCrrO,l.XOilbl. t.JCJlOBC'ICCKHC06I11,HOCTH.
4. OCHoBHMe <pOPMbI rocYilapcTBcHHoro YCTpo~cTIla H npUI.lJICtlllll.
5. OCHoBHbIe npHHUHrrbl M KpllTCpllH n,paBOBOl'O H COlHaJlhllOl'O roCYUUPCTBU. CTPYKlypa
rocY,l.upCTBeHHOn BJlaCTII B POCcHncloll <l>c).lcpnlI1H.
6. IIoJ1HTHQecKHc nupTHli. Pa3DepHYTbln WI/III HO).IlHOBKl1 K K0JlJ10KBHyMy no TCMC «PU60TU
M. )J.IOBCPlKC«nOJ1I1Tl1QCCKl1Cnllpnnm.
7. 06ll1,CCTBCmlo-llom1T11'lcclmc ,llBIliI(CIIHlI. MIIOI'OnapTHHHoCTb B cOBpeMeHHoH POCCHtl.
8. nOJlI1TJIIQeCKWIKyJlh'lypa II C,0I1HUJIWJllIII1I.
9. IIOJIHTlIQCCKOC nODcilCIIHC II y'18CTHC. (I l·1TccTaIlHlI).
10. nOJ1HTIIQCCKOCC03IlaIUlC. l1)'ICOJIOI'~IJI:nOWlTlIC, CTpyKTypu, <PYHKII,HH.
11. 3BOJllOUHJI KOHCCPBUTJII3MlH JJ1~GepnJI1I3Ma.
12. MUpKCH3M H COUHUJ1-,I.cMOKpaulll.
13. <l>alllH3M H HauHOHaJJ-COUHaJJII3M.
14. nOJII1TH'-leCKM rrCI1XOJIorHJI KUK<popMa nOJII1THQeCKOrO C03HaHliJI.
<l>CHOMCH Tcppopa.
15. nOmlTHQCCKHC KOMMyHHKUUHH.(II UTTCCTUlI,lIJ1).
16. nOJ1I1TI1'ICCKOCPa3BHTHC. CYIII,HOCTb rrOJII1TI1QeCKOn MOJJ:CPHH3UII,MH,
17. nOJ1I1THLJCCKHnKOH<pJIHKTH KpH3HC.
18. IIoJlHTI1QCCKOC np0rH03MpOBaHl1e.
TIOJII1TJIIKU KaK HCOTbeMJICMhIH 3JICMCHT 06mccTBeHHoro 6blTllJl. I1CTopw'IeCllle
npl1LJMHhl B03HMKHOBCHI111 nOJ1HTMKH. OCHoBHble nOJIXOnbl K onpe,1C.1CHllJO I]O,'IIITIII;II
(0. llIncHrJIep, M. Be6ep, O. Pemll1, r. JIaccy3J1JI, A. EMpe). ITOJlMTI1Ka KaK c<j>epa
06mecTBeHHoH lKI13HH. YHI1BCpCanbHocTb nOJII1TI1KII. <PYHKUIII1 nOJlI1TllKI1
(o6eClleQCHHe l.eJIOCTHOCTI1 H eTa6HJlbHOCTH. o6IllecTBa, ynpaBJIeHQeCKall 11
perYJIlITI1BHaJI <PYHKI.HJI, <PYHKl.l1l1 1I0JIllTI1QCCKOH, COUllaJIH3al.l111, <PYHKlllll
M06MJIH3UI.I111 11 o6eClleQeHHlI 3<p<peKTHBHOCTll 06mecTBeHHoi1 ,l.e5lTeJIbHOCTll,
pal110HaJI1l3aUI1I1). ITOJII1TI1KU KUK cnoc06 cOBoKynHoH UKTHBIIOCTII COLliLL'! 1>110!"
cy61>CKTa. IToHlITlle COUl1aJIhHOrO ey61>CKTa. ITOJIHTMKU KaK npennpHlITHe H
npo<pcccHOHaJIhHaJI ,Il:CJlTeJIhHOCTh. MUpKCHcTcKoe nOHHMaHMe cymHocTM nOJlHTMKH
KUK KOHl.eHTpl1pOBuHHoro BhlpU)KeHI1H 3KOHOMllKll. CO,ll:ep)KaHl1e nOHlITHH polity,
policy, politics. CTpyKTYpa nOJII1TI1KI1 (<popMa, CO,l.eplKaHl1e, npouecc). YpOBHI1
ocymeCTBJ1eHl1l1 1I0JlliTI1KI1 (I1HAHBI1AYUJIhHhIM, JIOKaJIbHbIM,' HaUI10HaJIhHbIH,
MelK,I.YHapO,ll:HhlH). CrreUli<pllKu MCCJIe,ll:OBUHllH 1I0JlMTllKH HU MUKpO 11MllKpO ypOBH5IX.
TIOJII1TOJI,Orl1l1 KUK TCOpeTMQeCKaJI JlI1CUl1nJII1Ha. CMcTeMHblH xapaKTer.
nOJII1TOJIOfl1l1. ITpeJlMeT 11 <PYHKI.HM nOJIMTOJIOfl1l1. ITOJ1I1THLJeCKlie 3aKoHoMepHocTH.
TeOpCTI1QeCKllH, 11 rrpliKJIaAHOM ypOBHI1 OpraHI13a:!.-II1H rrOJIHTOJIOmLJeCKOrO 3HaHHJI.
B3UHMOCBJI3h rrOJII1TOJIOrnH C <pHJIOc0<pl1eH (rrpeJlMeT 1I0JIHTHQCCKOH (pl1J10eO(pllH),
COI.I10JIOm:eM (lIpeJlMeT IIOJII1TI1LJeCKOH COUHOJIOn-m). npaBoBblMH JIHCUHnJTHHaMH.
HCToplieH. CTpYKTYPa nOJIliTOJIOrliLJeCKOrO 3HaHlUI. TIOJlHnlLJeCKU5I aHTpOnOJlOrH5I,
nOJII1TMQeCKaJI rrCI1XOJIOrIDI, HCTOpH5I nOJIHTI1LJeCKHX yqeHIIH, nOJ1I1THQeCKaSl
reorpa<pHH, 1I0JIllTliQeCKaJI 3KOJIOrllH. OCHOBHhIe HUnpaBJIeHH51 cOBpeMeHHoM
nOnliTOJIOrnH: COI.MOJIOrnQeCKOC, HopMaTHBHO-HHCTI1TYUliOHaJIbHOe, 3MnHpHKo-
aHUJII1THLJeCKOC. OCHOBHhIC np06JICMbI cOBpeMeHHoH rrOJII1TOJIOrHI1.
3aAaHHe Ha ceMHHap: - OCHOBHble nOJlXO,l.hl K onpeJleJ1eHHIO nOJIHTHKH; -
rrpe~McT, CTpyKTypa H $YHKUHli nOJIHTOnOTIlH; - M. Be6ep «TIOJII1T.l1Ka KUK IIpo<pecCIl51
11npH3BaHHe» (,Il:OKJIM).
'KOHTpOJlbHLle BonpOCbl:
.1. KaKl1c nO,)lXO,l.hl K onpc,!CJIeHHIO nOJII1TMKH npHHJlTO Bb!AeJIJlTh?
2. OXUpaKTepl13yHTe HCTOpHQeCKlle KOpHH nOJIHTHKI1.
3. qTO npeJlCTUBIDIeT C060H CTpyKTypa rrOJII1THKH?
4. KUKHe ypOBHI1 oCYII.ecTBJIeHl1l1 rrOJII1TIIKH BbI 3HueTe?
5. B QeM npoHBnlleTcH YHliBepCaJIbHOCTh nOJII1TMKli?
6. B QCM cneUH<pMKa nOJIMTMKll KaK o6mCCTBeHHoH C<pePhl?
7. )J.aiiTc onpe,!cncHlie rrpe,!McTa rrOJIliTOJIOrHH.
8. KaK COOTHOCHTCH nOHHTI1H «policy», «politics», «polity»?

9. KaKJile 3aKoHoMepHOCTJiI Jil3YT.laeTnomlTOnOrflll?
10.l1epeT.lJilcnJne JiIoxapaKTepmyiiTe <pyHKUHH nonHTOnOrHH.
1 Lt.I't'o npe,D;CTaOnlleT C060H cTpyKTypa nomlTonOmqeCKOrO 3HaH1111?
12.KaKoe MeCTO 3BHHMaeT nomnonorml B CI1CTeMe ryMamlTapHOrO 3HaH1111?
13.0xBpaKTepH3y~he B3aHMOCBJl3H nOnJlTonOrHl1 C qmnocoqmeH, COUHO,10nlCft.
llpaBoDhlMH ,l1.HCL(JiI11nHHaMH.
14.PacKpoA:re llp06neMUTltKy coopeMeHHoM .TIOnHTOJIOnm.
15.CpaoHHTe KOJ1W'IOCTOCHHhlCH Ka'ICCTBCHHble MCTOAbI TeOpeTI'I'T.leCKOH
nOJ1HTOJlOrHI1.
16.B qeM cneul<p"ICa npHI(JIIl)HO~ 1I0JII1T0J101'1111'?
17.0npe)1.eJlwre POJ11>611XOl1l10PWIMBIl /lOJ!l1'l1lJ1lH'IH1. ~
18.KaKylO POJlb HrpaeT 113Y'lelme 110JJI11'OJorHI1II (IOpMl1pOlllllll1l1 1l0Jl~ITI1LleCI<()11
KYJlbTYPbl JlHT.lHOCTI1?
JIHTepaTYpa:
1. 110JlJilTonorHJl. YT.le6Hl1K./l1oJl pe,D;.M.A. Bacl1J1l1l<a. M.: rapllap~lIo1, 2()()1.
fJ1.I.,
2. llpxHH IO.B., 30TOB B.)J,., 30ToBa J1.B. 110JlHTonorHJl: YT.le6HI1I<. M.: IOpI1CT'b,
2001. fn.L
3. 06maJI H npl1KJ1MHaJl TIOnl1TOnOrHjl. YT.le6HOe noc06He. 110,D;06m. peA. B.11.
)J.{yKoBa, D.H. KpaCHooa. M., MfCY: 113,D;-BO«COI03»,1997. fJI. I, IV, V.
4. l1yraT.leB B.I1., ConoBbeB A.ll. BOe,D;eHHe0 nOJIJoITOnOrJoiIO.Yqe6HHI< .'lJlll By10B.
M.: AcneKT npecc, 2000. fn. 1, n.
S. I1paKTJilKYM no nOJlHTOJlOrHH: YT.le6HOe noc06Jo1e,D;nJlBy30B II10A pe,D;.M.A.
BaCHJlMKa. M.: fap,D;apl1KH, 2000.
6. Be6ep M. 110mmiKa KaK npo<pecCHJl H npH3BaHHe.lcaih: www.
shulenina@narod.ru
7. AnMOH,D; f.I1OJlHTHT.lecKaJI HayKa: l1CTOpHJl,D;HcUHnJlHHbllll1oJlHc, 1997. N~6.
8. 113ro'eB A.C. 06 HHTennHreHTHoH MOnO,D;e)J(H.(3aMeTKH ° ee 6bITe H
HactpoeHlffix). II BeXH. C60pHHK cTaTeH 0 PY~CKOH HHTeJlnHreHUMH. 113
rJly6HHbI. C60pHHK CTaTeH 0 pyCCKOH peBOJIIOUllH. M., 1991. CC.97 - 122.
TeOpeTHT.leCKMH H npHKJlMHOH ypoBHH nOJIHTOnOrHT.leCl<oro HCCne,llOBaHHJl.
KaT.leCTBeHHble MeTO,lJ.bl nOJIlHOnonm: ,D;e,D;yKTHBHbIH, nOrHKo-<pHJlOC0<pCKHH,
aKCHOJlOrHtleCKHH, cpaBHMTenbHblH (crosS-aHaJIH3, cross-studies, HopMaTHBHo:
HHCTHTYUHOHaJIbHbIH). COUHOJIOrHT.leCKHH, aHTpOnOnOrH'IeCKHH, nCI1X0J10mqeCKH ~1
MeTOJlbl.
IIpHKJIa)lHaR nOJlHTOnOrHH KaK cOBoKynHocTb TeOpeTHT.leCKHX MO,D;eneM,
MeTo.n;onOrHtleCKHX npmmHnoB, MCTOJlOB H npoue.n;yp HCCne,D;OBaHHJl, a TaKIKe
nonHTOJlOrHQeCKHX TeXHOJlOrnM, KOHKpeTHblx nporpaMM 11 ,peKOMeH,lJ.aUMii,
opHeHTHpoBaHHblx Ha npaKTHT.leC¥Oe npHMeHeHMe, ,D;OCTHIKeHHe peaJIbHOrO
nOJlHTHT.leCKOrO Cl<p<peKTa. KOHKpeTHaJI nOnHTH'IeCKall cHTyaUHlI KaK npenMeT
HCCJleJlOBaHHjl npHKJla,lJ.HOH nOJIHTOnOrHH. POJIb 6HxeBHopH3Ma B <pOpMl1pOBaHI1H
npHKJIa,D;HOM nOnHTOJIOrHH: rHoceOnOrM'IeCKHe OCHOBaHI111 611XeB110p113Ma;
6HxeBHopHCTCKaJI TpaKTOBKa CyW,HOCTH H ueJleH n03HaHHJl; np06neMa oCBo6ml<,D,eHI111
HayKH OT ueHHOCTHbIX C~,D;eHHM; ClMnHpHT.leCKMM<paKT; rHnOTe3a.
CtpYKTYpa H MeTO,Ubl nocTpOeHHJl H OCHOBHble npHHUHnbl HaYllHoH TeopHH.
110cTaHoBKa np06neMbI H3YT.leHHJlHenOcpe,lJ.cTBeHHo Ha6JIIO,llaeMoro I1H,llHBI1,lly<UlhHOro
H rpynnoBoro nOnHTHT.IeCKOrO nOBe,D;eHHll. 110Be,lJ.eHHe KOHKpeTHoro '1eJI0Bel<a Kal<
rnaBHbIH 06beKT nOJlHTOnOrHT.leCKOrO H9cJle,D;OBaHHJl. )J,OMHHl1pOBaHl1e
nCHXOnOrHT.leCKMX MOTHBOB B IlOJlJ.frHT.leCKOM nOBe,D;eHHH. 110HllTHe CTpyKTypHO-
JIorHT.leCKoM MO,llenH 06w,ecTBa. MeTo,D;onorHT.lecKMM; MeTO.'lI1T.1eCKHH (Teopl1H
H3MepeHHll H OCHOBaHHblX Ha HeH MeTo,Uax c60pa 11 o6pa60TI<H nepBH'IHOfi
nOnHTMT.leCKOHMH<popMaUHH); npOue,D;ypHbIH (TeXHOJIOnI'IeCKI1H) ypOBHI1 npHKJla,lHOfi
nonMTonorHH.
Onpe,D;eneHHe nOnHTOJIOrHT.leCKoro HCCJle,D;OBaHHJl. nO,D;rOTOBKa
nOJlHTOnOrHT.leCKOrO HCCJle,D;OBaHM:MeTO,D;OJlOrHT.leCKaliOCHOBa, ,D;OKYMeHTbI,D;JIlIc60pa
HH<popMaUHH, aHaJIHTHT.leCKaJlrpynna, opraHH3aUHoHHoe 11MaTepl1anbHO-TeXHI1'leCKOe
o6eCneT.leHHe. l(eJib nonHTOnOrHT.leCKOrO liICCJIe,D;OBaHHlI. CneUH<pHl<a pe1YJlbTaTOS
npHKJIa,D;Horo nOJlHTOJlOrHT.leCKOrO HCCJle,lJ.OBaHHJl. 3Tanbl nOJIHTOJlorl1'1eCl<oro
HCcne,lJ.OBaHHjl: nO,D;rOTOBKa;coop nepBHT.lHOH HH<popMaUHH 0 nOnHTH'IeCKOM C06b11'HH;
u6pa60TKa c06paHHoM HH<popMaUHH; aHaJIH3 06pa60TaHHoH HH<popMauHH 11
<pOpMyJlHpoBaHHe BbIBO,lJ.OB;nO,lJ.rOToBKy peKoMeHAaUHH ,lJ,JljlnpJolHJlTHJlnOJ1HTI1'1eCI<I1X
pemeHMH. •
l1cnonb30BaHHe B npHKna,D;HOH nOnHTOJIOrHH 06meHay'lHblx MeTO,llOB H epe.aCTS
MHKpOnOJlHTHT.leCKOrO aHaJIH3a. Ha6J1IO,lJ.eHHe· C06bITHii (<popMa «OTKpbITOH
KOHcTaTaUHll <paKToB»; <popMa «BKJlIOT.leHHOrO Ha6mo,lJ.eHHlI». KOHTeHT-aHanH3 I<al<
MeTO,lJ.npHKna,lJ.HOH,nOnHTonorHH. MeTO,U onpoca npJlMbIX, 1<0CBeHHbiX YQaCTHHI<OB
nOnHTHT.leCKHX C06bITHM, ClKcnePTOB. I1poBe,lJ.eHHe MaCCOBbIX (aHKeTHblx HJlH ,D;pyrHx)
onpOCOB. CneUH<pHKa HrpOBblX MeTO,D;OB. l10lUlTHe MO,D;enH. YaCTHble MeTO,lJ,bI
HCCJIe,lJ.OBaHMH (<paKTOp~aHaJIH3, MeTO,lJ. KOrHHTHBHbIX KapT MaTpI1U;
KOH<pHrypaTHBHbJe Mccne,UOBaHM; 6Horpa<pHT.leCKHH aHaJIH3; 6J1aHK-HHTepBblo
ClKcnpecc-onpoc M ,D;p.). OCHoBHble BM,lU>I npHKna,D;HblX nOJIHTOnOmT.leCKHX
HCCJle)J.oBaHHH: M3blCKaTeJlbHbIH, onHCaTeJlbHbIH, aHaJIHmT.leCKHH. MaClllTa6HOe
nOJIHTHT.leCKOeC06bITHe KaK 06beKT onllcaTenbHOrOHCCJle,lJ.OBaHHJl. CneuH<pHKa 3a,lJ.aT.l
aHaJIHTHT.leCKOrO HCCne,lJ.OBaHHJl.3KcnepHMeHT KaK O,lJ.HaH3 <pOPM aHaJlHTI14ecKoro
HCCJle,D;OBaHHJl.AHKempOBaHHe H HHTepBblOHpoBaiHe KaK OCHOBHble BI1,llbl onpoca.
C<pePbl HCnOJlb30BaHM npHKJIMHLlX HCCJle,lJ.OBaHHH: onpe,lJ.eJleHHe nyTell
npe,lJ.OTBpameHHH HJlH pa3pemeHHll COUHaJIbHblX KOH<pJlHKTOB; - np06neMbI Be,D;eHHlI
neperoBopoB; - npoBe.n;eHHe H36HpaTeJIbHbiX KaMnaH11l1; - oblpa6oTKa 11 npHHlITl1e
noJ1HTHT.leCKHXpemeHHH. .
3allaHHe Ha ceMHHap: KaqeCTBeHHblC MeTO,lJ,bl nOJU1TOJIOmQeCKoro
HCCJIe,D;OBaHHlI;- npeJlMeT, ctpyKTYPa H <pyHKUHH npHKJ1a,D;HOHnOJlHTOJlOrHH; - UeJIH,
MeTO,lJ.bIIi TIarIbl npHKJla,D;HOrOnOnHTOJIOrHT.leCKOrOHCCJle,llOBaHMJl(,D;OKJIM).
KOHTpoJlbHble BonpoCbl:
1. .name onpe.neJIeHHe npHKJIMHOli nOJlHTOJlOnm.
2. Bbl.ueJlHTe npe)J;lloCbIJIKH Pa3BH'fHj! npHKJla,D;HOH nOJlHTOJIOrHH.
3. OxapaKTepH3YHTe 06nacTb HHTepecoB npHKJIMHOM nOJIHTOnorHH.

TeMa 3: KOHl.enTyanbHble MOAenllllllcToplIIlII.
'-'IIIKJUt'lHbl~, nil1HeapHbl~ III cnlllpanbHblYl MeTanaTTepHbl.
AaHHJIeBCKoro: xapaKTepMCTHKH, CTYneHH p83BHTH5I, BH,UbIKyJIbTypHO-I1CTOpW-IeCKOrO
THna, npHHIJ,Hrr yTHJIHTapHOCTH, «3HeprHYHble KyJIbTyphm, 06meyeJIOBeyeCKOe H
BCe"leJIOBeyeCKoe. O. lllrreHrJIep: MHP KaK npHpo,Ua H KaK HCTOpHlI, THIIWleCKoe B
CTHXHH KyJIbTypbl, KyJIhTypa KaK opraHH3M, ,Uyrna KylIbTypbl, UHBHJIlnaIJ,HlI KaK
HeH36eJKHOCTbKOHua KYJIbTYPbI. A. TOHH6H: H,Ueli UHBHJIH3aIIHH, llJIIOpa:mCTH'lHOCTI,
o61IIecTBeHHoro e));HHCTBa, CTa));1I1I UHKlIa, MexaHH3M CTa));HHHOrO nepeXO,LIa,
«TBOp'feCKOe MeHbIIIHHCTBO» KaK ));BHJKYlIIaH CHlIa pa3BHTHli UHBHJ1H3aWiH,
«MHMeCHC», npH'lHHbl BbIpOJK,UeHIIH<~HeTBOp'feCKOrO60J1bIllHHcTBa», yHHBCpCaJ1bHOe
rocy));apCTBO, BbICIllali pemlrHH. H.A. KOH,UpaTbeB: KOHIJ,enUHlI BOlIHOBoro
UHKlIHyeCKOrO npoIJ,ecca. ]1. H. ryMHJIeB: 3THOC KaK <popMa CYlIIeCTBOBaHHlI BH));a,
06'be,UHm!lOmall: 6HOC<pepy H o6mecTBo; npHHIJ,Hn KOMnJ1HMeHTapHOCTH;
rraCCHOHapHOCTb KaK aHTMHHCTHHKT; rrpwumhl H MO,UyCbl naccHoHapHocTH;
rraCCHOHapHH, cy6naccHoHapHH, KpHTH'leCKali Macca; «3TH0J1aHlIUJaqnHoe
paBHOBeCHe»; <p83hl 3THoreHe3a, rrpHMHTHBHhIe HapO,LIhI KaK KOHeYHble CTMHH
3THoreHe3a.
JIHHeapHblH MeTaiIaTTepH (n,ep<peKTHBH3M; 3CXaTOJIOrH3M; MHlIJIeHapH3M,
yyeHHe 0 Hooc<pepe): H,Uell: nporpecca KaK pe3YJIhTaT 60Ph6hl 3a ,LlyXOBHylO
3MaHCHrraIJ,HIO;OTpHI:(aHHe rapaHTHpOBaHHOCTH H aUTOMaTH3Ma B HCTOpHH; perpecc.
OCHOBHble nOJIOJKeHJ1jIKOHIJ,enuHH )K.A. KOH,UOpC3: nporpecc KaK UUpCTBOpU3YMU;
pa3YM KaK OCHOBaHHeHCTOpHYeCKOrOe,UHHCTBaJIIO,UeH;3aKOHOMepHOCThnporpecca,
OCHOBHble 3rrOXH p83BHTHH IIHBHJIH3auHH. TIp06JIeMaTHKa KOHIJ,enI:(HH O. KOHTa;
COOTHOIlleHHe nporpecca H rrOpll:,UKa; 3BOnIOI:(H5I H nporpecc; cTyneHH nporpecca
'leJIOBeyeCKOH rrpHpO,Uhl (YyBCTBO, P83YM, ,UeHTeJIbHOcTb); BH,UbI nporpecca; e,LlHHOe
yeJIOBeyeCTBO; 3aKoHoMepHocTb o61IIecTBeHHoro p83BHTHH. TIp06JIeMa pa3BHTHli KaK
npo6neMa nporpecca; 06'beKTHBHoCTh nporpecca; O,LIHOpO,LIHOe;
p;H<p<pepeHIIHpoBaHHoe;HHTerpHpoBaHHoe B TeOpH.H.r. CrreHcepa. KOHIIenIIHH «KOHIJ,a
HCTOpHH» <P. <PyKY5IMhI: yHH.BepCaJ1H3aI(HH 3ana,UHoH ,UeMOKpanm KaK KOHeu
H.CTOpHH, «3a,IBOpKHH.CTOpHlI» H. HeH.36eJKHOCTh «nOCTHCTOpHH» (yTlfJIHTapH3M,
3KOJIOrH"IeCKHenp06JIeMhl, OTCyTcTBHeno,UnHHHOrQ,HCKYCCTBaH <pHJIOCO<pHH).
CrrHpaJ1hHbIH MeTanaTTepH: KpHTHKa npe<popMH3Ma H <paTaJIH3Ma;MapKCI1CTCKOe
nOHHMaHHe HCTOpH'leCKOrO rrpouecca. AHaJIeKTHKa KaK Y1.J.eHHe0 pa3BI1THI1. 3aKOHhl
p;HaJ1eKTfjKH. CneIIH<pMKa rereneBCKoro nOHHMaHHH 06mecTBeHHoro pa3BI1TI111.
MaTepHaJIHCTH'leCKOe rrOHHMaHHe HCTOpHH(HcTOpH"IeCKHH MaTepHaJ1H3M): npHpOAa H
HCTOpHH; HCTOpHli KaK p;eHTeJIbHOCTh, npeCJIe'uyIOlIIero CBOHueJII1 yeJIOBeKa;
IIeneco06p83HOCTb H 3aKOHOMepHhIH xapaKTep HCTOpHYeCKOrO rrpouecca,
npeo6p830BaTeJIbHbIH xapaKTep CYIIIeCTBOBaHHHH pa3BHTHH o61IIecTBa; np0l13BOnCTBO
H BocnpOH3BOP;CTBOMaTepHaJIbHbIX 6JIar KaK Heo6xo,UHMoe YCJIOBl1e'ieJIOBeyeCKoro
CYIIIeCTBOBUHHH, cy6CTaHIIHH HCTOpHH; BHP;hI o6mecTBeHHoH neTepMI1HaUHlI;
TMI;I0JIOrH3aIIJ1jI H nepHOp;H3aUJ1jI "IenOBe"leCKOH HCTOpHM (Hp;eH 061IIecTBeHHo-
3KOHOMHqeCKOH <POPMUIIHH KUK COBOKYnHOCTH npOH3Bo,UHTeJIbHhTX CRJI,
npOH3BOi:CTBeHHMX OTHOITIeHHHH COIIHaJIbHO-nOJIHTI11.J.eCKOMHanCTpOHKI1; cTyneHI1
BceMllpHOH HCTOpHH; eCTecTBeHHoHCTOpHqeCKHHXapaKTep CMeHbI 06mecTBeHHo-
3KOHOMHyeCKHX <pOpMar(MM; npH'lli¥hI H ,lI,BH)I{~aH CHJIa(KJIaCCOBaH 60ph6a)
COUHaJ1bHOHpeBOJIIOI:(HH).
3a,llaHHe ua ceMHuap: - cIleIIH<pHKa ryMaHHTapHoro Il03HaHHlI; - COOTHOIlleHHe
rrOHHTHH «rrapa,IHrMa», «MeTanaTTepH», «KOHuen-ryaJIbHaH Mo,UeJIb I1CTOpmm; -
4. B qeM cneUHq>HKa I1CCJIe));OBaHHlIB rrpHKJIanHOH nOJII1TOJIOrHH?
5. KaKHe BH.):hlnOJlHTOJIOrHyeCKHXHCCJIenOBaHI1HB rrpl1KJIa;llHoH 1l0nl1TOnOrlfl1
cylIIecTByIoT?
6. KalwBhI l~eJlT>H 3U,l.~a'lHnpHKJIaP;HOro nOJIHTOJIOrHyeCKOrOIlCCJIeiIOBaHl1l1?
7. BhIp;eJUiTe ypOBHH npl1ICJlap;HOrOnOJIHTOJIOrl1'IeCKOroHccnenOBaHHll:.
8. KaKHe :nanhl npHKJIll,llliOl'O nOJIHTOJIOfHyeCKOrOHCCJIenOBaHHHnpl1HHTO
Bblp;eJIHTh?
• 9. PacKpolhe CO,L0P)I(l:HHCOCIIOBlihlX MeTO,UOBnpHKJIap;HOHnOJIHTOJIOfHH.
10.TIepeqHCJII1TO C(repbl IIpl1MClHCmUInpI1KJU1;lHOMrrOJII1TOJIOrHH.
JlHTepanpa:
1. 06maH H npHKJla)~lIall nOJIWrOJlOl·HIl. Y'lc6. Hoco6Hcl nop; 0611. peA. B. VI.
)l(YKOBa, E. 11. KpaCHOBll. M., 1997, I'JI. XLI 11:
2. TIyra"leB B.TI., COJIOBheB A.VI. BBC.nCII1101I lH)mrJ'()JIlI'~IIO: Y'lc611111(IlJlll By-lOll.
3-e H3p;., nepepa6. H p;on. -- M.: AcneKT llpecc, 2000. I'JI.2. N!!4.
3. TIOJIHTOJIOrHH:Y'le6HHK IrIo.u pep;. M.A. Bacl1nI1J(u. M., 2001. 1'JI 1,
4. MaTBeeB P. <P. TeOpeTH'feCKaH H npHKJIa));HaHnOJIHTOJIOl"l1lJ- M.: Poco HOJlI1T,
3HUHKJI., 1993. - 239 c.
5. MaHreMM ,ltlK., PH"I P.K. TIOJIHTOJIOrHH.MeTOnhI Hccne,UOBaHHH.M., 1999.
6. JIe6e,UeBa M.M., MeJIhBHJIb A.ID. CpaBHHTeJIbHaH nOJIHTOJIOrHll, MHpoBaH
rrOJIHTHKa, Me)I{,l:(yHapop;HbIe OTHOIlleHHH: p83BIfTHe rrpe,UMeTHhIx 06JIaCTeH
IlI1oJIHc.1999.N24.C.130-140.
TIoHHTHe «HCTOPJ1jI». YHHBepCaJIbHOCTb M YHHKaJ1hHOCTh HCTOpl11.J.eCKOrO
B3aHMop;eHcTBHIl. l1cTOPJ1jI KaK KOJIJIeKTHBHaHnaMHTh. 06'beKTI1BHOe H cy6'beKTIfBHoe
B HCTOpHM. CrreI:(H<pH.KU ryMaHHTapHoro HCCJIep;OBaHHH.OcHoBHbIe no,Uxop;bJ K
HCTOpHH: npe,IMeT HCTOpHH - HHP;HBHAYaJIhHOeB 06mecTBeHHoll )I(H3HI1 (e,l.I1HI1YHOe,
THnH3aIIHH); CTpyKTYPHhle 3UBHCHMOCTHB HCTOpH'feCKOH peaJIbHOCTH KaK npep;MeT
COIIMOJIOnm; aHaJ1HTH"IeCKaH <pHJIOCO<pHHHCTOpHH - <pHJIOCO<pHHHCTOpHYeCKOrO
n03HaHJ1jI H.3HaHHH; cy6CTaHTHBHaH <j>HJIOCO<pHHHCTOpHH- HCTOpHHKaK TOTaJIbHOCTh,
H3yqeHHe KaY3aJ1bHhIXH MOTHBaUHOHHhIXCTpyKTyp, UeJIeH, CMbICJIaI1CTOpl1l1.
¢HJIOCO<pHHHCTOpHH. MHoroBUpHaHTHOCTh H aJ1hTepHaTHBHocTbJ1CTOpHyeCKOrO
npollecca. HCTOpH"IeCKaH peaJ1hHOCThKaI( OHTOnOrH'feCKaHOCHOBanaTfepHa. HCTOpH5I
KaK IIeJIOe H Hp;eH HCTOpHH. MeTanaTTepH KUK coe;lUIHCHl1e ,HH,UJ1BH.uYaJIhHOrO,
BCeMHpHOrO, MHpoB033peHyeCKH-MeTOP;OJIOrl1yec!<o['o ypoBHeH OCMhlcneHHSI
HCTOpli'feCKoro. MeTarranepH KaK HBJIeHHe lleJ10BeilCcl<OHnpaKTHKH. MeTanaTTepH 11
KOHIIeII1)'aJ1hHaH MOp;eJIhHCTOpHH.TIoHIlTHe «llapap;HrMhI».
L(HKJIH'feCKHH MeTarraTfepH. I.'HKJI KaK 3JIeMeHT MH<ponOrHyeCKOH KapTI1Hhl
MHpa; aHTH'lHhle Mo,UeJIH (repaKJIHT, DJIaTOH, ApHCTOTeJIh, TIOJlH6I1H). TeopHH
HCTOpHQeCKOrO KpyroBopOTa A)J(. DHKO: cOTBopeHHocTb KaK pewalOme~ yCJIOBHe
MbICnHMOCTH Bcero cYlIIecTBYIOlIIero, Bce061IIHOCTb nopllp;Ka, TpH 3nOXH. pa3BHTHIl
Hapo,UoB, nepeBopOT KUK MexaHH3M cMeHbI3nox, HeH36eJKHOCTb pacna.ua KaK
3aBepmeHJ1jI IJ,HKJIa. KOHIIenIIHIl «KYJIhTypHO-HcTopH"IecKl1x THnOB» H.5I.
-""""- •••._- ••••:_s:.Ki.;.'.".lbllZ•.""

OCHOBHble rrOJIO)leHI1H u.I1KJIl1qeCKOrO, JII1HeapHOrO, Cnl1pa.rlbHOI'O MeTanaTTCpHOB;
3aKOHbJ ,nHaJIeKTHJCI1(,nOlmal).
KOHTPOJ!b!!bJC Bonpoc!>J:
1. PaClcpoRTe co,nepliCOBI1C OCIIOBHblX nWXo,nOB K onpe,neJIeHJ.lIo HCTOpHH.
2. KaK COOTHOCllTCll npe'~McTHhle 06JIaCTJiI JilCTOpml, COUJilOJlOfJilHJiIqm':lOcoeplHl
HCTOpHH?
3 ... qTO OTpa)laeT rrOHllTHC «MoTamnTcpH»?
4. CpaBHHTe OCHODHble nOJImlCelUlll 1l'lIcml'leCKoro H mlHeapHoro MeTanaTTepHoB.
5. KaKoH CMblCJI BKJIa,nbIBaeT (I). <l>ylCyllMO B IlhlpmlCeHHe «ICOHel.HCTOPIH1»?
6. CepOpMyJlM:pyHTe OCHOBHble 3aKOBbl AHIIJ1CICTI1ICH.
7. pacKpoHTe OCHOBHble rronOllCeHHll MaTep"'UJIJ.lCTl"le,~,(()1'l nOIlHMUHHll 11CTOPI1I1.
KOBapHaHTHbIH MeTarraTTepH. KOHuenu.1111 «oceBoro BpeMeHI1» K. 71cnepca;
cOBpeMeHHocTb KaK rrp06JIeMa; rrOHllTl1e «I1CTOpl1qeCICOH '3IIOXH»; LfenoneLleCK()t' I"
I1CTOpHQeCKOe, OCHOBHbJe THrrbI COUl1aJIbHOCTH (<<3Mrrl1pI1QeCKOe 51», ~('leJIOBeK KaK
C03HaHHe Boo6me», .«ypoBeHb ueJIol(THoCTI1 MbIIIlJIeHI1J1»); 3K3I1CTeHUH}l KaK }l,npo
'ieJIOBe'ieCKOH JIH'iHOCTH, «cHTyaUI1J1» (HerroBTOpl1Mall HCTOpl1LfeCKall peaJlbHOcTb);
cBo6o,na KaK aTPH6yT 3K3I1CTeHUHH; rrorpaHH'iHall cI1Tyau.l1J1 KaK rrpopblB B MHp
TpaHcu.eH,neHTHblx 06'beKTOB; 3aKOH ,nOJI)leHCTBOBaHl1l1,TPaHcl.eH,l:eHTHOCTb MopanH;
'ieJIOBeK KaK cBo6o,na H B03MOIICHOCTbcYlUecTBoBaHHlI; MHp KaK none B03MOIKIIOCTcll;
YHHBepCaJIbHOCTb H TPaHcu.eH,leHTHOCTb; KOMMYHHKaTI1BHocTb H npe,nMeTHocTb KaK
KpHTepHH HCTHHbI HCTOpHH; ,nyxoBHali 3TaJIOHHOCTb H YHMKaJIbHOCTb oceBoro BpeMeHJiI
(cymecTBoBaHHe npocTpaHcTBeHHo 1130nHpoBaHHblx, KOMMYHI1KaTI1BHo p0,l:CTBeHHblx
KynbTyp); . rrp06JIeMa elliHCTBa HCTOpHH; OCHOBHble 3f10XI1 MMpOBOH HCTOplH1
(npoMeTeeBcKali (,lOHCTOpH'ieCKall) 3noxa, 3rroxa BeJlI1KHX KyJIbTyp .upeBHOCTI1, oceBali
3noxa KaK Ha'iaJIO MHpOBOH HCTOpl1H - nepexol 01' MHepa K JIorocy, np06Y)K~eHHe ~yxa
'ieJIOBeKa; BTOpall npoMeTeeBcKaH 3noxa).
llocTMo,nepHHcTcKHH MeTarraTTepH. MCToKH MOJl.epHa. llpl1HUHnbl Mo,nepHa KaK
HOBoeBporreHcKoro THno pauI10HaJIhHOCTH; Pa3Yll1 KaK yHHepMUJilpylOlUee HaLfaJlO,
aHaJIH3 KaK rnlUlHblH MeTo,nOJIOrH'leCKHH npMHUHrr, .uI1XOTOMMli 06'beKTa M cy6'beI<Ta,
MOHH3M, rrpH3HaHHe 06'beKTHBHbIX YHMBepCaJIbHblX 3aKOHOB pa3BHTHli Ml1pa, n03HaHHe
KaK nOHCK HOBblX CYlUHocTeH, 3KcTeHcHBHblH xapaKTep 1103HaHI1~I,Bepa B nporpecc,
TOTaJIbHOCTb MMpa H n03HaHHll, HH~MBH,n KaK 6a30Bali e,nHHI1I~a06mecTBa.
TIocTMo,nepH KaK peaKUHll Ha HeraTHBHble HTOI"l1 npaKTH"IeCI<OH peaJII13aUHH
npHHJ.J,HnoB MOlepHa (TOTaJIMTapH3M XX DeI<a). l1ocTMoJl.epH KaK He~oBepMe K
HCTOpH'ieCKM npe,nIIIeCTBylOlUHM MeTaHappaTHBaM. OCHoBHble nOHlITl1l1
nOcTMOJl.epHH3Ma: MHKpoypoBeHb; epparMeHTapH3au.Hll H napTHKynllUHH MHpa;
Me)l(,l(YH3M; Mrpa KaK rnaBHblH MHpoB033peH"IeCKI1-MeTo.uOJIOrH'ieCKMH npMHUMn;
COU.HaJIbHOCTb KnK rrepenJIeTeHHe H3bIl<OBblX Hrp; JII1HHll KaK rrpou.ecc, BelUb KaK
cOBoKynHocTb JIHHHH; CHMyJI»U.HlI; WH30aHaJIH3 KaK npoeKT opraHH3au.1111
'ieJIOBe'ieCKHX IICeJIaHHH; HH,nHBH,nYaJIH3aUHll 6e3 cy6'beKTa; MHlHBHlYaJIbHbIH Bbl60p
KaK e,nHHcTBeHHbIH KpHTepHH lellTeJIbHOCTH; pM30Ma KaI< HOBbIH 06pa3 H cnoc06
10
6bITHJI B MCTOpI1H; H,nell CaMOJl.OCTaTO'iHOCTH Bcex MCTOpMqeCI<I1X 06pa30BaHMH,
HCTOpHli KaK Be'lHOe CTaHOBJIeHHe HaCTO}lmero.
3aAaHHe Ha ceMHHap: - OCHOBHble nOHHTHli M npl1H1lMnbi KOHuenlJ,HH oceBoro
BpeMeHM K. 71cnepca; - np06JIeMa HCTOpHH B Mo,nepHe 11nOCTMOJl.epHe (Jl.OKJIa.u).
KOHTpOJlhHhle Bonpochl:
1. KaKHe np06JIeMbi B u.eHTPe BHI1MaHHll KOHu.enu.HH «oceBoro BpeMeHH>}?
2. B '1eM co,nep)laHHe «oceBoH 3nOXH}}?
3. PacKpOHTe OCHOBHble nOHHTMHYKa3aHHOH KOHuenUI1M.
4. KaKoBbI OCHOBHble npHHu.HrrbI MOlepHa?
5. B qeM npH'iHHbl B03HHKHOBeHHlI nocTMo.uepHit3Ma?
6. KaKoBo OTHoweHHe nOCTMOlepHH3Ma K OCHOBHblM I1CTOpl1"1eCKI1M
MeTanaTTepHaM?
7. CpaBHHTe OCHOBHble rrOJIO)leHHll MOJl.epHa H nocTMo,nepHa.
JIHTeparvpa K TeMaM 3 H 4:
1. rpe'lKO TI.K. KOHu.emYaJIbHble MOleJIH HCTOpHH. M., 1995. ce. 26 - 102.
2. MOM.uIlrnH K.X. BBeleHHe B COI.HaJIbHYIOepHJIOCOepl1lO:Yqe6. noc06He. M.,
1997. C. 29 -71; 155 - 229.
3. r06030B M.A. BBe,neHHe B epHJIOCOepHlOHCTOpHH. M., 1980. C. 5-23.
4. CpaBHMTeJIbHOe H3yqeHHe U.HBHJIH3auHH: XpeCTOMaTl1l1: Y'ie6. noc06He lJIli
cTYleHTOB By30B. M., 1998. CC. 521 - 537.
5. ,aaHHJIeBCKHH H.71. POCCHli M EBporra. M., 1991.
6. ryMHJIeB n.H. KOHeu. H BHOBb Ha'iaJIO. M, 1994.
7. TOHH6H A. TIocTHIICeHw.e MCTOpJolH.M., 'l991.
8. 71cnepc K. CMblCJI M Ha3Ha'leHMe I1CTOpMM.M., 1995. CC. 76 - 87.
9. KOJIJIHHrBy.u P. ,AIIc.l1.rIeli HCTOpHH. M., 1980.
10.cI>eBp n. EOM 3a HCTOpHIO. M., 1991.
II.,aeJIe3 )K., rBaTTapH cI>.PH30Ma II HJIOCOepHli3nOXH nocTMo.uepHa. I C6.
nepeBo.uoB H peepepaToB. MHHcK, 1996.
12.TIocTMo,nepHH3Mhttp://www .cudenver.edul~mruder/itc data
TeMa 5: CTpyKTypa nonMTIIIKo-npaBoBoH AOKTpIIIHbl.
nOJ1I11TIII'IeCKaRMblCJ1b ,QpeBHero BocToKa III aHTM'fHOCTIII.
llOHliTHe H cTPYKTYpa rrOJIHTHKO-npaBoBblx ,nOKTpHH (MeTo.uOJIOfH"IeCKall
OC~OBa; CO,lep)laHHe; rrporpaMMHble,nOJIOIICeHHll).' Kpl1Tepl1M oueHKH. TIpe.LIMeT H
np06JIeMaTMKa MIIY. OCHoBHble no,nxo,nbl K Tl1nOJIOrl1H HCTOpHH rrOJII1HIKO-rrpaBOBbIX
.uOKTpHH.
Pa3BHTHe nOJIHTH'ieCKOH MbICJIH Ha OCHOBe MHepOJlOrH'leCKOrO MHpOB03'lpeHI111.
06mall xapaKTepHcTHKa nOilHTH'IeCKHX Y'ieHI1H ,apeBHero BocToKa. CneUHepHKa
,npeBHeHH,l(HHCKOro 06mecTBa: BapHbl. CBHmeHHble TeKCTbl ( «PMrBe.ua») KaK
HCTO'iHHKH nOJIHTHKO-npaBoBblx H,l(eH. TIp06JIeMaTHKa «3aKoHoB MaHy».
«ApTxawacrpa, HJIH HayKa 0 nOJIHTHKe}) KaK HaH60JIee COJl.epIICaTeJlbHhIH
nOJIHTH'ieCKHHTPaKTaT ,LWeBHeH I1HlHH.

CneU;l-HpMKanOJIMTWleCKOH MlilCJIM ):WeBHero XMTall: np06rreMbl opraiunamll1 11
yrrpaBJJeHMM rocy.lapCTBOM, MeCTO lJe'JJOBeKaB Tpa.lI1l110HHOM 06meCTBe. OCHOBHble
nOJIO)l(eHMM 3TMKO-nOJIMTHlJeCKOH .lOKTpI1Hbl KOH<PYlHlI: KyJlbT He6a H KyrrbT
.llpeBHOCTH, KOCMHlJeCKOeBCee.llHHCTBO,MHp - pl1Tyan - peJJI1rH03HblH KYJlhT, npl1HlHHI
.ll06pO.lleTeJJM KaK OCHOBa nOJJIfTHqeCKoro yqeHMlI KOH<jJyUl1l1, nOHliTHe «rocynapll».
npOMCXO)l(,lleHMe BnaCTM, nOHMTMe «cnpaBe.llJIIfBOrO nopMIlKa», rrOHlITlfe
«6JIaropoAHoro My)Ka», «lfCnpaBneHMe IfMeH», rrpl1HU;lfrr HelleJlHMlI, «ChIHOBhJl
nOqTHTeJIl;,HOCTli», M.llell nyTIf. KOH<jJyU;HaHCTBOH nerM3M. IJ,eHTpanliHliIe nOWliTHli
llaOCH3Ma: «.llao 6e3b1Mm1HOC», «1UO06JIa.llalOlIJee HMeHeM», «Y-B3H». DOJlIfTWleCKlfe
B033peHI111.llaOCOB.
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):WeBHeii fpeU;MM. 3nlTH3M KaK ,lIOMMH8HTUnOmITI1LleCKOM:MhlCJll1 ,lJ,peBHeM:rpel~I1H 11
PMMa (IIrraToH, ApMCTOTeJIh, IJ,Mu;epOH). rOCYllapCTDO !(al( IJOnJ1011~CHHepa3yMa, HJ.eaJI
COBepmeHHOH aBTapKMM. MO.lleJIM If.lleaJIbHOrO rOCYllapCTIUI I(naTOHa: l1.ucaJlhllOC
rocy));apCTBO - cnpaBe.llJiMBoe npaBJJCHl1e 1136pal-U'ctwxMy.upelOB (11'I1JIOCOlIJOll)Kal(
Cpe.llCTBO cnaCeHMJl 6eCCMepTHOH ));yml1; HeCOBepweHHhle 1l0JJI1TWIeCKI1Cll)OP~11,1
(TMMOKpaTI1Jl, OJIMrapXMJl, ));eMOKpanUI); 060CHOBaHHC l1epapXI1H COC.10BIIH;
paCTBopeHMe JIMlJHOrO B rOCY.llapCTBeHHOM; CMCTeMa KOHTpOJlMHa.!l 06pa30BaI-lHeM H
BOCnMTaHMeM rpa)l(,llaH, np06JIeMa c06CTBeHHOCTIf. ApHCTOTeJIb: o6oco6JJeHlfe
nOJIMTMlJeCKOrO YlJeHMJl B p8MKax <pIfJlOC0<pCKOH CIfCTeMhl; lJeJJOBeK KaK
«IlOJIIfTMqeCKOe )KIfBOTHoe», IlplfOpHTeT 06ru;ecTBa-rOCY.llapCTBa Ha)); rpa)K)laHI1HOM;
rOCY.llapCTBO KaK BOIIJloru;eHMe cnpaBe.llnHBOCTH M npaBa, Bblpa)KeHl1e 06mero
MHTepeca, nponlBonOCTaBJIeHMe CBo60));hI M pa6CTBa, npl1lJHHhl nepeBopOTOB,
npaBMJIhHhle H HenpaBMJIhHhle <jJOPMIiI npaBJleHI1Jl, nOJlI1TI1Jl KaK H.!lean npaBJleHl1l1
(coe.z:JMHeHHe));06pO.lleTeJIM, 60raTCTDa, CB060));hl). E.z:JHHCTBOeCTeCTBeHHoro npaBa
(HCTHHHoro 3aKOHa) H rOCYllapCTBa.
DpaaOBM HanpaBJIeHHOCTh nOJlHTHlJeCKOHMblCJlH ):{peBHero PHMa (IJ,HUepOH 0
cyru;HOCTH HMIIepHM). Tocy));apCTBO KaK Bhlpa)KeHHe 06ru;ero I1HTepeca 11
cornaCOBaHHoe npaBOBoe 06ru;eHHe; reHeTHlieCKM rrepBl1qHOCTh HCTI1HHOrO 3aKOHa.
llpOCThle <jJOPMhlIIpaBJleHlUI: u;apCKaJlBJlaCTli, BJIaCThOnTI1MaTOB,HapO));Hall BJlaCTh.
3a.z:JaHHCHa ceMMHap: - OCHOBHlile THlIOJIOrMlf HCTOpl1H nOJlI1TIfKO-npaBOBbIX
));OKTpMH;- cpaBHHTeJlhHIiIH aHaJIH3 1I0JlHTlflJeCKOHMblCJlI1):{peBHell I1H.lHH H llpeBHero
KHTM; - OCHOBHliIenOHJlTHJlI1 np06JIeMaTHKa nOJII1TJ1LleCKOllMhICJ111):{peBHci1 rpCUlIIJ;
• 3TaTM3M nOJIHTHlJeCKOHMIiICJlM ):WeBHero PMMa.
JIuTcparypa:
1. HpXHH IO.B., 30TOB B.):{., 30TOBa H.):{. lloJllnoJlorMJl: YlJe6HI1K. M., 2001TJl.2,
N22.
b HCTOPHJl110JIHTHlJeCKMX11npaBoBhlx yqeHHH. M., 2000. rJ1.1, 2.
3. AHToJlorl1Jl MMpOBOHnOJIMTMlJeCKOHMbICJlH: B 5 TT. M., 1997. T.!.
4. CeMeHeHKo H.H. A<jJOPI13MhlKOH<pYU;MJl.M., 1987.
5. BaCHJlheB H.C. KOH<PYU;MW/BOlJPOChl HCTOpHI1.1989. N!!3.
6. BaCMJllieB H.C. HCTOpHJl peJlHrMH BocToKa. M., 200 J. CC. 19 - 28, 397 - 407 .•
fJl. 12,14,17, 18, 19.
7. XpeCTOMaTI1J1no HCTOpl111):WeBHero MHpa. COCT3BI1TCJlhE.A. YepKucoBU. M.,
1991.C.31-42;
12
8. XpecTOMaTHJl 110I1CTOPI1M):WeBHero BOCTOKa. DOll pe.z:J.M.A. KOpocTOBu;eBa H
.z:Jp.M., 1980.lJ.1. C.152-175.
9. 3aKoHhl MaHy. M., 1960.
10. ApTxamacTpa, HJIMHayKa nOJlHTI1KI1.M., 1993. C. 31 -37; 284 - 299 .
11. IIrraToH. C06p. COq. B qeTblpex TOMax. M., 1990. T.l; 3; 4.
12. ApMCTOTeJIh. COlJ. B qeTlilpeX T6Max. M., 1984. T.4.
TeMa 6: CnelIIIcf>IotKa nOl1lotTw·lecKoH MblCl1l11 Cpe,qHeBeKoBbfl 11
B03p0>K,QeHlotfi. nOl1I11TI1'1eCKOe co,qep)l(aHlote PeepopMallotl1.
TeOKpaTM3M KaK rJlaBHlilH rrpI1HU;I111nOJlHTl1lJeCKOH MlilCJlI1 Cpe)lHIfX BCKOB.
XpHcTHaHcTBo KaK rOCY.llapCTBeHHaJl pemIrHJI. Pa3pa60TK3 o<pHU;MaJlhHOH));OKTpI1Hbl
u;epKBI1 ABrycTI1HoM. OCHoBHlile nOJIOlKeHI1Jl 1l0JII1TI1QeCKOrO YlJeHl1l1 ABrycTHHa:
npOTI1BOnOCTaBJleHHe «rpa));a He6eCHoro» H «rpMa 3eMHoro»; KOHuerrUI1Jl «JlYlJmeH
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nOJIHTHqeCKMX .llOKTpMH. DOJlI1TI1QeCKOe YQeHHe <t>OMhl AKBI1HCKoro:. lleHHOCTb
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rOCY.z:JapCTBOKaK Cpe));CTBOcoxpaHeHHJI MHpa; MopanhHali 060CHOBaHHOCTh nOJlHTHKH;
BMlIhl npaBa (BelJHOe, 60)KeCTBeHHoe, eCTeCTBeHHoe, 1l03I1TI1BHoe);
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rocy));apCTBa, CMemaHHM <jJopMa ITpaBJleHl1jl. TeOpHJl cyBepeHHTCTa (MapclfJlI1H
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BexH pa3BHTWI MaCCOBoro C03HaHHH: - MH3aHTponH'IeCKHH nepCOHaJlH3M,
rrp06JleMa caMOOCY)K.lleHWI (paHHM pe<popMaI.HlI); OIlTHMMCTH1.JeCKI1H
HH.llI1BH)lyaJIH3M U03.uHeH pe<popMaI.HI1. Pe<PoPM8UHlI KaK npe.llTeqa TIpoCBeII:eHH.sJ.
(Tpe60BaHl1e Bce06II:ero 06pa30BaHHH nOA yrp030tl OCTpaKH3Ma; 06Pa30BaHHbIH
XPliCTHaHl1H KaK ouopa IlpOTeCTaHCKOH I.CPKBH; <pOpMHpOBUIII1C IICMeUKoro 1I3blKa KaK
cpe.llCTBa CnJlOlJ:eHI1~ HauMH; OTKpblTHe nOWlHfIIIOr'O XPI1CTllUIICTBa n,111 rep~taIHli1;
paCKOJl n:epKOBHoro e.llMHCTBa 3aIla.llHOH EBponhI).
ElOprepCKoe li H,a.pO.llHOeHaIlpaBJleHHe B PC<pOpMUUHH. KanbBI1HH3M.
TIoCTpe<pOpMUllHH KaK pe3YJlbTaT rJly60Koro peJIHrH03HO-rrOJIMTl1lJeCKOrO
KpH3Hca. Pa3PyuIHTeJIbHblH xapalcrep 6JlH:lKai%UUlX COI.HaJIbHhlX nOCJIe,nCTBHn
Pe<popMaUHM: pe.llyKUHlI npl1HI.Hna 'COBeCTH .ll0 MileH KHlI:lKeCKI1-rOCYllapCTAemloii
peJIHrH03Hoii He3aBHCI1MOCTH, yKpynHeHl1e nOJIHTI1'leCKIIX Kom!lJIHKTOIl' :-ICiIUY
peJlHrH03HO o<popMJleHHbIMH 4>eO.llaJIbHbIMI1 KOaJIHUI1.sJ.MH(KpeCTbHHCKa.sJ.BOI1Ha 1524-
1525, Tpl1.uuaTMJIeTHH.sJ.BOHHbI 1618-1648), B03pacTaHH~ COUHaJIbHOH arraTHI1, aHOMI1I1,
I1ppeJII1rH03HOCTI1 HaCeJleHHjJ, ueHHocTHbIH KPH3HC, MHJIHTapHCTcKoe pa3JIQ)KeHHe
<peO.llanH3Ma, yrp03a BapBapH3aUMH EBponbI, «OXOTa 3a Be.llbMaMH», )leMOpaJIH3aUHlI
06mecTBa, peJII1rH03HbIH npoTeH3M, KOHlj>eccHOfiaJIbHblH 6eCnOpll1l0K, BoeHHO-
.llHrrJIOMaTI11.JeCKl1eI1HTpMnI. JiIcrrOJlb30BaHI1e peJIMOj03HbIX CHMBOJIOB,uJ111npHKpblTHH
rpyurroBblx I1HTepecoB. feTepoHoMHOCTb nOBe.lleHI1H 1'1 YTI1JlHTapH3auHjJ MOpaJIH.
BoeHHO-rrOJlHTI1lJ:eCKM HHTpHra KaK orrpel:eJIHIOII:aH <popMa liCTOpHlJ:eCKoro .lleiiCTBlijJ.
JiITor rrocTpe<popMan:l1l1: peJIl1rH.sJ.He OUpe.lleJllleT rrOJlHTHry.
3allaHue Ha ceMUHap: - cymHocTb peJII1rM03HOH 06yCJIOBJ1eHHOCTH nOJIHTHKI1 B
Cpe.llHl1e BeKa; - UOJlHTHqeCKl1e I.eJIH epeceH (.llOKJIa.u); - nOJII1TI1'leCI<OC CO)ICpiKmlHc
Pe<poPM3.I:HI1.
JIHTeparypa:
1. JiIpXMH 1O.B., 30TOB B.):(., 30TOBa JI.):(. TIOJIMTOJlOrM.sJ.;Y1.Je6HHK. M., 200 I. ['JI.::?,
.NO! 3 -5.
b. TIomITOJlOrmI: Yqe6HMK I TIO.ll pe.ll. M.A. BacI1JII1Ka. M., 200 I. ['JI.2, N~I.
3. JiICTOPWl rrOJlHTMlJeCKHX1'1npaBoBblx yqeHl1it Y1.Je6HI1KI TIO.ll peil. 0.3. JleHcTa.
M.,2000. rJI. 3,4,5.
4. TInaTOH. focY.llapCTBo. COq. B 3 T. M., 1971. T.3. q. I. T. 3. q. 2. M., 1972.
5. ApHCTOTeJlb. TIOJIHTHKa. COq. B 4 T. M., 1984:T.4.
6. [(HuepoH. ):(l1aJIOrH. 0 rocY.llapCTBe. 0 3aKOHax. M., 1969.
7. Be6ep M. TIpoTecTaHcKali 3THKa, 1'1)lyx KanHTaJIH3Ma II Be6ep M. JiI36p. co'!. M.,
1990.
8. COJIOBbeB 3.10. TIpoIIIJloe TOJIKyeT Hac: (OqepKH no I1CTOPI1Hlj>HJIOCO<pMH1'1
KYJIbTYPbI). M., 1991. C.54-127.
BnHjJHHe 4>eHoMeHa PeHeHccaHca Ha np06neMaTHKy IlOJlHTl1lJeCKHX .llOKTpHH.
Haqano rpa)K)laHCKOM rpaKToBKH IlOJIHTHKH. H. MaKHaBeJIJIH: .llOKTpI1Ha MOpaJIbHOH
n:enec006pa3HOCTH, TeOpl1l1 nOJIHTH1.JeCKOrOpecrry6nHKaHH3Ma, pa3pa60TKa HOBoro
MeT0.lla IlOJlI1TI1lJ:eCKOH HayKI1. TIp06JleMaIlp0I1CXO)K.lleHI1.sJ.11 OCHOB rOCY.LapCTBa,
HH.llHBHkrpU)K,n;aHHH, Heo6xo.llHMOCTb e)lHHOBJIaCTHH. Pa3pa6oTKa Teopl1l1
cyBepeHHTeTa )1<' EO.lleHoM: rocY.llapCTBO KaK rpU)K,l:aHCKa.sJ.BJlaCTh, cyBepeHMTeT KaK
a1plH6yr rocY.llapCTBa, rrpaBo MOHapxa. I1;.J,eMHoe c0.llep:lKaHHe paHHero KOMMyHH3Ma
(T.Mop, T. KaMUaHeJIna).
JiIH.llHBM.llYaJIH3M H·.lleMOKpaTH~M KaK .uOMHHlIHTbI nOJIHTHqeCKHX Y1.JeHHMXVII
--'XVill. TeopH.sJ.eCTeCTBeHHoro rrpaaa (T. r066c): BepxoBHali BJIaCTb, He3aBI1CI1MOCTb
cBeTcKoro rocY.llapCTBa, OTKa3 01' TeopMH 60)KeCTBeHHoro npOHCXO:lKileHl1l1 AJIaeTI1,
MoIlapxWI· KaK M,leaJIbHM <popMa npaBJIeHM~, 06II:eCTBeHHbIM ,lOrOBOp KaK HCTO'lHHK
BJIacTH KOpOJI.sJ.,eCTeCTBeHHoe ,lJ;orocy,lJ;apCTBeHHoe COCTOHHMeKaK «BOHHa Bcex npOTHB
Bcex», BOJlIO rocY.llapH KaK BhICIIIHH 3aKOH, a6COJIIOTHOCTbBepxoBHoH BJlaCTH, c6060;la

15
3KOHOMH'leCKOH ,ll.eHTeJIbHOCTH. Pa3BHTHe JIH6epaJIH3Ma ().1.)K. JlOKK, W. Jl.
MOHTeCKbe). ,1l,)K. JlOKK: pa3pa60TKa IlOHHTHH «JIH'lHOCTb», «o6IllecTBo»,
«rocy,lJ,apCTBo», H,lJ,eH eCTeCTBeHHbIX HeOrqYIK,lJ,aeMblx llpaB (npaBo Ha IKWlHb. Ha
cBo60,lJ,y, Ha C06CTBeHHocTb), 'laCTHaH co6cTBel;lHoCTb KaK eCTeCTBeHHoe npaBo
'leJIOBeKa H cpe,lJ,cTBo ,ll.ocTHIKeHH» CBo6o,ll.bI, nOCTaHOBKa np06JIeMbi Tpy.na,
YllopH,ll.O'leHHOCTb eCTeCTBeHHoro COCTOHHHH, o6UlecTBeHHblH J.oroBOp KUK
, y'lpe:lK,ll.eHHe rpaIK,ll.aHcKoro 06IlleCTBa, pa3,ll.eJIeHHe 061lleCTBa M rocYllapcTBa. MlleR
rrO,ll.~HeHHOcTH rQcY,ll.apcTBa HHTepecaM JIH'lHOCTH, 3alllHTa npaB JIH'lHOCTH KaK
OCHOBHaHlj>YHK~HH rocy,ll.apCTBa, pa3,ll.eneHHe BnacTeH. W. Jl. MOHTecKbe: nOHRTHe
«o6pa3a rrpaBneHIDI» (<<,1J.Yxa3aKOHOB»), H,ll.CHpa3,ll.eJIeHHH BJIaCTeH 11 BcpXOBeHCTBa
rrpaBa, reorpalj>H'leCKHH ,ll.eTepMHHH3M, np06JleMa 3JloynoTpe6JleHMR BJlaCTbIO. ).1.IK.
M3,lJ,HCOH: Hapo,ll. KaK e,ll.HHCTBeHHhIM HCTO'lHHK nOJIH'lwH~CKOH BJJaCTH,Bbl60Pbl K<lK
HeOTbeMJIeMaH 'lepTa pecny6JIHKaHCKoro npaDJlCmlll, I1J!CR Orpaml'ICIIIlOH nmlCTH
rocy,ll.apCTBa, 060CHOBaHHe llpe,lJ,CTaBHTeJIhHOH lj>OPMhl BJlaCTH, PC)ICHMCOl.[HUJlhHOro
nJIlOpaJIH3Ma.
Pa3pa6oTKa CO~JI1aJlbHOHKOHllell~HH nOJIHTHKH: COIlHaJlbHaH rpynna KaK
HCXO,lJ,HaHTO'lKa nOJIHTH'leCKOrO Hccne,ll.OBaHHH, HH,ll.HBH,ll.KaK npo.nyKT onpe,ll.eJleHHOH
COUHaJlbHOH rpyllnbl, rocy,ll.apcTBq KaK npOJi.yKT MCTopW'leCKoro pa3BI1TI1R,
3KOHOMH'leCKaH ,ll.eTepMHHaUHH rocy,ll.apCTBeHHoro pa3BHTHH. Pa.uHKaJIbHblH
,ll.eMOKpaTH3M E. E. Pycco: aCCOUHaUIDI (pe3YJIbTaT 3aKJIJO'leHHlI o6UlecTBeHHoro
,lJ,OrOBopa) KaK «o6IllecTBeHHbIH qenOBeK», npo6neMa o61lleH BOJlH, MopanhHbIH
HH,ll.HBM,ll.YYM KaK llP0,ll.YKT rocy.uapCTBa, BHyTpeHHMe 11 BHelliHHe YCJIOBHll
3lj>lj>eKTMBHoCTM 061lleH BonM (CO~MaJlhHOe paBeHCTBO, JlHKBI1JlaUHH '1aCTHOH
co6cTBeHHocTM M llpe,ll.CTaBHTeJIhHOH BJIaCTM, llpMMaH AeMoKpaTHH). 3. fiepK: Kpl1THKU
eCTeCTBeHHblX llpaB, rocy,ll.apCTBO M 061lleCTBO KaK pe3YJlhTaT eCT~cTBeHHoH
3BOJIIOUUH. COIlMaJlbHaH H IlOJIMTMqeCKaH cTa6HJlhHOCTh KaK CMhlCJI cYlllecTBOBaHI1R
rocy,ll.apcTBa, 06ocHoBaHIDI llpeAcTaBMTeJIbHOH lj>OPMhl BJlaCTH, Heo6xo.uI1MOCTh
pelj>opM KaK yCJIOBHe coxpaHeHIDI 06IlleCTBa, KpHTHKa <j>paHIlY3cKOH peBOJlIOUHI1,
Ha'laJlO KOHcepBaTH3Ma. A. ,ll.e TOKBHJIb: llpo6JIeMa COOTHOIIJeHHH f10JlHTH'1eCKOrO
paBeHcTBa M IlOJIliTM'leCKOH cBo6o,lJ,bI llpM ,lJ,eMOKpaTwlecKoM pe)KI1Me, HeraTl1BllhIC
IlOCJIe,lJ,CTBM$IM llpeMMy~ecTBa ,ll.eMoKpaTMM, llol111TH'leCKaH aflaTI1H KaK Hal.JaJlO
IlOJIHTM'leCKOH ueHTpaJlM3aUMH M COuUaJlbHOrO 1l0A'll1HeHHH, rrOJIMTHl.JeCKl1eCpe,ll.CTBa
rrpe,lJ,OTBpameHMH ,ll.eCnOTH3Ma (pa3BMTHe MCKyccTBa ,ll.06pOBOJIbHOH nOJlHTHKI1 11
COUMaJlbHOH KoolIepUUMH, C03,lJ,aHHe cBo6o.uHbIX OpraHI13aUHH MCCTHoro
caMoylIpaBJIeHHH, ,ll.06POBOJIhHhIX nOJIMTH'leCKHX H rpa)l(,ll.aBCI<HX aCCOUl1aUHH,
1I0CTaHOBKallpo6JIeMbI pa3BHTM$IIlOJIMTM'leCKOH KyJIbTyphl).
HaqaJlo yTHJIMTapHCTcKoro 1l0HHMaHHM nOJIMTHKH: 3aKOB KaK HHcTpyMeHT
H3MeHeHMM COUHaJIbHbIX yCJIOBHH (11. EeHTaM).,1l,)K. C. MMJIJlb: H.uell 3alllHTbI
MH,ll.HBMAYaJlbHOHCBo6o,ll.bI, Cpe,lJ,CTBarrpeO,ll.OJIeHJ1}ITHpaHHH 60JIbIIJI1HCTBa, CHCTeMa
IIPOllOPUHOHaJlbHoro IIpe,lJ,CTaBHTeJIbCTBa, POJlh MHTeJIJICKTYaJlbHOH 11 MOpaJlhHOH
3JIHTbI B IlOJIHTMKe, C'laCTbe - IIpHHUHllMaJlhUall ueJIh 06mecTBa, Heo6xo,UHMOCTh
3aKOHo,lJ,aTeJIbHOH3allHTbI HH,lJ,HBH,lJ,YaJlbHoii.CBo6o,ll.hI, B03paCTaHMe ponM rocy,lJ,apCTBa
B MHTeJIJIeKryaJlbHOM ~ MOpaJlbHOM pa3BHTHH rpaIK,lJ,aH, 06ocHoBaHHe 3lj>rpeKTHBHOCTI1
llpeAcTaBHTeJIbHOH CHCTeMbI H o6IUecTBeHHoH aKTHBHOCTM HH,lJ,HBM,lJ,a,KpHTHKa
KanHTaJlH3Ma. M. Be6ep: 1l0JIHTHKa, KaK «cTpeMJIeHHe K yqaCTMIO BO BJlaCTI1»,
MOHOnOJIHMrocy,ll.apCTBa Ha JIerMTHMHoe BaCHJlHe, THllbl JIerHTHMHOI"O rocnonCTBa,
6lOpOKpaTMH K3.K CMCTeMa yrrpaBJIeHHH, HeM36e:lKHall B YCJIOBI111XI1H.uycTpl1aJlbHoro
06mecTBa. TIapa,ll.OKC,lJ,eMoKpaTM3aUMM,M,ll.eMllJle6HCI:MTapHOH ,lJ,eMoKpaTHH.
3a,lJ,aHHe Ha ceMI-IHap: - IIOHHTMHM llpo6JIeMaTMKa rpaIKAaHcKoM KOHuenUMI1
nOJ1MTHKH;- 3BOJIlOUHMnOJIHTH'leCKHX B3rJIM,ll.OB).1.:lK.JloKKa; - cneUMlj>HKa OCHOBHhlX
3TalIOB COUMaJlbHOM:KOHllerrllMM rrOJIMTHKH;- YTMJIMTapHCTcKoe rrOHHMaHHe cymHocTH
H Cpe,lJ,cTBIIOJIHTH'leCKOM,AeHTeJIbHOCTH.
JIHTeparypa:
1. llpxHH 1O.B., 30TOB B.).1.., 30ToBa Jl.).1.. TIOJlI1TOJlOrHll: Y<Ie6HI1I<. M., 2001. In.
2.
b TIOJIHTOJIOrMH:Y'le6HHK I TIO,ll.peA. M.A. BaCHJIMKa. M., 2001. lJI. 2, N!'2.
3. llcTopHH IlOJlHTMQeCKMXM rrpaBoBhlx y'leHHH. Y'le6HMK I TIon. Pen. 0.3. JleticTa.
M., 2000. lJI. 10,14 (NQ3).
4. MaKMaBeJIJIH H. [ocY,ll.apb. M., 1990.
5. JloKK,1l,)K. ).1.BaTpaKTaTa 0 npaBJleHHM. Co6p. COQ.: B 3 T. M., 1988. T.3.
6. MOHTecKbe Ill. 0 ,lJ,yxe3aKOHOB.II MOHTecKhe Ill. 1136p. rrpoH3Be.ueHHlI. M.,
1955.
7. Pycco )K.E. 06 o6mecTBeHHoM ,ll.OrOBOpeII AHTOJIOrHll MMpOBOHnOJII-ITHl.JeCKOH
MhlCJII1: B 5 T. M., 1997. T.1.
8. COJIOBbeB 3.10. TIpoIIJJIoe TOJIKYeTHac: (O'lepKH IIO HCTopml <j>MJIOCO<j>MHH
KyJIbTypbI). M., 1991. C.146 - ~67; 403 -431.
KOHTpOJlbHble BonpocbI Ie TeM3M 5-7:
1. ).1.aHTeorrpeAeJIeHHe IlOJIHTMKO-rrpaBoBoM ,ll.0KTPMHbl.
2. PacKpoHTe CYTb OCHOBHhIXIIO,ll.XO,ll.OBK·nmOJIorMI1 HCTOpl111nOJlHTHKO-
npaBoBhlx ,ll.OKTpHH.
3. B 'leM clleUMlj>MKa pa3BHTHM IIOJlHTM'leCKOHMbICJIMB paMKax MH<j>OJIOr11'-leCKOrO
MHpoBo33peHMM?
4. KaKHe rrOJIHTH'leCKMe llpo6JIeMbJ paccMarpMBaIOTcM B «ApTXaII1aCTpe» H
«3aKoHax MaHy»?
5. PacKpoihe np06JIeMaTMKY' H COnepIKaHHe OCHOBHbIXIlOHlITHH nOJIHTM'leCKOrO
yqeHM$I KOH<PYUIUI.
6. KaKHe HarrpaBJIeHM$IrrOJlHTHl.JeCKOHMhICJIH).1.peBHero KHTall BaM 113BecTHbl?
7. B '{eM rrpOMBJlMeTCMlj>MJIOcolj>CKaM06yCJIOBJIeJ;IHOCTbIIOJIHTH'leCKHX yqeHJ.1H
)J.peBHeH IpeUMH? '.
8. TIpOCJIe,lJ,MTe3BOJIlOUHlOMO,lJ,eJIMM,AeaJlbHOrOrocy,lJ,apcTBa TInaTOHa.
9. BhI,lJ,eJIMTenp06JIeMaTHKY IIOJlHTH'leCKOrO y'leHHH ApHCTOTeJIH.
lD.l.lTO TaKoe 3TaTM3M?
't 1.KaK UHUepOH nOHMMaJl cymHocTb HMlIepHM?
12.B 'leM crreUHlj>MKa pa3BHTH.HrrOJIMTH'leCKOHMbICJIH B Cpe,ll.HHeBeKa?
13.CpaBHI1Te np06JIeMaTHKy H OCHOBHbleIIOHJlTHH IIOJIMTH'leCKMXyqeHMH
ABryCTl-IHa H <POMblAKBHHcKoro.
14.PacKpOHTe OCHOBHblerrOJlO)J(eHM$ITeopHM cyBepeHMTeTa M. TIa,ll.yaHcKoro.
15.KaKMe rrOJIHTM'leCKHe ueJIH llpeCJIe,ll.OBaJIHcpe,lJ,HeBeKoBbleepecH?
16.BbJ,lJ,eJIHTe3KOHOMHqeCKMe,IlOJIMTH'leCKMe,COU;HaJlbHO-IICHXOJIOrH<ICCI<UeKOpIIll
Pelj>opMaUHH. .

17.PacKpoihe nOmlTMtJeCKOe cO,nep)KaHMe Pe<p0pMaI.MM.
18.KaK paCCMaTpMBaJIaCb np06JIeMa MOpaJIbHOH 060CHOBaHHOCTM nOJIMTMKH B
::moxy Pe<p0pMaI.MM?
19.Ou.eHMTe pe3ynbTaTbi ,nellTenbHOCTM M. JIIOTepa KaK peJIMrM03HOrO nOnHTHKa.
20.BbI,nenMTe OCHOBHble 3Tanbl CeKYJInpH3al.MM nOnHTMtJeCKOrO Mbllllnemlli.
21.KaKHe np0l.eCCbI onpe,!eJlMJlM CymHocTb IToCTpC<pOpMaUl-m?
22.KaK pa3BHBaJII1Cb npoGJleManU<a M MeTO)J,bl llQJll1TH4eCKOll HayKH B 3110Xy
PeHeCCaHCa? I
23.PaCKpotiTe OCHOBHble nOJlO)JCeHHlInOJlHToltJeCKOrOy'lCHHlI H. MaKJoIaBCJlJHl.
24.PaCKpOHTe cO)J,ep)JcaJ-MeOCHOBHblX nOHlITMH TCOpHH CyBCpCHHTCT3 )K. [)O.1ella.
25.CpaBHMTe nOnMTMtJeCKMe yTonHM T. Mopa M T. KaMnaHeJlnbl.
26.ITpoCne)lMTe M,nCHHYIO3BOJllOUMIO nM6epanH3Ma U-~)K.JloKK, ill.J!. MOHTeCKbe,
.D:)K.M3,nMCOH).
27.0xapaKTepl13yHTe OCHOBHble :nanbl COUMaJIbHOH lCOHuenUJoIHnonHTMKM OK. )K.
Pycco, 3.EepK, A. TOKBMJlb).
28.KaKoe npeJIOMJIeHHe nOJly'lMJIM H,neH 3nOXH ITpocBellleHHlI B nOIIHTJoI4eCKHX
nporpaMMax M npaKTMKe BenMKoH <DpaHI.Y3cKOH peBOJlIOUHH?
29.B tJeM CneI.M<pMKayTMJlMTapMcTcKoro nORHMaHMlI nOJlHTMKH (H. EeHTaM, ,lJ,)K.C.
MHJIJlb, M. Be6ep)?
TeMa 8: Cne",IotcPIotKa nOniotTIot'leCKOrO pa3BWTIot" POCCWIo1.
reHe310tC pyCCKOW nonlotnt'leCKOH MblCmt.
<DaKTQPbl, onpc,uemIIOIlHc· CnCI.H<pMKYnOnHTH'lCCKOrO pa3BHTMlI POCCHH:
«cpe,uMHHoe» nOJIO)KeHMe POCCMM Me)K,uy BOCTO'lHOll M 3ana,!Holl
I.MBMnM3aI.MlIMH; - OC06CHHOCTM <peo,naJIM3Ma B POCCHH (npo6ncMa 'laCTHOM
c06cTBeHHocTM Ha 3CMJIIO); - HC3aBeplllCHHOCTb H Heran-IBHble COu,HaJlbHO-
3KOHOMM'leCKMe M KYJIbTYpHble nOCJIe,nCTBMn nOnblTOK MOllepm13aUMM (eBpOneJol3au,HH,
BecTepHH3aI.HM) CTPaHbl; - coe,nHHeHHe CBeTCKOH M .zurxOBHOM BJIaCTH B nHue MOHapxa;
- oTcyTcTBIfe COI.MaJIbHO- 3KOHOMM'leCKOH If npaBoBoM 6a3bl )J,Jln <pOpMMpoBaHMlI
rp3)K):laHCKOro 061leCTBa (;1.0 XX BeKa); - 3aTI03,naJIOCTb nOnMTH'leCKOrO pa3BHHllI; -
nepMaHeHTHoe yrny6JIeHHe pa3pblBa (HMYlleCTBcHHoro, cTaTycHoro,
06pa30BaTeJIbHofo) Me)K)J,y 3JlHTOH M HapO)J,OM.
. KpecTbllHcKMM MOHapXH3M. CneUM<pMKa cenbCKOH 061lHHbl H3 PYCH
COUMaJIbHO-nCMXOJlOfH'leCKall 6a3a caMOnep)KaBHlI: yKopeHclmc Tpa.fJHlIHH
no,nHeBOJIbHOfO TPyna H BHe3KOHOMM'lCCKOfO npHHy)K,uCHMlI, 6c3yCJIOBHOrO
nO,l:'IMHeHHlI: rocy,napcTBeHHoM BJIaCTH. TIpoTMBopetJHBoe BJlMlI:HMC 061lHHhl Ha ~
nOnHTM'leCKOe C03HaHHe M nOBC,l:eHHe pyccKoro Hapo,ua (TepneHHc, 'lHHOnO'UlTaHJoIC,
peJIHfM03HOCTb - aHapXM3M, cB060,nOJII06Me, 6yHT, BOMHCTBylOmce 6C36o)KMe).
POCCMlI:C XV no Ha'laJIO XX BeKa (<peBpaJIbCKali PCBOJIIOUMlI) - caMOAep)J(aBHOC
aBTOpHTapHo-61OpOKpaTM'leCKOefocy,l:apCTBo.
3Tanbl rocy)J,apcTBeHHO-nOJIMTHtJecKoro pa3BMTMlI POCCMH. ¥I,nen npMfJIallleHHn
Ha KHl!)KeHHe 'iY)KC3eMQeB. KMeBCKali PYCb (y)J,eJIbHO-BClieBoii <pc,!epaTMBHbIM nepHOn
co CJIa60H KHl!)I(eCKOH BJIaCThIO); TaTapo-MOHfOJIbCKOe MfO KaK 3aBeplllCHMe BelieBoro
nepMo)J,a M <paICTOP yKpeIIJleHMn e)J,MHo,nep)KaBHlI:. 06pa30BaHMe MOCKOBCKoro
KHlI)KCCTBa - <pOpMMpoBaHHc BenMKopyccKoro Hapo,ua, yKpenJICHMe POJlli rocynapcTBa
M npaBOCJlaBHlI: B· OGIlCCTBCHHOH )KH3HH, pacnpOCTpaHCHHe H)J,eH uepKoBHoM M
nOJlHTH'ieCKOM He3aBHCMMOCTM PyCH, POCT HaUMOHaJIbHOro caMOC03HaHHlI. Pe(pOpMbl
ITeTPa I: ,naJIbHCiirnec yKpenJIeHMC caMo,nep)KaBMlI. 3Tarrbl nocTpoeHMlI rpa)KnaHCKOro
061lecTBa B POCCMM: EKaTepHHa II, AJIcKcaH,np II, paAMKaJIbHble JIM6epaJIbHO-
6YP)KYa3Hble pe<poPMbl IT. A. CTOJIbITIMHa.
<DaKTOpbl <pOpMMpoBaHMn pyccKoii nOJlMTHlieCKoM MbICJlM: - ,nOxpMcTMaHcKMc
MH)J,OeBponeHcKMe B033peHMn; - BM3aHTMiicKoe BJIHlIHMe; - 3aIlMHbie xpMcTHaHcKHc
nOJIHTM'lCCKHe M,neM. X BCK - B03HHKHOBeHHe nMCbMCHHOii rrOJIMTH'leCKOii MbICJIH:
«CJlOBO 0 3aKOHC M 6JIarO,l:aTM», « TIoBecTb BpcMeHijbIX neT», « ITOy'lCHMC BJla)J,HlVlJoIpa
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PYCH. C60pHMK «PYCCKali npaBAa» - <pOpMHpOBalHIC IwpManlBllo-npclBOfloll ,Kil,)i';.'
pyCCKOM rrOJIMTH'lCCKOii MblCJIH.(l1 - 15 BB.).
ITp06JIeMa BM3aHTHHcKOfO HaCJIeAMlI. ITPMHlITMC xpHcTHaHcTBa 01' BM3aHTHH -
CTaHOBnCHMe PYCM KaK caMoCTOllTeJIbHOM KYJIbTypHOM ueJIOCTHOCTH. YHHKaJlbHOCTb
BM3aHTMHCKOii MMnepHH: coe,uHHeHMlI B paMKax e,uHHoro reofpa<pH'leCKOrO
npocTPaHCTBa rpeKo-pMMCKOii KynbTypbl, PHMCKOfO rrpaBa, xpMcTMaHcKoH
(rocy,l:(apCTBeHHoii) peJIMfMH; - TeppMTOpMaJIbHall: ueHTpaJlH3aUHlI; - BblCOKHM ypoBeHh
pa3BHTMlI KyJIbTypbl, nOJlHTH'leCKOii, ,nMnJlOMaTH'lCCKOH HAp. BH/loB COIlHIJlhIlOi'!
npaKTHKIf; - Pa3BMTOCTb caMOC03HaHMn. BHernHMe M BHyTpeHHHe npMtJMHbI naneHHlI
BM3aHTHHCKOii MMnepMli.
06pa3 BM3aHTHM KaK eAMHOM H enMHCTBeHHoii npaBocnaBHOH 3CMJlH.
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BJla,nMMHpCKHX») - M,neOJIOrMlieCKOMqCHOBbI POCCHHCKOfO uapCTBa apeMeH VIBaHa lIT
H MBaHa IV. PeJlMrM03Hall <popMa H nOnHTH'lCCKOC COnep)KaHHe naHHOll KOI-luenUHH.
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PyCM.
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ueHTpaJIH30BaHHOfO xpMCTMaHCKoro rocy,napCTBa KaK OJlHl.eTBOpeHMlI: nopH,nKa H
MMpOBOH rapMOHHM. <!>OpMMpOBaHHe PyCM KaK CBpOa3MaTCKOro focynapCTBa,
npOCTPaHCTBa ,nJIn BCCX 06pameHHbiX B npaBOCJlaBMe. Pa3nH'lHlI BH'3aHTlti1cKol1 II
pycCKoii MOHapXMH. BM3aHTMiiCKali MOHapXHlI: - Ha~pc,nmll~a nOJIHTH'leCKOH- npaKTl1Kl1
PMMa, B KOTOpOM MMnepHn B03HMKaeT'KaK pe)J(HM JIHliHOH BJIaCTMrrOJIKOBOnUeB rrocne
pecny6JIMKaHCKoro CTPOll). <DOpMHpOBaHMe pyccKoii MOllapXJoII1 un oeBOBC apXall'lllo!i
na'rpHapXaJIbHOCTM. PyCCKHM KHlI3b - nOMa3aHHHK 60)J(HH; CBlITOCTb HMncpaTopa Ha
PyCH; npc,nCTaBJIeHMH 0 JIH'lHOii rrpe,naHHOCTM rocy,uaplO. «CaM03BaHCTBO» KaK
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- OTcyrCTBMe ,nMHaCTMtJeCKoro npHHUHna B MOpaJIbHOM C03HaHMM 06meCTBa; -
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nOCTpMaJI 3a Bepy, 06nl1'IaJI CBOMXMytJHTeneii) H PYCCKOfO (CBlITOii - CTPaCTOTepneu,
06pa3tJMK KpOTOCTH, a6COmO'fHOrO HenpOTHBJIeHMH 3JIy) nmOB CBlITOCTl1.

PyCCKM nOJlHTHqeCKM MhICJlh <pOpMHpyeTCg B peJlHrH03HOH <pOpMe~O XVlIl B.
CTaHOBJlellHe CeKYJlHpHOii (CBeTCKOii) H npOCBeTHTeJlbCKOii T<'fIHCIHUlM B
pyccKoii nOJlHTH'leCKOii MhlCJlH B XVIII BeKe.
«EBponeH3aUIDI» POCCHH, pe<pOPMbI TIeTpa 1. (rrOJlHTWleCKHe YlleHlIg <1'>.
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rrpHHgTHe .LeMoKpaTHqeCKHX H.LeanOB npOcBemeHHg, TeopHH 06111ecTBeHHoro
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.LeMoKpaTH'leCKol1 pecny6JlHKH; O.LHonanaTHoe HaponHoe Beqe; J(ep>KaBHaSl J(yMa
(HcnOJlHHTeJlhHaSl BJlaCTb); npHHSlTHe 3alCOHOB nyTeM BceHaponHoro roJlOCOBaHHSI;
BepxoBHLlI1 C060p (6J1IOCTHTeJlhlIM BJiaCTh, HneSl COBpeMeHHoro KOHCTI1TYUl1oHHoro
cy.o:a); paclIlHpeHHe Conep>KaHHSI H36HpaTeJlhHOrO npaBa; rpa>KnaHcKoe 11
nOJlHTHqeCKOe paBeHcTBo; cB060Aa CJIOBa H BepoHcnOBenal-lHSI; npaBo Ka>K~oro Ha
yqacTHe B rocynapcTBeHHhIx .Lenax; oCBo6o>K.LeHHe KpecThSlH C 3eMJleH; paBHonpaBHe
Bcex HaponHocTeH; H.LeSlyHHTapHoro· rocynapcTBa (cTOJIHua - HH>KHI1H HOBropo~);
<pe~epaIlHSI - B03BpaT K y~eJ1bHoi1 CijCTeMe KaK npl1'll1He o6111e<.:IBeHHblx 6e4<':IBHii;
CBep>KeHHe uapH3Ma; YCTaHoBneHHe' pecny6mlKH llepe3 peBOJlIOUl11O 11 ~I1KTaTYPY
BpeMeHHoro BepxoBHoro npaBJIeHH5l
npoeKT KOHCTHTYUHoHHOH MOHapx 1111 H. M. MypaBbella. OTMt'Ha
KpenOCTHHqeCTBa, nHKBHAaIlHSI ymeMJIeHHH B rrpaBax, paBeHcTBo Bcex nepen 3aKOHOM,
OTMeHa pa3.LeneHHg Ha KJIaCCbI, H,ll;eg <pe,ll;epaTHBHOrO rocy,ll;apCTBa, HMnepaTop -
BepxoBHhIH npaBHTeJIhCTBeHHhIH qHHOBHHK, Hap0,lJ,Hoe Be'le CUBe naJlaTbl)-
3aKOHO~aTeJlhHM BJIaCTh.
06meCTBO COeAHHeHHLlX CnaB5lH (HOBrOpO,ll; - BOJIhlHCK, 1823): OTKa3 OT l1Jlel1
peBOJIIOUHH, rpa>K~aHCKOe o6mecTBo, OCHOBaHHoe Ha Ha'lanax HpaBcTBeHHOCTI1 11
npoMhIlIIneHHoCTH, 6y~ymee PoccFm; H.LeHCOlO3HOH KOH<pe.LepaUHHBcex cnaBSlHCKHX
Hap0.LOB(,ll;eMOKpaTHqeCKaSl <pe,ll;epauml, ynpaBJlSleMaSl KOHrpeccoM).
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nOJIHTHlleCKOH MhlCJIH ~o XIX BeKa.
JInTeparypa:
1. nOJIHTOJIOrHSI: Ylle6HHK / non pen. M.A. BaCMJIMKa. M., 2001. rn.3.
b. I1pXHH B.IO., 30TOB B.J(., 3OToBa JI.J(. TIOJlHTOJIOfl1S1:Y'le6HMK. M., 2001. rJI.4.
N!!1,2.
3. I1cTopHSI nOJIHTHqeCKHX H npaBOBhIX yqeHHH. Yqe6HIIK. / TIoJ pe~. O. 3.
JIeHCTa. M., 2000. rn. 7, 8, 1,13, 16.
4. J(anee JIHTepaTypy no TeMe «PacUBeT nonHTH4eCKOH MbICJIH B POCCIIII XIX
BeKa» CM. nOCJIe TeMhI «3BOmoUHSI pa.n:IIKanH3Ma B POCCIIII».
CneUH<pHKa COUHanhHO-3KOH~MHlleCKoro pa3BHTHSI POCCIIH XIX BeKa:
Hepa3BHTOCTh KJIaCCOBhlXoTHolIIeHHH, cocYlllecTBoBaHue KpynHoH npOMblllJJI~HHocrH
H oTcTanoH KpecThSlHcKOH 06m1IHhI, HanHllHe 3JIeMeHTOB Beex npe~mecTBYlOmHX
UIIBHJIII3auHOHHhIX CTa,ll;HH,KOHTpOJIh Han cBo6onOMb1CJIlIeM.
OCHoBHhIe HanpaBJIeHHSI: JI1I6epanM3M, KOHcepBaTH3M, peBOJIIOUMOHHhlH
panHKanH3M, penHnI03Ho"<pHJIOco<pcKoe HanpaBJICHue. Cnel.H<pwfecKlie HanpaBJieHliSl:
HeOCnaBgH0<pHJIhCTBO,BII3aHTII3M, HapO,ll;HH'leCTBO, aHapxH3M, eBpa3IIHCTBO.
np06JIeMaTHKa: MeCTO H HCTOpH4ecKM cY,ll;b6a POCCHH, KpHTepHH pyCCKOH
UHBHJIli3al.HH, BhlSlBneHlie nO.llJlIiHHbIX OCHOB HapO,lJ,HOM >K113HI1 (06U!l1 Ha,
npaBocnaBHe), rryTH pelIIeHHH arpapHoro Bonpoca, nOMCK "M 06ocHoBaHMe
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nH4HocTH, orpaHHlleHHSI caMOnep>KaBHSI, roTOBHOCTM HapO,lJ,a K peBOrrI-OUMM,
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npaBoBoM HHrHJIM3M: M~eam13aUHSI o6J[Ullmoro K01.1CKT1Hl1n!:1.
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nOJIHTOnOrHlleCKHX KaTeropHH. I1AeanH3aUHSI 06mlIHhI KaK OJiHUeTBOpeHMSI nyxa
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3TH"leCKM 0plieHTaUHSI pycCKOH nOJIHTWleCKOH MhlCJIH: BJIHSlHMe
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n03HaBaTeJIhHOH TpanHUHH; HpaBcTBeHHhIe HOPMbI I<aK Kpl1TepHH OlleHKl1 uerrei:1,
3a,ll;a'l, 3<p<peKTHBHOCTHnOJIHTHKH.
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caMo6b1THOCTI1) POCCI1H K .nyxy nepBOHa'laJ1hHorO XpI1CTl1aHCTBa. VlJte51 OpraHH'IHOe e.nHHcTBO) KaK MeTac!>H3H'IeCKHH npHHUHn opraHH3aUl1l'f 6b1T1111
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CJl3BHHOlj!HJlLCTBO. IloHHMaHHe BCCMFlpHOH HCTOpHH KaK nOCTeneHHoro AOKTpHHbI.
o6Hapy)J{cHMH H Pa3BHTHJI BceMMpHoro .nyxa. I1,a:eJl cYlilecTBOBaHMlI HenpepbIBHbIX HeOCJl3BHHOc!>HJlLCTBO: ,naHHJleBCKHH H.H. (1822 - 1885). «POCClfli H
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JUlqHOCTbHapOJla; - nOJIMTI1qeCKOeeJlHHeHMeHapOJla Ha npHHlHnaX CHnbHOH BJlaCTI1,
nOJIpJlJlKa, npaBocnaBHo-co6opHoro C03HaHHJI.B03HMKHOBeHMe K HaqaJIY XX BeKa Ha
6a3e KOHcepBanI3Ma HalHOHaJIH3MaH ,'lepHOCOTeHHoro ,!I.BH)!{eHHJl.
BH3aHTH3M. JIeoHTbcB K.H.(1831- 1891). (<<BH3aHTH3MH CJIaBJlHCTBO»,1873).
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TpMeJlHHCTBO I1porpecca: l1epBOHaqaJIbHali I1pOCTOTa, UBeTYll.lali CJlO)(HOCTb.
BTOpM'lHOe CMeCMTeJIhHOeynpOllIeHHe (HaqaJIO HeOpraHMqeCKOM HMpBaHbI). KynbTypa
(Hap0,!l.HOcTb) M rocYJlapCTBO KaK OCHOBHhle$OpMbI HapOJlHOH)(113HI1.Ol1peAeJllllOll.lalJ
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eJlMHCTBaPOCCMH.ITpaoocnaBMe KaK nperpa.n.a npOTMB YTHJI~TapH3Ma, Jll16epaJIH3Ma,
JleMOKpaTM3Ma, KOCMononMTM3Ma, nporpeCCM3Ma, TeXHMlM3Ma, paJlMKaJlbHoro
3raJJHTapM3Ma 3anaJla. Heo6xoJlMMOCTb «110JlMOP03MTb»POCCHIO(YCHJ1I1Tb,uaBJleHHe
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THXOMHpOB JI.A. (1852 - 1923). ITpoeKT CHHTe3a CaM01ep)!{aBH.lIH Co6opHoro
06ll.lecTBa (COI03 rocynapcTBa, uepKBH 11 3aKOHOCOBewaTenbHoro HapO)IHOro
npe,lcTaBMTeJIbCTBa); MCTOpHqeCKa.ll nepcneKTHBHoCTb MOHapXI1H KaK cOBoKynHora
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H,!I.eaJJanpM CaMOJlep)I(aBMM.«MoHapXUqeCKM rocy):(apcTBeHHocTb» (1905).
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bOrOqenOBel.JeCTBO 1'1 ero pCaJI113alHJl BO BceneHcKoH UepKBH. CBo601a KaK
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H CBo60JlHaJl OpraHM33lMJl o6urecTBa, COnHJlapHOCTb, COI03 CBeTCKOM11 1yXOBHOH
BnaCUI. PYCCKaJl H,leH KaK acnCKT XpMCTl1aHCKOH H,UeH. ITPOCKT .D.yXOBt-lOfO
npe06p3)(eHMlI pyccKoro HapOJla: nO,!l.'lMHeHMeBJIaCTI1rocYJlapli aBTOpHTeTy pHMCKoro
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«CBJlTaJl PYCb» - e,!l.HHCTBOBepXOBHOH BnaCTH, coxpaHCHHe pyCCKoro rocy1apCTBa,
,UyxoBHoe npMMMpeHMe BOCTOKa M 3al1a1a B 6oro'lenOBe'leCKOM BCCMl1pHOM
xpMCTMaHCTBe.POJIh BCeJIeHCKOHlepKBI1 B HCTOpMqeCKOMcY,Ub6e POCCHH. OueHKa B.
C. COJIOBbeBhlM 3TanOB nOJlHTI1'leCKOrO Pa3BMTMJI POCCMM. KOHlel1lHJI
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lj>I1JIoco$MJI»,1897). I1.!IeJI: I1paBa Ka)!{1oro qeJIOBeKa Ha JlOCTOHHoe CYll.leCTBOBaHI1C
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nOJIMTMKM.Pa3):(eJIeHMe nOJIMTHKI1 11 HpaBCTBeHHOCTH110POJlHJlOnpOTI1BOpe'lHlI XX
BeKa. KpMTMKa 6ecnpaBHbIX $OpM rOCYJlapCTSeHHOH BnaCTH (<<IC3ap0l1anH3Ma»,
«K;a3eHHoro npaSOCJIaBMJl», 3KOHOMM'IeCKOrOCOlMaJJM3Ma).Pa3JleJIeIlHe BnaCTeM KaK
Heo6xoll.MMOe ycnoBMe I1paBoBoro rocy,UapCTBa. BJlaCTb KaK {()ccCnOCOOHali
3aKOHHOCTb».B3aHMoo6ycnOBJIeHHOCTb npaBa, HpaBCTBeHHOCTH,CBo60Jhl, paBeHCTBa,
CnpaBeJlJIMBOCTM.rOCy,!l.apCTBOM npaBO - CpeJlCTBaocyureCTBJleHHJIBcee1HHCTBa.
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06IleCTpa naMJlTM BJI. COJIOBbeBa (1905 - 1906) (C. H. ByJIraxoB, E.H. Tpy6elKOM,
B.I1. CBeHlMUKHH, IT. A. <l>JIOpeHCKHH,BJlq. I1BaHOB, H. A. BepMeB).
Eepll.HeB H.A.(1874-1948). I1ll.el1 06HOBJleHHOrO ')cxaTOHOrtJlICCKOro
xpHcTHaHcTBa KaK CMblCJIa TBOp'leCTBa H MCTOpHH.ITpMMaT JlH'IHOCTHOro Ha4aJla Han

pO,UOBbIM (KOTOpOe BOllJIOmeHO B uepKBH, TOTaJlHTapHOM rocyJlapCTBe, 6e3.lYXOBH0I1
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H.uell Heo6XO,UMMOCTM COe.lHHeHMlI {(pMCTHaHCTBa H nepCOH3nl1CTI1<leClwro
COUHaJlH3Ma (OcHoBbIBalOmerocSi Ha npMHUHne BepxoBeHcTBa nH4HOCTI1 If npHHUHne
6paTcKoH J1I06BH). TIp06J1eMa 06me4eJ10BeQeCKI1X ueHHocTeM. rIpo6neMa CYIl.HOCTI1
.ueMoKpaTHH: npOTMBonocTaBneHMe 6yp)Kya3HoM lj>opMaJlbHOM .ueMoKpaTl1l1
.ueMOKpaTHH «KaQeCTBeHHOH» KaK «caMO,UHCUMnnMHe», «caMOBOcnHTaHMIO
nHQHOcTH».Heo6xo)lHMOCTb HCKopeHeHHSI pa6cTBa 4epe3 pa3BHTHe caMoynpaBJ1eHl1l1
Ha Bcex ypOBH51X pOCCHHCKOM06mecTBeHHOH )KH3HH. OueHKa EepJl51eBbiM npl1<IHH,
nanOB, COUHaJlhHhlX CHJl, 3KOHOMH4eCKHX H COUHaJlbHO-nOJlHTH4eCKHX pe3YJ1bTaTOB
peBOJlIOUHH 1905-07 H 1917 rr. OTHOmeHHe EepMeBa K MapKcH3My. OnpeJJ,eJ1eHMe
OHTOJlOrHlIeCKHX oCHoBaHHH M npH3HaKoB TOTaJlHTapH3Ma: npeTeH3HH 4aCTH'IHOrO Ha
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C03HaHHSI, pa3pymeHHe .uYXOBHOCTHJlH'IHOCTH. EOJlbWeBHCTcKaSi JleMOKpaTl1l1 KaK
6e3J1H4Hh1M KOnneKTHBHCTCKHM TOTaJlJJTapH3M. CneuHlj>I1Ka paccMOTpeHl1l1 npo6neMbi
H n0J1HTH4eCKHH npofH03 pa3BHTHli COOTHomeHHlI npHHUHnoB 3anaJlHOH H BOCT04HOH
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KaK Heo6xo,UHMOH COUl1aJIhHOH 6a3hI pemeHIDI COUHaJlbHblX rrp06J1eM (llpMHUMn
C060pHOCTH, H,UeSi uepKoBHoH o6mHHbl, JII060Bb, cBo60,Ua nHlIHOCTI1). POCCMlI KaK
MeCTO ocymecTBJleHHSI BceneHcKoH HCTHHbl 60r04eJ10Be4ecKoro. HCTOpHSI
nocrynaTeJlbHOe ,UBH)KeHHe 6orOQeJ10BeQeCTBa. PaBHo3Ha4Hbie .neHCTBl1l1 bora H
4eJ10BeKa onpe)leJ1S1IOT ..HCTopH4ecKHH 60r04eJ1,OBe4eCKMH nporpecc. KpI1TMI<a
rrpHBep)KeHueB C03,UaHH5I «HoBOn»)) peJ1HrH03HOrO C03HaHMSI (rpynna ,U.
Mepe)KKoBcKoro). OTpM.uaHHe 3ana,UHoH lj>l1nOcoq,HH.
YTonHlI KaK lj>opMa o6mecTBeHHoro C03HaHI111, lj>opMa COUI1MbHOH lj>aHTa31111.
CneUHlj>HKa yTonHH (OCHoBbIBaeTcSI Ha Boo6pa)KeHI1I1, xapaKTepli13yeTc5I HaMepeHHblM
OrpbIBOM 01' peanbHOCTH, peKOHCTpYKUHeH peaJIbHOCTM no rrpMHUMny «Bce nomKHO
6b1Tb Haooopon>, CBOOOJJ,HbIM rrepeXO,UOM OT peaJIH3Ma K l1)leaJIH3MY,
mnep60JlWaUHeH .uyxoBHoro, nH60 HaylIHoro HallaJI; KpHTHKa HaCTOSlUero - HallaJIO
YTonHH; nporpecc - HJleaJl yTonHH). YTOnH'leCKHH COUHaJlM3M KaK 6a3a
TeOpern'leCKOrO COUMaJlH3Ma.OCHoBHble nanbl M lj>OPMbl pa3BMTHli yTonMM.
Pa3BHTHe COUHaJlbHOH yTorrMM B POCCHM (M.M. litep6aToB, A.H. Pa.nMlueB,
,UeKa6pMcTbl, CJlaBSlHolj>HJ1bl, 3arra,UHHKM, MCTOpl10coljJcKa» )'TonMlI). A.A. Eor.naHoB
«KpacHa51 3Be3.ua). 'uHcTOnM51: OIlHcaHHe «Ka3apMeHHoro KOMMYHM3Ma» (H. <1>enopoB.
E. 3aMSlTHH). YTonHlI KaK nOpO)K)leHHe HH.lMBMJlyanbHoro C03HaHHlI (cneWHpl1Ka
CaTHpH'leCKOM COUHaJIbHO-n0J1MTM4ecKoi-i yTon 1114 «I1JleaJlbHoro POCCI4HCKOrO
roCy.uapcTBID) B.B.P03aHOBa. Dp06J1eMa «pyccKoro xapaKTepa». KpHTHKa
pa)lHKaJlbHOrO H KOHcepBaTHBHoro HanpaBJ1eHMH pyccKOM n0J1I1TH4eCKoH MbICJ1M.
•QcHoBHble nanbl pa3BHTuB pyccKoro JlH6epaJlU3Ma: 1) npocBeTMTeJ1bCKMM
OljJHUHaJIbHO caHKUHOHl1pOBaHHblH J1H6epaJIl13M (MJlean npocBemeHHoH OrpaHH'leHHOH
MOHapxHH: rrpoeKTbl M.M. CnepaHcKoro; nepHO)lbI uapcTBoBaHMlI EKaTepHHbl 11,
AneKcau.upa I); 2) oxpaHHTenbHblH (KoHcepBaTMBHbIH) J1M6epaJ1M3Mnopelj>opMeHHoro
nepHo,Ua - CHHTe3 l1JJ,eH pelj>opMaTopcTBa VI TpaJlMlMOHHbIX lCHHOCTeM pyCCKOro
KOHcepBaTM3Ma (E.H. 1I11'lepHH, Doli. CTpyBe); 3) COUMaJlbHblH (<<HOBbIM»)J1116epa..1113M
HallaJIa XX BeKa (H.H. KapeeB, D:M.' HOBrOpOJlueB, E.A. KMCTSIKOBCKHM, C. H •
fecceH): HJleli «npaBoBoro COUManH3Ma)), opraHwleCKoH CBSl111 cnono21hl 11
COUHanbHoro paBeHcTBa, 06eCneQeHHSI «npana Ha .locTotilwe cYll.eCTBOBClHHe»,
anOJlOrMSiueHHoCTeH COUHaJ1-pelj>opMM3Ma 3anaAIloH cOUl1aJl-ACMol<panll1.
CnepaHcKMM M.M. (1772 1839). Hc06xOAI1MOCTb pCII)oPMMpOIlEIIlllC
)leCnOTMtIeCKoro rocy.uapCTBeHHoro CTpOSl «cBepxy». DPOCKT yCTtlHOBJIelll1S1
KOHcrnTYUHoHHoH MOHapxHH: Ha3HaQeHHe uapeM COCTaBa rocy)lapCTBeHHoro CODCTS
KaK 3aKOHOCOBemaTeJ1bHOrO opraHa; pa3.ueJIeHHe BJ1aCTei-i, Bbl6opHOCTb cYJle6Hoi-!
BnaCTH. TIepBali KO,UI1<pHKaUH51pycCKMX 3aKOHOB.
QH'IepHH Ii.H. (1828 - 1904). KOHueIiUMSI pyccKoro KOHcepBaTMBHoro
(<<oXpaHHTeJlbHoro))) nH6epaJIH3Ma. rme51 IlpHMHpeHMSI caMo.uep)KaBMSI M
onn03HUHoHHoro ,UBH)KeHHSI. THrrOnOrH5I pyccKoro JIl16epaml3Ma: «YJlM'lHbIH»
(nH6epaJIH3M TOJlnbl); «onno3MUHOHHbIH)) (cHcTeMaTM'IeCKOe 06J1HlIeHHe BJIaCTH M.
caMoJl106oBaHl1e); «oxpaHHTeJlbHblM» (H.uell coe)].MHeHHSIJ1H6epanbHblx Mep M CHJ1bHOH
BJIaCTH; nYTb pelj>opM). fnaBHali o6meCTBeHHa51 np06J1eMa - COrJlaCOBaHlfe J1H'lHOCTI111
o6mecTBa, CBo60)lbI H 3aKOHa. BrracTb KaK Mepa 3aKOHHOCTI1 M cBo60J.bl 06mecTsa.
OrracHocTb rocYJlapCTBeHHoH ,necrrOTHM H «THpaHHH ,neMoKpaTMH». ,U06pOB0J1bHOe
(HpaBcTBeHHoe) H rrpl1HY,UHTenbHoe OTHomeHHlI CB060Jlbl H 3aKOHa. focy,napcTBo -
COI03 Bcex <pOPM 'leJlOBe4eCKoro 06me)KHTMSI. fp3)K)laHCKa51 (nMQHWI) cBo6oJJ,a KaK
OCHOBa npaBa. COJJ,ep)KaHHe rp3)K)].aHcKoH cBo60)].bI. OrpMuaHMe COUl1anHCTH4ecKOro
l1)leana, KpHTI1Ka MapKcH3Ma. B3aMMoo6ycJ1oBneHHocTb 3KOHoMM<lecKoH (npHHuHIl
lIacTHoH co6cTBeHHocTI1), nOJlM.rnqeCKOH 11rp3)KJlaHCKoH CBo6o)lbl. KOHcepBaTMBHaH H
JlH6epaJIbHWI napTHH KaK rapaHThl nOnl1TH4eCKoH cTa6MJIhHOCTM. OxpaHa CMCTeMbI
CB060)l - uenh rrpaBoBOro (<<npaBrrnbHofm» rocy,UapcTBa. KOHCTHTYUHoHHa51
MOHapxHlI (Tpl1e)lHHCTBO Hallan BnaCTH, 3aKOHa, CBo60Jlbl) KaK OrrTMMaJ1bHa51lj>opMa
npaBJ1eHHSI B YCJlOBI1HX POCCMH Ha4aJ1a XX BeKa. He06xo,nI1MOCTb KOHCTMTYl110HHOH
MOHapX~1M.KaK 3lj>lj>eKTHBHoro cpe,UcTBa pa3.ueneHHlI BJ1aCTeH Me:iK.uy COCJlOBMSlMHB
He)leMOKpaTHlIecKoM 06mecTBe. •
3a,lla1lHC 118 ceMHHap: - KOHuenUHSI KyJlbTypHO-HcTopH4eCKHX THnOB HJI.
,UaHHJ1eBCKOro; - o6cy)K,[(eHMe rrp06neMaTHKH KHHfH H.lI. C0J10HeBM4a «Hapo,nHa51
MOHapXIDI»; - OCHOBHble nOJJO)KeHMSI KOHuerrUV!H BH3aHTM3Ma K.H. JIeoHTbeBa; -
3B0J1IOUM51MOHapXM3MS B POCCMI1; - JlOKJ1aJl no KHHre M.JI. COJlOHeBWla «HapO)lHaSl
MOHapXMSI)).

TeMa11: 3BonlOlIVlH peBonlO~oHHoro pa,qVlKanVl3Ma
B Poc~~n1XIX-XXBB.
PeBOJIIOI.:HOHHbIHpaLHKaJIH3M: - LeKa6pHcThl; peBOJIIOI.:MOHHhIHneMoKpaTH3M
40-60-e rr. XIX BeKa; peBOJIIOI.:110HHOeHapOLHI1'1.eCTBO(TI.H. TKa'l.eB); MapKCI13M.
AHapXll3M H 60JIhllleBH3M KaK HTor 3BOJIIOI.:HHpeBOJIIOJ.J,I10HHOropaLHKaJlI13Ma.
HapO~HUqeCTBO K3K CHCTeMUblH B3pU3HT u~eOJJonlH nonymHMa.
TIocTaHoBKa rrpo6JIeMhi pa3BHTHSl KaIIHTaJIH3Ma B OTCTaJIOHarpapHoH CTpaHe. TeopMSl
HeKarrHTaJIHCTH'l.eCKOrO pa3BHTHSl POCCHH (HLeSl rrepexona K COI.:l1aJI113My'I.epe3
TpaHc<popMaI.:HIO TpaLI1I.:HoHHhIX LOKaIIHTaJIHCTH'l.eCKMX KOJIJIeKTI1BI1CTCKI1X
06lIeCTBeHHhlx HHCTHTyTOB). 06lIHHa KaK J:I'l.eHKa COI.:HaJIH3Ma. TIp06JIeMa
JIHKBHLaI.:HHKpeIIOCTHH'l.eCTBa. HLeJ:l HapOLa KaK rJIaBHOH CHJIbI HaI.:MOHaJIhHOrO
pa3BHTRJ:!,CIIeI.:H<pH'l.eCKOrOCOI.:MOKYJIhTypHoroCJIOSl.KOMMyHMcTM'l.ecKHe MHCTHHKTbl
11 TpaLHI.1111pyccKoro KpecThSlHcTBa (TI.H. TKa'l.eB). YlJ.eHMe 0 POJll1 JIMlJ.HOCTM"B
HCTOpHM; MLeSloc06oro ,nyxa, HaI.:MOHaJIhHOro"xapaKTepa pyccKoro Hapo,na. 3Tanbl
IIOJIMTHlfeCKOH 3BOJIIOI.:MMHapo,nHHlfeCTBa: - peBOJIIoI.:MoHHoe Hapo,nHMLfeCTBO(n. JI.
JIaBpoB (1823 - 1900), n. H. TKalfeB (1844 - 1850), 50-60 rr. XIX B.); _
Hapo,nHHlfecTBO KaK MaCCOBaSlMLeOJIOrMSlPa3HO'l.MHueB (60-70 rr.); - B3JIeT HneOJIOrHH
Hapo,nHHlfecTBa, opraHM3aI.:I1Sl«HapoLlHaSI BOJISl»(1879 - 1883); - HndiHblH KpH3HC
peBOJlIOUMOHHoro Hapo,nmllJ.eCTBa, 4>opMMpOBaHl1e B 80-90 rr. XIX B. J1H6ep3J1bHOrO
HapOLlHHLfecTBa (51.B. A6paMOB, C.H. KpI1BeHKo). l1LleHHoe co,nep)KaHl1e
peBOJIIOI.:HOHHoro HapO,1HHtIeCTBa: COUHaJIH3M KaK BceMHpHO-I1CTOpl1tIeCKaSl
3aKoHoMepHoCTh; IIpaBO JIWIHOCTI1Ha COUHaJIhHYIOaKTHBHoCTh, «TeOpHJ:I IIporpecca»,
I1LleJ:lC03,naHl1SlueHTpaJIH30BaHHoH IIOJIHTMtIeCKOHOpraHI13aUHH, rrapTHM (n.JI. JlaBpoB
- rrapTI1Sl KaK 06'he,l.MHeHHe «KpHTH'leCKH MhICJISllIHX JIHtIHOCTeH»), POJIh
HpaBcTBeHHoro HatIaJIa B peBOJIIOI.(HH, pOCT '1eJIOBe'l.eCKOH COJIHLapHOCTH H
KOOrrepaI.HH KaK KpHTepHH rrporpecca, ,l.OJIr HHTeJIJIHreHUHI1 nepeLl HapO,UOM
Heo6xOLI1MOCTh peBOJIIOUHOHHOH: LlHKTarypbl; MexaHH3Mhl nepep3CT3HHll
nOJIHTI1'IeCKOH (COllHaJIhHOH) peBOJIIOI.(HH B COUHaJIHCTHlJ.eCKYIO- nYTb nponaraH.uhl
(TI.JI. JIaBpOB), KpeCThSlHCKHe l>YHTbl (M.A. EaKYHI1H), peBOJIIOUHOHHoe
npo4>eCCl10HaJIhHOe MeHhIllHHCTBO (TI.H. TKatJeB); JI03yHr «3eMJIll 11 BOJIll»; KpHTI1K3
aHapXl13Ma. OTHoIlleHHe K JIeraJIhHhlM M HeJ1eraJIbHblM 4>opMaM nOJIYITHLfeCKo~i
60pb6bI. KpecThSlHcKaSI 061l~MHa KaK roTOBaSI OCHOBa COUHaJIM3Ma; He06xo.uMMOCTh
aKI.:HM peBOJIIOI.:MOHHOroMeHhlIlliHCTBa (TI.H. TKatIeB). TIOJIMTI1LfeCKHe Tpe60BaHHll
HapOLOBOJIhI.:eB:3aMeHa uapcKoH BJIaCTM HapO,l.OIIpaBHeM, C03hlB YLfpe.uHTeJlhHOrO
c06paHHH, Bceo61I.ee H36MpaTeJlhHOe rrpaBo, LeMOKpaTH'l.eCKHe cBo60Jbl, nepe.ualfa-
3eMJIH KpeCThSlHaM, COlO3HhlH ,nOroBOp M ,neMoKpaTM'leCKOe caMoynpaBJIeHMe
He3aBHCMMhiX 06lIHH, paBHorrpaBMe HaI.:HH.
JIu6epaJlbHOe HapO):{HH'IeCTBO. MMXaHJIOBCKl1H H.K. (1842 - 1904): rrporpecc
KaK LlBM>KeHHeK COIlMaJIhHOHO,nHOpOLlHOCTl1,ytJeHHe 0 «npas,ne - HCTMHe» H «npaBLle-
CITpaBe)I,JIMBOcTM»,TeopMSl «repoeB H TOJIIThI». fl;OIIhITI<a COUH3JIbHO-nCHXOJlOrl1'leCKOM
HHTeprrpeTaUHJI roaMMooTHoIlleHMH JIMLepa H TOJIITh). «TeopMSl M3JIhIX .ueml, KpMTHKa
MapKcM3Ma, oIInopTyHMcmlfecKoe OTH.ollleHHe K CaMO.l.ep>KaBMIO.
AHapXH3M B POCCDU XIX BeKa. TIoHllTHe «aHapxH3Mal>, HCTOpHlJ.eCKHeKOpHH.
TIocTaHoBKa rrp06JIeMhi JlM'IHOH cB060.uhl H oCB06o>K.ueHHll JlI1'IHOCTtI OT Bcex BHnOB
BJIaCTH, IIOHHMaHHe HaCMJ1MSlKaK eLlHHcTBeHHol'l <pOpMbl nepexo.u3 K cBo60'uHoMy
6e3rocY,l.apCTBeHHoMY 06lIeCTBy. AHapxM3M B 40-70 rr. XIX BeK3 (WTHpHep.
TIpy,nOH, EaKyHMH).
EaKYHl1H M.A. (1814 - 1876). l1Lle)I ueJlOCTHOCTH )l{M3HH KaK eLHHCTB3
lfeJlOBeKa, 06~ecTBa, BCeJIeHHoii. HCTOpH» KaK 3BOJlIOlMOHHbIH IIpouecc nepexo.ua
tJeJIOBetJeCTBaM3«uapcTBa >Kl1BOTHOCTm>B «uapCTBO cBo60nwl, MbIUIJlCHHe, peJIl1nHI.
rocy,napcTBeHHocTb - arpH6YTbl «I.:apCTB3 >KMBOTHOCTM».focynapcTBo - pe1YJlbT3T
HapyllleHH» Ml1pOBOH rapMoHHH, pa3phlB COJIH,napHocTH, «UHHI1'-lHOe OTPHI3HHe
'lCJIOBelfHOCTH». rocy.l.apCTBO - OCHOBHOH HCTOLfHMK COUHaJlbHblX npoTHBopeLfMH.
OTpMuaHHe ,l.MKTaTyphl rrpOJIeTapHaTa. 06lIecTBeHHhIH HLleaJl «cBo60,l.Hall
aCCOI.:MaI.:HSl3eMJIe,neJlb'l.eCKHX H 4>a6pHLfHo-peMeCJleHHhlX aCCOQHalHH, Tpe60BaHHe
HeMe)l,JleHHOrO rrepexo,na K cOI.:MaJIMCTH'l.eCKoH peBOJlIOUHI1, TaKTHKa np»Mom
,neHcTBH», l1,neSl caMoyrrpaBJlSlIOlIeroc» 6e3rocY.l.apCTBeHHoro KOMMYHHCTH'IeCKOrO
CTpOll ( Ha rrpl1HI.(MnaX CB060.l.HOH <pe,1epaI.(MMHHLHBH,nOBB KOMMyHhI, KOMMyH - B
npOBHHUHI1, npOBHHUI1H - B HaI.:MH, HaI.(HH - B COC,l.HHCHHbIClllTaThI EBpOIIhI ••
OTpMI,(aHHe BceMMpHo-MCTOpH'l.eCKOH MHCCHM rrpOJleTUpHUTa, ero nOJIHTH<ICCKOW
BJIaCTM, OTKa3 OT Bcex <pOPM JIeraJIhHOH nOJll1TH<leclCoH 60ph6hl. np06JlCMU
COOTHOIlleHHll «BepTMKaJIhHOrml Ii «ropM30HTaJIhHOrml ynpaBJleHHsl.
AHapxM3M KOHI.:a XIX BeKa - n.A. KponoTKMH (1814 - 1921). ¥IACSI
I.MKJIHtIHOCTM HCTopMlfecKoro rrpouecc3. B3aMMOnOMOlI.h (6HOCOUHOJl0rl1'1eCKMH
3aKOH) KaK LlBH>KYlIaSICl1JIa HCTOpHH. POLOBaSI,MHpcKaSl, rOpOLCKall, rocy,napcTBeHHaSl
cTyITeHM 06lIecTBeHHoro Pa3BMTl;IJ:I. KOJJJ1eKTMBHcTcKoe Ha'l.aJlO K3K 3TpH6yT
'leJIOBelfeCKoro pOLla. CYlIeCTBOBaHHe 06lIeCTBa no rocylapCTBZI; rocynapcTBO He
J:lBJI»eTCSlHeo6xoLlMMOH 4>OpMOH COI.:l1aJIbHOHopraHH3auHH H npe.uBapHTeJlbHhlM
yCJIOBMeM CYlIeCTBOBaHM» lfeJlOBe'l.eCKOrO 06meCTBa. BHelllHHe npM'l.HHbl
rrpOMCXO>K,l.eHH.SlrOCYLlapCTBa. AHTH3TaTM3M: roCYLlapCTBO H 'I.aCTHaSlco6CTBeHHOCTb-
,neMOpaJIM3YIOlIHe <paKTOphI HCTOpM'l.eCKOrO pa3BHTl111. KpMTMKa 6JJaHKM3Ma.
Orrpe,lleJlSlIOlIaSI POJIh peBOJIIOUlUi B HCTOpMH. B3aHMOnOMOlIh KaK <jJaKTOp,
HpaBCTBeHHaSlOCHOBa peBOJIIOI.:HH.PeBOJlIOUHH K3K «BeJlHKOe Hap0.l.HOe ,l.BmKeHHe»,
CTOJIKHOBeHHe KJIaCCOBhIX HHTepeCOB. CYlIHOCTh KpeCThSlHCKOH PCBOJIIOUHM.
AHapXHCT - «peBomOI.:MOHep, KOTOphIH ,neHcTByeT B Macce». H,lleOJIOrHtIeCKaSI H
OpraHH3aI.:MOHHaHPOJIb peBOJlIOI.:HOHHOHnapTHH B ITO.l.rOTOBKeBOCCTaHHJ:I.OTpHI.:aHMe
HLeM peBOJIIOl.HH «CBepxy>l. Hapo,nHhle peBomo.UHOHephl H BO>K,nH peBOJIIOI.:MM.
KOHI.:enUHSl«aHapXM'1eCKOrO KOMMyHH3Ma». KOMMyHH3M - CHHTe3 3KOHOMI1'1.eCKOHH
rrOJIHTM'l.eCKOH CB060,nhI: OCBo60>K,neHHe npOM3Bo,nMTeJI5I OT rHeT3 KaIlHT3Jla,
KOMMyHaJIbHOe npOH3BO,!CTBO H nOTpe6J1eHMe, CB06olHOe Pa3BHTI1C HIlJHIlHJla B
rpyrrne H rpyIIrr B <peLlepaUHSlX6e3 rrpaBMTeJIhCTB, OCBo60>KleHMe 01' pCJII1I'110'1II0f~
MOpaJIH. COUHaJIMCTM'IeCIC3SlpeBOJIIOl.HSlKaK rro6e,lla KOMMyHH3Ma. AHIWII1:1I«)MMyllllO-
cel(l.MOHHOH opraHM3aUHH nepMO,lla BeJIHKOH <ppaHUY3CKOH peUOJllOliHH l<ll(
MhTepHaTHBhI rocy.uapCTBeHHOCTH. «KOMMyHM3M IIOTpe6J1eHHlP). <TlCJICpllIllHI
CBo60,l.HhIXrrpOM3BO)lCTBeHHhIX06lIMH KaK OCHOBa6YLlYlIerO 06~eCTBa.
MapKCU3M 0 POCC"". Il.rIexaHoB LB. (1856 - 1918). nepBhIM npoIIUnlll)~HCT
MapKcM3Ma B POCC~IH. CO:ViHHMe fIJIeXaHOBhIM nepBoH MapKcHcTCKOM Opr8lHl1alll1H
«OcBo60)J(,lleHHe Tpy.u.m>, AnUJIH3 H oueHKa PYCCKoHpeBOJIIOI.:HOHHOHMbICJIH; KpHTHKU

29
JIM6epaJIhHoro Hapo):HM'IeCTBa M JIeraJIhHOrO MapKcM3Ma. nOCTaHOBKa np06neMbi
Heo6xo):MMOCTH M3Y'leHIHI pa6o'lero ):BM)l(eHIHI. l{ueSl 3aKoHoMepHoro xapaKTepa
06meCTI}eHHOrO np0l.ecca. Heo6xo):I1MOCTh KamlTaJIHCTM'IeCKOH CTa):HHpa3BI1THli ):JIli
POCCMM. 3aKOHOMepHOCTh M HeH36e)l(HOCTh COI.HaJIhHOH peBOJIIOI.MH. POJIb
):eMOKpaTM'IeCKHX nOJIHTHKO-npaBoBhlx HHCTH1)'TOB H lOpH):H'IeCKHX HOpM
6yp)l(ya3HOrO rocy):apCTBa B no):roToBKe pa6o'lero KJIaCCa K peBOmOlJ,HH. naHapXHSl
(npSlMOe Hap0):Hoe 3aKoHO):aTenhcTBo) KaK CpeAcTBo npeo.nOJleHI111 aHapXl111
6e3BJIaCTHSl H KpaHHocTeH 6YP)l(ya3Horo rocYJlapcTBa. MeHhWeBI1CTCKI1H IlCpHOJl
.neSlTeJIhHOcTH.OTHoIlleHHe K nporpaMMe 60JIhIlleBHKoB. OlJ,eHKa peBOJIIOlJ,HH1905- 07
rr., 1917 rr. (aBaHTlOpa, 60JIhIlleBHCTcKHH nepeBopOT). nporpaMMa nocTpoeHHll
«HOBoro» o6mecTBa B POCCl'U!.
PCBOJllOl.HOHHblH MapKcH3M. JIcHHH B.II. (1870 - 1924). OueHKa J1eHI1HOM
H.neOJIOrMMM npaKTMKH ):BM)l(eHHSlHapO)J.HHKOB(<<LITOTaKoe «.nPY3hll Hap0,lla» 11KaK
OHH BOIOlOT npOTHB COI.HaJI-.neMoKpaToB?», 1894; «'3KOHOMHLICCKOC cOnep)lWHI1C
Hapo)J.HM'IeCTBa H KpHTHKa ero B KHHre r-Ha CTpyBe»,1895). OCHOBHble nOJIO)l(eHI1Sl
KpHTHKH JIeraJIhHOro MapKcH3Ma, cy6'heKTHBHoH M)J.eOJIOrMM Hapo.nHH'IeCTBa.
CO)J.ep)l(aTeJIhHaSIpa3pa60TKa COI.MaJIUCTH'IeCKOMH):eOJIOrMH,onpe)J.eJIeHHe ee pOJIH B
HCTOpH'IeCKOM pa3BHTHH; pa3pa60TKa yqeHHSl 0 rrapTHM HOBoro THna l<aK Bhlcwei1
$opMe KJIaCCOBOH opraHH3al.HH npOJIeTapMaTa; pa3pa60TKa npl1HIll'fnOB
OpraHU3auuoHHoro cTPoeHHSl napTliIM, HeJIeraJIhHhIx,<pOPM 60Ph6bI; onpeleJICHl1e P0J111
MapKcHcTCKOH napTHI1 B coc.nHHeHHH COl.HaJIH3MaH pa60'lcro )J.BI1)l(CHHll,B Bhlpa60TKc
KJIaCCOBOro C03HaHI1Sl(<<Pa3BMTMeKanI1TaJIH3Ma B POCCHI'})' «C 'Iero Ha'laTh?, «4TO
)J.CJIaTb?», «illar Bnepe.n, .nBa Illara Ha3M», 190 1-04rr.). AHaJIH3 IlpH'II1H, JTaflOB,
.nBH~mHx CHJI peBOJIIOUIHI 1905-07rr.; y'leHuc 0 B03paCTaHHI1 cy6beKTI1BHoro
<paKTOpa B peBOJIIOUHOHHhIC nepHo.nh1; H.nCSl 0 MHoro06pa31111 <!>OPM 11 MCTOliOB
KJIaCCOBOH 60Pb6hl; KpHTHKa TCOpUH U npaKTHKI1 napTHI1 MCHhWeBI1KOB
(OPTO.nOKCaJIbHOCTbTCOPUU, onrrOpTYHH3M); nOCTaHOBKa Bonpoc 0 COOTHOWCHI1H
TCOpHI1 11, flpaKTI1KI1 B MapKcH3Me (<<,[(Be TaKTI1KI1 COl.l1aJI-)J.cMoKpaHm B
.neMoKpaTUqeCKOH peBOJIIOlJ,HH»).Pa3pa60TKa <pUJIOCO<pHHMapKcH3Ma (<<MaTCpHaJ1H3M
U 3MrrupuOKpHTUlJ,H3M», 1909); rrpuHulUlbI rrpOJICTapCKoro HCKyccTBa (<<DpI1HUHn
rrapTHHHOCTH HCKYccTBa», 1910). OCHOBHhiCrrOJIO)l(CHMSlPCJII1TH03HOHnOJ1HHIKI1(<<06
OTHOllICHHH pa6o'lcfi rrapTHI1 K pCmlrMH», 1909). AHaJII13 COlJ,HaJIbHO-3KOHOMI1'1CCKHX
H rHOCeOJIOrH'ICCKHX KopHeM peBH3HoHH3Ma (<<MapKcH3M H PCBIi3HOHJ13M»,
1908).OCHoBHble npHHlJ,Hnbl HauuOHj;lJIhHOH nOJIIiTUKH B YCJIOBJ1SlXI1MnCpHaJIH3Ma
(<<KpHTH'IeCKI1e 3aMCTKI1 no Hal.I10HaJIhHOMY Bonpocy», 1913 ).MapKcHcTcKali
KOHl.enl.Hll pa3BHTJ151pyccKoro oCBo60,ll,HTeJIbHOrO ,Il.BI1)KCHH51;OCHOBHble ::>Tallbl -
,lI,BOpSlHCKHH, 6YP~a3Ho-):eMoKpaTH'IeCKIiH, npOJICTapCKHH (<<DaMSlTH fepucHa»,
1912). JiIcTopMccKHe KOpHH, ncpHo.nH3aUHSI 11 cneuH$HKa pa3BHTIiSl MapKCH3Ma
(<<uCTOpHqeCKHCcy.nh6hI y'lCHHSl KapJIa MapKCa», «TpH HCTO'lHHKa H TPH COCTaBHhlC
qaCTH MapKcH3Ma», 1913).3KoHoMH'IccKoe H COI.MaJIhHO-nO)lMTI1LIeCKOecBoe06pa3HC
HMnepHaJIH3Ma «<l1MnCpI1aJIH3M KaK BblClIIM CTa.nHSlpa3BHTHSl KanHTaJIH3Ma», 1915).
Dpe,ll,nOChlJIKU H cymHocTh peBOJIIOI.110HHOMcHTyal.l1f1; onpe)J.CJleHHe OCHOBHhlX
3TanOB npOJICTapCKoM PCBOJIIOI.MH; l1)J.ell <;> HcpaBHoMcpHOM xapaKTepe
3KOHOMlfqeCKOro H nOJIHTH'ICCKOrO pa3BI1THSl KaK OCHOBHOM 3aKOHC pa3BI1THSI
KarrI1TaJIH3Ma H B03MO)l(HOCTH rr06e)J.b1 COUHaJIH3Ma B OT,lI,eJIbHOB3S1TOHcTPaHc (<<0
J103YHre Coc.nHHeHHhIX illTaToB EBpOnbl», 1915). Y'IeHHe 0 HCIi36e)KHOCTI1
nepcpaCTaHHSI 6YP~a3HO-.ncMoKpaTH'IccKOH peBOJIlOUl111 B COI.HaJll1cTHLIecKYIO
(<<TIuchMa H3 .naJICKa», 1917); onpe,ll,CJIeHHe Kypca Ha n06e)J.y COUl1aJ1I1CTH'ICCKOM
PCBOJIlOIlI1H; H,lI,CSlpecrry6JII1KH COBCTOB KaK rocy.napCTBCHHoM <POPMbl nHKTaTypbl
npOJIeTapHaTa; 3KCnJIMKaUI151MaTepl1aJIhHhlX npe.nnOCblJIOK COUHam13Ma; Hccne;.tOBallIlC
KJIaCCOBOHCYlllHOCTI1 Ii <PYHKIlI1H pa3J1H'IHhIX BI1)J.OB.llCMOKpanll1 (<<AnpCJlhCKI1C
TC3UCbl», «[OCy.napCTBO 11 PCBOJIIOUHSI» 1917; «0 rocy.llapCTBc», 1919). DpI1HUl1n
MHpHoro cocymecTBOBaHHSl KaK 3aKOH BHeIIIHeH nOJIHTUKI1 npOJIeTapCKoro
rocy):apcTBa. OCHOBhI 3KOHOMMqeCKOHnOJIHTHKH HOBoro rocy.napcTBa: BccHapo.nHhIH"
yqcT H KOHTPOJIb, nOBblIlleHMC rrpoH3Bo.nHTeJIhHOCTI1 TpY,ll.a, OpraHl13aUI151
copeBHoBaHHSI {(aK HC06X0AI1MbIC yCJIOBHSl rrepexo)J.a K flJ1aHOBoMy
COI.HaJIHCTH'ICCKOMYCTPOHTCJIbCTBY;npHHUHn .neMOKpaTI1LIeCKOro UCHTpaJ1M3MaKaK
OCHOBa COllHaJIHCTH'IeCKOrO rocy.napCTBeHHoro H X03J1HCTBeHHoro CTpOflTeJlbCTBa
(<<O'lCpC,lI,Hhle 3MaqH COBeTcKOH BJiaCTH», 1918). M.neSl KOMMyHI1CTI1'leCKoro
MHTepHallHOHaJIa: pa3Ho06pa3ue <pOpM ncpcxona K cOUl1aJ1I13MY;pa3pa60TKa TaKTI1KI1
C,llHHOro pa60'lcro <ppoHTa. Orrpc,llcnCHI1C KJIaCCoB,,<pOpMKOMMyHHCTl1'1CCKoroTpy.ua•
)];I1K'I'aTypa npOJICTapHaTa KaK COllHaJdiCTl1'1CCKOerocy):apcTBo ncpcxo.nHoro nepHo):a;
COOTHOllIeHHC ,lleMOKpaTI1H 11 .nHClll1nJII1Hbl; PYKOBOJlSlWa» POJIh KOMMyHI1CTI1'lCCKOH
lIapTuH B CI1CTCMe):I1KTaTyphl npOJIeTapl1aTa; Hc06xo,llI1MOCTb COlO3a npOJ1eTapl1aTa H
KpecThSlHcTBa «<0 ,llHKTaType npOJICTapHaTa», 1919).np06J1eMa COUl1aJIHCTH'ICCKOH
KyJIbTyphl (<<3Ma'iH C01030B MOJIOnC)l(M», 1920). OCHOBaHI1SlHOBOH ~KoHoMI1'lecKoH
nOJIHTUKH B YCJIOBHSlX npCOOJIa.naHHlI MeJIKOTOBapHoro np0l13BOnCTBa ( «0
npO,ll,HaJIOre»). DpHHI.HrrhI 1I0CTpOCHI1Sl e)J.I1Horo MHorOHaUHOHaJIbHOrO
COUUaJIHCTH'IeCKOrOrocy.napcTBa KaK ,ll06pOBOnhHoro COlO3aCyBcpcHHblX HaUI1H; POJ1h
HallHOHaJIhHO-OCB060.nHTeJIhHoM 60Ph6hI B Pa3JIM'IHhIX cTpaHax; Borrpochl
BHYTPeHHcro napTcTpOHTCJIbCTBa; rrp06J1CMbI npeeMcTBeHHocTH pyKoBo):cTBa napTHcH;
rrOJII1TI1'1CCKI1M:nopTpcT JIH,llepa napTHI1 (<<DOCJIC,llHI1CnHCbMa H CTaThl1»). OCHOBHblC
nOJlO)l(CHHSl60JIhIIICBHCTCKOH I1,l1,COJIOrHM:- I1.nCSIn06e.noHocHOH COl.I1aJIHCTH4eCKOH
pCBOJIIOUHH H «ncpMaHeHTHoH» Ml1pOBOH peBOJIIOUHI1; - PYKOBoASlwci1 P0J111
KOMMyHuCTUqCCKOH napTuu BO BCyX 06JIaCTSlX 06mecTBeHHoH )I<I13HI1; - line»
.nMKTaryphl rrpoJIeTapUaTa; - a6COJIIOTH3allMSIKJIaCCOBOrono.nxo,lla.
JIeraJlbHblU MapKcH3M (CTPyBc D.E., EyJIraKOB c.H., Eepnlles H.A .. TyraH-
EapaHOBCKHH M.M.); rHOCCOJIOrH'ICCKaSlH 3TI1'lCCKaSlKpHTHKa OCHOBHhlXnOJlO'lKeHI1H
<p11JIOCO<pHHMapKcM3Ma. M.ncSI Hay'lHoH HC)J.OKa3yeMocTI1nOJIHTI1'lCCKI1XnOJlO)l(eHJ1H
peBOJIlOlJ,HOHHOroMapKcM3Ma.
OCHOBHblC HanpaBJIeHnB nOJlnUI'leclcoM MblCJlH pyccKoro 3apy6en.:bu
(CTPyBe D.E., ECPMeB H.A., cI>paHK c.n., I1nbHH M.A., EyJ1raKOB C.H., <!>C):OTOB
r.n.): CBpa3MM:CTBO,CMCHOBeXOBCTBO,COlJ,MaJIhHhIHHCpapX113M (EepJ.VJeB, <!>paHK),
HeoMoHapXH3M (MnhHH UA., COJIOHeBUq UJ1.), XpMCTl1aHCKI1HCOUHaJIH3M(EyJ1raKOB
C.J1., cI>ell:OToB r.n.). EBpa3HMCTBO (20-30 rr. XX B.) (D.H. CaBHUKHH, H.C.
Tpy6cUKOH, J1.D. KapcaBHH): EBPa3HSl KaK HOBblM rCO!lOJII1TH4CCKHH H
COUHOKYJlhTYPHblH <peHOMeH; oc060e «MCCTOpa3BHTlie» POCCIiI1 KaK OPl'ilHI1'1CCKOI'O
coe.nI1HCHHSIBOCTOKa H 3anMa; H.neOKpaTH'IcCKoc,rOCYJlapCTBO; enl11-1UHl<yJIbTypHO-
rocy.napCTBeHHaSI uJl,COJIOrHSInpaBSlmero CTPOSlHa OCHOBenpaBOCJIaBHll.
KOHUelllJ,HlI KOHcepBaTHBHoro JlI16epaJIH3Ma n. E. CTPyBe - nOllblTKa Cl1HTe3a
lleHHOCTCM: KJIaCCMQCCKOrOJIH6epaJII13Ma H .nyXOBHO-KyJIhTypHoro KOHCCpBaTI13Ma.
THnonOfliSl nOJIl1TH'IeCKUX .nBH)l(CHHH, napTI1H, l1,lle0J10rI1M (c. fl. <DpaHK). Kpl1'repHI1

введение в политологию

введение в политологию

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