This text is an excerpt from a story describing a group of children meeting a new guest - a prince - in their dormitory. The children try speaking to him in different languages like English and French, assuming he does not understand Russian. However, the prince responds that he does understand Russian. He looks at the children pleadingly, realizing a misunderstanding has occurred due to the language barrier.
This textbook discusses how a person develops their individuality through life experiences in society. It examines portraits of two young women and asks students to describe one in their own words. Students are asked to consider what makes someone a strong personality by choosing from options provided. The document explores how people come to understand themselves and the world through self-reflection and understanding others.
1. The document provides an overview of early Russian history from ancient times to the late 16th century.
2. It discusses the origins and livelihoods of the Eastern Slavs and their neighboring tribes, as well as the early states that formed on Russian territory.
3. The emergence of the Kievan Rus' state in the 9th century under the rule of Varangian princes like Rurik is summarized.
1. In the late 19th century, Germany experienced rapid industrialization and economic growth following its unification in 1871. Germany's economy was aided by factors such as the creation of a single market, a single currency, and investments in infrastructure and industry.
2. However, this period of growth also saw the rise of social tensions and conflicts between workers and industrialists. In the 1870s and 1880s, the first socialist and labor representatives were elected to the German parliament, expressing voices of opposition to the existing political and economic system.
3. By the 1890s, Germany was one of the world's leading economic powers but also faced new challenges to its political stability from a growing socialist movement and tensions with other
This document provides a 3-paragraph introduction to a 5th grade textbook on social studies for Russian schools.
The first paragraph explains that the textbook series was established in 2005 as a collaboration between the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Russian Academy of Education, and the publishing house "Prosveshcheniye", to create a Russian school textbook series.
The second paragraph states that this textbook is part of an instructional complex for 5th grade social studies. The content fully aligns with the textbook "Social Studies. 5th Grade" edited by L.N. Bogolubov and L.F. Izvolskaya. The textbook is designed for classroom and home use, with tasks of varying difficulty
1. Geometry studies the properties of geometric figures. Basic figures include triangles, squares, and circles.
2. A point is a location in space. A line is infinite and straight. Three points that are not on the same line can be used to uniquely determine a plane.
3. A segment is the part of a line between two points. Its endpoints are called the vertices of the segment. Three points determine a unique plane.
This textbook covers Russian history in the 19th century from 1801 to 1896. It is intended for 8th grade students and follows the Federal Educational Standards of Russia. The textbook discusses the domestic and foreign policies of the Russian emperors Alexander I, Nicholas I, and Alexander III, as well as major social, economic, and cultural developments. Key events covered include the Napoleonic Wars, reforms under Mikhail Speransky and Alexander II, the abolition of serfdom, the Crimean War, and Russia's role in international relations in this period. The textbook aims to help students understand the distinctive features of Russia's social, economic, political and cultural development in the 19th century.
1. The document discusses the industrialization and economic development of Western countries and the United States in the 19th century.
2. Key developments included rapid urbanization and population growth in cities, the expansion of rail networks, and the rise of industrial production.
3. New scientific discoveries and inventions in the field of technology fundamentally changed people's lives and drove industrialization.
A. The abolition of serfdom. B. Alexander II decided to abolish serfdom in 1861 due to economic stagnation caused by serfdom and the risk of further peasant uprisings. C. The emancipation reform freed the serfs and allowed them to own land, but they had to pay redemption payments to landlords to compensate for the loss of labor. D. The reform stopped short of full emancipation and left peasants in a disadvantaged position.
This textbook discusses how a person develops their individuality through life experiences in society. It examines portraits of two young women and asks students to describe one in their own words. Students are asked to consider what makes someone a strong personality by choosing from options provided. The document explores how people come to understand themselves and the world through self-reflection and understanding others.
1. The document provides an overview of early Russian history from ancient times to the late 16th century.
2. It discusses the origins and livelihoods of the Eastern Slavs and their neighboring tribes, as well as the early states that formed on Russian territory.
3. The emergence of the Kievan Rus' state in the 9th century under the rule of Varangian princes like Rurik is summarized.
1. In the late 19th century, Germany experienced rapid industrialization and economic growth following its unification in 1871. Germany's economy was aided by factors such as the creation of a single market, a single currency, and investments in infrastructure and industry.
2. However, this period of growth also saw the rise of social tensions and conflicts between workers and industrialists. In the 1870s and 1880s, the first socialist and labor representatives were elected to the German parliament, expressing voices of opposition to the existing political and economic system.
3. By the 1890s, Germany was one of the world's leading economic powers but also faced new challenges to its political stability from a growing socialist movement and tensions with other
This document provides a 3-paragraph introduction to a 5th grade textbook on social studies for Russian schools.
The first paragraph explains that the textbook series was established in 2005 as a collaboration between the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Russian Academy of Education, and the publishing house "Prosveshcheniye", to create a Russian school textbook series.
The second paragraph states that this textbook is part of an instructional complex for 5th grade social studies. The content fully aligns with the textbook "Social Studies. 5th Grade" edited by L.N. Bogolubov and L.F. Izvolskaya. The textbook is designed for classroom and home use, with tasks of varying difficulty
1. Geometry studies the properties of geometric figures. Basic figures include triangles, squares, and circles.
2. A point is a location in space. A line is infinite and straight. Three points that are not on the same line can be used to uniquely determine a plane.
3. A segment is the part of a line between two points. Its endpoints are called the vertices of the segment. Three points determine a unique plane.
This textbook covers Russian history in the 19th century from 1801 to 1896. It is intended for 8th grade students and follows the Federal Educational Standards of Russia. The textbook discusses the domestic and foreign policies of the Russian emperors Alexander I, Nicholas I, and Alexander III, as well as major social, economic, and cultural developments. Key events covered include the Napoleonic Wars, reforms under Mikhail Speransky and Alexander II, the abolition of serfdom, the Crimean War, and Russia's role in international relations in this period. The textbook aims to help students understand the distinctive features of Russia's social, economic, political and cultural development in the 19th century.
1. The document discusses the industrialization and economic development of Western countries and the United States in the 19th century.
2. Key developments included rapid urbanization and population growth in cities, the expansion of rail networks, and the rise of industrial production.
3. New scientific discoveries and inventions in the field of technology fundamentally changed people's lives and drove industrialization.
A. The abolition of serfdom. B. Alexander II decided to abolish serfdom in 1861 due to economic stagnation caused by serfdom and the risk of further peasant uprisings. C. The emancipation reform freed the serfs and allowed them to own land, but they had to pay redemption payments to landlords to compensate for the loss of labor. D. The reform stopped short of full emancipation and left peasants in a disadvantaged position.
This document provides information about a history textbook on 19th century Russia written by A.A. Danilov and N.G. Kosulina. It was published in two parts in 2012 by Prosvyascheniye Publishing House in Moscow for use in secondary schools. The textbook covers political reforms under Alexander I from 1801-1806, foreign policy from 1801-1812, and the reform efforts of M.M. Speransky during this period. It includes chapters, tables, maps and review questions to help students learn the material.
A quadrilateral is a four-sided plane geometric figure. The key elements of a quadrilateral are:
1. Vertices - the corner points labeled A, B, C, D.
2. Sides - the line segments connecting the vertices labeled AB, BC, CD, DA.
3. Diagonals - line segments connecting non-adjacent vertices, such as AC or BD.
For a quadrilateral to exist, no two sides can lie on the same line and no two non-adjacent sides can have a common point. The area enclosed by the sides of a quadrilateral is called its interior.
137 1 окружающий мир. 3кл. в 2ч. ч.1. (обитатели земли)-вахрушев, данилов и...ddfefa
This document provides guidance for students on how to work with their textbook from the "Khola 2100" educational system. It explains that the goal is to help students learn to solve problems while remaining good people. Students should organize their work, collaborate with others, develop their character, and evaluate their own and others' actions. The textbook is designed to form students' understanding of the world based on their own experiences and spark interest in science. Questions are provided to help students understand key concepts and connections in the surrounding world. Teachers and students decide together how to work with the textbook, while authors only explain their intent.
This document provides an introduction to insects by describing some of their key characteristics and adaptations that have enabled their success. It notes that insects were one of the first living creatures to inhabit Earth and have since diversified into over 1 million known species. Their small size allows insects to be highly mobile and agile while requiring minimal energy. Their hard exoskeleton, temperature regulation abilities, and other adaptations make insects well-suited to survive across various environments on Earth. The document then encourages hands-on examination of common insects like dragonflies and beetles to observe these traits firsthand.
1. The document discusses world history from 1500-1800 AD, a transitional period from traditional to industrial society known as the Early Modern era.
2. Key developments during this time included major geographic discoveries, reforms, and the beginning of challenges to old traditions as modern man emerged. The provided assignments will help students better understand the studied epoch by having them analyze facts and verify their knowledge.
3. Some of the assignments ask students to identify inventions that enabled geographic discoveries, summarize biographies of explorers like Christopher Columbus, and analyze the political and economic consequences of establishing absolutism in European states.
The document discusses the Enlightenment period from 1500-1800 AD and the key ideas of Enlightenment philosophers. It provides excerpts from the works of Montesquieu, Voltaire, Rousseau, and Diderot where they advocate for establishing a society based on scientific knowledge and humanism. The philosophers believed that by spreading reason and education, one could improve life on Earth and reform outdated traditions. They saw the potential for progress through scientific and social change.
072 окружающ. мир. контр. и провер. работы. 4кл вахрушев а.а. и др-2012 -66сddfefa
This document provides guidance for teachers on evaluating student work in the subject area of "The Surrounding World" for 4th grade. It includes:
1) Descriptions of formative and summative assessments included in the provided workbook to check student understanding of key topics.
2) Recommendations for a standardized grading system and process for providing feedback to students on their demonstration of learning objectives.
3) A table outlining the learning objectives and skills being assessed in the subject area according to state standards.
The document appears to be in Ukrainian and contains several short passages of text with questions following each one. The passages discuss different genres of Ukrainian folklore such as dumy, songs, tales, riddles, proverbs and sayings. The questions ask the reader to identify themes, meanings or names mentioned in the passages.
The document discusses the transition from traditional to industrial society, noting how certain changes like the division of labor, standardized production processes, and centralization of capital that emerged in the 18th century laid the foundations for industrialization. It analyzes key aspects of industrialization like factories, mass production, and the application of science and technology to manufacturing. Overall, the text examines how industrialization transformed societies and economies around the world as it spread throughout the 19th and 20th centuries.
This document provides instructions for completing a Russian language exam consisting of 3 parts in 3 hours and 30 minutes. Part 1 has 30 multiple choice questions to be marked with an X. Part 2 has 8 short answer questions to complete independently. Part 3 is a short writing assignment. Candidates are advised to attempt all questions in order and use the provided blank pages and pencils only. They are also encouraged to attempt as many questions as possible to receive the most points.
PyccK~~ R3biK Er3 2013
Bap~aHT NQ 01
C~6~pb
1. This document provides instructions for taking a Russian language exam, which consists of 3 parts over 3.5 hours. Part 1 has 30 multiple choice questions. Part 2 has 8 short answer questions. Part 3 is a longer writing assignment.
2. Students are advised to answer the questions in order but can skip ones and return later if needed. Scores will be summed at the end. Blank answer sheets should be filled in with dark blue or black ink only.
3. The exam is closed book but notes can be made in the provided booklet. Answers written
This document provides instructions for completing a Russian language exam. The exam consists of 3 parts and takes 3.5 hours to complete. Part 1 has 30 multiple choice questions with 4 answer options each. Part 2 has 8 short answer questions. Part 3 is a short written response based on a text. Candidates are advised to attempt all questions in order and skip any they cannot immediately answer to save time. Points will be totaled for completed questions.
This document provides instructions for completing a Russian language exam consisting of 3 parts in 3 hours and 30 minutes. Part 1 has 30 multiple choice questions, Part 2 has 8 short answer questions, and Part 3 is a short writing assignment based on a text. Candidates are advised to attempt all questions in order and skip any they cannot immediately complete to save time for later. Scores from all parts will be summed. The exam must be completed using black or blue ink pen. Notes made in pencil will not be considered. Candidates are wished success on the exam.
- The draft law proposes restructuring foreign currency loans taken out by Ukrainian individuals to purchase single-family homes.
- It reduces interest rates and allows deferring partial repayment over 3 years for restructured loans.
- It also provides relief from penalties for late payments since January 2014 and allows banks flexibility in restructuring terms.
- The goal is to ease financial burden on individuals with foreign currency loans while preventing escalation of social tensions and instability in Ukraine's economy.
This document provides an overview of a university course on political science. The goal of the course is to develop a democratic political culture and the ability to critically analyze current political events. The course structure focuses on explaining the development of political consciousness, analyzing fundamental problems in contemporary political science and humanities, and addressing issues of identity and theory. Students are evaluated based on class attendance and participation, written assignments and tests, and an oral presentation on a topic of their choice. Academic integrity is strictly enforced, and all sources must be properly cited.
This document provides an overview of the key concepts in political science. It defines politics as the relationships, activities, orientations and communications between social classes and groups regarding power and governance of society. Politics occurs on multiple levels from the individual to the international level. The document also outlines the main forms and elements of politics including political institutions, processes, norms and activities of individuals and groups. It establishes political science as the study of politics and the interactions between the state, society and individuals.
The Right to Economic Initiative for a Local Sustainable Development - achievements and challenges in Serbia. General Manager of BIP - Business Innovation Programs of Norway and STUDENT ENTERPRISES – EXPERIMENT FOR THE FUTURE
This document provides information about a history textbook on 19th century Russia written by A.A. Danilov and N.G. Kosulina. It was published in two parts in 2012 by Prosvyascheniye Publishing House in Moscow for use in secondary schools. The textbook covers political reforms under Alexander I from 1801-1806, foreign policy from 1801-1812, and the reform efforts of M.M. Speransky during this period. It includes chapters, tables, maps and review questions to help students learn the material.
A quadrilateral is a four-sided plane geometric figure. The key elements of a quadrilateral are:
1. Vertices - the corner points labeled A, B, C, D.
2. Sides - the line segments connecting the vertices labeled AB, BC, CD, DA.
3. Diagonals - line segments connecting non-adjacent vertices, such as AC or BD.
For a quadrilateral to exist, no two sides can lie on the same line and no two non-adjacent sides can have a common point. The area enclosed by the sides of a quadrilateral is called its interior.
137 1 окружающий мир. 3кл. в 2ч. ч.1. (обитатели земли)-вахрушев, данилов и...ddfefa
This document provides guidance for students on how to work with their textbook from the "Khola 2100" educational system. It explains that the goal is to help students learn to solve problems while remaining good people. Students should organize their work, collaborate with others, develop their character, and evaluate their own and others' actions. The textbook is designed to form students' understanding of the world based on their own experiences and spark interest in science. Questions are provided to help students understand key concepts and connections in the surrounding world. Teachers and students decide together how to work with the textbook, while authors only explain their intent.
This document provides an introduction to insects by describing some of their key characteristics and adaptations that have enabled their success. It notes that insects were one of the first living creatures to inhabit Earth and have since diversified into over 1 million known species. Their small size allows insects to be highly mobile and agile while requiring minimal energy. Their hard exoskeleton, temperature regulation abilities, and other adaptations make insects well-suited to survive across various environments on Earth. The document then encourages hands-on examination of common insects like dragonflies and beetles to observe these traits firsthand.
1. The document discusses world history from 1500-1800 AD, a transitional period from traditional to industrial society known as the Early Modern era.
2. Key developments during this time included major geographic discoveries, reforms, and the beginning of challenges to old traditions as modern man emerged. The provided assignments will help students better understand the studied epoch by having them analyze facts and verify their knowledge.
3. Some of the assignments ask students to identify inventions that enabled geographic discoveries, summarize biographies of explorers like Christopher Columbus, and analyze the political and economic consequences of establishing absolutism in European states.
The document discusses the Enlightenment period from 1500-1800 AD and the key ideas of Enlightenment philosophers. It provides excerpts from the works of Montesquieu, Voltaire, Rousseau, and Diderot where they advocate for establishing a society based on scientific knowledge and humanism. The philosophers believed that by spreading reason and education, one could improve life on Earth and reform outdated traditions. They saw the potential for progress through scientific and social change.
072 окружающ. мир. контр. и провер. работы. 4кл вахрушев а.а. и др-2012 -66сddfefa
This document provides guidance for teachers on evaluating student work in the subject area of "The Surrounding World" for 4th grade. It includes:
1) Descriptions of formative and summative assessments included in the provided workbook to check student understanding of key topics.
2) Recommendations for a standardized grading system and process for providing feedback to students on their demonstration of learning objectives.
3) A table outlining the learning objectives and skills being assessed in the subject area according to state standards.
The document appears to be in Ukrainian and contains several short passages of text with questions following each one. The passages discuss different genres of Ukrainian folklore such as dumy, songs, tales, riddles, proverbs and sayings. The questions ask the reader to identify themes, meanings or names mentioned in the passages.
The document discusses the transition from traditional to industrial society, noting how certain changes like the division of labor, standardized production processes, and centralization of capital that emerged in the 18th century laid the foundations for industrialization. It analyzes key aspects of industrialization like factories, mass production, and the application of science and technology to manufacturing. Overall, the text examines how industrialization transformed societies and economies around the world as it spread throughout the 19th and 20th centuries.
This document provides instructions for completing a Russian language exam consisting of 3 parts in 3 hours and 30 minutes. Part 1 has 30 multiple choice questions to be marked with an X. Part 2 has 8 short answer questions to complete independently. Part 3 is a short writing assignment. Candidates are advised to attempt all questions in order and use the provided blank pages and pencils only. They are also encouraged to attempt as many questions as possible to receive the most points.
PyccK~~ R3biK Er3 2013
Bap~aHT NQ 01
C~6~pb
1. This document provides instructions for taking a Russian language exam, which consists of 3 parts over 3.5 hours. Part 1 has 30 multiple choice questions. Part 2 has 8 short answer questions. Part 3 is a longer writing assignment.
2. Students are advised to answer the questions in order but can skip ones and return later if needed. Scores will be summed at the end. Blank answer sheets should be filled in with dark blue or black ink only.
3. The exam is closed book but notes can be made in the provided booklet. Answers written
This document provides instructions for completing a Russian language exam. The exam consists of 3 parts and takes 3.5 hours to complete. Part 1 has 30 multiple choice questions with 4 answer options each. Part 2 has 8 short answer questions. Part 3 is a short written response based on a text. Candidates are advised to attempt all questions in order and skip any they cannot immediately answer to save time. Points will be totaled for completed questions.
This document provides instructions for completing a Russian language exam consisting of 3 parts in 3 hours and 30 minutes. Part 1 has 30 multiple choice questions, Part 2 has 8 short answer questions, and Part 3 is a short writing assignment based on a text. Candidates are advised to attempt all questions in order and skip any they cannot immediately complete to save time for later. Scores from all parts will be summed. The exam must be completed using black or blue ink pen. Notes made in pencil will not be considered. Candidates are wished success on the exam.
- The draft law proposes restructuring foreign currency loans taken out by Ukrainian individuals to purchase single-family homes.
- It reduces interest rates and allows deferring partial repayment over 3 years for restructured loans.
- It also provides relief from penalties for late payments since January 2014 and allows banks flexibility in restructuring terms.
- The goal is to ease financial burden on individuals with foreign currency loans while preventing escalation of social tensions and instability in Ukraine's economy.
This document provides an overview of a university course on political science. The goal of the course is to develop a democratic political culture and the ability to critically analyze current political events. The course structure focuses on explaining the development of political consciousness, analyzing fundamental problems in contemporary political science and humanities, and addressing issues of identity and theory. Students are evaluated based on class attendance and participation, written assignments and tests, and an oral presentation on a topic of their choice. Academic integrity is strictly enforced, and all sources must be properly cited.
This document provides an overview of the key concepts in political science. It defines politics as the relationships, activities, orientations and communications between social classes and groups regarding power and governance of society. Politics occurs on multiple levels from the individual to the international level. The document also outlines the main forms and elements of politics including political institutions, processes, norms and activities of individuals and groups. It establishes political science as the study of politics and the interactions between the state, society and individuals.
The Right to Economic Initiative for a Local Sustainable Development - achievements and challenges in Serbia. General Manager of BIP - Business Innovation Programs of Norway and STUDENT ENTERPRISES – EXPERIMENT FOR THE FUTURE
The document discusses the history and development of a new technology called blockchain. Blockchain was originally developed for the digital currency Bitcoin in 2008 as a way to record transactions in a secure, decentralized manner without the need for a central authority. Since then, blockchain has expanded beyond cryptocurrencies and is now being applied to other areas like supply chain management, digital identity, and smart contracts due to its ability to securely and immutably store data and track the exchange of assets across a distributed network.
The document discusses the history and development of artificial intelligence over the past 70 years. It outlines some of the key milestones in AI research from the early work in the 1950s to modern advances in machine learning using neural networks. While progress has been made, fully general human-level artificial intelligence remains an ongoing challenge being worked on by researchers.
The document discusses the history and development of artificial intelligence over the past 70 years. It outlines some of the key milestones in AI research from the early work in the 1950s to recent advances in deep learning. Modern AI has become very effective in areas like computer vision and speech recognition but still struggles with general intelligence like humans.
1. The document discusses world history from 1500-1800 AD, a transitional period from traditional to industrial society known as early modern history.
2. Key developments during this time included major geographic discoveries thanks to innovations like the caravel ship, compass, and gunpowder weapons. These allowed Europeans to explore oceans and map previously unknown lands.
3. Monarchies in European countries increasingly adopted absolutism as a form of government during this period, concentrating political power in the hands of a single ruler. This had significant political and economic impacts on these societies.
Oleg, a young boy, is spending his summer evening helping his mother in the library near their home. While reshelving books, Oleg hears a strange noise coming from a narrow passageway between the shelves. Curious, he investigates and discovers something unexpected.
Oleg, a young boy, is spending his summer evening helping his mother in the library near their home. While reshelving books, Oleg hears a strange noise coming from a narrow passageway between the shelves. Curious, he investigates and discovers something unexpected.
This document provides teaching materials for 5th grade students studying the subject of "Obshchestvoznanie" (social studies). It includes an introduction welcoming students to the new subject and encouraging them to fully engage with the tasks. The tasks cover a range of topics and difficulty levels related to social studies concepts. Students are advised that some challenging tasks marked with an asterisk are meant for those willing to work independently, and that it's okay if not all tasks can be completed at once. The goal is for students to expand their knowledge and skills over time.
270 1 литературное чтение. 3кл. в 2ч. ч.1-бунеев, бунеева_2008 -208сkov89
This summary provides an overview of a 3-page Russian children's literature textbook introduction in 3 sentences:
The introduction welcomes the third grade student who will be reading the book, introducing them to the main characters including 9-year-old Nastya and her family. It explains that through reading the stories together, the student will develop their reading skills and interests while also relating to and learning from the experiences of Nastya and her friends. The goal is to further develop the student's reading abilities and foster their intellectual, verbal, and aesthetic development.
270 1 литературное чтение. 3кл. в 2ч. ч.1-бунеев, бунеева_2008 -208сddfefa
This summary provides an overview of a 3-page Russian children's literature textbook introduction in 3 sentences:
The introduction introduces a 9-year-old girl named Nastya and her family as characters who will guide the reader through stories in the textbook. It explains that the textbook aims to further develop reading skills and interest in reading through intellectually, verbally and aesthetically developing stories for 3rd grade students. The characters will laugh and feel sad together with the reader to make the learning experience enjoyable.
The document provides fashion and style tips for spring, including colorful outfits made from innovative fabrics, romantic looks for weddings, and creative ideas for children's clothing. It also features interviews with designers, advice from stylists, and reviews of the latest trends in moderate and plus size fashion. The content aims to inspire and support readers in expressing their individual style.
1. The passage is a short story about a boy who tries to trick his teacher and classmates into thinking he is sick so he does not have to do his lessons.
2. The main character fakes having a toothache by putting a piece of paper under his tooth. However, his ruse is discovered by a classmate who notices the paper is on the wrong side of his mouth.
3. The story suggests that while tricking others can seem fun, it is better to be honest and do one's schoolwork.
1. Geometry studies the properties of geometric figures. Basic figures include triangles, squares, and circles.
2. A point is a location in space. A line is infinite and straight. Three points that are not in a line can be used to uniquely determine a plane.
3. A segment is the part of a line between two points. Its endpoints are called the vertices of the segment. Three points determine a unique plane.
This textbook is the first in the "Forward" series, which provides a progressive approach to learning English from grades 2 to 11. The textbook includes 14 chapters in the first part and 14 chapters in the second part. It corresponds to the federal component of state educational standards for primary general education.
The literary-musical evening featured poems inspired by classic Russian authors set to music. The Muse and Poet engaged in a creative dialogue, with the Muse providing inspiration and guidance. Through their discussion, they transported the audience to the world of 19th century Russian poetry.
Гурток “Літературне краєзнавство”, відзнака в номінації “Вірш/проза”Unbib Mk
This summary provides the key details from the multi-paragraph Ukrainian language document in 3 sentences:
The document discusses a literature club in Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine led by Lagera Tetiana Lukivna. It focuses on the club members expressing their love for Ukrainian culture, history, and homeland through poetry. The poems cover themes of patriotism, nature, struggle and unity among the Ukrainian people.
The document discusses the Enlightenment period from 1500-1800 AD and the key ideas of Enlightenment philosophers. It provides excerpts from the works of Montesquieu, Voltaire, Rousseau, and Diderot where they advocate for establishing a society based on scientific knowledge and humanism. The philosophers believed that by spreading reason and education, one could improve life on Earth and reform outdated traditions. They saw the potential for progress through scientific and social change.
1. The document discusses several terms related to emerging educational technologies including MOOCs, blended learning, flipped classrooms, online learning, and personalized learning.
2. It provides brief definitions and examples of these different approaches such as MOOCs being massive open online courses that are available to anyone anywhere and blended learning combining online and face-to-face classroom methods.
3. The document emphasizes that while approaches may differ, the goal remains the same which is to make students more engaged, self-directed learners who can work beyond the boundaries of a traditional classroom.
The document discusses the origins of dogs from wolves. Through selective breeding experiments over many generations, scientists were able to domesticate foxes in a way similar to how wolves became dogs. Genetic research confirms that dogs descended solely from wolves, as dogs and wolves share maternal mitochondrial DNA. While wolves have changed little over thousands of years, dogs developed into diverse breeds through human-guided evolution.
Birds are a diverse and fascinating group of living creatures that have evolved the ability to fly. There are over 20,000 species of birds worldwide that can be classified into two main groups - songbirds and non-songbirds. Within these groups there is immense variety, yet all birds share key characteristics like feathers, wings adapted for flight, and the laying of eggs. Some of the most well-known and studied birds include the archaeopteryx, considered one of the earliest birds, as well as the owl and crow, which have intriguing adaptations and behaviors.
This document provides a concise 3-part exercise routine set to music that involves full body movement and coordination. The routine begins with marching movements of the arms and legs. It then incorporates torso rotations and reaching movements of the arms in different directions. Finally, it includes hopping movements and a gentle spin. The routine aims to develop physical skills while allowing self-expression through creative dance.
This document provides information about the feline family (Felidae) in 3 sentences:
Domestic cats belong to the genus Felis, which includes many species ranging from small lynx-like cats to larger ones resembling bobcats. There are over 36 feline species worldwide that vary significantly in size, coat coloration, and habitat. Felines are highly specialized predators that have evolved traits like retractable claws and keen night vision to effectively hunt prey.
1) The patient is a 31-year old male who was admitted to the hospital for treatment after sustaining a wound to his left forearm while working with a knife.
2) On examination, the patient has a 5-6 cm long open wound on the anterior surface of his left forearm with some minor bleeding.
3) Tests show normal vital signs and no other abnormalities. The patient is scheduled for surgery to treat the wound.
1. A little girl asks her father what time it is. The father smiles and tells her that in the box lives a little clock.
2. When he opens the box, inside is a handkerchief with a drawn clock face on it showing two hands, one longer and one shorter.
3. The father uses the handkerchief to teach the daughter how to tell time without an actual clock.
Similar to русский язык, 5 класс, книга 1 , бунеев р.н., бунеева е.в., комиссарова л.ю (20)
Securing BGP: Operational Strategies and Best Practices for Network Defenders...APNIC
Md. Zobair Khan,
Network Analyst and Technical Trainer at APNIC, presented 'Securing BGP: Operational Strategies and Best Practices for Network Defenders' at the Phoenix Summit held in Dhaka, Bangladesh from 23 to 24 May 2024.
Discover the benefits of outsourcing SEO to Indiadavidjhones387
"Discover the benefits of outsourcing SEO to India! From cost-effective services and expert professionals to round-the-clock work advantages, learn how your business can achieve digital success with Indian SEO solutions.
Honeypots Unveiled: Proactive Defense Tactics for Cyber Security, Phoenix Sum...APNIC
Adli Wahid, Senior Internet Security Specialist at APNIC, delivered a presentation titled 'Honeypots Unveiled: Proactive Defense Tactics for Cyber Security' at the Phoenix Summit held in Dhaka, Bangladesh from 23 to 24 May 2024.
HijackLoader Evolution: Interactive Process HollowingDonato Onofri
CrowdStrike researchers have identified a HijackLoader (aka IDAT Loader) sample that employs sophisticated evasion techniques to enhance the complexity of the threat. HijackLoader, an increasingly popular tool among adversaries for deploying additional payloads and tooling, continues to evolve as its developers experiment and enhance its capabilities.
In their analysis of a recent HijackLoader sample, CrowdStrike researchers discovered new techniques designed to increase the defense evasion capabilities of the loader. The malware developer used a standard process hollowing technique coupled with an additional trigger that was activated by the parent process writing to a pipe. This new approach, called "Interactive Process Hollowing", has the potential to make defense evasion stealthier.
3. Y.lIK 373.167.1:811.161.1
BBK 81.2.Pyc.·922
B91
06pa30B8TeJlLHsg CHCTeM8 .mKOJI8 2100.
PEKOMEH,llOBAHO MHHHCTEPCTBOM QBPA3QBAHHH
I< HAYKI< POCCHRcKOR <l>E.lEPA1HH
Hay<IHblH pe,/UU:TOp - aK~eMI1K PAD A.A. JIeoHTbea
PYKOBO,ltHTeJIb ASTOPCKOro KOnJIeKTHS8 - AOu.eHT E.B. ByueeBa
ByneeB P. H ., BYHeeBaE. B.o KOMHccapoBaJI.IO., TeKyqes8 H. B.
B91 PyCCKHK HaWK. Y'IetiHHK AJUI 5-1'0 KJl8cca OCHOBHOH WKOJIhi. B 2 RH. KH. 1/
no,ll; Hay'!. peA. 8X8.,!I;. PAC A. A. JIeOHThes8. - 113.t. a-e, HCUp. - M. : Banacc,
2008. - 192 C., ".II. (06paaOSflTeJIbHas:CHCTeM8 .mKQJI8 2100., CeplfH .Cso6o,lt-
HhiA YM.).
ISBN 978-5-8:5939-661-0 (o(jUl..)
ISBN 978-5-85939-662-7 (tell. I)
Y'Ie6HHK npe,llU83S8'1CH AJlH Y'!SIltKXCJI 5-1'0 lUI. 06w.e06pa30B8'n!J1bHoA WKOJILI. Coar-
BeTCTSye-r qJeAepam.HOIq KO~"OHeHT)' rocYAAJlC'!'BeHHOro C'I1lHA8vr8 06w.ero 06pa30BIlBHH,
RBJlJleTCII DpOAOJDKeBHe/O! HenpepLlBHoro Kypca pyCCKOro Jl:3bUUl AJlH HfttUUU.uol!: IIlKOJihl H
COCTIlBHOJi: "I8CThlO f{ONDJleK1'8 OI5P&30B8T1'!JU.1I0A CIlCTeMbi .WIIOJIa 21()(h.
TIPOAOJI)f(8eT OCHOBHble JlIIHHIl pa3BIITJUl y'la~KXCll CpeACTUMK IIpe.!{MeTB .PYCCIIH!
fl3YII_: 4lopMHpofI8.HHe ¢lYHIIIl,.IIOH8JI'bHOii rp8MOTUOCTH, lIaBYKOB H YMeHHti pa3JIII'lHblX
BIIAOB ycTHOti H DHCbMeHHoA pe'lll, op¢iorpa¢lK'leeKoti II nYIIKryB.qKOIlHOA rp8MOTHOCTII,
coo6uteUKe H CKCTeNaTK3all,lIf1 311AHHA 0 M3YKe, pa3BKTlle 'I}'1JCTBa fl3b11U1.
Y.lIK 373.167.1:811.161.1
BBK 81.2.Pyc,·922
)l;aHHblii yqe6HHK B lI,eJlOM H BHK8K8S1 ero 'IBeTh He MOryT 6blTh
CKonHpoBBHbl 6e3 p83peweHHSf BJI8,.Il;eJIhll,a 8BTOPCKHX npall
ISBN 978·5·85939·661·0 (06",.)
ISBN 978·5·85939·662·7 (HH. 1)
C P.H.SYlIeeB, E.B.BYlleeBa, JIJO.KoMuccapoB8,
H.B.TeKY<feaa, 1999,2000,2005
to KOBlI,enll,lISI Y'le6HlIl(a - P.H.SYlleel'l, E.B.Syueeu,
1999.2000.2005
C 000 .SaMCC., 1999. 2000, 2005
D
Y CnOBHble 0603Ha'leHHR
BOnpOCld, KOTOplde nOMOraJOT nOHHTh TeMY,
C,1l;eJIRTb BldBO.n;.
::lTO HymHo 3aTIOMHHTb.
,I{onOJIHHTeJIhHlde CBe,lJ;eHHH 0 H3ldKe.
06paTH oc06oe BHHMRHHe!
MaTepHaJI ,1l;JIH HR6JIIO,1l;eHHH.
YnpamHeHH.R ,lJ;JIH pa3BHTHH YCTHOH peqH.
(Pp) YilpalKHeHH" lIJI" pa3BHTH" IIHChMeH-
HOH peqH.
YnpamHeHHH ,1l;JIH ,lJ;OMamHeH pa60TbI.
TeKCTld B3HTld H3 npOH3Be.n;eSHH, BKJIlOqeHHhlX B
yqe6HHK-xpeCTOMaTHIO no JIHTepaType .mar 3a ro-
PH30HT> (5·il: KJIacc).
3HaKH OKono enoB 0603Ha'iaIOT:
gCHblii
1
BldIIOJIHH qx,HeT1{tIecKHH pa360p CJIOBa.
BemIKO,lJ;ymHbI~ BbillOJIHH pa360p no COCT8.BY If CJIOBO-
06pa30BaTeJIbHhlH pa360p CJIOBa.
~e,llpOCTb3 BbIllOJIHH MOPCPOJIOrH'tJ:eCKlfH pa360p
(pa36epH CJIOBO KaK '!aCTh pe,!H).
A BOCTOR BCe
•ropHT, pa3rOpaeTCg,
,llOCTOgHUe*
BhlrrOJIHH cHHTaKCHlleCKHH pa360p
rrpe,lJ;JIOjl(eHHH.
3HalleHHe CJIOBa 06'bHCHHeTCH B TOJIKO-
BOM CJIOBape B KOHu;e yqe6HHKa.
3
4. C8emJloil naM..Jlmu uawezo YllUmeJlR
npocjJeccopa
M uxaU.Jla TpOcjJuJ<o8U~a BapaH08a
noc8J",{aeJ< .my pa6omy.
BBE.tEHHE. lbl H3Y'IaeWb PYCCKHH 1I3blK
1. npOYHTaH OTPblSOK 1013 KHHrH 11.B. YcneHCKoro «enOSO 0 cno-
sax». nonblTaHCSI npOAOn>KHTb Mblcnb aSTopa nocne MHOrOTO'"4HSI.
B HOMepe KaKOrO-TO mypHaJIa MBe norraJICH paCCKa3 Kyrr-
pHHa. Ha3bIBaJICH OB ~BeqepHHH 1'0CTb)).
HaCKOJIbKO SI rrOMHIO, paCCKaa Be rrpOH3BE:!JI HR MeHH 60JIb-
IDOI'O Bne'tJaTJIeHHH; Terrepb H ,o;ame He CKa.my BaM TOqHO, 0
qeM TaM 1'0BOPHJIOCb. Ho O,o;B8 MaJIeHbK8..R: c:u;eHKa H3 Hero Ha-
BCel',o;a BpeaaJIaCb MHe B naMSITb, XOTH B Te ,o;HH MHe 6b1JIO em;e
OqeHb HeMHOI'O JIeT - ,o;eCHTb HJIH ,o;BeHa,ll;:u;aTb, He 6oJIee.
l{TO MeHH B Heft nOpaaHJIO?
B KOMHaTe CH,lI;HT qeJIOBeK, a co ,o;Bopa K HeMY KTO-TO H,lI;eT,
KaKOM-TO • BeqepHHH 1'0CTb)). .
~ •••BOT cKpHIIHyJIa KaJIHTKa••• BOT np03ByqaJIM rnaI'M rro,o;
OKH8MH••• 51 CJIblIIIy, KaK OTKpbIBaeTCH ,o;Bepb, - IIHmeT Kyrr-
pHH. - Ceihlac OR Boii:.Jl;ih, H Mem.n;y RaMH npOHaoii,n;ih' caMas
06L1KHOBeRRas H caMas HenOBSTRaH Be~b B MHpe: Mid
RaqReM paarOBapHBaTL. rOCTb, H3,o;B.BaH aBYKH paaHOH BhIeo-
Thl H CHJIhI, 6y,n;eT Bhlpa.maTb CBOH MbICJIH, a H 6y,o;y CJIymaTb
3TH 3BYKOBlde KOJIe6aRHH Boa,n;yxa H pa3r8AIdBaTb, 'liTO OBH
3UaqaT... Hero MLICJIH CTaHYT MOHMH MldCJUIMH ••• 0, R3R Ta-
HHCTBeBBId, Raft CTpaBHhI, !taR HenOBHTHId ,ll;JIH Hac caMlde
npOCTlde mH3ReUHwe JlBJIeHHH!))
IIpoqHTB.B TOr,ll;a 3TH CTPOKH, Sl OCT8.HOBHJICSI B cMyrn;eHHH.
CHaqa.na MBe nOKa3aJIOCb, qTO aBTOp CMeeTCSI BaAo MHOH•••
• 4TO >Ke Ha3blBaeT AJ1. KynpHH «caMOH 06blKHoseHHOH 101 ca-
MOH HenOHSITHOH sew,bK> B MHpe»? • KaKYK> Mblcnb npOHl1l1K>CTPH-
posan Y'"4eHbIH-Sl3bIKoseA 11.B. YcneHCKHH C nOMOll..J.bK> OTpblSKa 1013
paCCKa3a KynpHHa? • KaK 6bl Tbl ccpopMynHposan TeMY Hawero
nepBoro ypOKa pYCCKoro S'l3bIKa? CAenaTb 3TO Te6e nOMO>KeT
TeKCT ynp. 2.
2. npO'"4HTaH OTPblSOK 1013 noseCTH 11.A. KaCCHIlSI «6YAbTe ro-
TOBbl, Bawe SbICO'"4eCTBO». 4TO Tbl MO>KeWb CKa3aTb 0 repoSlx?
• nonpo6YH npeAnOnO>KHTb, KaK 6YAYT pa3SHSaTbCS'I C06blTHSI B
nOBeCTH.
- Hy, - CK8aaJI Bo.maThlH* IOpa, rrpe,ll;CTaBHB rOCTSl pe6S1-
TaM B03JIe rraJIaTKH HOMep qeTblpe, - BOT BaM HOBeHbKHH. KTO
OH TaKOH, BbI Bce yme aBaeTe. Ha,n;eIOCb, C)l;pymHTeCb. H no-
meJI nOKa, a BbI TyT rrOKamHTe I'OCTIO Ham JIarepb.
X"Tep 6LIJI BOlKaThlH! 06"'HB"JI " ymeJI. )J;OTOJIKYHTeCL,
MOJI, caMHI
MHHYTbI TpH BepHblX ,lI;JIHJIOCh MOJPI8HHe. ,[(eBO~n(H YKpa,n;-
KOH nOrJISI,lI;blBaJIH Ha npHH:u;a. MaJlhllHmKH B yUop paCCMaT·
PHBaJIH el'O. A TOT CTOHJI, BblCOKOMepHO 3a,ll;paB rOJIOBY, HO
q aCTO nOMapl'HBaSl rrpHcrrym;eBHblMH BeKaMH.
HruwHeI TapaCKa pem"JICH.
- ExaH-6xaii! - rrPOH3HeC OH HeYBepeHHO.
OT rrpHH:u;a OTBeTa He rrOCJIe,ll;OBaJIO. Ho TYM8Ka OT HpocJIa-
Ba TapacKa nOJIyqHJI.
- I'yll lIeH, MaH q,peHII! ,lJ;y 10 CIT"K "HrJI"m? - CTapaTeJIL-
HO Bbll'OBOPHJI nHoHep*, XBaCTaBIDHH, 'liTO OH rOBopHT
nO-aHI'JIHHCKH.
- Hec, aH ,lI;y, - paBHo,n;ymHo H BSlJIO OTBeTHJI npHuD;.
5. TapaCKa pemHJI, 'tITO OH ,lI;OJImeH nOMO'tlb:
- IIapJI'; By <>paBe';?
- me napJIb, Me Tpe MaJIb. - IIPHHIJ, rJISlHYJI H3-no,o; nOJIy-
onym;eHHblX BeR Ha TapaCKY H OTBepHYJICSI.
- YJero, 'tIero OB CKa3aJI? - 3ameIITaJIH nHoHepbI .
- rOBOpHT, 'tITO rOBopHT, TOJIbKO, rOBopHT, IIJIOXO, - 1I0SlC-
HHJIa I03S1, KOTOPaSI ytIHJIa B mKOJIe <pP8HII;Y3CKHH Sl3b1K.
- HH'tIero ce6e nJIOxo, C XO,ll;Y pemeT, - 3aMeTHJI C yBame-
HHeM TapaCKa.
IIpHHIJ, B,lI;pyr BCKHHYJI rJIa3a H npOCHTeJlbHO 06BeJI HMH
pe6"T.
- A, y-3TO, no-pyccKy HeJIb3S1? - C Ha,ll;em.,lI;OH cnpOCHJI
OR. - .H IIOHHMalO BCe rOBopHTb IIO-PYCCKyl
CnepBa Bce 060MJIeJIH, a nOTOM TaKOH pa30M raJI,lI;em no-
meJI, ttTO XOTb H no-pyccKH roBOPHJIH, HO nOHSlTb, KTO npo 'tITO
TOJIKyeT, 6bIJIO HeB03MQ)KHO.
• KaKYtO Mblcnb aBTopa Tbl «npOYI-ITan Me>KAY CTPOK» B 3TOM
TeKcTe? KaK OHa CBSl3aHa C TeMoi1 YPOKa?
(Pp) 3. nOBTOpeHl-le npl-l3HaKOB TeKCTa • • n03HaKOMbCSI
C MaTepl-lanOM B paMKe. OH nOMO>KeT Te6e nOBTOpl-ITb npl-l-
3HaKI-I TeKCTa 1-1 Tl-lnbl peYI-I.
TeKCT - 3TO HeCKOJIbKO npe,ll;JIOmeHHH Ha onpe,ll;eJIeHHYIO
TeMY, CBSl3aHHbIX Mem,ll;Y C060H no CMbICJIY. B HeM pe8JIH3yeT-
CSI 3B.MblCeJI aBTopa - OCHOBHaSi MbICJIb. Ie TeKCTY MomHO IIO-
,lI;06paTb 3arOJIOBOK, KOTOPbIH IIepe,o;aeT ero TeMY HJIH OCHOB-
HYIO MbICJIb.
B TeKCTe BhI,o;eJISIeTCH HattaJIO (BcTynJIeHHe), OCHOBHaSl
Q8CTh H KOHIJ,OBKa (3aKJIIOQeHHe).
ECJIH B TeKCTe CO,ll;epmHTCSI C006m;eHHe 0 pa3BHTHH C06bI-
THH, TO T8KOH TeKCT H83b1BaeTCSI HOBeCTBOBaHHeM.
ECJIH B TeKCTe onHCblBaeTCH npe,ll;MeT lIJIH rrpe,ll;MeTbI B HX
OTHomeHHH ,lI;pyr K ,lI;pyry, TO TaKOH TeKCT H83bIB8eTCSI OHHca-
BHeM.
ECJIH B TeKCTe CO,ll;epmHTCSI CTporaSl nOCJIe,o;oBaTeJIbHOCTb
MbICJIeH, KOTopaH npHBO,ll;HT K BbIBO,ll;Y, TO TaKDH TeKCT H83bI-
B8eTCSI paccym.n;eHHeM .
IIoBeCTBOB8HHe, onHcaHHe, paccym,n;eHHe - :lTO THnbI pettH.
n"n.;.I• CocTaBb YCTHO He6011bwoi1 paccKa3nOBeCTBOBaHl-le) Ha 0AHY
1-13 npe,a,nO>KeHHbIX TeM:
1. nepBaSi BCTpeya C MOI-IM APyrOM.
2. KaK SI CTOI1KHYI1CSI C Heo6xOAI-IMOCTbtO 1-13yyaTb PYCCKI-li1 (I-IHO-
cTpaHHblH) Sl3blK.
3. BCTpeya C He3HaKOMbiM CI10BOM.
4. npOYI-ITaH TeKCTbl. 06paTI-I BHI-IMaHl-le Ha AaTbt Hanl-lCaHI-lSi Ka>K-
Aoro 1-13 HJ.1X.
PYCCKHH Sl3bIK
Bo ,lI;HH cOMHeHHii, BO ,lI;HH TSlrOCTHbIX pa3,l1;YMHH 0 cY,lI;b6ax
MoeH PO,ll;HHbI, - Tbl O,ll;HH MHe rrO,ll;,lI;epmK8 H OIlopa, 0 BeJIH-
KHH, Moryq1:lH, npaB,lI;HBbIH 1:1 CBo6o,ll;HhlH PYCCK1:IH H3bIK! He
6Y,ll;h Te6S1 - KaK He BnaCTb B OT'lIaHHHe npH BR,lI;e Bcero, 'liTO
COBepmaeTCH ,lI;OMa? Ho HeJIb3S! BepHTh, qT06bI TaROH Sl3bIK He
6bIJI liaR BeJIRKOMY Hapoilyl
(H.C. Typtel<eB, 1882 t.)
CJIOBO
MOJIttaT rp06HHIJ,b1, MYMHH H KOCTH, -
JIHIDb CJIOBY mH3Hb ,lI;8H8:
11:3 ApeBaeH TbMbI, aa MHPOBOM norOCTe*,
3ByqaT JIHillb IIHchMeH8.
Ii HeT Y Hac RHoro ,ll;OCTOHHbH*!
YMeHTe me 6epe'lb
XOTb B Mepy eRJI, B IIHR 3JIo6bI " cTPllllaRbH.
Hall lIap 6eecMepTRbIH - pe'lb.
(H.A Byl<uI<, 1915 2.)
6. ,) ,
MymecTBo
MbI 3HaeM, liTO RhIRe JIemHT Ha Becax
Ii liTO COBepmaeTCSI RhIRe.
'lJac Mym.eCTBa np06HJI aa HallHX qacax,
Ii MY)KeCTBO Hac He nORHHeT.
He CTpamHO DOA nYJISlMH MepTBbIMH JIell}"
He roPbKO OCT8.TbCSI 003 KpOBa, -
II M.hI coxpaHHM Te6.a:, pYCCK8a PH'1b,
BeJIHKOe PYCCKoe eJIOBO.
l ~.'
CBo60,lJ;HhIM H lIHCTbIM Te6S1 npOHeceM,
II BHYK8M ,u;a,n;HM, H OT TIJIeH8 cnaceM
HaBeKH!
(AA. AxMamoea, lj>eepaJtb 1942 •.)
• 3aMenm n~ Tbl, liTO Bee Tp'" np0J.13BeAeHI-iSi B "ieM-TO C03SY4-
bl APyr APyry? B '"IeM Io1MeHHO? nonblTailcSl 06bSlCHHTb • • npOi.iIo1-
ai:1 onpeAeneHHR, KOTopble HaXOASIT J..1.C. TypreHee, I-1.A. 6YHJ.1H
A.A. AXMaToea K cnoeaM PYCCKMH R3bIK, pyccKaR pe'l{b, pyc-
Ro e CJIOBO • • CpaBHIo1 HX. LiTO Tbl 3aMeTHn?
5. npOI..IJ.1TaH OTPblBOK 1013 KHHnt H.B. roroml «MepTBble AYWIo1».
CepAneBe,neHHeM Ii MYAPhlM n03HaHHeM JKRaHn oT30BeTc~
JIOBO 6pHTRHn;a; JIerKHM IJJ;erOJIeM 6JIeCHeT H paaJIeTHTC.f[2
[eAOJIroBeQHOe CJIOBO q,paHn;yaa; a8TeHJIHBO npH.ll;YMaeT CBoe,
le BCHKOMY ,zr;OCTYIIHoe, YMHO-Xy,zr;OIJJ;aBoe CJIOBO HeMen;; BO BeT
:JIOBa, KOTopoe 6hIJIO 6bI TaK aaMamHCTO, 60HKO, TaK BbIpBa-
lOCb 6bI Ha-no,zr; caMOro cep,zr;n;a, TaK 6hI KHneJIO H »CHBOTperre-
'MO, K8.K MeTKO CKa3aHHOe pYCCKoe CJIOBO.
• np04HTaH, KaKHe SlpKHe onpeAeneHHSI, 06pa3bl Hawen
'i.B. roronb, rOBOpSi 0 cBoeo6pa3HH aHrflHHCKOro, CPpaH4Y3CKO-
'0, HeMeLJ,KOro, pYCCKoro Sl3b1Ka.
~ 6. nOAroToBb yeTHblH OTBeT Ha Bonpoc, Hy>KHO m1 4enOBe-
, Ky H3Y"laTb eBoH POAHOH Sl3bIK. ,UnA nOATBep>KAeHHSI eSOHX
I MbleneH MO>KeWb Hcnonb30saTb LV1TaTbl 1013 TeKCTOB, npO"lHTaH-
HblX Ha ypOKe.
•
cnOBO B Sl3blKE H PE'4H
nOBTopeHHe H yrny6neHHe Kypca Ha'fanbHOH WKOnbl
t. CnOBO H ErO 3BYKOBAH 060nO'IKA
§ 1. 3BYKH A3b1Ka. rnaCHble H cornaCHble 3ByKH
7. 3aMeHH S enose [COH] nepsblH 3ByK, 3aTeM BTOPOH 3SyK,
3aTeM TpeTHH 3BYK. MeHSIeTeA nH CMblen enoBa?
8. Y6epH 1013 AaHHblX enos no OAHOMY 3SyKy. KaKHe enosa
nonY"'HnHeb? • nO"leMY H3MeHHnCR eMblen enos?
BCJIaCTb, ropCTb, IIOJIK, CKJIOH•
9. A06asb OAHH 3SYK K AaHHblM enoaaM. liTO npOH30wno C
neKCH4eeKHM 3Ha"leHHeM enos?
KJla.n, oca, pal<, yKyC, /lap, map.
• KaKOH SblSOA Tbl MO>KeWb CAenaTb noene SbinonHeHHSI yn-
pa>KHeHHH 7-9? • npo4HTaa:1 TeKeT S paMKe. nOKa>KH Ha "PH-
Mepax 1013 ynpa>KHeHHA, "'TO 3SyKH nOMOraK>T pa3nH"IaTb enosa.
7. i
I
3eyK"" B pe"'tJ1 n03BOnJnOT pa3nlo1'"1aTb CMblcn enOB. B Sl3bl,Ke 3SY-
KH coeAHHSHOTCSI 8 C....CTeMy, KOTOpyto Ha3blsatOT ct»oHeTHKoH.
Pa3.Aen Jl3blK03HaHHSI, KOTOPbli1 3aHHMaeTCSI H3y...eHHeM 3BYKOB
Sl3b1Ka, TO>Ke Ha3blSaeTCJI 4»oHeTHKOH (OT rpe4. cnosa
«q,OHe» - 3BYK).
10. npOH3Hec .... cnOBa. KaKlo1e rnaCHble 3eyK'" Tbl cnblWIooIWb
nOA YAapeHHeM 101 B 6e3YAapHoM nono>t<eHHH B KopHe cnoaa?
• 3anJ1wl1 TpaHCKpHnLJ,Hto rnaCHblX 3SYKOB 8 KopHe enosa.
Q6pa3eu 3an",": '[O]M - ,[alMa.
Ber - 6emaTb, 6e,lJ;HblH - 6e)J;HSlR, 6HHT - 6HHTOB8Th,
B8JIbe - BaJIbCHPOB8Th,
1Y6 - ly6L1.
BoceMb - BoebMH, ,lI;blM - ,lI;blMHTb,
•
TpaHcKpHn n;HSI
TPSHCKPH6HPOB8 Th
11. npO"tHTaH nOCnOBHLJ,bl 101 noroaopKH. • Ha~ cnoaa C MStrKHM
cornaCHblM 3aYKoM Ha KOHLJ,e. nOA6epH K HHM napy C TaepAblM
cornaCHblM . • 3anHwH cnoaa no 06pa3LJ,y,
Q6pa3eu 3amtCIo1: yronb - yron [n'-n].
BbIJIb - He CR8aKS: Ha Bee CJIOBO He BbIKHHeWb.
BeCh K8K eCTb, C HRtIHHKOH H nOTpOXaMH*.
EJIb pO.D;HT mHmKH.
KOHb 6emHT, aeMJlJI ,lI;pOmHT.
• HaHAH H Ha30SH cnosa, Ha"tHHalOL4HeCSl co 3BOHKHX cornaCHblX
3ByKOS, nOA6epH K 3THM 3BYKaM napHble rnyxHe.
12. npO"tHTa~ CTlo1xoTBopeHHe C.st MapwaKa. 0 KaKHX oco6eH-
"IOCTJlX rnaCHblX H cornaCHblX 3aYKoB OH nHweT? TonbKO 11101 0 cpo-
"IeTH"tecKoH Cy~HOCTH 3aYKoa 3AeCb HAeT pe"tb? 4TO 3Ha"tHT a
10HHMaHHH aaTopa «npoAblwaTb cTHxoTaopeHbe»? J..1MeeT 11101
:THxoTBOpeHJ.1e n03Ta STOPOH, rny6J.1HHblH cMblcn? nOcTapaHcSl
:>acKpblTb ero. KaKlo1e cnoaa HMetoT HHOCKa3aTenbHoe 3Ha"teHHe?
• BblnHWH cnoaa, Ha"tHHalO~HecSl co 3SOHKoro cornaCHoro 3syKa,
1oA6epH K HeMY napHblH rnyxoH . • KaKHe 3ayKH OKa3amfCb 6e3
1apbll
-
Q6pa3eu .an",": AblXaH"e [A] - [T].
,r(hIXaHHe cBo60,lJ;HO B Kam.n;OM rJI8CHOM,
B corJI8CHblX - npepblBaeTCH aa MHr.
Ii TQJIbKO TOT rapMOHHH AOCTHr,
KOMY qepe.n;OBaHbe ex nO,l1;BJIaCTHO.
3BYQaT B corJIaCHblX cepe6po H Melb.
A rJIaCHbIe ,o;8HbI Te6e ,lJ;JUI neRhH.
M C'lIaCTJIHB 6Y)l;b, KOJIb MOntemb Thl nponeTb
Hnb .n;ame npOAhImaTb CTHXOTBopeHbe.
13. PaccMoTpH Ta6nHLJ,Y. Ha KaKHe rpynnbl AemnCSt 3ayKH
St3b1Ka? • 3anonHH Ta6nHLJ,y npHMepaMH.
3eYKH A3blKa
rJI8CHbIe CorJI8CHble
Y,ll8pHble 6e3Y,llapHble rJIyxHe 3BOHKHe TBE!p,llble M.RI'KHe
• C onopoH Ha Ta6nHLJ,y COCTaSb YCTHblH paccKa3 0 3BYKax
fl3blKa.
14. npO"tHTaH TeKCT. 1-13 CK011bKHX "taCTeH OH COCTOHT? no-
CTaSb K Ka>KAO~ "taCTH sonpoc. 3anlo1WH aonpOCbl B Ka"teCTBe
nyHKToa nnaHa.
CJIOBO COCTOHT H3 3ByKOB. 3TH 3ByKH 06pa3yIOT ero 3BY-
KOByro o6oJlO'IKY.
3By-KH H3blKa ,lI;eJIHTCH HS l'Jl8CHbIe H COl'Jl8CHble.
rJIaCHble 3BYKH 6L1BaIOT YllapHLlMH H 6e3YlIspHLlMH. IIOII
YllspeHHeM B PYCCKOM H3L1Ke BCTpeqalOTCH rJIaCHLle: [a]. [0].
[Y]. [3]. [H]. [LI].
COl'JI8CHbIe 3BYKH XSpaKTepHaYlOTCH no TBeP,lI;OCTH-MSll'KO-
CTH H 3BOHKOCTH-l'JIYXOCTH. OHH MOl'YT 06p8aOBbIB8Tb naphI
8. no TBepllocTH-MRrKocTH: [6]-[6'], [B]- [B'], [r]-[r'], [11]- [11'],
[a]-[a'], [K]-[K'], [JI]-[JI'], [M]- [M'], [H]- [H'], [n]-[n'],
[p]-[p'], [c]-[c'], [T]-[T'], [1jJ]-[IjJ'], [xl-Ix']; no aBOHKOCTH-
rJIYXOCTH: [6]- [n], [6']- [n'], [B]-[IjJ], [B']- [IjJ'], [r]-[K],
[r']-[K'], [II]-[T], [II']-[T'], [a]- [c], [a']- [c'].
He o6paaylOT nap lID TBep,lI;OCTH-MSlI'KOCTH TBep,lI;hIe [m),
[m]. [11] H MRrKHe ['I'], [lI'], [H'].
He 06paaYIOT nap no 3BOHKOCTH-I'JIYXOCTH I'JIyxHe [x)- [x'),
[11], ['I'], [lI'] H aBOHKHe [JI]-[JI'], [M]- [M'], [H]-[H'], [p]- [p'],
[H'].
• LITO HOBoro Tbl Y3Han 0 3SYKax Sl3blKa, np0I.I~1TaS 3TOT TeKCT?
• nepeCKamM TeKCT no nnaHy.
15. npOI.IMTaJ:1 TeKeT. KaKoe OTKpblTMe S HaYKe 0
PYCCKOM Sl3blKe CAenan B.K . TpeAMaKoscKMI1?
HayqHoe HCCJIe,ll;OB8.HHe PYCCKOro npoH3Home-
HHSI HaqaJI n03T H yqeHhIH BaCHJIHH KHPHJIJIO-
BH'I TpellHaKOBCKHH (1703-1769). B 1748 roilY
OH H3,l1;aJI KHHry {( Pa3roBop poccHiicKoro qeJIOBe-
Ka c qymecTpaHu;eM• •• ». (ha KHHra, ,lI;OCTynHO
HaTIHCaHHaH B q)QpMe pa3roBopa pyccKoro qeJIO-
BeKR C HHOCTpaHIJ,eM, 6hIJIa paCCQHTaHa He aa
CneU;HaJIHCTOB, a Ha {(npOCTbIX JIIO,lI;eii ••
¢OHeTHqeCKHe Ha6JIIO,lI;eHHSI Tpe,ll;H8KOBCKoro 6hIJIH 6JIec-
THID;H no TOqHOCTH H npOHHIJ,8.TeJIbHOCTH . ¥qeHhIH BIIepBhIe
,z:r;aeT HayqHylO KJIaCCH<pHKau;HIO 3BYKOB, ,lI;eJIHT HX aa rJIaCHhIe
H COrJIaCHhIe, a corJIaCHhIe - Ha TpH rpyrrIIhI: MHrKHe, TBep,ll;hIe
If Cpe,lJ;HHe. OB HaCTOiiqHBO pa3rpa HHqHBaeT 6YKBY Ii 3BYK
({(3BOH») Ii yrrpeKaeT cTapylO rpaMMaTHKY B TOM, qTO OHa «Ha-
6JIIO,lI;aeT TOKMO 6YKBhI, a He 3BOHhI, Ha6JIIO,lI;aeT OHa TOKMO
TeHb, a ,z:r;o Bem;H eii ,n;eJI8 aeT!". HacKoJIbKO TPY,AHO 3TO 6b1JIO
B TO BpeMH, rOBopHT XOTH 6hI TO, 'tJTO B KOHIJ,e XIX BeKa MHO-
rHe mKOJIbHhIe yqe6HHKH rpaMMaTHKH Ii ,lI;ame HaytIHhIe Tpy-
,lJ;hI He IIO,lJ;HHJIHCb ,n;o Toro ypOBHH, Ha KOTOPOM CTOHJI
B.K. TpellHaKOBCKHH B cepellHHe XVIII BeKa.
(IIo M .B. IIaltoBY)
-
16. npO"'tHTai1 CTHxoTBOpeHl1e A.A. <l>era. BCnOMHH, LiTO ra-
t(oe T04Hble pHcpMbl. KaKJ.1e pHcpMbl B CTHXOTBOpeHIo1H SlBIlHtOT-
CSI TOI.IHbIMH? • AOKa>KJ.1, "'4TO pHcpMa SHCRT - HapSIA HBnSlercS!
TO"tHOa1 • • HaHAH B reKcre cnosa B nepeHOCHOM 3Ha'-teHI-1H.
IIe'tlaJIbHaH 6epeaa
Y Moero OKHa,
II npHXOTb!O* Mopoaa
Paay6paHa OHa.
RaK rpOa,ll;bH BHHorpa.n;a,
BeTBeH KOHD;b1 BReST, -
iii p8,l1;OCTeH )1;JUI BarJUI.n;a
BeCb TpaypHhIiP aapH,lJ;.
JII06JIIO Hrpy .n;eHHHIJ,bI*
.H. 38.MeQaTh Ha HeM,
II .maJIb MHe, eCJIH IITHD;bl3
CTPRXHYT Kpacy BeTBeH.
• BblmtWH HMeHa cyw,ecTBHTenbHble. 0603Ha4b B HHX opcpo-
rpaMMy-6e3YAapHYto rnaCHYto 8 KopHe cnoaa, nposepSieMYto
YAapeHHeM • • HanHWH rpaHcKpHnu,HtO 6e3YAapHbiX rnaCHblX 3Sy-
KOD B KopHe 3THX enOB HaA 6YKsaMJ.1, I-tX 0603Ha4atoUJ,HMJ.1 .
K JIlO'IeBhIe CJIOBa TeMhl:
B3bIK
3BYKH
rJI8CHhIe
COrJIaCHbJe
CMblCJI
TpaHCKpHnu,lHI
§ 2. 3BYK H 6YKBa. ABoHHali ponb 6YKB e, e, to, •
17. npOI.IHTaJ:1 cnosa .
BoahI, Boa, B03HTb.
,D;BOP, ,lI;BOphI. Hoc, ROChl.
JIe6ellb, JIe6ellKa, JIe6ellymKa.
• KaKHe 3ayKH 0603Hal.latOT Ha nHCbMe 6YKSbi 3, 0, A?
3anHwH 3TH 3SyKH a TpaHCKpJ.1nu,J.1M • • BcerAa nM 6YKsa
0603Ha"taeT OAJ.1H J.1 TOT me 3aYK?
9. 18. npOliHTaH cnOBa.
ITJIhITL, CHHb, COJIb, BCT8Bh, 6pOCb.
~ 0603HaLfaer nJ-l 3BYK 6YKBa ..? KaKoH cornacHblH 3BYK 060-
3Ha"taer 6YKBa, CTOSl~aSl nepeA HHM? 3anHwH era 8 TpaHCKp",nUJo1H.
AnSI '"Iero cny>KHT II» B AaHHblX cnYLiaSlX?
19. np04HTa~ cnOBa.
C'beJI, MypaBLH, no,rt"bex8.JI, IIbeC8, OT'be3,rt.
• 0603Hal.falOT nH 6YKBbi b H ... 3ByKH Ha nHcbMe? AnSI I.fero
cnY>KaT b H ... B AaHHblX cnY4aSlx?
20. np04HTaH CJlOBa.
B eJlbI'H , 6IOP O, BSlJIhlH , BbIOH, B'be3,ll; , eprn , eJIb , eM , Me,rt ,
MSlTL, HeC, Mepa, JI1060Bb, aaex aTb, IIOIOT, 0 6 'bSlBJIeHHSI, HA,
IOMOp.
• B neBblH cTon6HK BblnHWH cnOBa, B KOTOPblX 6YKBbi e, e, 10, ,.
0603Ha4alOT ABa 3syKa, 8 npaBblH - CJlOBa, B KOTOPblX 3TH 6YKBbi
0603Ha4alOT OAHH 3BYK. • CcpOPMYJlHPYH BbIBOA.
BYKBbl e, e, 10, .H B H8q8JIe eJIQsa, nOCJIe rJI8CHOH Ii OOCJIe
pa3.ZJ;eJIHTeJIbHblX 'L II h 0603HaQruoT no ,lJ;B8 3BYJ(a [ ft' a] , [ft'o],
[H'Y], [H'8].
BYKBbl e, e, 10, H nOCJIe COrJIaCHOH 0603HaQaroT OJJ;HH rJI8C-
HhIH 3BYK [a], [0], [Y], [a] H M"rKOCT" Dpe,llhI~ero COrJI8C-
Boro.
21. OnpeAeJlIo1 Konlo14eCTBO 3BYKOS 101 6YKB B cnoaax: ceMbH,
ceMH, C"beJI, ceJI, HMa, npHMo, nOJIblO, npOnOJIIO, T~H, lllbeT.
I
22. Te6e npeACTOHT np04101TaTb TeKCT 0 6YKsax pyccKoro
Sl3b1Ka. 0 4eM, nO-TBoeMY, B HeM 6YAeT rOBopHTbCSI? • nOCIle
4TeHHR conOCTaSb caOH npeAnOIlO>KeHHR C cOAep>t<aHHeM TeK-
CTa • • AononHIo1 TeKCT caOHMH nplo1MepaMH• • 03arnaBb H nepe-
CKa>K101 TeKCT.
-
BYKBhl CJIy.m8T ,lJ;JIJI 0603HaQeHHH 3BYKOB pelJH aa I1HCbMe.
Pa3,lJ;eJI HayKH 0 H3b1Re, B KOTOPOM H3YQaeTCSl 0603HaQe_
BHe 3SYKOB U8 IlHCbMe, H83h1SaeTCH rpacIJHKoii (OT zpell.
.rpa<!>o. - DHDIY). -
BYRBhI B PYCCKOM Sl3bUte MoryT 0603HaQaTb JIH60 O,ll;HH
3syK, JIH60 HeCKOJIbKO. HarrpHMep, 6YKS8 6 MomeT 0603H8-
'laTh 3BYKH [6], [6'], [D], [D']: 6awHR [6], 6eper [6'], cyrp06 [n],
rony6b [n']. BYRBbl e, e, 10, JI MoryT 0603aallaTb JIH60 OAHB,
JIH60 ,lIBa 3BYKa: MeJI" [a]. eJIb [H'a]. BYKBhI ... H h He 0603H8-
lIaIOT 3BYROB aa nHCbMe.
BYRBhI, pacnOJIOmeHHhIe B onpeAeJIeHHOH nOCJIeAOBaTeJIb-
HOCTH, COCT8BJISIIOT aJItIlaBHT, HJIH aa6YRY. B PYCCKOM 8.JI<I>a-
BHTe 33 6YKBhI: 10 6YKB - ,lIJI" 0603Ha'leHHH rJIaCHhIX 3BYKOB,
21 6YKBa - ,ll;JlSl 0603HalleHHSI COrJIaCHhIX 3BYKOB, L H 'L 3By-KOB
He 060aHallalOT.
A B B r ~ E ~ jK 3 If ~ K
a 6. •• 1'3 A' e e >K3 3' K H Kp8TKoe K8
JI M H 0 II P C T Y <l> X ~ 'I
aJIL ,M '8 0 n. .p 3C T, Y :><> xa U' qe
ill III; ... hI b 3 10 H
IDa IU" TBepALlH bI MHrKHii:
• IO H
3H8K 3HaJ<
23. np04HTaH 101 nepeCKa>K101 TeKCT. HaHAIo1 101 np04101TaH npeArle-
>KeHlo1e, 8blpa>KalO~ee rnaBHYIO Mblcnb TeKCTa.
OT AOCKH AO AOCKH
3T0 BhIpruKeBHe CBH38.H0 C KHHroA. Y CT8pbIX KHHr t nepe-
IIJIeThI 6hIJIH MaCCHBHhIe. Hx AeJI8.JIH H3 n;eJIoro KYCK8 ,I1;epeBa
H 06TSlrHB8JIH KomeH. KHHrH HMeJIH 60JIbmyIO IeHBocTh,
IIOCJIe lITeHH.f.[ HX 3RnHpaJIH H a a8cTemKH.
IIpollHTaTb BCro K B Ury OT H8lIaJI8 .0;0 K OHn;a - 3HallHT npo-
lIHT8Th OT ,I1;OCKH ,11;0 ,I1;OCKH; OT KOPKH AO KOpKH.
(B.B. BOAuI<a)
• Ha~ 80 2-M a63au,e Io1MeHa cy~ecTBIo1TeJlbHble; nOCTaBb HX B
q,OpMY f.1.n. eA. 4. 101 3anlo1W~ s. an;>aBIo1THOM nopSiAKe.
.. I i ,:::::VL_;C:
10. 24. npOl.iI,nai:1 npeAllO>KeHHSI, HaHAH H Bbrnl-tWJ1 cnoaa c 6YKBa~
10101 It J.1 .... OnpeAenH, Atul '"Iera Hcnollb3YlOTCSI .. J.1 ... B cnoaax.
, 0603Ha"ib opq:,orpaMMbl: pa3AellHTel1bHbie It H 'II, ynoTpe6ne-
tHe It AllJl 0603Ha""leHHJI MJlrKOCTI1 cornaCHblX.
1. y JIYKOMOPhSl ~y6 aeJIeHhlH, 3JI8TaH n;enb l aa ~6e TOM.
2. OnacHO pa3'bea,mSTb no CBeTY•••
3. II TpHIIlaTlo BHTJl3en rrpeKpacHhlx "pelion H3 BOil BhlXO-
VIT HCHbIX, H C HHMH ,AH,zr;bK8 HX MOpCKOH.
4. CqaCTJIHBhIM nOJlb3YSlCb MrHOBeHbeM, K 06'bHTOH rOJIOBe
!M)1IIl;eHbeM, K8..K JIcTpe6, 60raThIpb JIeTHT.
5. C BOCTORa JTheTCSI HQ't{H TeHh' •• •
(A.e. IIywICuliJ
25. np041HaH npo ce6S1, a 3aTeM Benyx eTHxoTsopeHHe
~.A. npOKocpbesa. C nOMOwptO KaKHX 3BYKOS nOll e03AaeT sne-
jaTneHHe nepeKaTblBatOw,HXCft BonH? • Bbl6epH H BblnHWH B ABa
:Ton6HKa cnOBa: 1) C 6YKBaMH e, e, 10, ., 0603Ha'iatow,HMH OAHH
lByK; 2) C 3THMH me 6YKsaMH, 0603Ha'iatow,HMH ABa 3ByKa. Pac-
lonaraH cnOBa B ancpasHTHoM nopSiAKe.
BOJIHa, BOHHa - Bce 3BYKH BJUUKHbl,
,D;a H CJIHJmCh B OAHH pa3Max.
.H npoH3Hec ceHlIac HX ABam,o;LI
II OIIYTHJI HX Ha ry6axI
.H npoH3Hec HX CHOBa. BCKope
Ko MHe npHIDJlH H3,o;MeRa
BOJIHeRhe peR, ,lJ;LIXaHhe MOPH
If KOJIOKOJIhllHK pyqeHR8.
IIOBCIOA)' BOJIHLI, BOJIHbI, BOJIHLI,
BeJIHROH DJIarH BellRLIH nyTh.
TaKOB "3hIKI
Ii TpeneT nOJIHLIH
MOIO OXBaThIBReT rpYllb 'l
-
26. npO"iHTai:1 H nepeCKa>KJ.1 TeKel. HaHAH npE!Al10>KeHHe, Bbt-
pa>KatOU4ee rnasHYto MblCIlb TeKeTa.
KpacH8S1 CTpOK8
KHHI'H aa PYCH Haq JIB neqaTaTb aeMHOI'HM 60JIee qeThI-
pex B_KOB' Haa8.,ll;, a 11.0 3Toro HX rrepenHCblBaJIH
2 OT pyKH.
CaSQaJI8 TeKCT II_caneH CnJIOIDh ' , He pa3,o;_JIHJICH Ha
CJI_Ba H rrpe,a;JIOmeHHSI. Hal.l8JIo n_BecTBoBaHHSI JI_TOnHCe~
OTKPhIB8JI 6_JI_IDOH KpacHoH, 3aMhICJIOBaTO pa3pHcoBaHHoH
6YKBOH, KOTopaSi BhInHChIB8JIaCh C He6_JI_IDHM oTcTynoM OT
JIeBOrO KpaSi CTP_HHlJ,hI. TaKHe 6YKBhI HHor,o;a H Teneph BbI
BH,lLTe B RHHrax. KpacHaH 6YKBa H A_JIa .>KH3H_ Bblpame-
HHIO • UHcaTh C KpacHoH CTP_KH *.
(BB. BOAuliaJ
• CnHwH, BCTaSnSlft nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl. • 0603Ha'ib opcpo-
rpaMMbl Ha MecTe nponYCKOB. • Bo 2-M npeAllo>t<eHHH BblAenH rpaM-
MaTH'ieCKYtO oCHoay, rpacpHl.jecKH 06bftCHH nOCTaHOSKY 3anSlTb1X.
3BYK
3SYKonHCb
Kmoq eBble CJlOBa TeMLI:
0603H8l.JeHHe
6YKB8
§ 3. 3BYK H cnor
rpa<l""'·
8JI(PRBHT
27. np0l.jHTaH TeKeT. KaK Tbl AYMaewb, 3a'ieM Hy>KHO YMeTb
AenHTb cnosa Ha cnorH 8 YCTHOH H nHCbMeHHOH pe'tH?
TLI nepenJILIJI pellKy, a TBOH TosapHm; OCTMeH Ha TOM
6epery. Thl KpH'IHmb eMY: .IIe-TJlI IIJIhI-BH eIO-lIa!.
fuR ThI 3BOHHIDb no TeJIe<PoHY H, lIT06hI JIytlme paCCJIhlill8-
JlH TBOIO cpaMHJlHlO, Me,lJ;JleHHO H rpOMKO AHRTyemh: .nY-3hI-
peB••
B 060HX CJIyqaHx ThI pa3,o;eJIHJl CJIOB8 Ha CJIOrH. B 06hNHOH
Hameii pellH CJIOI'H TeCHO CuenJIeHhI APyr C ,1J;pyroM, HO BOT
D03HHKaeT He06xo,o;HMOCTh npoH3HecTH CJIOBO HJIH HecKOJIhKO
CJIOB rpOMKO H OTlIeTJIHBO, H Tor,o;a C~enJleHHe OCJIa6eBaeT,
CJIOBO pacnfl,ll;aeTCH Ha CJIOrH, pa3AeJIeHHble naY38MH.
(H3 «ih-lquKJl.oneoultecKo2o CJl.08apH IOHOZO r/JUJI,oJl,oza»
•
3BOHHTb
•
3BOHHT
•
3BOHHT
11. • HaHp,101 S TeKCTe cnosa C Halo1MeHbWIo1M 101 Halo160nbWIo1M KOnW.te-
CTSOM cnoros. Bblnlo1WIo1 Io1X, pa3Aemifi Ha cnorlo1.
28. npOl.llo1TaH 101 nepeCKa>K101 TeKCT, ccpopMynlo1pYH YCTHO Hnlo1
nlo1CbMeHHO ero rnasHYtO Mblcnb.
B ipeBHocTH nHCMH Ha nanHpyce. IIanHpyc pacTeT no 6e.
perllM peR H Ha OoJIOTax, HM BOIIOH nOiHHM8RlTCH H3HIIHhIe*
TpeXI'paHHhIe cTe6JIH TOJI~HHOH B PYltY H BhICOTOH ,lI;0 TpeX
MeTpOB. H8 BepxymKe cTe6JUI rryqOK ,lI;JIHHHhIX H TOHKHX KO-
JIOCbeB, HsnOMHH81OlIl;HX napHK*, H BCe paCTeHHe KameTCH
rpao;H03HbIM* H CTPOHHhIM C03,l1;8HHeM, 3~YM'IHBO nOK8l1RBa-
lO~HM I'OJIOBOH.
(A.Il. Ka:JICaan)
• Bblnlo1WIo1 sblAeneHHble Io1MeHa CYU4eCTslo1TenbHble S Ha"ianbHOH
cpopMe, 1013MeHIo1 Io1X no naAe>KaM, nOCTaSb YAapeHlo1e . KaK 1013Me-
Hlo1nOCb MeCTO YAapeHIo1f1? • CAenaH SbtSOA.
29. npOl.llo1TaH Yl.le6Ho-HaY"iHbIH TeKCT B paMKe• • 03arnasb
ero . J.13 CKonbKIo1X "iaeTeH OH COCTOIo1T? nOcTasb Bonpoc K Ka>K-
AOH l.IaCTIo1. 3anlo1wIo1 sonpoebl. ,QononHIo1 TeKCT CSOIo1MIo1 nplo1Me-
paMIo1 • • nepeCKa>K101 TeKCT, Io1cnonb3YfI sonpocbl.
CJIOBa ,lI;eJISlTCSI Ha CJlOrH.
enor MO}KeT COCTOSlTb 113 Q,ZI;Horo 3BYKa, H3 ,lI;ByX H 60nee.
B COCT8B CJIora B PYCCKOM H3hIKe 06R38TeJIbHO BXO,ll;HT I'JIac-
HhIH 3Byt(.
CJIoru 6hIB8RlT YilapHh,e H 6e3YllapHhIe.
Y,z:t;apeHHe - 3TO npOH3HomeHHe 0ABoro H3 CJIOI'OB C 60JIb-
meH CHJIOH. Y,n;apeHHe B PYCCKOM R3hIKe MO)KeT nMaTb Ba
JI1060H cJIor, OHO MomeT nepeMew;aTbcH C o,n;Horo Ha ,n;pyrOH
Cnor npH H3MeaeHHH CJIOBa.
30. npeAllO>KeHHble nepeHocbl cnos Henpaslo1nbHbt. ,QoKa>K101
3TO, Io1cnonb3Y" npaslo1na nepeHoca cnos.
'/ / I ~"= I~-. t 18 ...J 6~JIbIII!iS! I~ " 60JIbmasr .
~
C-6emaTh, MHOrOJI-HKHH, 6e3,n;-oMHhIH, C-'LeX8Tb,
BAP-yr, CTP8HH-bIH, C6-pOCHTb.
IIpaBHJIa nepeHoca CJIOB
1. ECJIR OCHOBa CJIOB8 COCTOHT He TOJIbKO 113 KopeH, Ta-
KHe CJIOBS Hy.mHO nepeHOCHTb, He pa36HB8H 'tI8CTH CJlOB8.
IIpd·~-rca, 6iei:U-JluBb/U.
3TO npaBHJIO He OTBOCHTCH K CJIOB8M, Y KOTOPblX KopeRh
Ha'!HHaeTCS! C 6YKBbl hi. PO-3bLZPbLLU (HeJIb3S! P03-bLZpbLLU).
2. ECJIH CJIOBO COCTOHT 113 KOpHR H OKOlN8HHR, ero HymHO
nepeHOCHTb no CJIOraM. Be-pe-3a. IIpH CTeqeHHH COrJI8CHhIX
MO)KeT 6blTb HeCKOJIhKO B8PH8HTOB nepeBOC8. Ce-cmpa,
eee-mpa, eeem-pa.
3. C 6YKB L, "L, ii He MO)KeT HaQHH8TbCSI ROBaR CTpOK8•
K01-Lb-KU. om'O-e3a, Mau-1Ca.
4. HeJlb3S1 OCT8BJUITb Ha cTpoKe HJIH nepeBocHTb o,n;ay
6YKBY. A1<mU6-nO, ap-MUJl (HeJIb3H a-1<mU6nO, apMU-Jl).
5. .lBe OIlHHaKOBhIe 6YKBhI pa36HBalOTcSI nepeHOCOM.
Mac-ca, 8aH.-HaR. 9TO np8BHJIO He OTHOCHTCSI K H8l18.JIbHblM
ABOHHhIM COrJIaCRblM KOpHR. Cco-pa, nO-CCOpUJl.UCb (aeJIb3R
e-copa, nOC-COpUJlUCb).
nOAYMaH, "ieM OTnlo11.1atOTCfI APyr OT APyra 3aKOHbi fl3btKa 101
npaslo1na nlo1CbMa.
r)O"ieMY He06xOAIo1MO 3HaTb npaslo1na nepeHoca enos?
31. npOl.llo1TaH 101 nepeCKa>K101 TeKCT. LITO 3TO, nO-TsoeMY: onH-
eaHlo1e Io1nlo1 noseCTsosaHlo1e? • KaKlo1e eU4e nlo1Cl.llo1e MaTeplo1anbl
Io1Cn0I1b30sanlo1Cb S ApesHOCTIo1?
IIHCQHM M8TepH8JIOM, ynoTpe6JlHBmHMCSI B ,n;peBHOCTH,
6hIJI8 Koma.
MbI He 3HaeM, Kor,ll;a HMeHHO H3 KO.mH CT8JIH H3rOTOBJISITb
nepraMea*. COXP8HHJIOCh npe,n;8HHe, 'IlTO ero HayqHJIHCb .u;e-
JI8Th B M8JI083HHCKOM ropo,n;e IIepr8..Me.
Ha PYCR HanHC8HHble a8 nepr8MeHe rp8MOThl B83hIB8JIHCh
Hepe,n;KO • KO)K8MH. lInH • TenHTHHaMH ••
19
12. • Bblm1wI1 CHa"iana ABycnO>KHble cnosa C YAapeHHeM Ha nepSOM
:nore, a 3aTeM C YAapeHHeM Ha BTOPOM cnore. • BblnHWH cnosa
: 60nbWJ.1M K01U1'"1eCTBOM enorOB, pa3Aemt HX Ha C110nt H AJlSl
1epeHoca.
IIop,liJoIC tjJonemu'tecICozo pa3(iopa
1. PS3..n;eJIHTb CJIOBO aa eJIOl'lI.
2. 3anHc8Th CJI0BO B TPaHCKPHUD;HH, nOCTaBHTb y,.n:apeHHe.
3. OxapaKTepH30BaTh 3BYKH no nopHIlKY. .D:JIH rJIaCHblX
VK8aaTb, Y,z:{apHhle 3BYKH HJIH 6eay,n;apHhIe, K8.KHMH 6YXBB.MH
)603HaQeHhI. ,ll;JISI COI'JIaCHhlX YK8a8Tb, 3BOHKHe BJIH r.nyxHe
:napHhle HJIH HenapHhIe), TBep,n;hIe HJIH MHI'Kue (rrapHhIe HJIH
:lenapHhIe); KaKHMH 6YKBaMH 0603HaQeHhl.
~
4. YKa3aTb KOJIH'IeCTBO 3BYKOB H 6YKB.
06pa3el{ tjJonemu'tecICozo pa360pa
Mapo3, MO-p03, 2 eJIOl'a.
[Mapac]
M - [M] - COI'JIaCHhIH, 3BOHKHH, HenapHbIHj TBep~blH, napHhIHj
o - [a] - rJIacHhIii, 6eaYiapHblii;
p - [p] - COI'JI8CBhIH, 3BOHKHH, HenapHLdij TBep,lJ;hIH, napHhIii;
0- [0] - I'JIaCBbIH, y.o;apHhIH;
3 - [el - COrJIaCHhIH, rJIYXOH, napBLIH; TBep)l;hIH, napHhIH.
5 6YKB, 5 3BYKOB
E~ npOYHTaH orpblBoK 1013 CTHXOTBOpeHHJI M.te. I1epMoH-
Tosa. KaKHe 3BYKH nOMOratoT 3pHMO npeAcraBHTb KapTHHY,
HapHcoBaHHYto TBOpyeCKHM Boo6pa>KeHHeM n03Ta?
PyCaJIK8 n JIblJIa no p_Ke r _JIy6oii,
0 3apHeMa nOJIHOH JIYHOH;
H CTapaJIaCb aHa ,n;onJI_ CHYTb ,n;o JIYUhIJ
Cep_6pHCTYIO' neay' B_JIHbI.
• CnHWH, SCTaSnJlJl nponYU4eHHble 6YKBbl, nOAyepKHH H3yyeH-
Ible opcporpaMMbl • • BblnHWH HMeHa npHnaraTenbHble, pa3AenH
IX Ha cnorH.
KJlIOQeBLle CJlOBS TeMbl:
aBYK YllapeHne
CJ10r npaBl1n8 nepeHoca cnOB
-
§ 4. OpcjlorpBMMB. Ono3HBBBTem.HbIH npH3HBK
opcjlorpBMMbl. YcnoBHSI Bbl60pa opcjlorpBMMbl
33. npOYHTaii TeKCT. KaK Tbl AYMaewb, nOyeMY I1l<1d~HOK no
np03BHU4Y .ntOABHr YeTblpH~Tblii He nOHJlI1 C80ero CTapwe-
ro 6paTa? YeMY npHAthcSI YYHTb I1tOASHra?
JIHcHTa BblUIMblrHYJIH H3 HOpbl.
- BOT aTO rpHo, - 3aSlBHJI JIa6aR, nOKa3blBaa JIanKOR aa
60JIbUIYIO KpacHByro IIIJIHnKY.
- I]lHnn? MeHH He 06MaHeIIIb, - paCCMeHJICH JIIOIIBHr 'Ie-
ThlpH8.A~aTblH. - Tbt XOqemh CKa3aTb, qTO ecJIH ee C'beCTb, 3TY
lliJIHnKY1 TO Momao 3a6oJIeTb?.
- Tbl rJIynee, qeM H ,lIYMaJI, - npepBaJI era JIa68.H. - .H He
HMeJI B BH,n;y HHKaKOH 60JIe3HH. :3TO rpHO. He rpHnn, a rpHo,
nOHHMaemb? ~a, MHorOMY Te6H npH,n;eTcH yqHTL.
(IIo Hny 31CXOJtbMY «Tymma KapJtccon, IIep6aJl
u eouncmeennast. JlIooeuz l1emblpnaOl4-amblU u opyzue»)
1. ECTb 11101 B BblAel1eHHblX CI10Bax 6YKBbl, He COBnolAatOU4He co .fjJ
3sYKaMH?
2. HY>KHO 11101 3HaTb KaKHe-I1H60 opcporpacpHyeCKHe npaBHl1a,
YT06bl He OWH6HTbCSI B HanHcaHHH 3THX 6YKS?
3. KaK Ha3blBaeTCSI HanHcaHHe, A11J1 060eHosaHHJI 8bl6opa KOToporo
HY>KHO npHMeHHTb opcporpacpHyeeKOe npasHl1o?
4. Ha30BH opcporpaMMy-eornaeHYto 6YKSY S SblAeneHHblX el1OBax.
BcnOMHH COOTBeTeTsytoU4ee opcporpacpHyeCKOe npaSHno. KaKaJl
eU4e opcporpaMMa-corl1aeHaJi eeTb B OAHOM 1013 BblAel1eHHblX enos?
KaK OHa Ha3blSaeTeJl?
S. BblnHWH SblAeneHHble enosa, nOA6epH K HHM npOaepOYHble.
0603HaYb opcporpaMMbl.
6. 3aKOHYH npeAl10>KeHHe: OpcporpaMMa - 3TO HanHcaHHe, AflJI
06ocHoBaHHJI sbl60pa KOToporo He06xoAHMO •.. HanpHMep •.•
Op<jlOrpaMMa - .TO HarrHcaHHe (6YKBa, np06eJI H liP·)·
l..{To6bI Bbl6paTh np8BHJI.bHOe HanHC8.HHe, Heo6xo,n;HMO npHMe-
HRTb oPcPorpacpHQeCKOe npaBHJIO. nQn~, cag, YCIHblii, n0A.-ro-
po•.
13. OPlPOrPaMMhI B CJIOBaX II Mem;:J;Y CJIOBaMli MOJKHO HaHTH no
OC06blM npHMeT8M - on0 3Ha BaTeJIhHblM npH3H8X8 M . Hanpa-
Mep, op<lorpaMMY- rJIaCHYIO 6YKBY MomHo HaliTH no 6eaYl1ap-
HOMY nOJIOmeHlUO I'JI8CHOrO 3ByKa B CJIOBe (n~n~), a optPorpaM-
MY-COI'JI8CHYIO 6YKBY Momao HaHTH Ha KOHU;e CJIOB8 (caA) HJlll
B CTeqeHHH COrJI8CHbIX (yctHbIH).
34. np0J.13HeCJ.1 Bcnyx AaHHbie cnOBa. Ha30BH cnOBa, B KOTOPblX
Her op<po rpaMM . • Ha30BH cnoaa C opcporpaMMoi1-cornaCHOH
6YKB0i1o 4ro n OMorno re6e B 3TOM n OHCKe ? • KaK np0J.13HOCSlTCSI
3BOHKHe cornaCHble layK'" Ha KOHLI,e cnoaa J.1 nepeA rnyXJ.1MJ.1 co-
rnacHblMH? A rnyxHe cornaCHble - nepeA 3BOHKHMH? 3anHWH 3TH
3SyKJo1 PSlAOM co cnOBaMH, B KOTOPblX eCTb opcporpaMMa.
Q6pa3eu 3an"C": cyrpoQ[n], HOl!lKa [w].
,Z:tblM, CTOJI6, rpOM, JIeB, MeA, rryx, JIyr, MOP03, Kopo6K8,
JI8BK8, 3ara,n;K8, HorTH, KOCb68, MOJIOTh6a.
• KaKHe cornaCHble 3SyKH Tbl 3anHcal1? KaKHX napHblx no rnyxo-
CTH-3S0HKOCTH cornaCHblX HeT cpeAH HHX? nOA6epH H 3anHWH caOH
npHMep c 3THMH 3sYKaMH.
35. np04HTaH CTHxoTsopeHHe-wYTKY 6.B. 3axoAepa. ~cnpasb
nYHKTya4HOHHble oWH6KH, paccTasb 3anfiTbie KapaHAaWOM S Y4e6-
HHKe . • HaHAH H BblnHWH Cl10sa C opcporpaMMoH- nposepfieMoH
corl1acHoH 6YKS0i:1 a KopHe Cl1osa. 0603Ha4b on03HasaTe11bHbie
npH3HaKH, KOTopble nOMOratOT Te6e Hai:tTH 3Ty opcporpaMMY, ra-
110"lKOH (V ) caepxy. • nOA6epH npOSepO"lHble Cl10sa K AaHHbIM.
KaKHe cnoco6bl nposepKH Tbl Hcnol1b30sal1? • 0603Ha"lb opcpo-
rpaMMy. ~
Q6pa3eu. 3an"C": IiPYt- APyq~·
rAe 110 CTaBHTb 38 U STYlO?
OqeH b-Oq eHb
CTpaHHblli BHI1:
Pe'lKa 38 ORHOM )
rOpHT~
qeii-TO AOM) XBOCTOM BHJISleT,
IIecHK
Ifa pymhH CTpeJIHeT,..
M 8JIb q HK
q yrb He CJIOll8JI
MbllliKY "
~
Ko'lj B QlIR8X CXB8THJl aepHO.,1
't.JHTaeT KHIDKKY"", ,IJ;a RaK KpHKH e T,
CTapblli l1el1, YJIeTaH:
BneTeJI B OKHC4, - B OT tITO 3 Ha"lHT
Bopo6eli} aalIRTaR!
Opcporp8.MM a .IIpoBepH eMble c o rJI8 CHble B K o pHe CJIOBa.
tIT06b1 npaBHJIhH O 0603H8QHTh H8 IIRChMe IIapHble IIO rJIY-
XOCTH-3BOHKOCTH CorJIaCHbIe B RopHe CJIOBa, HYJKHO H3Me-
HRTh CJIOBO HJIII rro,np6paTh K HeMY TaKOe O,ll;HOKOpeBHoe,
B KOTOPOM OOCJIe corJI8CHOrO CJIe,n;yeT rJI8CHblH 3By-K.
~ ~~v ~
IIoa8ul. - nOa8U£!!. VlaJ.KU - ZAa ;!'yK.
0 1103HaB8TeJIbHble npH3H8KH opcpor paMMbt - R OBen; CJIOB8
H CTeqeHHe c orJI8CHblX .
Bce 11101 napbl 3S0HKHX 101 rnyxHx cornaCHblX 3SYKOS npeAcTasl1e-
Hbl HH>Ke? ECI1H HeT, npOAOI1>KH 3anHCb.
[6] [8] [r] [)I(] [3]
I I I I I
[n] ['*'] [K] [w] [c]
36. K AaHHblM npHl1araTel1bHblM nOA6epH aHTOHHMbl C op-
cporpaMMo~-nposepfieMoH cornacHoH 6YKSOi:t S KopHe cnosa
101 npOSepO"lHble K HHM.
,lJ;8JIeKHH, llacTblH, m ecTRlfH, THJKeJIbIH, CMeJIblH.
• 0603Ha4b opcporpaMMY H ee ono3HasaTe11bHblH npH3HaK.
• CocTasb H 3anHWH npeAflO>KeHHe C ASyMfI np Hl1araTel1bHbIMIoo1-aH-
TOHHMaMIoo1, COCTaab ero cxeMy .
OpcporpaMMa «HenpOBepHeMbl e COrJIaCHble B Kop He CJIOB8.
IIp8Bo IIHc8HHe H enpOBepSleM bIX COr JI8CHbI X B R o pHe CJIOB8
Ha,n;O 38TIOMHH8Tb.
~,~.
OnOaHaBaTeJIhHhle npH3HaKH Op<lOrpaMMbI - KOHeI1 CJIOBa
H CTe'leHHe COrJI8CHblX.
37. np04loo1TaH. 06bflCHIoo1 3Ha4eHHe C110a , 3anHcaHHbiX HH)f(e.
• Ha~AIoo1 opcporpaMMy-corl1acHytO. Cnloo1wH, nOA61oo1pafl nposepo4-
Hble C110aa K AaHHblM. 0603H~a"lb 0f?CPorpaMMY ·
14. P06KHH (MaJIbIIII), pOnTaTL* (Ha CYIIL6y), Be3TH (6aralK),
BeCTH (pe6eHKa 3a PYKY), YB"IIIIIHH (I1BeTOK), YB"3IIIHH
(B cy rpo6e), H3MOPOCL (3a OKHOM), H3MOP03L (Ha BeTKax lIe-
peBLeB)_
• 1113 enOB, AaHHblX B cKo6Kax, Bblnlo1WH cnoaa C opcporpaMMOH-
npoaepfieMOH cornaCHOH B KopHe. 0603Ha'-lb opcporpaMMY.
3anOMHH H pa3J1lf'1aH!
po.Q.KIIH seaTH H3MOpO~h
pOIITaTb Be!eTli H3MOPO,tb
-38. npO'-lHTaH. Ha30BH opcporpaMMy I KOTopafl BCrpe'"laerCfI
B BblAeneHHblX cnoaax. no KaKoMY nplo13HaKY Tbl MO>KeWb HaH-
TH :ny opcporpaMMY? • BCnOMHJ.1 npaBJ.1flO npaaonHCaHIo1J1 He-
npOH3H001MbiX comaCHblx B KopHe cnoaa.
TIpa311HHK
KTO
6YKBY A
lIo6aBHJI
B eJIDBD
TIPA3AHllK?
HasepHoe, KaKoH-HH6~e
TIPOKA~HllK!
(K. MUI"caAAepc, nep. r. KpY:H<lCOea)
OpqmrpaMMa .HenpoH3HocHMhIe COl'JI8CHbIe B KopKe CJIOBat
'llT06bI He omH6HTbCSI B aanHCaHHH CJIOB8 C aenpOH3-
HOCHMbIM COI'JI8CHhIM, aymao nO,ll;06paTb T81(Oe O,lJ;HO-
KOpeRHOe eJIDBD, B KOTOPOM 3TOT COl'JI8CHbIH rrpOH3HO-
CHTCSl nepe,n; I'JI8CHblM.
~b(,it - ~umbl Qnuu - oQmb.
On03HaBRTeJIhHblH rrpH3HRK Op¢lOrp8.MMbI - CTeqeHHe
COI'JIaCHhIX.
39. np0I.UnaH. no on03HasaTenbHOMY nplo13HaKY HaHAIo1 s AaH-
HblX enosax opq:.orpaMMbl-eornaeHble 6YKSbl, 3aTeM SMeeTe
-
e nposepOliHblMIo1 enosaMIo1 3anlo1WIo1 Io1X S eOOTseTeTSYtow.yto KonOH-
Ky Ta6nIo1L.1,bI. • 0603Halib opcporpaMMbl. • K KaKIo1M enosaM Henb3R
nOAo6paTb npOSepO"'lHble?
,poBepHeMhIe cornaCHbIe
B KODDe CJIOBa
HenpoH3HOCHMhIe cornaCBhIe
B KODBe CJIOBa
IIoBSl3Ka, 3Be3,lJ;HLIH, MecTHhIH, nOAPy~Ka, JIeCTHHo;a, pe3-
KHH, HHTepecHblH, COJIHrr;e, YJIhl6Ka, CqaCTJIHBbIH, ,lJ;ep3KHH,
cep,I1;n;e, 3,11;paBcTByii, CKOJIb3KHH, meq,cKHH, qeCTHhIH, YCT-
HLIH, npeJIeCTHhIH, qyacTBoBaTb, yqacTBOBaTb.
• KaKoe 1013 enoB Tbl He 3anlo1ean HIo1 s OAHY 1013 KonOHoK?
nOlieMY? Ha30sIo1 101 3anlo1WIo1 HeeKonbKO enOB, B KOTOPblX HeT
Henpolo13Hoelo1Moro eornaeHoro.
40. K nplo1naraTenbHblM S AaHHblX enOBoeOlieTaHIo1RX nOA6eplo1 CIo1-
HOHIo1Mbl e Henpolo13Hoelo1MblMIo1 eornaeHblMIo1 B KopHe.
• 0603Halib on03HaBaTenbHblH nplo13HaK opcporpaMMbl 101 opq:.o-
rpaMMy.
Xpa6phIH BOHB, neqaJIbHhIH B3rJIH,I1;, mecToKHH npoTHB-
HRK, orpoMHhlH Meq, 3HaKOM8Ji p;opora, cKBepHaJI norO,l1;a.
IIOlIcKR3Ka: rpycTHLIH, I'HI'aHTCKHH, 6e3)KaJIOCTHhIH, ,11;06-
JIeCTHhIH, HeHRcTHLIH, H3BecTHhIH.
41. npO"'lIo1Ta~ . • Bblnlo1wlo1 OAHoKopeHHble enosa, pa36eplo1101x no
eoeTasy . • KaKlo1e opcporpaMMbl-eornaeHble 6YKBbi eCTb B 3TIo1X
enoBad 0603Halib opq:.orpaMMbl, 3anlo1WH nposepoliHble enosa K
AaHHbIM .
CnoBo HCKYCHldH BOCXOP;HT K CTapOCJIaBHHcKoMY HCKYC (H
HCKYC) - HCnhITaHHe, OIIhIT. HCKycHLIii - 3Ha'tlHT npome,o;IIIHii
HcnblTaHHe, XOPOIIIO 3HaIOlIHH cHoe lIeJlO, YMeJlblH. HanpH-
Mep, HCKycHaJI pa6oTa, HCKYCHhIH MacTep, repOllHH PYCCKOH
HapOIlHOH CKa3KH MapL"-HCKYCHHl1a.
B CJIOBe HCKYCCTBO BhI,I1;eJIJIeTCSI TOT me KopeHb, a BTopaa
6YKBa C npHHR,lJlelKHT CY<!><!>HKCY -CTB-.
15. • COCraBb npeAIlO>KeHHSI co CnOaaMI-i HCKYCHbIH, HCKYCCTBO Ioi
co Cll0aaMH, BKl1lO""IeHHbIMH B paMKy.
3anoMBH!
HenpOH3HOCHMoro COrJI8CHQro BeT B CJIOBax:
6JIeCHYTb IIJIe~yTb HCKy~h[ii
42. Cnlo1wH, BCTaBb, rAe Hy>t<HO, "pO"y~eHHble 6YKBbl.
Hanlo1wlo1 "pOBepo....Hble enOBa K AaHHbIM • • 0603Ha....b opcpo- .
rpaMMy • • HaHAH B Ka>t<,qoH rpynne enOB OAHO nlo1WHee enoBo,
nOA'"IepKHH ero.
1. JIec_HHu.a, yq:aC_HHK, oKpec_HocTb.
2. Y m8c_HhIH, npeJIeC_HblH, BKYC_HhIH.
3. Iloa_HRB, :3Se3_HbIH, MOP03_HhIH.
4. l.Jec_Hhlu, qY,lI;eC_HblH, HCKYC_HbIH.
• B KaKoi:1 rpynne 11Io1WHero enOBa He OKa3anoeb?
I 43. npO....J.1Tai1 OTPblBOK 1013 eTJ.1XOTBOpeHIo1f1 1<..0.. 6anbMOHTa
• «OceHb». l<aKoH BIo1AIo1T no:n oeeHb? Ha30BJ.1 C110Ba (10111101
enOBoeo....eTaHIo1S1), nOMoraKl~lo1e no:ny npeACTaBHTb oeeHb KaK
)t(l.1BOe cyw,eCTBO.
IIocneBaeT 6pycHHKa,
CTMH AaH XOJlO,ll;Hee,
If OT UTJl1ILerO KpHK8
B cep~e TOJIhKO rpycTHee.
<...>
COJlB~e peme CMOOTCH,
HeT B ~eTax 6JIaroBOHbS. *
CKOPO Ocem. npOCHeTCH
Ii aanJIaqeT cnpOCOHbS.
• B BblAeneHHblX cnoaax 0603Ha""lb 3HaKOM V on03HaaarenbHbie
npH3HaKH opcporpaMM. Bee IlH H3seCTHbie re6e on03HaaarenbHbie
"pH3HaKH BCrpenmJ.1Cb B AaHHblX cnoaax? • nOA'"IepKHJ.1 H Ha30S'"
opcporpaMMbl, KOTopble Tbl Hawen no on03HaBaTenbHbiM nplo1-
3HaKaM.
OnucaRHe - TIm peql{, B KOTOPOM paCKphIBaRlTCH nP1{3Ha·
KH npe,ll;MeTOS, HBJIeHHH, mHBOTHhIX, 'tJeJIOSeKa.
OnHcaHHe MomeT JIH60 H8'tJHH8TbCSI C o6m;ero n pH3H8Ka,
JIH60 3aKaffllHB8TbCSJ HM. 06hI'tJHO B OIIRC8HHH rosOPHTCH O,ll;-
HOBpeMeHHO 0 HeCKOJIbKHX npH3HaKax.
~
TeKCT-OIIHC8HlIe CTPOHTCSI TaR:
1. 06~ee BIIeq8TJIeHHe 0 npe,ll;MeTe, SlBJIeHHH, RapTURe.
2. PacKpblTHe rrpH3H8KOB 3TOro npe,nMeT8, .R:BJIeHHSI, Rap-
TRHhI B onpe,ll;eJIeHHOH IIOCJIe,ll;OB8TeJIbHOCTH.
3. OueeR8 npe,o;MeT8, HBJIeHHH, KapTHHbI: BhIpaateHHe CDO-
ero oTHoDIesHSI K HeMY (K Heft).
(Pp) 44. nOAP06Hoe H3no>t<eHHe TeKeTa-onHeaHHR.
1. npO....HTaH 3arnaBHe. liTO Tbl Mo>t<eWb npeAnonO>t<HTb 0
eOAep>t<aHHH, 0 THne TeKCTa no 3arnaBHKl?
2. npO....HTaH TeKeT. l<aKHe nplo13HaKIo1 rOBopfiT 0 TOM, ....ro 3TO
TeKCT-onlo1eaHlo1e?
3. OnpeAenlo1 TeMY TeKeTa 101 TeMY Ka>t<,qoH ....aeTH. CoeTaBb 101 3a-
nlo1wlo1 nnaH. BblAenlo1 B Ka>t<AoH ....aeTIo1 KnKl....eBble enOBa.
OceHHHe ,lI;HH
HscTynserr oceHb. Ha JIHCTbHX H TpaBe no YTP8.M JIemHT xo-
JIO,ll;HaSi cepas poca. TpaBa H JIHCTbH yme meJITOBSTble, no,ll;-
COXLllHe. BblrJISIHeT COJIan;e, H aOJIOTble JIRCTbSl a8TpeneW;yr aa
<poHe rOJIy60ro He6a.
BeTep YHOCHT JIHCTbSl. OaH IIoxomH Ha MeJIKHX llTHqeK,
KOTopble HecyTcSI B TenJIble Kpax. B TRXYIO noro,ll;Y JIHCTbSl
na.a;alOT, menqyrcH , npow;alOTCS HaBCer,ll;a.
Ha onymKe JIeca pacTyr MOJIO,ll;ble OCHHKR. OceHblO Bce OHM
CTaHOBHTCH paaHOIJ,BeTHbIMH. KameTCSI, 'tJTO B JIecy HM XOJIO,n-
HO. BoT H BbIlliJIH OHH norpeTbCSI aa COJIBbIIDKO.
XJIe6 CnOJIeii yme y6paH. qepHhIe rpa'<H 6poIIHT no 3eMJIe,
Hm;yT yn9.BIIIHe aepHa. XJIOnOTJIHBhIe COpOKH ceMbSlMH ROp-
MSJTCSJ OKOJIO 60JIbIDHX ,lI;opor. M8JIeHbKHe H8XOXJIHBIIIHecSJ
Bop06bH c6HsalOTCH B CT8HKH. XOJIO,ll;aeT. CROPO y,ll;apHT nep-
ShIH Mopoaen;.
(Ilo MM. IlpUWBuny)
4. nepe""Ta>i Ka>K,lYto YaCTb. 06paT" BH"MaH"e, KaKHe KapT"-
Hbl nHcaTe11b pJ.1cyeT enOBaMJ.1, KaKJ.1e npH3HaKJ.1 oeeHIo1 onHeblBaeT,
Ha KaKHX AeTa11f1X oeTaHaB11J.1BaeT eBoH B3r11f1A.
5. nepeeKa>t<H Ka>KAYKl ....acTb TeKeTa e onopoH Ha n11aH J.1 K11Kl-
....eBble e110Ba.
16. 6. 06pant BHHMaHl-le, KaKlo1e npeA"O>KeHHSI (npocTble, npOCTble c
OAHOPOAHblMH "UleHaMH, cnO>KHble) Hcno11b3yeT aSTop. npOaHanJ.oi3H-
pya:t nocTaHoBKY 3HaKOB npem1HaHHSI.
7. nOA'"IepKHH H 06bSlcH.... B cnoaax H3BecTHbie Te6e op¢>orpaMMbl.
45. PaccMoTplo1 Ta6n1014Y. C onopoH Ha cOAep>+<aHlo1e Ta6nlo1-
4bl COCTaab YCTHblH paccKa3 «no KaKJ.1M npJ.13HaKaM MO>KHO
HaHTIo1 opcporpaMMbl a cnoaax 101 Me>KAY cnoaaMIo1».
Op<j>orpllMMbI
rJIftCHble
6YXBbI
COrJIaCHlde
6YXBbI
6YXBbI " H 'h
60JIbWHe
6YXBbI
npo6eJI
On03HOaTeJIhH.hJe
npH3HaKH
otxboroaMM
6eaYllapHoe
IIOJIOmeHHe rJIac-
Horo 3BYKa;
mHnHnl're nepell
I'JI8.CHhIMH;
KOBen; CJIOBa;
CTelleBHe corJIftc-
HhIX;
MSIJ'KHe corJIftCHble
Ha KOHn;e H B cepe-
,o;HBe CJIOBa;
aByx [H') nOCJIe co·
I'JIaCHhIX IIepe,o;
rJIftCHblMH;
IIpHMepbI
~ . r7'-. ::lV '
MQPSI - MQPe, A!leXaTb,
qHT~ (.qHtiTb - I cnp.);
v v
mYKa, LHH.3Hb;
~.- GbI:
fpyc"IHblA-~~~T;
v v •
oceHll, BOJIhHhIH;
", [A'] ..,,,,[A']
JI~m, £1l~3,o;;
v v
mHIISlIQHe Ha KOHn;e HO~h (3-e CKJI.), Mopm (2-e
CJIOBa; CKJI.);
v
IIl] "" xOHIe rJIllroJIOB; Y'lHThCH (Heonp. cp.);
HMSI co6cTBeHHoe; Bepa(co6cTB.),focCHSI
(s06CTB.);
Ha,,8.JIO npeIlJIO>Ke· IXcepllueH C Xa>KllbiM
HHSI;
IIpe,o;JIOI'H;
qaCTHIJ,a He
AHeM rJISlmy B CJIOBapb.
(C.H. MaprnBx)
v •
nO,lLropoH;
He XOqV (m.
~
46. PaccMoTpH H npoaHanH3Hpya:t rpacpwolecKoe o603Ha-
'-IeHJ1e B cnoaaX-npJ.1MepaX Ta6mtL..I,bl ynp. 45.
1. 4TO o603Ha4aeT 3HaK V?
2. 4TO 0603Ha'-leHO OAHOH 4epToa:t? A AByMSI "'IepTaMH?
3. nO'-leMY He BO Bcex npHMepax eCTb 3HaK YAapeHHR?
4. n04eMY He BO Bcex npHMepax 0603Ha'-teHa ....acTb cnoaa,
e KOTOPOH HaXOAHTCSI opcporpaMMa?
5. 4TO 3anHcaHO B cKo6Kax PSlAOM C HeKOTOpblMJ.oi cl1oBaMH?
6. KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, KaKOH CMbtCn CKpblT B rpaqntyeCKHX 060-
3Hal.(eHHSlX?
7. lIro Tbl MO>KeWb paCCKa3aTb 0 HamtCaHHH C110B, onlo1paSiCb Ha
HX rpacpw-teCKoe 0603Hal.{eHlo1e?
Oco6eHHOCTH CJIOB, KOTopble IIOMorruoT OlIpe,o;eJIHTb, liTO
CJIe,o;YeT IIHCaTb B TOM HJIH HHOM CJIyqae, Ha3bIBaIOTCSI yenoBH-
HMB Bbl60pa opcporpaMMhI. HanpRMep, B npBBRJIe °HanRca·
HHH npOBepSleMhIX corJIaCHbIX B KopHe CJIOBa RX Bbl60p 3ftBH-
CRT OT ,o;ByX YCJIOBHH: OT nOJI~H IIe~JIaCHblMH H OT
HftXOJKAeHHSI B KopHe CJIOBa. 'KopOQKa -"'K0POQ2YKa.
47. npOI.{J.1TaH cnoaa • • PacnpeAenJ.1 J.1X no KonOHKaM, BcraanJu"
rAe He06xoAJo1MO, HY>KHYtO 6YKay. npOaHanJ.13lo1PyH AaHHbie a 06-
pa3~e rpacpJ.1yeCKlo1e ycnoaJ.1S1 8bl60pa opcporpaMM, c J.1X nOMO-
UJ,btO acnOMHIo1 opcporpacplo1l.{eCKlo1e npaalo1na Hanlo1caHHSI 6YKB .. 101 ....
• rpacpJ.1yeCKJ.1 0603HaYb ycnoBIo1S1 Bbl60pa opcporpaMM.
b Ha ROHu;e H B
cepe,ll;HHe CJIOBa nOCJIe
6YJCB. 0603Hft'llaIOJJJ;Hx
MHI'KHe COrJIaCHbIe
CO'lleTaHHSI
'IK, qa, U, JI1I,
nr;a, HIQ;. PW;
Pa3,ll;eJIHTeJIbHLIe
'hUh
06pa3eu 3anIo1CJ.1: CTe~!l.
KO~~U.O
nO"T08b'" (6e3 b)
rOHWHK (6e3 b)
CeM!l.~
~ ..CbeMKa
=-=
En_, nOll_ Ta, 30p_Ka, pym_e, HO'tl_HOH, MM_ qHK, TIOJIeH_,
C60P_IIJ;HK, rop_KHH, B_lOmHbIH, alIeJI CHat nOA_e3,o;,
XJIOII_H, IITeH_qHK, Me,o;Be,lL, KaMeH_m;HK, 06_HBJIeHHe,
•
II!lBHJIbOH
~
17. 3,rt;opoB_e, 60raTblp_ , npoc_6a, MOIILHbIH, .z:r;OQ_K8, Bopo6_H,
flOA-eM, naBRR_ oH, 6YRh_H.
Opq,orpaMM8 4: YnoTpe6JIeHHe L AnSI 0603HaQeHHH
M.HI'KOCTH COrJI8CHhlX 3SYKOB Ha rrHCbMet
BYKBa b 0603HaQaeT MHI'KOCTb COI'n8CHbIX 3BYKOB aa
nHCbMe Ha KOHne H B CepeiHHe CJIOBa.
J J
TIOAe.!!-b, Kane:!!:bKa.
BYRnR L He ITHmeTCSl B COQeT8HHRX corJI8CHhIX 'tIK, lIB,
'IT, fill , J.IJ;H, IIID;, pm;.
o J , V
IImu'tICa, H..Il.H.ltUmb, nO.MO~UIC.
On03H8SaTeJIbH bIe npH3H8KH opq>orpaMMbI - MJUKHe
COI'JI8CHhle aa KOHII,e CJlOBa H B CTeqeHHH COrJI8CHbIX.
Op<porpaMM8 "Paa,lJ;eJUiTeJlbHble 1) II b*
Paa,n;eJ1I1TeJIbHbIH 'b DHlIleTCSJ TOJIbKO nOCJIe npHCT8BOR,
OKaB"tIHBarom;HXC.fI aa COl'JIaCHbIe, nepe~ 6YKBaMH e, e,
10, 11 .
Od:{,,,-3a, noltjiM.
Pa3,lJ;eJIHTeJIbHblH b IIHmeTCH BHyTpH CJIOB IIOCJIe
6YKB, 0603HaQalOJIViX COl'JI8CH ble 3ByRH ( He n OCJIe
npHCT8.BOK), nepe,lJ; 6YKB8.MH e, e, 10, H , H , a T8.KJKe B
aeKOTOpblX HB01l3bNHbIX CJIOBRX nepe,lJ; 6yt<BOH O.
v v v ~ ~BblOn, apY~b~. COJl.O~bU, nOlima!l gn. 6Yf} _n .
On03HaB8TeJIbHbtii np"3HaK opq,orpaMMhl - 3BYK [il']
nOCJIe COrJI8CHbIX H nepe,lJ; I'JI8CHbtMH .
- - - ---
KJIIO'IeBbJe CJIOBa TeM.bJ:
opq,orpaMMa
ono3H8BaTeJIbHblH npJ.i3H8X opcpOrpaMMbJ
YCJIOBIUI BhlfioP8 op<llOrpaMMhl
48. CocTaBb YCTHblH paccKa3 no TeMe «OpcporpaM-
Ma», HenOflb3YSl enOBa TeMbl H HX OnpeAeI1e-
~
HIo1S1 . BKntO'"l101 B paCCKa3 caOH nplo1Me pbl• • .lloKa>KH, "4TO AIlS! Toro,
I.tTo6bl HaY'"IHTbCSI npHMeHSlTb opcporpaq:n1'"1eCKHe npaBHna Ha npaK-
TIo1Ke, Heo6xOAHMO 3HaTb nOHSITHSI, npeAcrasneHHble B 3TOM napa-
rpacpe.
(Pp) 49. TeKCT-Onl-tCaHlo1e. npOYIo1Tai1 TeKCT, 03arl1aBb ero.
KaKoe HaCTpoeHlo1e Bblpa310111 aBTop? nOAyepKHIo1 CI10Ba, KOTo-
pble nOMorl1H HapHcoBaTb KapTHHY oceH",.
TIPHI'JI .fIAHCb xopomeHhKo - RaK x o pom , K8K KpaCHB
OCHHOBblH JIec , oco6eHHo B .fICH bIe oce H HH e ABU. B nypnyp-
HO-KpaCBbIH li 30JIOTHCTbIH ll,BeT OKpame aa JIHCTB8. ~BeTBbIM
KOBPOM paCCTHJIalOTCH rro,lJ; ,nepe Bb.flMli orr8Bmlie JIHCTb.fl, a
KOe-I'Ae BHAHbI KpaCBOBaTbIe III8.IIKH rr03AHHX rpu60B-nO,lJ;OCH-
BOBUKOB. Em;e ll,BeTyT rrOCJIeABHe D;BeTbI, CJIbIWBhI nTH'IhH
I'OJIoca. I Ii TOJIhKO XOJIO,ll.HbIe o ceHHHe HOQU npeABelll,8IOT CKO-
phIe 3a Mop03KH.
(IIo H .C. COICoAo8y-MuICumo8Y)
• BblnHwH OAHoKopeHHbie cnoBa, BblnOI1HH HX pa360p no co-
CTaBY·
(Pp) 50. COYHHeHHe-onHcaHHe no nHYHblM BneyaTneHHflM.
HanHwH C04HHeHHe-onHcaHHe Ha TeMY «OceHHHH nec».
1. nOHa611fOAaH 3a npHpoAoH, 3a KpacKaMIo1 H 3BYKaMH oceHH.
2. nOAYMai1 HC!A 3aMblCI10M C04HHeHHfI, ccpopMynHpyi1 H 3anH-
WH rnaBHYIO MblCl1b, pa604Hi1 nnaH.
3. nOAYMaH, KaKHM 06~HM npH3HaKOM oceHH 6YAeT HaYHHaTb-
CSt TBOe onHcaHHe, KaKHe npH3HaKH Tbl 6YAewb onHCblBaTb.
4. HanHwH nepBblH BapHaHT TeKCTa Ha 4epHoBHKe, 3aTeM npo-
Bepb, cooTBeTcTByeT I1H TeKCT nl1aHY, nonYYHnOCb nH onHcaHHe
(onHeaHbl 11101 npH3HaKH oceHH B npHpoAe, Ha3BaH nH 06~HH npH-
3HaK B Ha4ane HnH B KOH4e e04HHeHHSi, Bblpa>KeHO I1H CBOe OTHO-
weHHe K KapTHHe oceHH). CAenaH Heo6xOAHMbie HcnpaBneHHSi.
5. npoBepb HanHcaHHe el10B, nOCTaHOBKY 3HaKOB npemtHaHHfI.
6. nepenHwH TeKCT Ha 4HCTOBHK.
18. § 5. HOPMbl npoH3HoweHHII 3BYKOB pe'lH
51. Bbl6epH 1013 B03MO>KHbIX SapJ.oiaHTOB
enOB npaBJ.1nbHbl~ • • 06bSlCHH eBOH Bbl6op.
BOlla - B [O]lIa
---- B [a]lIa
_II [0] pa
IIopa ----II [a] pa
'Ia,lHTb ./ 'I [H]IIMTh
"'I [a]IIMTb
l11aBeJIb /"111 [H] BeJIb
'111 [a] BeJIb
npOH3HoweHI,HI
rpH6(rpH [6]
rpH [n]
/ po [r]
por" po [K]
po [x]
52. npOLlJ.1Taa1 MY>KCKlo1e J.1 >KeHCKHe OT'"IeCTBa. CosnaAaeT
m1 npolo13HoweHHe C Ham1caHHeM? liTO npOHCXOAHT C 3nlMH
CI10BaMH npJ.1 n pOH3HoweHHH? nOyeMY Tbl J.1 X np0J.13HOCHWb
HMeHHO TaK?
AHTOHOBHl:J, CeMeHOBl-PI, CTenaHOBH't{, cI>e,l1;OpOBHQ, Ba-
CHJIbeBHa, EBreHbeBHa, TPOc:pHMOBHa, AHToHOBHa.
53. np04J.1Tai1 u.enOL.tKH CIlOB. KaKoH 3syK o603Ha4eH B
6e3YAapHoM n0110>KeHIo1J.1 6YKsaMJ.1 a H 0 nacne TsepAblx co-
rnacHblx? • V13MeHH cnoaa TaK, 4T06bl 6e3YAapHbll1 rnacHblH
6bln nOA YAapeHHeM. KaKHe 3syKJ.1 B 310M cnyyae 0603Ha4aK>T-
CSI 6YKsaMJ.1 a J.1 o?
,l1;aBHo - Ka3HHTb - MaJIbIm - marrYH - caMa.
Bo,n;a - Hora - GOJIeTb - XO,n;HTb - rOCTHTb.
54. npO'"lHTaH u.enO'"lKH enoa. KaKoH 3SyK 0603Ha'"leH
a 6e3YAapHoM nono>+<eHHH 6YKaaMH A, e, H noene MS'lrKHX eo-
rnaeHblX? • J..13MeHJ.1 enoaa TaK, '"ITo6bl 6e3YAapHblH maCHblH
6bln nOA YAapeHHeM. KaKHe 3SyKH a 3TOM enY'"Iae 0603Ha'"latOT-
eS'l 6YKBaMH A, e, H?
THHYTb - B3aJIa - KJIHJIaCb - cHami.
Be,n;a - JIeCOK - ce,n;oH - 3eMJIa.
BHceTb - CH,n;eTb - JIHCTaTb - 3HMa.
55. npO'"lHTaa:i TeKeT S paMKe. 03arnasb ero. • Pa36eH
TeKeT Ha CMblenOSble '"IaCTH. nOcTaBb K Ka>t<AoH 4aeTH 80-
npoc. COCTaBb nnaH . • nepeCKa>KH TeKCT no nnaHy. KaKHe ,~
Hoabie caeAeHHS'I Tbl nonY'"lHn? r~
JIHTepaTYPHhIH H3bIK HMeeT HOPMbI (IIpaBHJIa) npOH3-
HomeHHa . HopMaMH npOH3HomeHHa H y,n;apeHHa 3aHHMaeT-
ca HaYKa op«l>oanHH (OT zpett• •op<pOC» - npaMOH, npaBHJIb-
HhIH H .anOC» - pe'tJ:b). OHa orrHChIBaeT He TOJIbKO HOPMbI
rrpOH3HomeHHH, ocoGeHHocTH 3BY'tJ:aHHa HeKOTopbIX CO'tJ:eTa-
HHH 3BYKOB, rrpaBHJIbHylO nOCTaHOBKY y,n;apeHHH B PYCCROM
H3hIRe, HO H Bce pacxom,n;eHHa B HanHcaHHH H npOH3Home-
HHH CJIOB.
BOT HeCKOJIbKO op<jlosIInqeCKHX HOpM (npaB"JI) PYCCKOro
H3hIRa.
B IIepBoM npellYllapHoM CJIore [a] H [0] nOCJIe TBeplloro co·
rJIaCHOrO IIPOH3HOCHTCH KaK [a]: S[O]lIhI - B[a]lIa, K[O]ChI -
R [ a] ca. STO Ha3hIBaeTCH (c aKaHbeM» •
B nepBOM rrpe,n;Y)J;apHOM CJIore nOCJIe MHfROfO COfJI8CHOrO
[a], [e], [0], [H] npon3HOCHTCH KaK [H]: [T'it]HeT - T[n]HYTb,
[6'a]lIhI - 6[n]II", [II'M]meT - n[H]caTb, [T'O]K - T[n]KJIa.
STO Ha3hIBaeTCB 4: HKaHbeM» •
B KOHn;e CJIOB H B HX Cepe,lI;HHe nepe,n; r JIYXHMH corJIaCHbI-
MH 3BOHRHe COrJIaCHhIe orJIymalOTCH: HCTpe[G]bI - HCTpe[n],
Tpa[B]it - Tpa[<jl]Ka.
QTo6bI JIy'tJ:me 3HaTb HOpMhI rrpOH3HomeHHH, HymHo
nOJIb30BaTbCH op<po::mHQeCKHM CJIOBapeM.
56. npOH3HeeH cnoaa a eOOTBeTCTBHH e HOpMaMJ1 npoH3Howe-
HHS'I. EenH eOMHeBaeWbCS'I, nOCMOTpH B opcpo3nH'"IeeKOM enoaa-
pe HnH • KOHLe y"e6HHKa Ha c. 196.
llTo, 'tJ:To6hI, nOHHJI, 3eJIeHoro, 6aJIOBaTbCH, TBOpOf, ap6Y3,
,n;OKYMeHT, KpaCHBee, o6ecrre'tJ:eHHe, cJIyqaH, CTOJIHp.
• COCTaBb ABa npeAflo>+<eHHS'I e 3THMi-1 CnOaaMJ.1 . nOA'"IepKHH
rpaMMaTH'"IeCKYtO oeHoay.
19. 57. npOl.jJo1Ta~ TeKel, 03arnaSb. C>+<aTO 1013110>+01 era cOAep>+<a-
HHe. • CnHwIo1, BCTaBnsu~ nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl. 0603HaLtb opcpo-
rpaMMbl Ha MeeTe nponYCKoB. KaKosa HopMa npoH3HOWeHI<i~
cnoaa Aocyr? BblmtWH era, nOCTaSb YAapeHHe . • KaKHM
opcp03m1....ecKHM HopMaM nOALtJ.1HSleTCfI npoH3HoweHHe BblAeneH-
HblX enos?
IIpeiCT_ BJUllO, KIIK BbI Y/LBHTeCb, eCJlH Y3S8_Te, qTO mKO-
JIa no-rpeqeCKH 3Haq_T •.zr;ocyr••
He npaBi8 JlH CTpaHHO: mKOJIa - H BiPY_ iocyr?
AeJIo B TOM, 'tfTOI rpeKH no,o; ,n;ocyroM nOApaaYMeB8.JIH He
6e3iem.e, a CB_ 60iHble, Ha iocyre, D_CeiL1' MYiP_nOB-<PHJlO-
CO$OB* co CB_HMH yq_ HHKaMH 0 pa3HbIX HaYKax.
BHa'llaJIe npOBJ];HJIHCb TOJI_KO 6_ce.n;hI, HO n03,l{Hee nO_BH-
JlHC& CaMbIe HaCTOJlIr(He aaHSlTHSI, r.zr;e ,o;eTJlM npenO,lLBBJIH
QTeHHe, nHC_MO, ClJeT,
opaTopCKoe* HCKYCCTBO.
rHMH8CTHKY, MY3hIKY, n033Hro,
• (B.B. BOAuIla)
,lQcyr
qlHJIOCOIj>
58. CmtWH. nOA....epKHH H3BeCTHbie Te6e opq:,orpaMMbl.
• CocTaeb H 3anHWH ceOH npeA110>KeHHfI co cnoeaMH OtcYHH H
OKY"", nOA....epKHH B HHX rpaMMaTH....ecKylO OCHOBY.
MHe CJIOBO l:;rYAHo l
H3MeHHTb HeTpYiHO:
CKopeH, ceCTpa, Ha phI6
IIoCTaBHM YiapeHHe Ha 0 -
HCqe3JIO qy,n;HO,
B3rJIHHH,
DOnaJIHCh aa KproQOK2
OHH,
B BeiepKO PYKY OKYH",
POAHJIOCh qY,lJ;HO J
• He 60HC.a:: aTO OKYHH.
(9. K03A08CICUU)
KJIIO'leBbie CJIOBa TeMLI:
rrp0113HOWeBHe
Y,lIapeHHe
HOpMhl
- § 6_ 6YKBbi 0, e nocne WHnAIqHX • KopHe enOBII
59. npOLtJ.1TaH cnoaa Bcnyx. KaKoH rnacHblH 3SyK CllbIWJ.1TCSI
nOA YAapeHHeM nocne WHnJlw,ero B KopHe Bcex cnoB? A Ka-
KHe 6YKBbl nHwYTcfl?
• CcpopMynHpyii npaBHno caMOCTOfiTenbHO. AononHH rpaqnt-
....ecKoe o603Ha....eHHe ycnoBHii Bbl60pa opq,orpaMMbl.
QhIH ~ ~
~ fuopOx ~HhIH
~hIH illoil ~blH
~Ka ~------~v__------_____
UCKA.
OpqlOrpaMMa .BYKBbI 0, enocJle mHnlllIHx B KopHe f-I_ _- - ,
CJIOBa.
ECJIH B RopHe CJIOB8 oocJle m Hrr.R:m;erO nOA YAa p eHHeM
CJIhImHTC.R: [0], TO H8.,lI;O OHC8Th e.
.--------;----- ~ r---., ~
l1cKJUOQeHHSl : KPbl:JICQ8H. U IC, ULQP OX, W Q8, "anIOUL~ H.,
~ -~-
Ma~gp H.bLU. :tQnopn bLU.
f!ii;;;c08bLU; ~ (UCKJI.).
Orr03H8.BaTeJIhm.I..H IIpH3HaK o pqmr psMMbI - mHII~He
nepe,n; rJIaCHhIMH.
nonp06yii nOA06paTb K cnoeaM Hdinn.IH, wenoT, '4epHblH OA-
HOKopeHHbie cnoea-rnaronbl, a K cnoey aqenKa - OAHOKOpeH-
Hoe cy~ecTeHTenbHoe . KaKYIO 3aKOHOMepHocTb Tbl 3aMeTHn?
• EcnH Tbl CAenaewb eepHblii BblBOA, TO OTKpoeWb e~e OAHH
BapHaHT opcporpaq:,H....ecKoro npaSHna.
27. • OAHO 1013 3THX cnOB SlBIlSleTCSI Ha3BaHIo1eM CTHXOTBopeHHSI 60plo1-
ca 3axoAepa. BcnoMHIo1 Io1IlH nepeLtIo1Tai:1 ero (KHHra AIlSl LtTeHIo1J1
«B OAHOM CLtaCTIlHBOM AeTCTBe», KH. 1). Ha LteM nocTpoeHa Hrpa
cnOB 8 3TOM CTHXOT80peHHH? nonp06yi:1 06bSlCHHTb HaYLtHblM Sl3bl-
KOM, HcnOIlb3YSl C80H IlHHr8HCTHLteCKHe 3HaHHSI.
84. npOLtHTaH TeKCT. 06paTH 8HHMaHHe, KaKHM cnOBOM «Hr-
paeT» aSTop. B KaKHX neKCHLteCKHX 3HaLteHHSlX ynoTpe6IleHo
3TO CIl080? KaK Tbl AYMaeWb, KaKoe 1013 3THX 3HaLteHHH npSlMoe,
a KaKoe nepeHOCHoe? KaKaSi CMblcn08aSl C8S13b Me>KAY 3THMH
3HaLteHHSlMH? • YT04HH C80H BbIBOAbl. np04HTaH cnOBapHYIO CTa-
TbtO B TOIlKOBOM cnOBape Y4e6HHKa . 06paTH BHHMaHHe, KaKaSi no-
M.ha COnpOBO>KAaeT TOIlKOBaHHe nepeHOCHoro 3HaLteHHSI cnosa.
Ra qeTBepTOH illKOJIhI-KOMMYHhl BhIlIIJIH BnOCJIe,o;-
CTBHH HaBecTHhle H YBamaeMhIe JIlO,o;H. 51 CaM 06Haa.H
eH OqeBh MHorHM. Ho Tor,o;8, B ,o;eBHTHa,n;U;8TOM ro,o;y,
qTO 3TO 6hlJI8 a8 KallIal KCT8TH, HMeHHO KaIIIa -
HHor,o;a MaHCOBaJI, HHor,o;a nmeHHaSl - B aHaqHTeJI.h-
HOH CTeneHH onpe,o;eJIJIJIa IIIKOJIbHhle HHTepeChl•• • Ee
npHBOaHJIH Ha caHSlX, B orpOMHOM KOTJIe, 6epemHO
a8KYTaHHYIO, noxomYlO aa cTapylO 686YIlIKY, H TaR B CaHHX H
aeCJIH BaBepx, B aKTOBhIH 3~JI. BhICTp8HB8JIaCh Oqepe,o;h, H
Ka.m,ll;hlH•• • nOJIyq8JI no JIo.mKe em;e ropSlqeH KamH, ~BOJIb
CRR BKYCHOH, C JIon81OIqHMHCH nY3h1pbKaMH.
(BA. Ka8epun e<J(8a Kanumaua»)
~ 85. npOAOfl>K"M Ha6fltoAeH"e. • Ha""" • cfleAytol1>lX ABYX
, TeKCTax cnOBO, ynoTpe6neHHoe 8 npSlMOM H nepeHOCHOM 3Ha-
LteHHH. npOBepb ce6S1: 06paTHCb K pa3Aeny «nOACKa3KH» B KOH-
4e YLte6HHKa. nOAYMai:1, Ha 4eM OCHOBaH nepeHOC Ha3BaHHSI.
1. ,11;8BHO np06HJIO B BeCTH610JIe ,ll;eBHTb, 8 ypOKH He HatIH-
HaJIHCh . KJIaCCbl ry,o;eJlH, 6YPJIHJIH. OT,1l;eJlbHhIe rOJloca 6YJlh-
KaJlH B 06m;eM ryJle H JlOnaJIHCb nY3h1phK8MH.
2. OTen, TOJIbKO tITO BepHyJlcH ,o;OMOH H3 60JlhHHU;hI C ollepa-
U;HH. OH YMblBaJICH, nOJIOCKaJl r opJlo. BO,ll;a 6YJlbKaJla H
KJIOKOTaJl8 Y Hero B rOPJIe. K aaaJlOCb, tITO nana 3aKHneJI.
T
• nonp06YH caMOCTOSlTenbHO CAenaTb BbIBOA: nOLteMY y cnoaa
HapfiAY C npSlMblM neKCH4eCKHM 3HayeHHeM B03HHKaeT nepeHOC-
Hoe.
86. YKa>KH, a KaKOM cIlYLtae cnoao ynoTpe6neHo B npSlMOM 3Ha-
4eHHH, a B KaKOM - a nepeHocHoM. EcnH COMHeBaeWbCSl, YT04HH
no TonKoBoMY cnoaaplO . • 06bSlCHH, Ha 4eM OCHOBaH nepeHoc
3Ha4eHHSI.
BpeMJI 6emHT, peKa 6emHT, cnopTcMeH 6emHT, cyn 6emHT.
TSlmeJIaSl cy-MKa, TSlmeJlble ,o;HH, THmeJlOe rope, THmeJIblH
Ba,o;ox.
MeHH OXBaTHJIO BOJIHeHHe; BOJIBeHHe Ha Mope. MaMa BOJl-
HyeTcH; Mope BOJlHyeTcSI; *BOJIByeTcH meJlTelOm;aSl HHBa ••
rOpbKHe MhlCJIH, rophKHH KOcPe, rophKHH qac, rophKaSl
Ta6J1eTK8, *ropetIh cJleat .
• nOA6epH H 3anHWH CHHOHHMbl K cnoaaM nepsoi:1 101 4eTaepTOH
rpynnbl, ynoTpe6neHHbiM a nepeHOCHOM 3Ha4eHHH • • 4TO Tbl 3a-
MeTHn? KaKOH BblBOA MO>KHO CAenaTb? • npOAon>t<H pSlA OAHOKO-
peHHblX cnoa: BOIlHYI014HH, ... Pa36epH no cocTaay OAHOKopeH-
Hble cyw,eCTBHTeIlbHoe 101 rnaron H 0603HaYb B HHX H3aeCTHbie Te6e
op<porpaMMbl.
B MHOI'03Ha'tlHOM CJIOBe MOryT 6h1Tb npJIMoe H nepeROCBoe
3Ba'leBHH. nepeHOC 3HatIeHHJI npOHCXO,ll;HT, eCJlH y npe,ll;Me-
TOB, npH3HRKOB HJlH ,ll;eiiCTBHH eCTh KRKoe-TO CXO,o;CTBO: no
1jJ0pMe (/COJlO/COJlb~U/C). IIO rrBeTy (He6eCHbte eJla3a, 30JlomaJl
ocenb) II T.,o;. IIepeHocHoe 3HatIeHHe CJlOBa Bcer,ll;8 CBSlaaHO C
npSlMhlM.
MhI qaCTO ynoTpe6JISleM CJlOBO B nepeHOCHOM aHaqeHlf1f H
,o;ame He 3aMetIaeM SToro: u8em 80:HC8b, 8peMR JLemum, MO.n.O-
KO y6e:HCa.n.0. TaKoe CJlOBoYlloTpe6J1eHHe ,ll;JlSI Hac npHBbIqHO.
Ho BOT MhI qHTaeM y JIbBa KaCCliJIJI: .rpOM8.,1HhIe KpyrJIhIe
OllKU,aeM1tbtX no.n,ywapuu CMOTpeJlH co CTeHbIt. TaKOH yBH)1;eJl
M8JIbqHK, repoH KHHrH, reorpa<pH"lIeCKYIO KapTy nOJlymapHH.
nHCaTeJlh ynoTpe6HJI 3TO BblpameBHe B nepeHocHoM 3HatIe-
HRR, If MbI y,ll;HBHTeJlbHo SlCBO npe,o;cT8BHJlH 3TY KapTY, ee
l (JIA. KaCCUJlb.J.e<Konoyum u ill6aM6panuJw ) ' . Ih- _ ...
BllCT.!16tOJIb 7 a.::s:; -r 7 I ' 7 ,-"51
28. CXO,lI.CTBO C orpOMHhIMH Kpyl'JIhIMH QqKaMH. nOJIYl.{HJIaCb
MeTsctmpa - SpRoe, HeofihIl.{aOe, 06pa3Hoe BhIpameHHe. 3,lI.eCb
CJIOBO ynoTpe6JIeHO B nepeHOCHOM 3HaQeHHH, OCHOBaHHOM Ha
CXo.o;CTBe. JI.A. KaCCHJIb He CKaaaJI npHMo, "lTO KapTa nOJly-
mapH:ll noxoma Ha 60JIbllHe Ot{IUi, HO MhI YJIOBHJIH :lTO CKPhl-
Toe cpaBHeHHe.
MeTa<jlQPa
nOl.leMY CIlOB B Sl3blKe 3Ha'-lJ.1TenbHO MeHbwe, 4eM npeAMeToB,
• JlBneHHi:1, Aei:1cTBHi:1, npH3HaKoB - TO eCTb Bcero, 4TO HY>+<HO
• Ha3blBaTb? nonp06yi:1 06bJlCHHTb , Hcnonb3YJl CBOH 3HaHHR no
neKCHKe .
87. npo4HTai1 CTHxoTBopeHHe. KaKHe oc06eHHocTH ynoTpe6ne-
HHJI cnOB B nepeHOCHOM 3Ha4eHHH Tbl B HeM YBHAen? • 06paTH
BHHMaHHe Ha 3amaBHe CTHXOTBOpeHHJI . '-ITO nOMomo n03TY HapH-
COBaTb 06pa3 «AOMa, rAe 11I05J1T Hac»?
,,·~.... ...AV...-:L..o...
rOCTerrpHHMCTBO
Mhl JIIo6HM ,I:(OM,
r,I:(e JII06HT Hac.
IIycKaH DB Cblp, nYCRaH OB ,I:(ymeH.
Ho JIHlIlh 6hI TenJIOe p8.,lYlIlhe
I1.BeJIO B ORBe X03HHCKHX rJI83.
Ii no JIlo6oii MYApeHoii KapTe
MhI STOT CTP8HHblM ,I:(OM H8H,lJ;eM -
r,ll;e ,lJ;JIHHHhIH 'l{aH,
rAe p06KHii <jlapTY".
r,n;e paBHO - B ,lJ;eKa6pe Ii B MapTe -
BCTpe'tIalOT
COJIHe'l{HhIM JIHIl,OMt
(H.ll. YmKUH)
• 3anHWH cnOBOC04eTaHHR, B KOTOPblX 6bl cnOBO conHe'tHblH
ynoTpe6nRnOCb B nps:lMOM 101 nepeHOCHOM 3Ha4eHHH • • nOA6epH 101
3anHWH CHHOHHMbl K npHnaraTenbHOMY COnHe"lHbIH B TOM 3Ha4e-
HHH, B KOTOPOM ero ynoTpe6"m n03T J..10CHq, YTKHH.
1
88. nepel.lJ.1TaH TeKel B paMKe Ha c. 26-27, BcnOMHH, Ka-
KOBbl oco6eHHocTH TeKCTa-OnHCaHJ.1S1 . HamlwH 0 xapaKTepe,
AyweBHblx Kal.leCTBaX 6nJ.oi3KOrO, Aopororo Te6e l.IenOBeKa.
nOCTapaHcfI J.1CnOnb30BaTb B om<1CaHJ.1H HeKOTopble H3 AaHHblX
enOB B nepeHocHoM 3HayeHHJ.1 (cpOPMY cnosa, eCTeCTseHHO,
MO>t<HO H3MeHSlTb) .
30JlOTOH, COJIHe'llHhlH, M,STKHH, TenJIbIH, JIerKHH, 6e3-
06JIatJHblH2, OTKpblTbIH.
KJllOlJeBbie CJlOBa TeMLI:
xY.IlOmeCTBeHHbrt'r TeRc'r
MHor03Ha'tJHble CJlOBa
TOJIKOBbJif CJlOB8Pb
npR.MOe 3H84e1H1.e CJIOBa
rrepeHOCHoe 3HaQeSlIe CJIOB8
MHor03Ha'tHble (nOBa H OMOHHMbl
89. CpaBHH cnoBapHble CTaTbH 1013 TonKOBoro cnOBapR. '-ITO
Tbl 3aMeTHn?
Hoc, -3, oM. 1. OpraH 060HHHH.H, HaxO,I:(HIII,HHCH Ha JIH~e
qeJIOBeRa H Ha MOp,ll;e y mHBOTHhIX. IIpRoMou noc. 2. IIepe,IJ;-
HHH qaCTb JIOARH , CY.IlHa, CaMOJIeT8. 3. EJIIOB rrTH~hI.
3KHIIaml, -a, oM. JlerK8H HerpY30B8H nOB03K8, ROJIHCR8.
3KHnam2, -a, oM. KOMaH.n.a Kopa6JlH, CaMOJIeT8, TaRK8.
Q6QHHHHe
,
~KHna.m
• ECTb 11101 4TO-TO 06w.ee Me>+<AY neKCH4eCKHMH 3Ha4eHHs:lMH
cnOBa HOc? A Me>KAY neKCH4eCKHMH 3Ha4eHHs:lMH e110B 3KHna)K 101
3KHna)t(? • KaK Tbl AYMaewb, nO"'leMY 0 cnOBe HOC HanHcaHa OAHa
cnOBapHaR CTaTbS! , a 0 cnOBe 3KHna)K - ABe?
53
29. 90. npo"no1Ta~ WYTOI.IHOe CTHxoTBopeHHe M. MIo1TpeHtU1Ha.
I 06pant BHHMaHHe Ha BblAeneHHble cnoaa. OnpeAel1J.1, 3AeCb
ynoTpe6neHo OAHO cn080 Koca B TPEh pa3Hbix 3Hal..jeHH~X HnJ-t
TP'" coaepweHHo pa3Hbix cnoaa Moca? npoaepb eBOH npeAno-
110>KeHHJI no TOIlKOBOMY cnoaaptO.
CMOTPHT 3aHRa KOCOR,
KIlK /leB'IOHKa C KOCOK
3a peQHOIO KOCOK
TpaBhI ROCHT KOCOK.
• nOHa6ntOAaH, '-fTO o61..1.4ero Y BblAeneHHblX enOB H l.IeM OHJ.1 01-
llHyatoTCJI.
O MOHHMId - aTO CJIOB8 , KOTOPble O,ll;HH8KOBO DHm YTCSJ II
rrpOH3H OCSiTCH, 80 Me*,lI;Y H X JIeK CIilJ.eCKHMH 3Ba'tJeHHSIM H B eT
HHK8KOH CBSl3H.
91 . npOYHTaH npeAn0>KeHHR. B KaKOM 3Ha4eHHH ynoTpe6ne-
HO B Ka>KAOM 1013 HHX enOBO KnlO'IH? ECTb 11101 CMblcnosaSl CBSl3b
Me>t<p.y 3THMH CIlOaaMI1?
1. 'YXO,l1;H H3 ,ItOM8, SI Bcer,n;a 6epy c co6oH KJIIOllH OT KBap-
Tllphl.
2. KJIIOl{H OT CqaCTbSl meHCKoro, OT HameD: BOJIhHOH
BOJIlOmKH, aa6pomeHhl, nOTepHHbI••• (H.A. HeKpacoB)
3. B rJIYXOM OBpare 6hlOT qHCTbIe cTYAeHble KJIlOqH.
OMOHHMJd HymHo OT JIHQaTb OT MHor03H8'1HhlX CJIOB.
ECJIH MeJKAY AByMH CJIOBaMH, OARHaKOBhIMH no 3ByqaHHIO
H HanHcaHRIO, eCTh CMhlCJIOBaH CBH3b, OHH He HBJIHIOTCSI OMO-
HHM8MH.
Kl£lOl£U om 1C6apmUPbt Ii KJUOI£U om CllaCmbJl. - MHOr03H8'LJ-
HOe CJIOBO B npSIMOM H rrepeHOCHOM 3H8qeHHH. KI£JOI£U om
/C6apmUPbl Il /ClUO'tU (pOIHHKH) - OMOHIlMhI.
1 92. QrraAaH 3araAKJ.1, KOTopble npeAllaraeT y ...eHbIH-llJ.1HrBJ.1CT
~.6. rOlly6 B OAHOH J.13 CBOJ.1X KHJ.1r AIlSl WKOllbHJ.1KOB. npoBepb ce6S1
(c. 205). • CocTaBb J.1 3anJ.1WJ.1 npeAllO)f(eHJ.1S1 co CllOBaMJ.1-0MOHJ.1-
MaMH.
1. lia K8.KorO KpaHa He JIbeTCSI BOAa?
2. KIlKOH JIyK He KJIa,u;yT B cyn?
3. KaKOH mypaBJIb HHKorAa He JIeTaeT?
4. B K8.KHX JIecax BeJIh3S1 3a6JIYAHTbC.a:?
5. KaROH ry6KoH BeJIb3JI MhITbCSI?
6. KaKOH JIonaTKoH He BCKonaemb rpSlAKY?
7. KaRaH ryceHu:a;a He rO,zi;HTCSI AJISI TaHKa?
93. n03HaKoMbcSI co clloBapHblMH CTaTbSlMIo1 1013 «CllOBapSi OMo-
HIo1MOB pYCCKoro Sl3blKa» (aBTop-COCTaBIo1Tenb O.C. AXMaHOBa).
KaKYtO Io1HcpopMa~lo1K> MO>KHO H3Bne...b 1013 3Toro CllOBapfil
JIaKKa I - II
JIaiht8 I. Ha3BaHHe IIOPOAhI OXOTHUQbHX, IIPOMhlCJIOBhIX
co61lK...
JIaKKa II. COPT MHrKOH Komll.... JIaU/c06blU.
llJIllBHTh I - II
nn8BHTb I .... IIJIaBHJIbHHK, UJI8BHJIbHblH,
IIJI8.BKHH, cumlBHTb I.
IIJw6umb MemllJt.l!, 'tyzyn, Meob, pyoy.
nJl8BHTb II.... CrrJIMHTb II, CllJI8.BIIl;HK.
IIJla6umb /lee, 6pi!6na.
IIJIaBK8,
94. CocTaBb 101 3anlo1WIo1 cnOBoco...eTaHIo1S1 Io1nlo1 npeA110>KeHIo1S1
C OMOHIo1MaMH. npH Heo6xoAlo1MOCTH MO>KHO YTO...HHTb neKCIo1-
...eCKoe 3Ha...eHlo1e no cnoBaptO OMOHHMOB Hnlo1 no TonKoBoMY
cnoaaptO.
KOBeK t
, KOTHK, JIHTb, HorOTKH, OQKH
t
, rrapK, rrepeBecTH,
UJIHT8, nO,lI.XO,ll;HT2, ThMa, YBH3aTb, yxo,re, 3KHnam.
K~'1lOqeBbJe CJIOBa TeMbI:
JIeKClf4eCKoe 3H81leHHe CJIOB8
MHor03H8l.JHble CJlOB8
,O,.,OHJ.tMbI
5&
CJIOBapb OMOHliMOB
TOJIKOBbIii CJIOB8Pb
30. § 8. CHHOHHMbl
95. np0l.uHai:1 OTpblBKH 1013 KHJ.1rH to.K. OneWJ.1 «Tp/.1 ToncTJI-
Ka» • • 06paTH BHIo1MaHJ.1e Ha BblAeneHHble napbl enOB. BcnOM-
HIo1, KaK Ha3blBatOTCSJ TaKHe cnoaa, 410 y HJ.1X o6~ero J.1 "'4eM OHJ.1
OTIlJ.1l.fatOTCSI, KaKYtO ponb HrpatOT B pel..lJ.1 • • nonpo6y~ onpe-
AemtTb, SlBnsllOTCSI nJ.1 CHHOHHMaMJ.1 BblAeneHHble cnoea, C KaKoi:1
~enbto aSTOp Hcnol1b3yeT "'X B TeKeTe. nposepb ce6S1 no T011-
KOBOMY cnoaapto, o6paTHcb K cnoaapHblM CTaTbSlM .13 Cll0Ba-
pSi CHHOHHMOB.
1. CTPaHHblH qeJIOBeK He 6e~aJl, a Hikes H3HID;HbIMH CK8Q-
K8MH, eJIe K8caSCb aeMJIH, IIo,lJ;o6HO 6aJIeTHoMY TaH~Opy.
2. TPH TOJICTHK8 XOTeJIH BOCIIHTaTb 3JIorO, meCTOKoro H8-
CJIe,n;HHK8. Era JlRIDHJIR 06m;ecTB8 AeTeii Ii YCTPOHJIH eMY 3Be·
pHHeI.
Ho ,n;eJIO CJIOmHJIOCb He TaR , RBK Toro XOTeJIH TOJICTHKH.
H a CJIe,n;HHK TYTTH npHJIe.iKHO ytlHJlCH, CJIymarr CTpaIIIHbIe
JleTOnHCH 0 r e pOHX H u;apHX ••• HO He CTaHOBHJlCH .meCTOKMM.
• nOHa6ntOAaH, OTnJ.1'"1atOTCSI nJ.1 OTTeHKaMJ.1 3Ha'-leHJ.1S1 cno-
Ba-CJ.1HOHJ.1Mbl 6e)f(an J.1 HiiceSi. npOBepb no TonKOBOMY cnOBaptO•
• nOyeMY He SlBllSitOTCSI CJ.1HOHJ.1MaMJ.1 Cll0Ba 3nOH, )KeeTOKHH J.1 6e3-
AYWHbIH? npOBepb CBOJ.1 BblBOAbl no Cll0BaptO.
96. npOYJ.1TaH clloBapHble CTaTbJ.1 J.13 ({Cll0BapSi CJ.1HOHHMOB
pyccKoro Sl3bIKa». KaKYtO J.1HtPopMau,J.1tO MO>KHO nOllYYJ.1Tb J.13
3Toro clloBapSl? 4TO 03HayatOT nOMeTbl B cK06Kax?
,l(OOPbIH, ,n;06pO,n;YIIIH bIH, 6JlRro,n;YIIIHbIH, ,n;o6pocep,n;e'tlHbIH,
MHr Kocep,n;e'tlHhI:H; MHJIOCTHBbIH (ycTap.).
IIe'l8.JThHo, HeBeCeJlO, Hepa,n;oCTHO, rpyCTHO, cKop6HO, 6ea-
pa,n;OCTHO, 6eaoTpa,n;ao, TOCKJIHBO. roph Ko, .marro6Ho; .mar[QeT-
HO (paor.).
1 CHHOHHMLI - STO CJIOBa O,n;HOH H TOR )Ke qRCTH petJ]1, KOTO-
p hIe 0603HaQruoT O,n;HO Ii TO me, HO MOI'yr OTJI1.ItIaThCH ,n;pyr OT
,n;pyra OTTeHKaMH JIeKCH'tIeCKOrO 3HaqeHHH H ynoTpe6JIeHHeM
B peq H. J(YMamb, MbLc.numb. P aaOcmb, Jl,Ulcoeanue.
CJIOBO *CHHOHHM. npoHcxo,n;HT OT zpett. synonymos - O,n;HO-
HMeHHbIH.
CHHOHHMOB B O,n;HOM pH,n;y MomeT 6bITh ,n;Ba, TpH H 60JIhIIIe.
3aaHHe H HCnOJIh30BaHHe B peqH CJ]OB-CHHOHHMOB nOMora-
eT TOqHee BhIpaaHTh MhICJIh, H36emaTh nOBTopeHHH o,n;Horo H
Toro me CJIOBa.
KaK Tbl 6YAewb onpeAenSlTb, SlBllSltOTCSl llJ.1 cnOBa CJ.1HO-
&l,
97. npO'-lJ.1TaH TeKCTbl . HaHAJ.1 CJ.1HOHJ.1Mbl J.1 onpeAellJ.1, C KaKoH
u,ellbtO nJ.1CaTenJ.1 J.1X J.1CnOnb3ytOT: YT06bl He nOBTopSlTb HeCKonbKO
pa3 OAHO J.1 TO >Ke cnOBO; AIlSl TOHKoro pa3rpaHJ.1'-1eHJ.1S1 OTTeHKOB
CMblcna, 60nee TOYHoro Ha3bIBaHJ.1S1 nOXO>KHX CSOHCTB ; '"IT06bl
HapHCOBaTb cnOBaMJ.1 SlPKYtO KapTJ.1HY, C03AaTb 06pa3• • BblnJ.1WJ.1
CHHOHHMbl H3 Ka>+<AOrO TeKCTa.
1. CHHJIO COJIHII;e, Ba,ll;hIXana CTerrh, 6JIecTeJIR T pasR B 6PHJI-
JIHRHTaX ,n;O.m,ll;H, H aOJIOTOM CBepKana peKa. ~
(M. rOPb/CUU)
2. B BOa,ll;yxe aa,n BepIIIlIHRMlI ,n;epeBhe B peHJIH orpoMBhIe
CTpeK03hI H ,n;pyrHe BaceKOMhIe TaKHX me rHraHTCKHX pa3Me-
•
pOB; H3pe,n;Ka npOHOCHJIHCh IlTepo,naKTHJIH, npeCJIe,ll;OBaBIIIHe
3THX HRceKOMbIX. Ha ceBe pHOH OKpaHHe nOJIHHhI naCJ]OCh
60JIhIIIOe CTa,n;O Hm;epOB.
(ITo BA. 06py.eBY «IT.nymoltuJ<»)
98. nOA6epJ.1 J.1 3anJ.1WJ.1 CHHOHHMbl K AaHHblM cnOBaM. ,QOKa>KH,
'-ITO Tbl 3anHcan HMeHHO CHHOHHMbl • • 4eM OTllH'-IatOTCSI APyr OT
Apyra no 3HaLfeHHtO CJ.1HOHIo1Mbl B Ka>KAOH rpynne?
31. I'pYCTb•••.
MHr, ...
MeTeJIh, ...
Y,n;HBJUIThCH,
H,n;TH, .•.
CMemHOH,
KpaTKO, •..
99. nOA6epH H 3anHWH CHHOHHMbl K pa3HbiM 3Ha~eHHstM MHoro-
3Ha"iHbIX enOB. npoaepb ce6st, nocMoTpH B pa3Aene «nOACKa3KH»
3 KOHu,e YLte6HHKa (Co 205). • 4TO Tbl 3aMentnl KaKOH BblBOA MO)f(-
-10 CAenaTb?
[
(KOHb).•.
Be
("eJIOBeK)•• .
>KHT (BpeMH)•.•
(pY"eH)•••
E
(B3rJIHi)•••
XOJIOiHblH (B03iYX)...
(3HMa)•••
E
(nyx)...
JHirKHH (3aia"a)•..
(xapaKTep)•••
100. nonpo6yii ce6. B ponH nHTepaTypHoro peAaKTopa.
OnpeAenH, KaKHe peL4eSble OWJ.16KH AonYU4eHbl B npep,nO>KeHH-
• stx. LITO Hy>KHO CAenaTb, I.U06bl HX HcnpaSHTb? • 3anHWH npeA-
_ nO>KeHI1J1 B HcnpaeneHHOM BHAe.
1. C 3THM 6e,ll;HbIM qeJIOBeKOM CJIytlHJIaCb 6e,.o;a1• 2. 1I3-
l:8JIH P;OHOCHJIaCh netI8JIhH8.SI necHa H CBORM neqaJIbHhlM MO-
rHBOM H8BeB8.JIa neqaJII:,' . 3. TeMU8H rJIy6HH8 TeMHoro JIeca
nyraJIa nYTHHKOB. KOTophIe B TeMHOTe 60SlJIHCb C6HTbCH C
OYTH. 4. 3a6aBHble paCCK83b1 3a68.BHOrO CTapHKa 3a68.BJIHJlH
ero BHyKOB. 5. 'YTKH 6b1CTPO nepeJleTaJIH C MeCTa aa MeCTO,
DblCTPO MaXaJI CBOHMH 6b1CTPblMH KPblJlbHMH. 6. Cpe,ll;H nyr-
HHBblX mHBOTHblX caMble nyrJIHBble - aTO nyrJIHBaH JIaHh H
nyrJIHBbll1 3aHn;.
CUHOHUMhl
(H3 ,,/tuzu H.B. rOAy6
«MoR. CaAtaR. nepeaR. KHU:HCKa 0 CJW6ax>})
KJIIOleBLle CJlOBa TeMbl:
TOtfHOCTb petfH
CJlOSapb CHHOHHMOB BblpaaUTeJlbHOCTh pelut
1 § 9. AHTOHHMbl
10t. npOLtJ.1TaH OTPblBOK J.13 nOBeCTJ.1 B.n. KaTaeBa «6eneeT
napyc OAJ.1HOKJ.1H» • • 06paTJ.1 BHJ.1MaHJ.1e Ha BblAeneHHble cno-
Ba • • KaK Ha3blBalOTCJI TaKJ.1e napbl cnOB? B LteM J.1X oco6eH-
HOCTb? • KaKYIO ponb J.1rpalOT 3TH cnOBa B AaHHOM TeKCTe?
OCTOPO>KHO. 06eHMH PYKaMH OTKpblBRH TH>Ke. rj-:-,,-..,-::--~
JUde CKpHnY'tlHe ,lI;BepH, IIaBJI H K OTnpaBHJlCSI
B rOCTHHYIO. 9TO 6b1Jlo 60JlLmOe nYTemecTBHe
MaJIeHhKoro MaJIb'tlHKa no nYCTblHHol1 KBapTHpe.
TaM BnoTbMax, HanOJIHHH BCro KOMHaTY CHJIb-
BhIM 38naXOM XBOH, CTOHJIO nOCpe,ll;HHe He'tlTO
rpOM8)l;HOe, cMYTHoe, ,11;0 caMoro napKeTa onyc-
THBmee TeMHble Jlanbl B npOBHcmHX 6YMamHblx n;euHx.
IIpHBbIKHYB K TeMHOTe, IIaBJIHK yBH,lI;eJl B yrJIy CTOJlHK C
nO,ll;apKaMH. IIo,ll;apKH 6hIJIH npeBOCXO,l1;Hble, rOpa3,1l;0 JIyqme,
'tIeM OB mKH,lI;aJI. O,ll;HaKO MaJIb'tl1:lKY SToro nOKa3B.JIOCb MaJlO.
OH nOTHXOHbKY nepeT8lD;HJI 1:13 ,lI;eTCKOB B rOCTHHYIO Bce CBOH
CTaphle HrpymKH, B TOM lIHCJle H 060,ll;paHHYIO Ky,z:J;JIRTKY,
H npHCOe,ll;HHHJI K ROB:bIM. Tenepb HrpymeK 6b1JlO MUoro, KaK
B Mara3HHe• ••
t 02. npOLlHTaH CTaTblO J.13 «3Hu,J.1KnOneAHLteCKOrO CnOBapJl
IOHoro c:pHnonora». liTO Tbl Y>Ke 3Han 06 aHTOHHMax H LtTO Y3Han
HOBoro H3 3TOH CTaTbJ.1? • 3AAaH Bonpoc K Ka>KA0MY a63au,y TeK-
CTa. 3anJ.1wJ.1 CnO>KHbIH nnaH, KOTOPblH Y Te6S1 nonyLtHnCR, CpaBHJ.1
ero C nnaHOM Ha c. 205.
• nOAroToBbcJI AOMa paccKa3blBaTb no 3TOMY nnaHY.
AHTOHHMhl - 3T0 CJIOBa C npoTHBOnOJIOmHhlMH aHalleBHHMH.
CJIOBO caHTOHHMt npOHCXO,ll;HT OT zpe'L. *SHTH-t - npoTHB H
*oHHMat - HMSI: eOpRl{,UU - XOJloihtblU. eope - paiJocmb. epae -
apye, .MaJlO - .MH020, BceziJa - HU1CoziJa, ao - nOCJle.
AaTOHHMhl - aTO JIUmb Te CJIOBa, KOTo phle MoryT 0603Ha-
lI8Tb CTeneHb npH3H8Ka (BanpHMep: muxuit - ZPOM1CUU, Be,11;b
MomHO CKaaaTb: 60Jlee ZPOM1CUU 3BY1C, 60Jlee muxuz'i); npOTH-
BOnOJIO)RHO HanpaBJIeBBble ,lI;eHCTBHSI (nOanUMambcR -
32. onYC1CambCJl.), TOtIKH npOCTp8..HCTBa H BpeMeHH, pacnOJIOjReH-
Hble KaK 6bl Ha pa3HblX nOJIlOcax npOCTpaHCTBeHHOH H Bpe-
MeHHOH mKaJIhI (6epx - nU3, n03ano - pano). eJIOBa, KOTO-
phle 0603HaQalOT KOHKpeTHhIe npe,lJ;MeThI, KaR npaBHJIO, He
HMelOT IiHTOHHMOB (uucarp, 6YMaea, 6apeltbe).
B xy.n;OjReCTBeHHoH JIHTepsType, oc06eHHO B n033HH, aa
aHTOHHMax 6h1Baerr OCHOB8H8 Bhlpa3HTeJIbHSSI cnJIa npOH3Be-
,lJ;eHnH. BOT, HanpHMep, HaQ8JIO OAHoro H3 CTHXOTBopeHHH
M.M. IJ;BeTaeBoii:
IIOJIlO6HJI 60raThlii - 6e/lHYIO,
IIOJII06HJI yqeHhlH - rJIynylO,
IIOJIlO6HJI PYMSlHhlH - 6JIe/lHyIO,
IIOJIlO6HJI xopomHH - Bpe/lHYIO,
30JIOTOH - nOJIymKY* MeAHYIO.
AHTOHHMbI - aTO CJIOB8 OAROH H TOR jRe QaCTI1 pe'tlH C rrpo-
THBonOJIO>KRhIM JIeKCHQeCKHM 3HaqeHHeM. ~o(jpo - 3JlO.
103. np041<1TaH cnoBapHYto CTaTbto 1<13 «CnOBapR aHTOHHMOB
PYCCKoro R3b1Ka» M.P. JlbBoBa • • KaKYto HHcpopMau,I<1to MO>KHO
I<13Bne4b 1<13 3Toro cnOBapR, CYAR no cnOBapHOH CTaTbe?
JIacKa - CTpOrOCTh
JIaCKa B roJIOCe - C1"p01'OCTJ. B roJIOCe. llpoHBJIHTh nacKY -
npoSIBJIHTh cT»Orocn. 0 KTO He MOjReT B3HTh JI8CKOH, TOT He
B03bMeT H CTPOroCTLJO. (A.II. tIexOB. 3anHCHble KHHmKH)
104. Cnl<1WH aHTOHHMbl, crpynm1poBaB HX no 4aCTAM pe41<1.
06'bRCHI<1, 4TO o603Ha4aeT Ka>KAaR napa aHTOHI<1MOB • • BCTaBb
nponyw,eHHble 6YKBbl, 0603Hal.fb opcporpaMMbl Ha MeCTe npo-
nYCKOB.
1) BJIar-'pO,lJ;HbIH - HH_KHH, 6nu_ KuH - A8JIbHHH, BBepx -
BHH_ , B3JI_TaTb - Ca/lHT_CSI, B'l_ pa - 3aBTpa, /lPYlK6a -
Bp_m.n;a, 3aIIL~aTb - Han o.JI:aTh , JI106HM hIH - HeH8.BHC_HblH,
Ha.n;em.n;a - OTlJ._S1HH e , on TaM H3M~: - neccHMH3M*, npH-
6JI lKaTbCSI - YILJISiTbeSi.
;HM H3M I 2) PaCCBeT - 3B.KaT, .n;:eHb - HOllb, npK1IHB - OTJIHB,
~4, t -:CHMH 3M
60
3) PaBHo.n;:ymHblR - OT3h1BtIHBhIH, cKynoR - ID;e.n;phIii, •••
• .nOnlo1WI<1 aHTOHI<1Mbl BO 2-to 1<1 3-to rpynnbl.
iDS. nOA6epl<1 1<1 3anHWH aHTOHHMbl K pa3HbiM 3Hal.feHI<1RM
MHOr 03Hal.fHOrO cnOBa. LITO Tbl 3aMeTHn? KaKOH BblBOA MO>KHO
CAenaTb?
MSlrKHH (eBeT) - ••.
MSlrKHH (xapaKTep) -
MSlrKHH (KapaH/lam) - .••
MSirKHe (BOJlOehl) -
MSirKaSi (6YJlKa) -
eepbe3HhlH ('leJIOBeK) - •.•
eepbe3HhlH (CJIyqaH) - .••
(/lymeBHhlH) nOKOH - .••
(Ha Mope) nOKOH -
THXHH (HpaB) - ...
THxaSi (e3/1a) - •••
THXHH (rOJIoe) - .•.
106. npOI.fl<1TaH 1<1 nepeCKa>KI<1 TeKCT. 06paTI<1 BHIo1MaHI<1e
Ha THn TeKCTa (':tTO 3TO: Onl<1CaHI<1e I<1nH nOBecTBoBaHlo1e?).
B KaKOM CTI<1ne Hanl<1CaH 3TOT cpparMeHT? nonblTaHcR 060CHO-
BaTb CBOto TOI.fKY 3peHI<1R • • HaHAI<1 1<1 nOAl.fepKHI<1 aHTOHI<1Mbl.
nOAYMaH, C KaKoH ~enbto aBTop I<1cnonb3yeT TaKoe KonH4e-
CTBO aHTOHI<1MOB (o6paTH BHI<1MaHHe Ha TI<1n TeKcTa).
MOJIOAOH HID;ep 6hIJI POCTOM BhIme qeJIOBeKB; ero He-
YKJIlOmee TeJIO nOKOHJIOCh aB TOJICThIX H ,Il;JIHHBhIX
2
3a,lJ;BHX
Borax H TOJICTOM, B KOH~e cpa3y YTOHtIaBmeMCH XBOCTe;
nepe,ll;- HHe Horn 6h1JIH KopOTKHe H TOHKHe H HMeJIH no nHTH
naJIb~eB C He60JIbmHMH OCTphlMH KorTSlMH, Tor.n;:a KaK aa
3a,ll;HHX 6bIJIO no TpH naJlb~8 C 60JIbmHMH, HO TynhIMH
KorTHMH. ITo BceMY CKJIa,ll;y TeJIa 6hIJIO O'leBH,lJ;HO, QTO
mHBOTHoe npe,ll;nOQHT8JIO BepTHKaJIbHOe nOJIOjR
o
eHHe
3
ropH-
30HT8JIbHOMY, TaK KaK npH nOCJIe.n;HeM ero 38AHSIH nOJIOBHHa
no.n;HHM8JIaCb 3HRlIHTeJIbHO BhIme nepeAHei1. rOJIOBa 6b1JIa
60JIbmaH, ,Il;OBOJIhHO npoTHBHoro BHAa, C o6BHcmHMH
MHCHCTblMH ry6aMH H M8JIeHhKHMH rJIa3KaMH' 2.. TeJIo 6b1JIO
COBepmeHHO rOJIoe, KaK y JIsrrymKH, a Koma H8 om;yUb TaK8SI
jRe CKOJIb3KaH H XOJIOAHaSl.
(BA. 06py<ee .rrJlymol<uJ<')
33. • BblnJ.1WI1 aHTOHJ.1Mbl, 0603HaYb B cnosax J,13yyeHHble opcpo-
rpaMMbl.
KJllOlIeBLle CJ10na TeML1:
JleKCJ.l1.reCKoe 3H8t.IeHne CJlQB8
BHTOHJ.1Mbl
§ 10. MopljleMa - 3Ha'lHMall '1aCTb (noaa
BcnOMHH BCe I lotTO Tbl 3HaeWb 0 '"IaCHIX CI10Ba. OTSel.faSi Ha
BonpOCbl, nplo1BOAH npHMepbl.
i. CKonbKO acera cy~ecTByeT '"taCTeH Cll0Ba? Ha KaKlo1e rpynnbl
Io1X MO>t<HO pa3Aelllo1Tb?
2. AaH onpeAelleHlo1e 1013BeCTHbiX Te6e '"taCTeH CllOBa.
3. B KaKoH '"taCTIo1 CllOBa 3aKllto'"teHO ero rpaMMaTIo1'"teCKoe 3Ha-
'"teHlo1e? KaKoBbl cpyHKU,Io1H 3TOH '"taCTH clloBa?
4. KaKHe '"taCTIo1 CllOBa BXOART, a KaKlo1e - He BXOART B OCHOBY
Cll0Ba?
S. MO>t<eT nH cnOBO COCTORTb TonbKO 1013 KOpHR? TonbKO 1013
OKOH'"taHIo1R? 1-13 npIo1CTaBKIo1, CYCPcplo1Kca 101 OKOH'"taHIo1R? 1-13 KOpHR
H npIo1CTaBKIo1?
107. npO'"tIo1Tai1 CTHxoTBopeHHe 3.r. 6arpHu,Koro, o6paTIo1 BHHMa-
HHe Ha BblAeneHHble CllOBa. KaK 6bl Tbl HX crpynnlo1poBan? • BblnH-
WH cnOBa rpynnaMH, BblAenH OCHOBY B Ka>t<AOM cnOBe H '"taCTH,
BXOAR~He B COCTaB OCHOBbl • • BblAelll-1 OKOH'"taHHR.
IITHIeJIoB
(B cOKpa..m;eHHH)
TpY,!lBO ,!IeJIO nmuz;eJt06a:
3aY'IH nOBa.zKH nTHQbH,
110MBH speMH nepeJLemOB,
Pa3BhIM nocBucmoM CBucmu.
I
Ho, m8T8HCh no .o;oporaM,
IlOA aa60paMH HOtIySl,
,lJ;HAeJIh aeceJI, )l;H,lJ;eJIh MomeT
llecHH neTh Ii nmul{ ./106umb.
B 6Y3Un€, ChIPOH If KpyrJIOH,
CaJIOneH YA8PHT Ay,n;KOH,
Ha COCHe aBeBIiT CHBHIhI,
Ha 6epeae 3H6JIHK 6beT.
H BbIT8CKliBaeT ,!I;H.l(eJIb
lia KOTOMKH aanone,n;HOH
TPH MaHKa - Ii KamAOH IITHlJ,e
IIocBSlm;aeT OR MaHOK.
,u;yaeT OR B MaHOK 6Y3unnbLU,
H 3BeHHT MaHOR 6Y3HHHbIH, -
1'13 6Y3HHHoro IlpHKphIThH
OTBeqaeT COJIOSeR.
,D;YHeT DB B MaHOK cocn08bLU,
II CBHCTHT MaHQK COCHOBbIH, -
Ha caCHe B OTBeT CHHHll.bI
PaCChIIIalOT 6y6eHIhI.
~f.
t
CpaBHIo1 CBOH onpeAeneHHR '"taCTeH cnOBa C AaHHblMIo1 HIo1>t<e.
LfTO Tbl 3aMeTIo111?
KopeHh, npHCT8BKa, CY<P<PHKC, OKOHttaHHe - 3TO 3H8-
t{HMble tIaCTH CJIOBR, HJIH Mopf)eMhl.
P83,lJ;eJI H3bIK03HaHHH, H3yqarom;HiI MoP<l>eMhI, a83bIBReTCH
MopcfleMHKoii•
34. O c a OBa - :lTO lIaCTb CJIOBa 6ea OKOHT
-I3HHH H ¢lOpMoo6paay-
IOIIHX CY<P<PHKCOB.
I'YCCI<,UU, ,nOCJW8Ulja, ,noex<l,ll~ ,6poco';;;;.
B OCBOBe CJIOBa 3aKJIIOlIeHO ero JIeKCKtIeCKoe aH8QeHHe.
O ROlNaHlle - aTO H3MeHHeMaSl qaCTb CJlOBa, B KOTOPOH 38-
KJIIOtIeHO ero rp8MMaTHlIeCKoe aHaQeHHe. OKOH'lI8.R.He o6paay-
eT <P0PMY CJIOBa I'! CJIYlKHT IIJIH CBH31'! CJIOB B CJIOBOCO'IeTaHl'!l'!
H npe,llJIOJKeHHH . Ocennlezol 8emp im ,
OKO~aHHe CJIOBa MomeT 6bITb aYJIeBbIM, TO eCTb He BbIpa-
meHHbIM 3BYK8.MH. HOllb D , o8oJ-£b D , xopow D.
R opeUL - aTO rJI8BHaSl 3HallHMaSl qaCTb CJlOB8. B Kop ae
38.KJIIO~06~KClflIeCKoe 3HatIeHHe Bcex O,l1;HOKOpeHHhlX
CJIOB. B epi!3a, '6epi!3080Jl (p014o) .
IIpHc TaB Ra - aTO 3H8tIHMaSl tIaCTb CJIOBR, KOTopaH Haxo-
,o;H TCSI nepe,o; KopHeM H CJly.>KHT ,o;JlH 06paaOB8llliSl HOBblX CJlOB .
Bbixooumb, ndxoo.
C y qUi>HKC - STO 3HatIHMaH tr8CTb CJIOBa, KOTopaH Haxo,o;HT-
CSI DOCJIe K OpHH ~6b1qHO)(JIY.>KHT ,o;JISI 06paaOBaHHSI HOBbIX
CJIOB. 40M - ilOMUI< , ilo..ruUje.
cj.N G
nOl.jeMY s onpeAeneHHH cycfJcfJlo1Kca cKa3aHo, l.jTO OH 06t.I'tHO
cnY>KIo1T AnSI o6pa30saHHSI enOB , a He Bce~a? AnSI l.jero
eny>KHT CY,5PcfJHKC -n- B rnaronax ne~, Hrpana, BcxoAHJ1'o,
pa3Mt.lwnJInH? nOl.jeMY OH He SXOAHT B OCHOBY cnosa?
108. np0l.jHTal1 OTpblBKIo1 1013 noseCTH A.n . ral1Aapa «rony6aSl
l.jaWKa». Hal1AH 101 SblnHWH rnaronbl C OAHHaKOSblMH npHCTaSKaMH.
lotTO 0603Hal.jatoT 3TH npHCTaSKH? KaK Tbl AYMaewb, C KaKoH u,enbtO
Hcnonb3yeT aSTop cnOBa C OAJ.1HaKOBbIMH npHcTasKaMH?
1. IIpoRaTHJI Ha BeJIOCHTIe,o;e aarop eJIbIM MRJIb qHllIKa. IIpo-
maraJI, H8BepHOe, B JIec aa r pH68MH TOJICTbIH ,o;,H,o;h Ka C Tpy6-
ROH. IIpOlliJIa' 6 eJIOKyp aH ,o;eBH u;a C MOKPblMH nOCJIe KY0aHHH
BOJIOCaMH . A aH8.KOMblX MhI HHKoro He BCTpeTIIJIH.
2. IIocMeHJIHCb M bl H }1;YMaeM : BOT n O,l1;ye T BeTe p, aaKpy_
mHTCSI, aamymmHT Ham a 6 b1CTpaH Be pTyllIKa. OTO Bcex )1;BO-
p OB I c6erYT CSI K HallieMY ,o;OMy p e 6S1T HlIIKH. By,o;eT H y Hac
TOr,l1;a CBOSI KOMn aHHSI .
• Pa36epH no cocTasy cnosa C npHCTaSKOI1 npo- 1013 nepBoro OT-
pblBKa. • KaKlo1e 1013 3TIo1X Tpex cnos SlBmltOTCSI CIo1HOHHMaMIo1? C Ka-
KO~ u,enbKl Io1X HenoIlb3yeT aBTOp?
109. np0l.jIo1Tal1 OTPblBOK 1013 noseCTH Il.H. ToncToro «AeTcTBo».
C nOMOL4bto KaKIo1X cnOB HapHcosaH nopTpeT «l.jYAecHol1 Aesol.j-
KH»? B l.jeM oc06eHHocTb 3TIo1X cnoB? nOMOratoT nH OHIo1 nlo1caTemo
nepeAaTb l.jyscTBa ero repoSl, HHKoneHbKH VlpTeHbeBa, no OTHowe-
HHtO K ManeHbKOI1 rocTbe? • OnHwH COCTOSlHHe Manbl.jIo1Ka, KaK Tbl
ero nOHSln 101 npeAcTasHn ce6e.
•• .Ma 3aKYTaHHOH oco6b1 BhIIllJla qy,o;eCHaSl ,o;BeH8,ZJ;u;aTHJleT-
BHH ,ll;eBOllKa B KopOTe HhKoM OTKPblTOM KHceiiHoM TIJIaThHu;e,
6eJIblx OaHTaJIOBtrllKa x H KpOlIIeqHbIX qepHblX 6allIMallRax.
Ha 6 e JIeHb ROH llIeHKe 6hIJIa qepHaH 6apxa THa.a: JIeHTOllKa;
rOJIOBKa BCH 6 b1JIa B TeMHo-pYCbIX KY,o;pSlX , KOTophIe cnepe,o;H
TaK XOP OlliO lIIJIH R e e n p e KpaCHOMY JIHlIHKY, a caR,o;H - K
I'OJIblM OJIellHKaM, liTO HHKOMY, ,o;a me caMOMY KapJIY llBaHbI-
qy, H He OOBepHJl 6hI, 'liTO OH H Bh lOTCH TaR OTToro, qTO C yTpa
6 bIJIH 3aBepHYThI B K YCOqKH ((MOCKOBCKH X Be,o;OMOCTeM» H qTO
HX rrpHmHraJIH ropSlqHMH meJIeaHbIMH ID;IITII..l;aMlI. Kaa81IOCb,
OH a TaK II pO,l1;HJIaCh C aTOH Kypq aBOH r OJIOBKoH •
• Bblnlo1WH 1013 TeKCTa cnosa C YMeHbWHTenbHo-naCKaTenbHblMH
cyq:H;tmKcaMH B ABa cTon6lo1Ka . no KaKOMY npH3HaKY Tbl 6YAeWb HX
rpynnHpOBaTb? • BblAenH B Ka>KAOM cn OBe OCHOBY H CycpqJHKC.
110. np0l.jHTal1 TeKCT. CnoBa C KaKHMH KOPHSlMH S HeM nOSTO-
PSltOTCSI? KaK Tbl AYMaeWb nOl.jeMY? • BblnHWH OAHOKopeHHble
cnOBa rpynnaMH , YKa>K1-t 4acTH pe41-t • • Pa36epl-t Bee 3TI-t cnOBa no
COCTaBY·
C An:HKOM HeH HTep eCHO 6 hIJIO !!!:Q..aT~, OOTOMY 'liTO OH Bce
BpeM H n~phIBaJI. H CKa3aJI, liTO 60JIhme He 6Y}1;Y H.!'paTb B
maXMa ThI .
35. - .Krud - CK8aan AnHK. - TbI pemHJI 6POCHTb maXM8TbI?
)1;8 y Te6H BeAb 38.MeQRTeJIbHbIe l,IUlXM8T-Hhle cnoco6HOCTHI TbI
CT8Hemb 3H8MeHHTblM maXM8THCTOM, eCJIR 6y,n;emb rrpO,lJ;OJI-
, - -maTh HI'paTh.
- HHK8KHX Y MeHH cnoco6HOCTeH BeT! - rOBOplO H. - BeAb
SI BOBce He CBORM YMOM 06b!I'j?blB8JI Te6H. BceMY 3TOMY $I H8-
- -)"IHJlCll H3 KHHlKKH.
~
- H3 KaKOH KHH»tKH?
- ECTh TaK8H KHH>KK8 - yqe6HHK maXM8THOH HrYhl. ECJIH
XOllemb, H Te6e ARM nO'llHT8Tb 3TY KHH>KKY, H TbI CT8Hemb
HrpaTb He xyme MeHH.
(H.H. HOCOB «BU17lJl MaAeee 6 ULKoAe U OOM-a»)
• Pa3AenH Ha C110rH H AJ1S1 nepeHoca enOBO 06..lrplt.Ban. KaKHe
npaSHna nepeHoca Hy>t<HO BcnOMHHTb?
111. BCnOMHJ.1, KaKOBbl oco6eHHocTH TeKCTa-noaeCTBoaaHHSI.
nepe....J.1Tai1 onpeAeneHHe B paMKe Ha c. 7. CocTasb H 3anHWH
He6onbwoH TeKCT-noaeCTBoaaHHe. Era reMY nOACKa>KYT nep-
Boe H nocneAHee npeAllO>KeHHst TeKCTa, KOTopble AaHbl HH>Ke.
I.1cnonb3yH AaHHbie rpynnbl cnos C npHcTasKaMH.
B'!epa Moli 6paT npocTYAHJlCH, H yrPOM MaMa He rrycTHJIa em
B lllKOJly.
BOT liTO aHalJHT ,n;pyabHI
1) rrpHlllJlH 2)
rrpH6eJK8JI
npHJIeTeJI
npHMtlaJICH
npHexan
npHHeCJIH
npHT~HJIH
aaweJI
a8eX8.JI
aa6elK8JI
a8CKOqHJIH
3) paCCKaa8JIH
pacCnpOCHJIH
paCCMeWHJIH
• 06bACHH, KaKYIO ponb a TSOeM TeKCTe HrpalOT
rnaronbl C npHcTasKaMH. ECTb nH cpeAH HHX CHHOHHMbl?
66
-
KJrJOQeBble CJr003 TeMbJ:
MoP<l>eMbl JIeKCU"l{eCKOe a HB1.JeRne
aHal.J:J.1Mall lI8CTb CJJOBa TeKCT-nOBeCTBOB8HHe
§ iI. npOBepReMble H HenpOBeplleMble
6e3YAapHbie rnaCHble B KopHe cnOBa
112. npO'"lHTaH TeKCT. KaK Tbl AYMaewb, n04eMY MapTblw-
Ka He nOHstna YAaaa? KaK nposepHTb HanHcaHHe 6YKB, o603Ha-
4alOUJ,HX 6e3YAapHbie rnaCHble 8 KopHe? • KaKYIO 6YKay - 0 HnH
a - HY)f(HO HanHcaTb B cnoae C nponYCKoM? 06bSlCHH.
• Cyw.eCTsyeT nH s PYCCKOM Sl3blKe cnoao, KOTopoe ynoTpe6Hn
YAaa?
- A TBOll 6a6yulKa KaKaH? - CrrpOCHJlS MSpTbliliKS.
- OHa TaKaSl • • • OHa OqeHb XB CTJIHB8H, - CK8a8JI 'Y,lJ;aD,
BI'JISI,l{hIB8HCb B,lI;aJIb.
- XBaCTaeTCSI? - y,ll;HBHJI8Cb MapTbIlIIRa.
- HHqel'O OHa He XBaCTaeTCSI. IIpocTO y Hee XBOCT OqeHb
,n;JIHHHhIH. HOT 3TOl'O OHa XB_ CTJIHBaSl, - 06'bSlCHHJI ¥,n;8B.
(II0 r.B. Ocmepy)
Oplj>orpsMMS .I1p0BepHeMhle 6eaYlapHble rJlSCHble
B RopHe CJIOB8. f-I----,
l..JTo6hI npaBHJIbHO o6oaHaqHTb Ha nHCbMe 6eay,n;apHbIH
I'JIaCHhIH B RopHe CJIOBa, HymBo HaMeHHTb CJIOBO HJIB
no,n;06paTb R HeMY TaROe O.a;HORopeHHoe, B KOTOPOM 3TOT
Geay,n;apHbIH rJIaCHbIH aaxo.a;HTCSI no,lJ; y,n;8peHHeM.
~ , ~ ,/A , ~
3e.MJlJl - 3l:MJlU, /{B/i.mHUI< - /{Bl:m.
OnoaSaB8TeJIbHhIH npH3HaK optporpaMMhI - 6eay,n;apHoe
nOJIOmeHHe I'JI8CHOro.
67