4. § 19. HAKAHYHE OTMEHbl
KPETIOCTHOrO TIPABA
3aAaHHe 1
}'CTaHOBRTe IIpl11!11HHO-CJie,D;CTBeHHbie CB.H311, rrpoBe,D;.H
JIRHRR.
KperrocTaaa aasHCHMOCTb
KpeCTbHB OT UOMe~HKOB
HaeMHbiH Tpy.n;
He MOr UOJI)T'IHTb
UIHpOKOrO
pacnpocTpaaeaHa
TopM03 B paaBHTHH
KaiiHTaJIHCTHqeCKOH
npOMbiUIJieBBOCTH
3aAaHHe 2
CJia6oe paaBHTHe
KaUHTaJIHCTHqeCKHX
OTBOUieBHH
B .n;epeBBe
HeB03MO>KBOCTb
llO,li;BHTb
npOH3BO,li;HTeJibBOCTb
Tpy.n;a B CeJibCKOM
X03HHCTBe
H H3Kaa
noKynaTeJibHaa
cnoco6aocTb
aaceJieBHH
Y3KHH
BBYTpeBBHH
PbiBOK
3anOJIHRTe JIOrRl!eCKyiO u;enOllKY.
A. IIopameHRe PoccRR B KphiMCKOH aoH:He. B. TexHRK0-
3KOHOMRllecKa.a OTCTaJIOCTh PoccRR. B. Yrpo3a rroTep.HTh cTa-
Tyc BeJil•IKOH .n;epmaBhl. r. KpenoCTHOe npaao. ,n;. 0TMeHa
KpenocTHoro npaaa.
3aAaHHe 3
KaKoe o6cTO.HTeJibCTBO cTaJio pemaro~eH: npRl!HHOH, no-
6y.n;HameH: AJieKcaH.n;pa II npoaecTH a 1861 r . KpecTh.HHCKYIO
pe<PopMy:
1*
a) nopamea11e a KpbiMCKOH aoH:He;
6) Tpe6oBaHRe ,ll;BOp.HHCTBa OCB060,D;l1Tb KpeCTb.HH;
B) UllipOKHH pa3Max KpeCTb.HHCKHX BOCCTaHHH?
3
5. 3aJJ;aHHe 4
3anoJIHHTe cxeMy
Xy,ll;omecTBeHHhle
npmmBe,ll;eHHSI,
o6JIH'lalO~He
KpenOCTHOe npaBO
I
3aAaHHe 5
IlpO,li;OJI»<HTe TeKCT.
T aHHbie
o6~ecTBa,
opraHH3ai.J,HH,
BbiCTynaBWHe
3a OTMeHy
KpenOCTHOI'O
npaua
I
3aKOHbi,
DO)J;Ta'lHBaiO~He
YCTOH
KpeUOCTHOI'O
npaua
I
HoBI.mua BuyTpeuueH: rroJIHTHKH B nepBhle ro,ll;hi u;apcTBO-
BaHR.H AJieKCaH,ll;pa II Bblpa)KaJiaCh B CHSITHH MHO»<eCTBa aa-
rrpeTOB:
4
6. § 20. KPECTb.HHCKA.H PE<l»OPMA 1861 r.
3a,z~.aaue 1
Ha.Mepeana A.rreKcaa.D;pa II OTMeHHTb KperrocTaoe rrpaBo
IIO,ll;,ll;epma.rra He3Ha~HTeJibHaa qaCTb IIOMeiD;HKOB, X03$lHCTBa
KOTOPbiX 6hlJIH BTHHYTbi B phlaoqabie OTHomeaHa. B 1855-
1857 rr. OHH BbiCTYIIHJIH C IlpOeKT8.MH OTMeHhl KperrOCTHOrO
rrpaBa, B KOTOpbiX npe,ll;yCMaTpHBaJIHCb pa3JIH~Hbie yCJIOBH$1
OCB060m,ll;eHH$l KpeCTb$lH. llpoqHTaHTe KpaTKOe H3JIOmeHHe
Tpex TaKHX IlpOeKTOB H OIIpe.D;eJIHTe, KaKHe H3 HHX OTpama-
JIH HHTepeCbi:
a) IIOMeiD;HKOB ~epH03eMHOH IIOJIOCbi, r.D;e rrpeo6Jia.D;a.JIO
6apm;HHHOe X03$IHCTBO, paCC~HTaHHOe Ha pbiHOK, H r.D;e 3eM-
JI$l OC06eHHO BbiCOKO IJ;eHHJiaCb
6) IIOMeiiJ;HKOB He~epH03eMHbiX ry6epHHH, r.D;e rrpeo6Jia.D;aJI
o6pOK H 6biJIH pa3BHTbi He3eMJie,ll;eJib~eCKHe KpeCTb$lHCKHe
rrpOMbiCJibi
B) IIOMeii1;HKOB CTeiiHOH IIOJIOCbi, CJia6o 3aCeJieHHOH, C rrpe-
1. A. M. YHKOBCKHH rrpe.n;naraJI ocBo6o.D;HTb KpeCTb$lH c
3eMJieH 6e3 KaKOrO 6hl TO HH 6biJIO • nepeXO,li;HOrO COCT0$1-
HH$1», T. e . cpa3y, HO C B03Harpam,ll;eHHeM IIOMeii1;HKOB KaK
3a 3eMJIIO, rrpe,li;OCTaBJIHeMyiO KpeCTb$lH8.M, TaK H •aa CaMHX
OCB060m.D;aeMbiX KpeCTb$IH».
2. IO. <I>. CaMapHH npe.n;ycMoTpeJI nocTerreHHbiH 10-
12-JieTHHH rrepeBO,ll; KpeCTb$lH 113 KperrOCTHOrO B CB060.D;HOe
COCTO$lHHe. B Te~eHHe 3TOrO BpeMeHH KpeCTbHHe ,li;OJI)KHbi 6hl-
JIH OTpa6aTbiBaTb o6a3aTeJibHYIO 6apii1;HHY B Ka~eCTBe IIJiaTbi
aa npe.n;ocTaBJieaayro HM aeMJIIO.
3. M. n. TioaeH rrpe.D;Jiara.rr JlbBHHYIO ,li;OJIIO 3eMJIH OCTa-
BHTb 3a IIOMeii1;HK8.MH, a KpeCTb$lH Ha,ll;eJIHTb MHHHMa.JlbHbiM
ee KOJIH~eCTBOM H TOJibKO ,li;JI$1 TOrO, ~T06bl KpeCTbHHe He pH-
HYJIHCb B ropO,lJ;, a OCTaJIHCb B .n;epeBHe, TaK KaK IIOMeii1;HKaM
Tpe6oBa.rrHcb pa6o~He PYKH.
3aAaHHe 2
,[(aHTe IIHCbMeHHble OTBeTbi Ha BOIIpOCbi.
1. llo~eMy 6biJIO IlpHH$lTO pemeHHe 06 OCB060m,ll;eHHH
KpeCTb$lH C 3eMJieH?
5
7. 2. IlO"<IeMy 6biJIO npHHHTO pemeHHe OCB060,l(HTb KpeCTbHH
38 BbiKyn?
3aJJ;amte 3
PemHTe 3a.l(a'tly.
,[(0 OTMeHbl KperrOCTHOrO npaBa KpeCTbHHHH TIJI8THJI no-
MeiD;HKY o6poK, paBHbiH 12 py6JIHM. KaKoBa 6y.l(eT BbiKyn-
HaH cyMMa? CKOJibKO KpecTbHHHH .l(OJimeH 3anJiaTHTb noMe-
3aJJ;auue 4
Bbi6epHTe npaBHJibHbiii OTBeT.
1. KaKHe KpecTbHHe C"<~HTaJIHCb BpeMeHHoo6H38BHbiMH:
a) KpeCTbHHe, He 38KJIIO'tJHBillHe BbiKYllHbie C,l(eJIKH CO
CBOHMH IIOMeiD;HK8MH llOCJie 06'bHBJieHHH pe<}>OpMbi;
6) KpeCTbHHe, 38llHC8BillHeCH B H8pO,l(HOe OllOJI'<IeHHe;
B) roCy.l(apCTBeHHbie KpeCTbHHe?
2. BpeMeHH006H38HHbie KpecTbHHe .l(OJimHbi 6hiJIH:
a) IIJI8THTb o6pOK HJIH OT6bJB8Tb 6apm;HHY B TIOJib3Y CBO-
ero 6h1Bmero BJia.l(eJihu;a;
6) 6ecnJiaTHO TPYAHTbCH Ha rocy.l(apcTBO 2 pa3a B He,l(e-
mo;
B) IlpHHHM8Tb Y'tJ8CTHe B o6m;eCTBeHHbiX pa60T8X B CBOeM
ye3.l(e.
3. 'lTO T8KOe 0Tpe3KH:
a) 3eMJIH, KOTOpOH Ha,l(eJIHJIHCb KpeCTbHHe 110 pe<}>OpMe
1861 r.;
6) 3eMJIH, KOTOpyiO OTpe3aJIH y llOMeiD;HKOB B 110Jib3Y
KpeCTbHH;
B) 'tJ8CTb KpeCTbHHCKOrO Ha,l(eJia, OK838Bill8HCH «JIHillHeif»
ITO CpaBHeHHIO C YCT8HOBJieHHOH B 1861 r. HOpMOH?
4. KTo TaKo:H: MHPOBOH nocpe.l(HHK:
a) rrpe,l(CTaBHTeJib llOMeiD;HKOB, Y'tJ8CTBYIOID;HH B pa3pa60T-
Ke KpeCTbHHCKOH pe<}>OpMbi;
6
8. 6) npe,ZJ;CTaBHTeJib KpeCTb.HHCKOH 06ID;HHbl, yqaCTBYlOID;HH
B pa3pemeHHH CIIOpOB Mem,n;y llOMeiD;HKOM H KpeCTb.HHaMH;
a) npe,n;cTaBHTeJib ,n;sop.HHCTsa, npH3BaHHhiH cJie,ZJ;HTh 3a
ocym;eCTBJieHHeM KpeCTb.HHCKOH peQ>opMbi Ha MeCTax?
3a;laBHe 5
Ha ocHose npe,n;cTasJieHHhiX HHme ,n;a.HHhiX c<t>OPMYJIHpyii-
Te H 3aTIHillHTe BbiBO,Zl;bl 0 xapaKTepe KpeCTb.HHCKOH peQ>opMbl.
1. Cpe,n;HHH Ha,n;eJI KpecTh.HHHHa ,n;o peQ>opMhl cocTasmm
4,4 ,n;eC.HTHHbl, IIOCJie peQ>opMbi - 3,6 ,n;eCHTHHbl.
2. B MocKOBCKOH ry6epHHH KpecTbHHCKaH ceMbH a cpe,n;-
HeM ,Zl;OJijKHa 6biJia 3aiiJiaTHTb 3a 3eMJIIO 500 py6JieH. IJpH
3TOM H36a CTOHJia 30-40 py6JieH, JIOIDa,D;b 15- 20 py6JieH.
3. CTOHMOCTb KpeCTh.HHCKo:H: 3eMJIH 6biJia ou;eHeHa a
500 MJIH py6JieH, 3aiiJiaTHJIH me KpeCTbHHe 1,5 MJip,ZJ; py6-
JieH.
3a)la&He 6
MHOI'He KpeCTbHHe He XOTeJIH sepHTb TOMy, "<ITO 6hlJIO Ha-
IIHCaHO a u;apcKOM MaHHQ>ecTe. Cpe,n;H KpecTb.HH IIO.HBJIHJIHCh
JIIO,Zl;H, KOTOpbie y6em,n;aJIH HX B TOM, "<ITO u;apCKHH MaHHcpeCT
IIO,ZJ;MeHeH "<IHHOBHHKaMH, H rrpe,n;Jial'aJIH CBOH TOJIKOBaHHH
3TOI'O ,ZJ;OKyMeHTa. IJpO"<IHTaHTe <<MaHHcpeCT 0 BOJie>>, COCTas-
JieHHhiH KpeCThHHaMH Jie6e,n;HHCKoro ye3,n;a XapbKOBCKOH ry-
6epHHH a anpeJie 1861 r. HarrpoTHB CTaTe:H: KpecThHHCKoro
MaHHcpeCTa 38IIHIDHTe, K8KHe Mepbl 6hlJIH npe,n;yCMOTpeHhl IIO
3THM Up06JieMaM B IIpaBHTeJibCTBeHHOM sapHaHTe.
KpecThHHCKHH MaaH<PecT IJ;apCKHH MaHHtPeCT
CTaThH 2. Pa6oTaTb Ha
6apm;HHe MymHKaM ,n;sa, a
meHIIJ;HHaM O,Zl;HH ,n;eHh c
THI'Jia•••
7
9. IIpoiJoJt:HCettue
KpecTbHHCKHH MB.HHcpecT ll.apCKHH MaHHcpeCT
CTaTb.H 3. Bo BpeM.H maT-
Bbl Ha pa60TY K noMeUJ,H-
KaM He XOAHTb, nyCTb CO-
6HpaeT XJie6 CO CBOHM ce-
MeHCTBOM, qTO C06epeT, TO
H ero, a eCJIH 6yAeT OCTa-
BaThCSI Heco6paHHhiH
XJie6, TO C06paTh MHpOM H
MupoM paaAeJIHThC.H.
CTaTh.H 4. lloAaTeii u no-
BHHHOCTeH n.HTb JieT HH-
KaKHX He nJiaTHTh, rocy-
Aaph npom;aeT.
CTaTb.H 5. lloMem;HK AOJI-
meH naxaTh a a CBOeM
yqaCTKe CaM COXOIO, H ec-
JIH He yMeeT HanpaBHTb
COXH, TO KpeCTb.HHHH, KO-
TOpbiH TYT CJiyqHTC.H, H
naa ero 6yAeT npOCHTb,
AOJimeH aarrpaBHTh, HO He
CMe.HTbC.H.••
CTaTb.H 7. .Ll:BopOBbiM
KamAOMy ceMeHCTBY naH
AOJimeH nOCTpOHTb xaTy C
nocTpoiiKaMH, AaTh JIO-
maAh, KOpOBy, coxy, 6o-
poay, H BCe X03.HHCTBeH-
able IIpHHap;JiemHOCTH, H
no 100 py6. cep. Ha Kam-
AOro, a 6yAe cero He He-
nOJIHHT, To Bee ero uMy-
m;ecTBO H nocTpoiiKH npo-
AaTh H pa3AaTb Ha MHp.
8
10. llpoaoJIJICenue
KpeCTbHHCKHH MaHH~CT IJ;apCKHH MaBH~CT
CTaThH 8. IloMe~HKY oc-
TaeTCH 3eMJIH rraxOTHbiR
yqacTOK Ha ero ceMhlO Ta-
KOR me, KaK H M Y:>KHKy, a
6oJihme HH<Jero.
§ 21-22. JIHBEPAJibHbiE PE<IJOPMbl
60-70-x rr.
3a.AaHHe 1
Bbi6epHTe rrpaBHJihHhi R OTBeT.
1. 3eMCKHe y-qpem,n:eHHH C03,ll;aBaJIHCb:
a ) B ry6epHHHX H ye3,n:ax; 6 ) TOJibKO B ye3,n:ax; B ) TOJibKO
B BOJIOCTHX.
2. 3eMCTBa ,ll;OJI:>KHbl 6hiJIH :
a ) OCy~eCTBJIHTb IIOJIHTH'leCKYlO BJiaCTb Ha MeCTax;
6) KOHTpOJIHpOBaTb ,n:eHTeJihHOCTb rocy,n:apCTBeHHbiX 'IHHOB-
HHKOB; B ) 3aHHMaTbCSI BOIIpOCaMH MeCTHOrO CaMoyrrpaBJie-
HHH, 6JiaroycTpORCTBa, Me,ll;HII;HHbi, o6pa30BaHHH.
3. MaTepHaJihHOR ocHosoH: ,n:eHTeJibHOCTH 3eMCTB 6bi JIH:
a) rocy.n;apcTBeHHhi e acc:arHoBaHHH; 6) crrerr;HaJihHhi R Ha-
Jior Ha He,ll;BH:>KHMOe HMy~eCTBO ; B ) B3H0Cbl 'IJieHOB 3eMCKHX
co6p aHHR.
3a.AaHHe 2
IIpose,n::aTe JIHHHH B cxeMax.
1.
3eMCKHe
co6paBHH
PacnopHJJ;HTeJI&Hbie
opraH&I
3eMCKHe
ynpaBbi
IIpeJJ;BOJJ;HTeJib
,IJ;BOpSIHCTB8
HcnoJIBHTeJibHble
opraHw
ropOJJ;CKHe
JJ;YMb!
ropOJJ;CKHe
ynpaBbi
ropOJJ;CKOH
rOJIOB8
9
11. 2.
Yea~ooe 3eMcKoe co6paoHe
~yxoaeocTBO II Mem;aoe
3a~aRHe 3
IIpoBe~HTe JIHHHH B cxeMe.
Boenna.R- pecpop.Ma
CyxorryTBhie BOHCKa
yCpoK ~e:HcTBHTeJihooH: cJiym6hl
BpeMR oaxom~eHHSI B 3anace
BpeMSI oaxo:m~eBHSI a aanace
3~aRHe4
3arrOJIHHTe Ta6JIHII,y
Cyoe6naR pecjJop.Ma
I
I 3 ro~a
I 9 JieT
I 10 JieT
I 7 JieT
I 15 JieT
I I 6 JieT
OcooBHhle rrpHB~HIIhi Hx peaJIHaan;HR
6ypmya3ooro rrpaBa B cy~e6oo:H pe<}>opMe
He3aBHCHMOCTh cy~a
Bhr6opoocTh cy~a
10
12. IIpoooJL:J/Cenue
OcaOBHhie rrpHHD;J.mbr Hx pea.nHaan_Hn
6ypmyaaaor o rrpaBa B cyAe6aoH. pe<t>opMe
rJiaCHOCTb CYA8
CocTH3aTeJibHOCTb
06BHHeHHH H 3aiJJ;HTbl
PaBeHCTBO Bcex COCJIOBHH
rrepeA 3aKOHOM
3a~aHHe 5
3anOJIHHTe rrporryCKH B TeKCTe.
CorJiaCHO << Y CTaBy 0 BOHHCKOH IIOBHHHOCTH>>, KOTOpbiH
6biJI YTBepm,D;eH B I'O,D;Y, OT ,D;eHCTBHTeJibHOH BOeH-
HOH CJiym6bi OCB060m,D;aJIHCb B rrepByiO oqepe,D;b ITO ceMeHHO-
MY IIOJIOmeHHIO:
KpoMe TOI'O, OT BOHHCKOH IIOBHHHOCTH OCB060m,D;aJIHCb:
11
13. CpoK ~eHCTBHTenhHOH aoeHHOH cnym6w 3aaqnTenhHO
COKpa~anCSI B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT o6pa30BaTeRbHOrO D;eH3a:
3a.AaHHe 6
O~na H3 peaoniOD;HOHHhiX ~eaTene:H 0 . AnTeKMaH TaR xa-
paKTepn3oaa.n rronHTHKY ArreKcaa~pa II B 70-e rr.:
~XapaKTepHa KpaHHSISI HeHCKpeHHOCTb BCeH BHyTpeHHeH
IIORHTHKH rrpaBHTeRbCTBa: aeqHhle maTaHHSI H KOne6aHHSI, -
o~HaKo c ocaoaHo:H Tea~ean;ne:H - K ... MpaKo6ecniO. K KOH-
n;y 70-x ro~OB <<BeRHKHe pe<t>opMbl•> - KpeCTbSIHCK8SI, 3eMC-
KaSI, Cy~e6HaSI H rrpoq, - OKa3a.JIHCb ~0 TOrO HCKa.JieqeHHbi-
MH H ype3aHHbiMH.•• qTQ B HHX «RH6epa.JibHOrO•> H O~HOrO
rpaHa He OCTa.JIOCbI> •
1. CornacHbi nn Bhl c rro~o6Ho:H on;eHKo:H:
a) ~a; 6) BeT; a) qacTnqao cornacea?
2. IJpHBe~HTe <l>aKThl KOHCepBaTHBHOrO HaCTyrrneHHSI Ha
pe<Pop Mw.
KpecTb.R:HCKa.R: pe<PopMa
PeQ>opMa cpe~aero
o6pa30BaHHSI
YHHBepCHTeTCKa.R:
peQ>opMa
3eMcKaa pe<PopMa
12
14. 3a.a;aune 7
0TMeTbTe Te H3 nepeqHCJieHHhiX HHme YTBepm,leHHH, KO-
TOpbie He COOTBeTCTBYIOT HCTOpHqeCKOH ,leHCTBHTeJibHOCTH:
a) 19 Hosr6pH 1864 r. 6hiJI yTaepm,leH «YcTaa r:HMHa3HH
H rrporHMH83HH», KOTOpbiH BBO,lHJI IIPHHD;HII $OpMaJibHOrO
paBeHCTBa B cpe,lHeM o6pa30BaHHH ,lJIH JIIO,leH BCeX COCJIOBHH
H aepOHCIIOBe,l8HHH.
6) C n;eJibiO peaJIH38n;HH ,laHHOrO IlpHHD;HIIa 6biJI8 JIHKBH-
AHPOBaHa IIJiaTa 3a o6yqeHHe a cpe,lHHX yqe6HhiX 3aBeAeHHHX.
a) ITo ycTaay 1864 r. rrpemHHe rHMH83HH pa3AeJIHJIHCh Ha
KJiacc~ecKHe H peaJibHhie.
r) 0KOII'IHBIDHe KJI8CCHqecKHe rHMH83HH IIO;rytiHJIH rrpa-
BO IIOCTyiiaTb B YHHBepCHTeThi 6e3 3K3aMeHOB.
A) YCTaB 1864 r . BBO,lHJI COBMeCTHOe o6yqeHHe IOHOmeH
H ,leBymeK B peaJibHbiX rHMH83HSIX.
§ 23. COIJ;HAJibH0-3KOHOMIPIECKOE
PA3BHTHE IIOCJIE OTMEHbl
KPEIIOCTHOrO IIPABA
3aJJ;aune 1
3aiiHIDHTe OTBeTbl H8 BOIIpOCbl.
1. IloqeMy, HeCMOTPH Ha TO qTo no pe<t>opMe 1861 r. rro-
Meiii;HKaM IIOJiaraJIHCb 3HaqHTeJibHhle ,leHeiKHbie BbiiiJI8Thi,
OHH TaK H He rrepecTpOHJIH CBOH X03HHCTB8 Ha KaiiHTaJIHCTH-
qeCKHH Jia,l?
2. KaKyro poJih a rrope<t>opMeHHOM ceJibCKOM xo3HHCTBe
HrpaJia apeH,la 3eMJIH? IloqeMy B TOr,laiDHHX pOCCHHCKHX yc-
JIOBHSIX ee HeJib3H paCCM8TpHBaTb KaK Mepy KaiiHT8JIHCTHqe-
CKOrO nepeycTpOHCTBa CeJihCKOrO X03HHCTBa?
13
15. 3a.z:.auue 2
Ilp08H8JIH3Hpyihe ~aHHhie Ta6JIHIJ,hl H 3aTIHillHTe KpaTKHe
BhlBO~hi.
BbtnJtaBICa 11.yzyHa Ha ypaJLbC1Cux 3aeoi:Jax 6 mbtC. nyi:Joe
1860 r. 14 500
1861 r. 14 200
1862 r. 10 400
1863 r. 11 400
1867 r . 12 400
3a,ll;aone 3
3aiiHII.IHTe OTBeThi H8 BOIIpOChl.
1. Ilo"t.J:eMy 3KOHOMH"t.J:eCKHe pecpopMhi B CTpaae H8"ti8JIHCh
C peopraHH381J,HH 6aHKOBCKOM CHCTeMhi?
2. IlO"t.J:eMy B YCT8Be rocy~apCTBeHHOrO 6aHK8 CO~ep.ma
JIHCh CT8ThH, IIO KOTOpbiM OCHOBHOM H peaepBHhiM K8IIHTaJI,
a T8K.me ~eHhrH BKJI~"tJ:HKOB He MOrJIH 6biTh HCIIOJih30B8Hhi
rocy~apcTBeHHOM K83Hoil:?
14
16. 3a,n;auue 4
IlpO'IHTa}iTe .D;OKyMeHTbl H 3aTIHillHTe OTBeTbl Ha BOllpOCbl.
H3 eocno.M.unanuu KH-Jl.3Jl. B. Me14epcKozo
• (MHHHCTepCTBO nyreH C006~eHHH] npe,D;CTaBJIHJIO rnas-
HhiH nyHKT, r,a;e TOr,a;a COCpe,a;OTa'IHBaJiaCb BCH BaKXaHaJIHH
.mene3HO.a;opo.mHoii ropH'IKH so seeM ee pa3rape. Tor.a;a y.me
npOH3HOCHJIHCb HMeHa .>KeJie3HO,D;OpO.>KHbiX MOHTeKpHCTO -
B'Iepa HH~HX, a cerO,D;HH MHJIJIHOHepos. HHKTO He MOr no-
HHTb, llO'IeMy TaK:n:e JIIO.D;H, KaK MeKK, ,[(epBH3, ry60HHH,
BamMaKos H npo'I., KOTOphie He RMenH, so-nepshlx, HH rpo-
ma ,a;eHer, a BO-BTOpbiX, HHKaKHX HH.>KeHepHbiX ll03HaHHH,
6paJIHCb 3a KOHIJ;eCCHH KaK HH B 'IeM He 6biBaJIO H B ,D;Ba-TpH
ro,a;a ,D;eJiaJIHCh MHJIJIHOHepaMH>>.
H3 aneenuKa u3eecmnozo ny6.nu4ucma A. Cyeopuna
<<0 KoHn;eccHHX B3AhiXaJIH KaK o MaHHe He6ecHoii. CrrHT,
CllHT B CBOeH .D;bipe KaKOH-HH6y,D;h npe,a;rrpHHHMaTeJih, .ma.m-
AYIIJ;HH He CTOJibKO rrpH3HaTeJihHOCTH CBOHX rpa.m,a;aH, CKOJib-
KO KaTIHTaJIOB, H s,a;pyr IlpOCHeTCH CO C'IaCTJIHBOH MbiCJibiO:
«Ba! - BOCKJIHIJ;aeT OH, y,a;apHH ce6H no n6y, 3a llOKpbllliKOH
KOTOporo HHKOr,a;a HH O.D;HOH H,ZJ;eli He TaHJIOCh, - qero .me H
AYMaiO? ,[(opora H3 BonsaacKa s ,[(ypHOBKY HMeeT rocy.a;ap-
CTBeHaoe 3Ha'IeH:n:e. TyT - rrpoMhimneHHOCTh, H CTpaTerHH,
H • •• "'IepT 3HaeT e~e "l!TOI>>
1. 0 KaKOM nepHo,a;e s pa3BHTHH poccHHCKOH aKOHOMHKH
H.D;eT pe"'Ih s ,a;oKyMeHTax? 2. "tJTo TaKoe KoHn;eccHH? 3. Ka-
Kosa 6biJia pOJib rocy,a;apCTBa B B03HHKHOBeHHH <<.>KeJie3HO,D;O-
pO.>KHOH ropH"l!KH•>? 4. KaKoshi nocne,a;CTBHH 6ypHoro .mene3-
ao.a;opo.mHoro CTpO:n:TeJibCTBa?
3a.n;auue 5
Ha KapTe aa c. 16 OTMeThTe paiioHhi Ha.MBhicmero pa3sn:-
THH npOMhimneHHOro npoH3BO.D;CTBa s 60-70-e rr. XIX s.
15
18. ITpH.n;yMa.HTe CBOIO JiereH.n;y K KapTe (T. e. 3Ha'IKH H u;BeT,
KOTOphiMH Bhl 6y.n;eTe 0603H8'IaTb pa3BHTHe TeX HJIH HHhiX
OTpacJieH IIpOMhlillJieHHOrO IIpOH3BO,D;CTBa).
3aJJ;aHne 6
B KOHn;e 60-x - Ha'IaJie 70-x rr. 6&IJIH BBe.n;eHhi B CTpoH:
BamH&Ie meJie3Ho.n;opomH&Ie JIHHHH: MocKBa- KypcK,
KypcK- KHeB, KypcK- XaphKOB, XapbKOB- O .n;ecca, Xapb-
KOB- PocTOB, MocKBa- HpocJiaBJib, HpocnaBJib-BoJior.n;a,
MocKBa-T aM6oB, TaM6oB-CapaTOB, MocKBa- BpecT,
BpecT- KHeB. 0TMeT&Te 3TH JIHHHH Ha KapTe Hac. 16 H .n;a.H-
Te IIHCbMeHHbiH OTBeT Ha BOIIp oc: KaKOBhl 3KOHOMH'IeCKHe
pe3yJibT8Thl CTp OHTeJibCTBa 3TH X meJie3HhiX ,D;Opor?
§ 24. OB~ECTBEHHOE ,ll;BlDKEHHE:
JIHBEPAJILI H KOHCEPBATOPLI
3aJJ;aHHe 1
0TMeTbTe Tpe60B8HH.H, Bbi,D;BHraBmHeC.H pOCCHHCKHMH JIH-
6epaJI8MH B cepe.n;HHe 50-x - Haqa.n:e 60-x rr.:
a) CB06o.n;a COBeCTH, BbipameHH.H 06~eCTBeHHOrO MHeHH.H,
KHHrone'IaTaHH.H;
6) OTMeHa KpenOCTHOrO npaBa;
B) ycTaHOBJieHHe pecny6JIHK8HCKOrO IlpaBJieHH.H;
r) ny6JIH'IHOCTh BCeX npaBHTeJibCTBeHHbiX ,D;eMCTBHH;
,D;) ny6JIH'IHOCTh H rJiaCHOCTb cy.n;a;
e) BBe,D;eHHe KOHCTHTyrJ;HOHHOrO npaBJieHH.H.
3aJJ;aHHe 2
,[l;aHTe IIHCbMeHHbiH OTBeT Ha CJie,D;yiO~He BOIIpOChi:
1. KaKoe Tpe6oBa HHe JIH6epaJihi y6paJIH H3 cBoe:i:i nonH-
TH'IeCKOM nporpaMMbi?
2. l1o'IeMy 6biJIO CH.HTO 3TO IIpHHD;HIIHaJibHOe Tpe60BaHHe?
3aJJ;anHe 3
B 1862 r. Ha HM.H ArreKcaH,D;pa II nocTynHJI .n;oKyMeHT, B
KOTOpOM, B 'IaCTHOCTH, rOBOpHJIOCh:
2 - .UB11HJJ08 8 KJI, P. T .. lf. 2 17
19. BMeCTO ,n;e:H:cTBHTeJibHOro oc~eCTBJieHHH o6em;aaao:H: aa-
MH pyCCKOMY Hapo,n;y BOJIH BaDIH CaHOBHHKH H306peJIH Bpe-
MeHH006H3aHHOe llOJIO)KeHHe, HeBbiHOCHMOe KaK ,D;JIH KpeCTb-
HH, TaK H ,D;JIH noMeiD;HKOB. BMecTo o,n;aoapeMeHHoro H o6H-
3aTeJihHoro 06pam;eHHH KpeCThHH B CB060p;HbiX n03eMeJibHbiX
C06CTBeHHHKOB BamH CaHOBHHKH H306peJIH CHCTeMy ,n;o6po-
BOJlbHbiX COrJiarueHHH, KOTOpbie rp03HT p;OBeCTH ,11;0 Kpaif:He-
ro pa30peHHH H KpeCTbHH, H noMeiD;HKOB. 0HH HaXO,D;HT He-
06XOp;HMbiM COXpaHeHHe ABOp.HHCKHX npHBHJierHH, TOr,n;a KaK
Mbl••• menaeM HX OTMeHbi. . . Mb! yaepeabl, "<ITO ace npeo6pa-
30BaHHH OCTaHYTCH 6e3ycnemHbiMH, nOTOMy "<ITO npe,n;npHHH-
MaiOTCH 6e3 cnpoca H ae,n;oMa napop;a.
Co6paaHe Bhi6opHbiX acen 3eMJIH pyccKo:H: npe,n;cTaBnHeT
e,n;HHCTBenaoe cpe,n;cTBO K yp;oaneTBOPHTeJibHOMY pa3peme-
HHIO BOnpOCOB, B036ymp;eHHbiX, HO He pa3pemeHHbiX <<llOJIO-
)KeHHeM 19 $eBpaJIH•.
KTo 6hiJI aBTopoM aToro ,n;oKyMeHTa:
a) A. H. repu;ea; 6) TBepcKoe ABOPHHCTBO; B) K. ,n;. Ka-
BeJIHH H B. H. llH"<IepHH?
3MaHHe 4
Bbi6epHTe npaBMJibHbiH OTBeT.
1. IlpH"<IHHOH paaphlaa Mem,n;y K. ,D;. KaaeJIHHhiM H
B. H. llH"<IepHHbiM CTaJIH pa3HOrJiaCHH:
a) no noaop;y ,n;eHCTBHH npaBHTeJibCTBa B OTHOmeHHH
cTyp;eH"<~eCKHX 6ecnopHp;Koa; 6) a ou;eHKe TaepcKoro a,n;peca
1862 r.; B) B OD;eHKe KpeCTbHHCKOH pe$opMb1.
2. KHH3b rr. A. KponOTKHH nHCaJI B «3aiiHCKax peBOJIIO-
D;HOHepa>>:
<•B HHBape 1863 rop;a llonhma aoccTana npoTHB pyccKo-
ro ana,n;bl"<~eCTBa ••• HHKor,n;a paHbme noJihCKOMY ,n;eJiy TaK
MHoro He co"<IyBCTBOBaJIH a PoccHH, KaK Tor,n;a... Ho BOT cpe-
,n;H o6m;ero B036ymp;eHHH pacnpOCTpaHHJIOCb H3BeCTHe, "<ITO B
HO"<Ib Ha 10 HHBapH fiOBCTaHD;bi HanaJIH Ha COJI,D;aT, KBapTH-
poBaBillHX no ,n;epeBHHM, H nepepe3aJIH COHHbiX..• KpoMe TO-
ro, HanoJieoH III H AHrJIHH CTaJIH yrpomaTb PoccHH Hoao:H:
BOHHOH H aTa nycTaH yrpo3a rrpHHecJia noJIHKaM 6oJibme ape-
,n;a, "<JeM BCe OCTaJibHb!e npH"<IHHhi, BMeCTe B3HTbie».
KaK OTpa3HJIHCb 3TH C06b1THH Ha COCTOHHHH o6m;eCTBeH-
HOrO ,n;a~rmeHHH B PoccHH:
a) rrpOM30illJIO 06'be,D;HHeHHe JIH6epaJibHOrO ,D;BH)KeHHH
BOKpyr Tpe6oBaHHH npep;OCTaBJieHHH llOJibillH He3aBHCH-
MOCTH;
18
20. 6) IIpOH30illeJI paCKOJI JIH6epaJibHOI'O .D;BH)KeHHR, qaCTb
JIH6epaJIOB rrepemna Ha HaD;HOHaJIHCTHqeCKHe H KOHCepBa-
THBHbie II03HD;HH;
B) JIH6epaJihl-3arra,n;HHKH OTKa3aJIHCb OT CBOeH OpHeHTa-
D;HH aa aana,n;HbiH rryTb paaBHTHR PoccHH?
3a.nanJte 5
Onpe.n;enHTe, KaK:ae qepThl 6biJIH xapaKTepHhl .n;nR aeMc-
Koro .D;BHmeHHR KOHD;a 70-x rr.:
a) Kypc Ha COTpy.D;HHqeCTBO C npaBHTeJibCTBOM;
6) aKTHBH3aD;HR IIO,n;aqH a,n;peCOB C Tpe60BaHHRMH pacmH-
peHHR CBOHX npaB;
B) IIOIIbiTKH YCTaHOBJieHH.R KOHTaKTOB C peBOJIIOD;HOHepa-
MH;
I') IIOIIbiTKH 06'be,li;HHHTb JIH6epaJibHhie CHJlbi;
,n;) OTKa3 OT IIOJIHTH"t!eCKHX Tpe60BaHHH.
3~aHHC 6
BI>I6epHTe rrpaBHJihHhlH OTBeT.
1. <I>. H. TroTlJeB rrocBRTRJI 3HaMeHHToe qeTBepocTHm:ae:
H~ PoccHeH pacnpocTepTOH
BCTBJI BHe3aJIHOIO rp030H
lleTp no np03BH~Y qeTBepTbiH,
ApaK<Jees me BTopoH.
a) M. H . KaTKOBy;
6) M. T. JiopHc-MenHKoBy;
B) IT. A. IllyBanoBy.
2. B nepHo.n; npoBe.n;eHHR pecpopM «CBepxy>> KOHcepBaTo-
pbi ClJHTaJIH CBOHMH I'JiaBHbiMH 3a,n;aqaMH (B03MO)KHbl He-
CKOJibKO BapHaHTOB OTBeTa):
a) copBaTh nro6wMH crroco6aMH rrpoBe.n;eaHe pe<PopM;
6) OI'pa.D;HTb HMIIepaTOpa OT BJIHRHHR JIH6epaJibHbiX lJH-
HOBHHKOB;
B) CKOppeKTHpOBaTb pe<PopMhl B HHTepecax IIOMell.l;HKOB;
r) <l>H3HqeCKH ycTpaHHTb HMIIepaTopa-pe<PopMaTOpa.
3. H.n;eonoroM KoacepBaTH3Ma cTan o.n;HH H3 6wBmHx nn-
6epaJibHbiX o6w;ecTBeHHhlX .n;eRTene:H.:
a) M. H . KaTKOB;
6) A. M. YHKOBCKHH;
B) B. H. -q:HllepHH.
2* 19
21. 3anaHHe 7
.IJ:aihe llHCbMeHHbiH OTBeT Ha BOIIpOC.
KaK Bhi MomeTe o6'hHCHHTh TOT cpaKT, 'ITO Bonpoc o BBe-
,ZJ;eHHH B PoccHH Hatia.n: rrpe,lJ;CTaBHTeJihHoro rrpaBJieHHH 6hiJI
rrocTaBJieH B 70-x rr. KOHcepBaTopaMH II. A. Ba.n:yeBhiM H
II. A. IllyBa.JIOBbiM?
§ 25. 3APOm,ZJ;EHIIE PEBOJIIOD;IIOHHOrO
HAPO,li;HII'liECTBA II ErO II,li;EOJIOrH.H
3anauue 1
IIpo,ZJ;oJimHTe cppa3hl.
IIpH"<IHHaMH pocTa peBOJIIOD;HOHHoro ,li;BHmeHHH B 60-e rr.
6hiJIH:
IIpoTHBopetiHBOCTh caMoi1: KpeCThHHCKOH pecpopMbi ___
PeaKD;HH KpeCThHH
HerrocJie,ZJ;oBaTeJihHOCTh
3a,ll;aHHe 2
21 HIOHH 1863 r. n;eH3op B. BeKeTOB coo6~HJI H. A. HeK-
pacoBy: <• •..H MepTB ,ZJ;JIH Bamero <•CoBpeMeHHHKa>> H ,ZJ;JIH
cJiym6hr. Mue BeJieuo rro,ZJ;aTh B OTCTaBKY>>. KaKoe co6biTHe
20
22. CTaJIO IIplfliiiHOH OTCTaBKR D;eH30pa, KypllpOBaBmero m.ypHaJI
<<COBpeMeHHHK>>:
a) IIOMe~eHHe B mypHaJie IIpOKJiaMaD;IIII «BapCKIIM
KpeCTb.RHaM OT HX ,lJ;06pom.eJiaTeJieH IIOKJIOH>>;
6) rroMe~eHIIe B mypHaJie «BceiiOAAaHHeH:mero aApeca»
TBepCKOrO ABOp.RHCTBa;
B) noMe~eHIIe B mypHaJie pOMaHa H . r. lJepHbiWeBCKOro
«lJTO ,lJ;eJiaTb?»?
3aJ);anue 3
IlpOl!IITaHTe JJ:OKyMeHT H ,lJ;aHTe IIIICbMeHHbie OTBeTbi Ha
BOIIPOCbi.
H 3 pa6ombt H. r . q epHbtUJ.eBC/COZO
<<C.!taBRHO{jJUJtbt U Bonpoc 06 06l.l{UHe>>
<<06ecrreqeHHe qaCTHbiX rrpaB OT,lJ;eJibHOH JIIIlJHOCTII 6hiJIO
cy~eCTBeHHbiM CO,lJ;epm.aHIIeM aana,lJ;HOeBpOIIeHCKOH IICTOpHH
B IIOCJie,lJ;HHe CTOJieTII.R.• • H o, KaK BC.RKOe O,lJ;HOCTOpOHHee
CTpeMJieHIIe, II 3TOT ll,lJ;eaJI HCKJIIOlJHTeJibHbiX npaB OT,lJ;eJibHO-
ro JIIID;a HMeeT CBOII HeBhirO,lJ;bl••• 0T,lJ;eJibHbiH qeJIOBeK, CTaB-
WII HeaaBIICHMbiM, ocTaBJieH 6ecrroMo~HhiM. BearpauHqHoe
correpHH'<~eCTBO OTAaJio cJia6hiX Ha mepTBY CHJihHhiM, TPYA Ha
mepTBY KaiiHTaJiy•• •
Heo6xOAIIMO AOJim.Hhi 6biJI:H SIBHTbCSI HOBbie CTpeMJieHHSI,
KOTOpbiMH OTCTpaH.RJIHCb 6hl HeBbirOJJ:bi rrpem.Hero OJJ:HOCTO-
pOHHero ll,lJ;eaJia. ITocJie IIOH.RTII.R o rrpaBax OTAeJibHOH JIHq-
HOCTH B03HMKJia ll,lJ;e.R 0 COJ03e II 6paTCTBe Mem.,lJ;y JIIO,lJ;bMII:
JIIO,lJ;II AOJI)I(.Hbl COe,lJ;HHIITbC.R B o6~eCTBa, MMeiO~Me 06~HH
HHTepec••• B aeMJieAeJIHII 6paTCTBO aTo AOJim.Ho Bbipa311ThC.R
rrepeXO,lJ;OM 3eMJIII B 06~11HHOe IIOJib30BaHMe, B IIpOMbiWJieH-
HOCTII - nepeXO,lJ;OM <Pa6plll!HbiX M 3aBOACKMX npe,lJ;IIpii.RTIIH
B 06~11HHOe AOCTO.RHMe KOMIIaHIIM BCeX pa60TaiO~MX Ha 3TOH
<Pa6pMKe, Ha 3TOM 3aBO,lJ;e••.
9TO HOBOe CTpeMJieHMe K COI03HOMY IIpOH3BO,lJ;CTBY II IIO-
Tpe6JieHHIO .RBJI.ReTC.R ecTeCTBeHHhiM IIPOAOJimeHIIeM, pacmH-
peHIIeM, JJ:OIIOJIHeHIIeM rrpem.H ero CTpeMJieHII.R K o6ecrreqeHHIO
qacTHhiX rrpaB OTAeJihHOH JilllJHOCTH•••
IJop.R,lJ;OK ,lJ;eJI, K KOTOpOMY CTOJib TPYAHbiM II AOJiriiM rry-
TeM CTpeMHTC.R Teiiepb 3aiiaA, e~e cy~eCTByeT y HaC B MO-
ry~eCTBeHHOM HapOJJ:HOM o6hll!ae Hamero ceJibCKoro 6hiTa .
Cy~eCTBOBaJI HeKOrAa oH M Ha 3arraAe•.• HO yTpaqeH TaM OA-
HocTopoHHIIM CTpeMJieHIIeM K IIOJIHOBJiaCTHOH C06CTBeHHOCTM
OT,lJ;eJibHOrO JIIID;a•• . IJpMMep 3 aiiaAa He ,lJ;OJI)KeH 6hiTb IIOTe-
p.RH AJI.R Hac. Bonpoc o aeMJie,lJ;eJibl!eCKOM 6biTe - BamHei1-
21
23. nndi ,n;Jui PoccHH, KOTopaR oqenh .n;onro ocTaHeTCR rocy.n;ap-
CTBOM IIO npeHMym;eCTBY 3eMJie,D;eJihqecKHM•••
...,II;a He ,n;ep3HeM Mbl IIOCRI'HYTb Ha 06ID;HHHOe IIOJih30Ba-
HHe 3eMJIRMH - Ha TO 6Jiaro, OT IlpH06peTeHHR KOTOpOI'O Te-
nepb 3aBHCHT 6Jiai'O,D;eHCTBHe 3eMJie,n;eJihqeCKHX KJiaCCOB 3a-
na,n;HOH EBponhi. llx npHMep .n;a 6y,n;eT HaM ypoKOM» .
1. "lJTO CqHTaeT "tJepHbiiiieBCKHH I'JiaBHbiM co,n;ep.maHHeM
aana,n;HoeBponeH:cKoH: HCTOPHH? 2. KaK OH o:u;eHHBaeT ee pe-
ayJihTaTbi? 3. B KaKOM HanpaBJieHHH, cqHTaeT "t!epHhlmeB-
cKHH:, 6y,n;yT paaBHBaTbCSI co6hiTHR .n;anhme? 4. B qeM, no
MHeHHIO "t!epHhimeBcKoro, cocTOHT npeHMym;ecTBO PoccHH
nepe.n; 3ana,n;oM?
3a.n;anHe 4
Bhi6epHTe npaBHJihHbiH: OTBeT.
1. TaH:HaR peBOJIIOII.HOHHaR opraHwaan.wR «3eMJIR H BOJISI>>
6bma coa,n;aHa B:
a) 1858 r .; 6) 1861 r.; B) 1863 r .
2. OcHOBHhlM noJIHTRqecKHM Tpe6oBaHReM «3eMJIH H Bo-
JIH>> 6biJIO:
a) ycTaHOBJieHHe KOHCTHTYI.I;HOHHOH MOHapXHH;
6) C03hiB 3eMCKOI'O C06opa;
B) ycTaHOBJieHHe ,n;eMOKpaTwqecKoH: pecny6JIHKH.
3. PyKOBO,li;HTeJIH «3eMJIH H BOJIH» cqHTaJIH, qTo Macco-
Bhie KpeCTbRHCKHe BbiCTynJieHHR UpOH30H,ll;yT B 1863 I'., TaK
KaK B 3TOM ro,n;y:
a) HCTeKaJI CpOK IIO,ll;llHCaHH.SI Y CTaBHbiX rpaMOT Me.m,n;y
llOMeiiJ;HKaMH H KpeCTbRHaMH;
22
6) BBO,li;HJIOCb BpeMeHH006H3aHHOe COCTORHHe KpeCTbRH;
B) HaMeqanocb y6wH:cTBO ArreKca H,n;pa II.
24. 3a~aHHe 5
Onpe,ZJ;eJIHTe, KaKHe BhiCKa3hlBaHHH npHHa,ZJ;JiemaT:
1. M. A. BaKyHI1Hy. 2. n. JI. JlaBpoBy. 3. n . H. TKaqeBy.
a) «llepBbiM yCJIOBHeM DO,ZJ;rOTOBJieHHSI COII,HaJihHOH peBO-
JIIOII,HH B PoccHH ,ZJ;OJI>KHa 6hiTh opraHH3aii,HH peBoJirou,:uoaao-
ro MeHbiiiHHCTBa, DOHHMaiOIII,aSI 3a,ZJ;aq:n pa6oqero COII,HaJIH3-
Ma, B cpe,ZJ;e o6III,HHHhiX H apTeJihHhiX u,eHTpoB pyccKoro aa-
po,ZJ;a~.
6) «lfT06hl COBepiiiHTh pa,ZJ;HKaJihHYlO peBOJIIOII,HIO, Hy>K-
HO. •. pa3pYIIIHTb C06CTBeHHOCTb H rocy,ZJ;apCTBO••• •> - - - - -
B ) << •• • lfCTHHHO peBOJIIOII,HOHHaSI napTHSI CTaBHT CBOeH
rJiaBHOH, CBOeH nepBOCTeDeHHOH 3a,ZJ;aqeft He DO,ZJ;rOTOBJieHHe
peBOJIIOII,HH B006III,e, B OT,ZJ;aJieHHOM 6y.u;yiii,eM, a OCyiii,eCTBJie-
HHe ee B B03MO>KHO 6JIH>KaHIIIeM HaCTOSIIII,eM~. - - - - - - -
3a~auue 6
M . A. BaKyHHH pe3Ko KPHTHKOBaJI H,ZJ;ero K. MapKca o
)J;HKTaType npoJieTapHaTa, Bhi,ZJ;eJIHSI OCHOBHbie STaTihi B03-
MO>KHOrO XO,ZJ;a C06hiTHH:
1. KpeCThHHCKHH 6yHT. 2. ,il;HKTaTypa npoJieTap:uaTa.
3. HaBH3hiBaane KpecThHHaM KOMMYHHCTnqecKHX nopH,ZJ;KOB.
4. lloHBJiea:ue BOeHHoro ,ZJ;HKTaTopa. 5. YcHJieHHe apMHH.
PacnoJio>KHTe STH STanhl B aymao:H nocJie,ZJ;oBaTeJihHOCTH.
3aA3HIIe 7
,ll;a:HTe onpe,ZJ;eJieHHe DOHHTHH.
Pa3aoq:nHu,hr
Hapo,ZJ;HHKH
23
25. 3a.n;auHe 8
ITpoBe,n;HTe JIHHHH B cxeMe.
IM. A. BaKyaaa I
II. JI. JlaBpOB
II. H. TKaqeB
roTOBHTb aapo,n;
K peBOJHOD;HH
IIo.n;HHMaTh MYJKHKOB
Ha 6yHT
PeBOJIJOD;HJO aaqaeT
ae aapo.n;,
a opraBH30Baaaoe
MeHhillHHCTBO
§ 26. PEBOJIIO:QHOHHOE HAPO,li;HifqECTBO
BTOPOH IIOJIOBHHhl 60-x - HAqAJIA 80-x rr.
3a.n;aHHe 1
3aiiOJIHHTe rrporryCKH B TeKCTe.
O ceHhiO 1863 r. B MoeRBe 6biJI opraHH30BaH KpymoK ca-
paToBcKoro pa3HO'IHHn;a H. A. HmyTHHa. K 1865 r. ou Bbi-
poc B Kpyrruyro IIO).l;IIOJibHYIO opraHH3aD;HIO C ¢lHJIHaJIOM B
11eTep6ypre. HmyTHHD;hi rro.n; BJIHHHMeM
Ha'!aJIH ycTpaHBaTb Ha apTeJihHbiX Ha"t.JaJiaX MaCTepCK.He, "t.JT0-
6bi TaK.HM o6pa30M y6e).l;HTb Hapo,n; B rrpeHMyiD;eCTBaX COD;Ha-
JIHCTll'leCKOrO IIpOH3BO).l;CTBa, a 3aTeM IIOTpe60BaTb OT rrpaBH-
TeJibCTBa pe<!JopM, Be,n;yin;MX K COD;RaJIH3MY, H, eCJIH OHO OT-
K.a:>KeTCH,
O.n;uaK.o "t.JaCTh HIDYTHHn;eB cTaJia HCK.aTb 6oJiee KopoTKHe
IIYTH K. peBOJIIOD;HH, a CaMbiH IIbiJIKHH H3 HHX
rrepBbiM H3 pyCCKHX peBOJIIOD;MO-
HepOB rromeJI ua Ou
pemRJI, "'ITO l:IMeHHO CTaHeT
4 arrpeJIH r . y pemeTKM JleTHero ca.n;a B 11eTep-
6ypre
24
26. IIocne~CTBMeM aToro Diara cTano
3a.IJ;aHne 2
3arronHMTe cxeMY.
<<3eMJIJI M BOJIJI ~
I
OcHOBHhie rrporpaMMHbie
.n;a'IH:
3a-
r--
o6pa30BaHa B r .
Cnoco6 rrpeTBOpeHHJI B
)KH3Hb rrporpaMMHbiX 3a.D:aq:
I MeTO,D;hi pa6oThi
I
I
opraHH3aTopCKHe: ,n;e3opraHH3aTOpCKHe:
25
27. 3a.Aaune 3
0 KaKOH HapO,ll;HH'IeCKOH opraHH3aiJ,HH H,ll;eT peqb B ,ll;OKy-
MeHTax?
« ...Bee, 'ITO eCTb 6naropo,n;Horo H BhiCOKoro a npHpo.n;e qe-
JIOBeKa, Ka3aJIOCh, 6hiJIO cocpe,n;oToqeHo a aToii ropcTKe repo-
H'IeCKOH MOJIO,ll;e)KH. 0HH XOTeJIH OCB060,ll;HTbCSI OT BCSIKHX
,n;pyrHX ITOMblillJieHHH••• qT06bi OT,ll;aTbCSI CBOeMy ,n;eJiy BCen;e-
JIO 6e33aBeTHO>> (C. M. Cmemt;uc·Kpaettunc~euu).
«Ham KPY)KOK ocTaaancSI TecHo:H ceMhe:H .n;py3eii. HHKor-
.n;a BllOCJie,ll;CTBHH SI He BCTpeqaJI TaKOH rpynnhl H,ll;eaJibHO
'IHCTbiX H HpaBCTBeHHO Bbi,ll;aiOIIJ;HXCSI JIIO,ll;eH, KaK Te 'IeJIO-
BeK ,ll;Ba,n;n;aTb, KOTOpbiX SI BCTpeTHJI Ha nepBOM 3ace,n;aHHH
KPY)KKa• •• >> (II. A. Kponom~eun).
a) <•Hapo,n;HaSI pacnpaaa>>; 6) KPY)KOK "t!aiiKOBCKoro;
a) KPY)KOK ,Il;onrymHHa.
3a~auHe 4
3anoJIHHTe cxeMy.
Ha3BaHHe opraHH3 aiJ,HH
H ee OCHOBHbie 3a~aqH
/I «3eMJIH IH BOJIH»
PacK~r.
26
I
JlH~ephi
I
r--
-
28. 3a,nauue 5
IJpO'IHTaKTe OTpbiBKH H3 CTHXOTBOpeHHH H ,n;aaTe IIHCb-
MeHHbie OTBeTbl Ha BOIIpOCbl.
roTOB JIH? Hy! Terrepb CMOTpH,
CTyrraii no ropo,n;aM H ceJiaM
11: 0 rpR,n;ym;eM rOBOpH
JKHBOTperre~yiiJ,HM rJiarOJIOM.
(H. Ozapee)
11: BOT Terrepb CO BCeX CTOpOH
M,n;yT Ha 6oii 6opu;hl HHbie...
M.nYT B H3MyqeHHbiH Hapo,n;,
M,n;yT B roJIO,li;Hbie ceJieHbH;
Bcex pyccKHH roJioc HX 30BeT
B 6oii 3a Hapo,n;Hoe crraceHbe.
(II. JIaepoe)
1. 0 KaKOM rrepHO,D;e B HCTOpHH pyCCKOrO HapO,li;HH'leCTBa
n,n;eT pe'lh s CTHXOTBOPHhiX cTpoKax? 2. KaKOBbi HTOrH aTo-
ro rrepno,n;a?
3a.nauue 6
IJpO'IHTaHTe ,li;OKyMeHTbl H ,n;aM:Te KOpOTKHH IIHCbMeHHbiH
KOMMeHTapHH.
H 3 3a.R6.n.enu.R H cno.n.nume.n.bnozo KoMumema
<<HapoiJnou 6o.n.u>> no no6oiJy y6uucm6a
npe3uiJenma CiliA /I,. Fapf!Ju.n.iJa om 10 cenm.R6p.R 1881 z.
<• B cTpaHe, r ,n;e cso6o,n;a JIH'IHOCTH ,n;aeT B03MO:>KHOCTh
qecTHOH n,n;eH:Hoii 6oph6hi, r,n;e cso6o,n;Ha.H Hapo,n;Ha.H BOJI.H on-
pe,n;eJI.HeT He TOJibKO 3aKOH, HO H JIH'IHOCTb npaBHTeJieH, -
B TaKOH CTpaHe IIOJIHTH'leCKOe y6HHCTBO KaK Cpe,D;CTBO 6opb-
6bl ecTb rrpo.HBJieHne Taro me ,n;yxa ,n;ecnoTH3Ma, yHH'ITO:>Ke-
HHe KOTOpOrO B POCCHH Mbl CTaBHM 3a,D;a'leH>>.
Mnenue ctJ. 3nze.!/.bCa
<<IIonHTH'leCKoe y6HHCTBO B Poccnn - e,n;HHCTBeHHOe
Cpe,D;CTBO, KOTOpbiM paCIIOJiaraiOT YMHbie, CMeJible H yBa:>KaiO-
UJ;He Ce6.H JIIO,li;H ,li;JI.H 3a1Il;HTbl npOTHB areHTOB HeCJibiXaHHO
,n;ecnoTH'lecKoro pemnMa•> .
27
29. H apoanaJt nozoeopKa 70-x zz. XIX e.
Ilocy,n;y 6e:H, HO caMoBap He Tpora:H.
3a,IJ;anue 7
Bbi6epHTe rrpaBHJibHbiH OTBeT.
1. ArreKcaH,n;p II 6biJI cMepTeJibHO paHeH 1 MapTa:
a) 1878 r.; 6) 1879 r.; B) 1881 r.
2. Herrocpe,n;cTBeHHbiM HcnoJIHHTeJieM TeppopHCTH'lecKoro
aKTa, rrpHBe,n;rnero K cMepTH HMrrepaTopa, cTaJI:
a) M. rpeHeBHIJ;KHH; 6) A. JKemr6oB; B) c. XaJITYPHH.
3. B arrpeJie 1881 r . 6biJIH noBerneHbi opraHH3aTOpbi no-
KyrneHH.H:
a) 0 . ArrTeKMaH; 6) A. JKeJI.a6oB; B) A. MHxa:HJioB;
r) H . KH6aJib'IH'I; ,n;) C. KpaB'IHHCKHM; e) C. IlepoBcKa.a;
m) H . PblcaKoB; 3) M. <I>poJieHKO.
28
§ 27. BHEIDH.H.H IIOJIHTHKA
AJIEKCAH,l(PA II
3a,ZJ;aHue 1
3arroJIHHTe cxeMy.
3~aqH pyccKOH ,D;HIIJIOMaTMM B EBporre
I I I
30. 3a,u.aHne 2
3anoJIHRTe cxeMy
OcaoBHa.H n;eJib BHemae:H
noJIHTHKH PoccHH 1----
B 60- 70-e rr.
OcaoBHbie aanpaBJieHHH
BHemHeH llOJIHTHKH 1----
PoccHH B 60- 70-e rr.
3a~amle 3
Bhi6epnTe npaBHJihHhiH OTBeT.
1. KaKyiO ll03HD;HIO 33HHJia IlpyCCHH BO BpeMH BOCCT3HHH
B IloJibiiie 1863 r .:
a) npncoe.n;HHHJiach K Tpe6oBaHHHM AHrJIHH H <I>paHD;HH
rrpeKpaTHTh KpoBonpoJIHTHe B IloJihiiie;
6) 06'bHBHJia 0 CBOeM HeHTpaJIHTeTe;
B) no.n;.n;epmaJia ~eiicTBHH pyccKoro npaBHTeJihCTBa?
2. KoMy nocBarn;eHhi cJie.n;yrorn;ne CTHXH <I>. ll. TroT'IeBa?
,ll;a, Bhl C.l(epJKaJIH Bame cJioBo:
He C.l(BHHYB nymKH, HH py6JIH,
B CBOH npaBa BCTynaeT CHOBa
Po.l(HaH pyccKaH 3eMJIH.
I1 HaM 3aBeiD;aHaoe Mope
OnHTh CB060.l(HOIO BOJiaoii:,
0 KpaTKOM ll0336biB ll030pe,
Jlo63aeT 6eper CBOH po.l(HOH.
a) A. ll. BapSITHHCKOMY; 6) A. 11:. rop'IaKOBy; B) M. r. l:lep-
HHeBy.
29
31. 3. 0 KaKOM C06biTHH B HHX H~eT pe'lh:
a) o6 OKOH'laHHH KaBKa3cKoH: BOHHhl;
6) o6 ocHoBaHHH rropTa Bna~HBOCToK;
B) 06 OTMeHe HeHTpaJIH3ai.J;:HH ~epHOro MOpR?
4. OT KaKnx cTaTeH: ITapnmcKoro ~oroBopa OTKa3anach
POCCHR:
a) OT 3arrpeTa HMeTb CBOH qJJIOT Ha ~epHOM MOpe;
6) OT 3a.KpbiTHR IIpOJIHBOB ~JIR BOeHHbiX cy~OB;
B) oT rrpH3HaHHR BaccanbHOH 3aBHCHMOCTH Cep6nn n ~ep
Horopnn OT Typu;nn?
3a)l;aHHe 4
3aiiOJIHHTe IIpOITYCKH B TeKCTe.
B aBrycTe 1856 r . ArreKcaH~p II Ha3Ha"<IHJI HaMeCTHHKOM
KaBKa3a H r JiaBHOKOMaH~yrom;HM KaBKa3CKOH apMneH: KHR3H
OH Ha"<IaJI c pa3pa6oTKH III:HpoKoH: rrporpaMMhi ~MHH:H
CTpaTHBHhiX rrpeo6p a30BaHHH B Kpae H O~HOBpeMeHHO aK-
THBH3HpOBaJI BOeHHhle orrepai.J;:HH npOTHB ropu;eB. 25 aBrycTa
r. pyCCKOH apMHH c~aJICR
B HOR6pe r. cnomHJI opymHe ero copaTHHK
MyxaMe~ AMHHh . llocne~HHH KpyrrHhiH O"<Iar corrpoTHBJieHHH
ropu;eB - ypO'IH:rn;e K6aa~e - 6biJI B3HT pyccKHMH BoiicKa-
MH B r. MHoroJieTHHR BORHa, KOTopyro BeJia
PoccHR c u;enhiO noKopeHHH KaBKa3a, 6biJia 3aKOH"<IeHa.
11Mea B ThiJIY oTHOCHTeJibHo crroKoHHhiH KaBKa3, PoccHR
Morna aKTHBH3HpoBaTh CBOIO IIOJIHTHKY B Cpe~HeH: A3HH.
3a)l;auue 5
fipO"<IHTaHTe ~OKyMeHT H OTBeThTe Ha BOIIpOChi.
H3 3anucox; Boennozo Munucmpa JI.. A. MuJL10muna
<< Haiiie MHHHCTepCTBO HHOCTpaHHhiX ~eJI C ~aBHHX BpeMeH
~epmaJIOCb B a3HaTCKOH IIOJIHTHKe CHCTeMbi naCCHBHOrO KOH-
cepBaTH3Ma. 3a6oTHCh 6onee Bcero o rro~~epmaHHH ~pym6hi
C AHrJIHeH, OHO IIpOTHBHJIOCb BCRKOMY HameMy ycrrexy B
Cpe,ll;HeH: A3HH, ~a6hl He Bo36ym~aTh ~HIIJIOMaTH'leCKHX 3a-
rrpocoB JIOH~OHCKOrO Ka6HHeTa, peBHOCTHO CJie~HBIIIero
3a Kam~hlM HaiiiHM maroM B cTerrax. CaM BHu;e-Kaau;nep
A. M. rop"<IaKOB, IIO'ITH He 3aHHMaBIIIHHCR a3HaTCKHMH ~e
JiaMH H 'lym,ll;hiH caMbiX rroBepxaocTHhiX cBe~eanH: o6 A3HH,
30
32. He XOTeJI ,n:ame BHHKaTb B 06CTO.HTeJibCTBa, BbiHym,n:aBmHe
HaC ITO BpeMeHH npHHHMaTb BOeHHble Mepbi Ha a3HaTCKHX Ha-
illHX OKpaHHaX >}.
1. B qeM pa3JIHqHe B no,n:xo,n:ax K cpe.n;Hea3HaTcKo:H noJIH-
THKe B BOeHHOM MHHHCTepCTBe H MHHHCTepCTBe HHOCTpaH-
HbiX JJ;eJI? 2. lleM 6b!Jlll o6yCJIOBJieHbi 3TH pa3JIJ1qH.H?
3aAaane 6
3anOJIHHTe Ta6JIHII;Y.
3aBoeBauue CpeiJueu A3uu
)J;aTa Co6blTHe 3aaqeaHe
31
33. 32
38J].aHlle 7
flpOBe,ll;l'iTe JIHHH H B CXeMe .
J(aJLbHeeocmottna.H noJLumwca Poccuu
1855 r .
1858 r.
1860 r.
1875 r.
A.HryHCKHH
,ll.oroaop
IleKHHCKHH
,ll.oroaop
CHMO,li.CKHH
,li.OrOBOp
IleTep6ypr-
CKHH
,li.OrOBOp
YcTaHOBJieHHe rpaHHII,bi c
KHTaeM no peKe AMyp
KypHJibCKHe ocTpoaa K
ceaepy OT lfTypyoa npHa-
HaHbi pOCCHHCKHM BJia,ll.e-
HHeM
YccypHHCKHH KpaH BOilleJI
a cocTaB PoccHH
CaxaJIHH npH3HaH npHHa,li.-
JieJKa~HM PoccHH, a Ky-
pHJibCKHe OCTpOB8 - .5Jrro-
HHH
§ 28. PYCCKO-TYPEIJ;KA.H BORHA
1877-1878 1'1'.
3a,IJ;aHHe 1
3anoJIHHTe cxeMy.
IIoaHII,HH AneKcaH,ll.pa II HBKaHyHe BOHHbi
He aoeaaTb? BoeaaTbl
34. 3aJJ;amte 2
3aiiOJIHHTe Ta6JIHI.I,y.
Co6hlTHH Ha BanKaHax
B 1875 - 1876 rr.
3aJJ;auHe 3
PeaKU:HH PoccHH
ITpoBe,n;HTe JIHHHR B cxeMe, coiiocTaBRB co6hiTHH 11: rnaB-
Hhie ,n;eHCTBYIO~He JIHI.I,a.
Boe6bte aeucm6UR JLemoM. 1877 z.
0cBo6om,n;esHe Thlpsoso
3aXB8'1' lliHIIKHHCKOI'O rrepeBaJia
B3HTHe KpenocTH HHKOIIOJih
BMeCTO Il.neBHhl
3a~aHHe 4
H . II. Kp11,n;eaep
H. B. I'ypKO
BenHKHH KHH3b
HHKona:ii HHKonaesHq
HaHeCHTe Ha KapTy Ha c. 34 HaiipaBJieHHH 3HMHero Ha-
CTyrrneHHH 1877- 1878 rr.: a) oTpH,n;a reHepana H. B. ryp-
Ko; 6) oTpH,n;a reHepaJia M. ,ll;. CKo6eneBa.
3a,ZJ;aHHe 5
,lJ;aliTe IIHChMeHHhle OTBeTbl Ha BOIIpOChi.
1. KaKoif xapaKTep HOCHJia pyccKo-Typei.I,KaH BORHa?
2. BhiiiOJIHHJia JIH PoccHH IIOCTaBJieHHhie 3a,n;aq11:? 3. KaKOBhi
33
35. 'l
I
'I
,- ,_ /
- - o -
0
0
0
0
0 0
0
0
6hiJIH rroJIOJKHTeJibHbie pe3yJibTaTbi BOHHhl? 4. Ka.KOBbi ee oT-
pHn;aTeJibHbie IIOCJie,li;CTBH.H?
34
36. 3 aJJ;aHlie 6
3aiiOJIHRTe CpaBHRTeJJbHYIO Ta6JJRIJ;Y.
YcnoBHH Caa-CTe¢aucKoro
MHpuoro ,D;Orosopa
YcnoBHH BepnHHCKoro
Kourpecca
§ 29-30. BHYTPEHH.H.H TIOJIHTHKA
AJIEKCAH.l(PA III
3 aJJ;aune 1
Bbi6epnTe rrpaBRJJbHbiH OTBeT.
1. KTo oKa3biBaJJ pema10~ee BJJRHHRe ua BHyTpeHHIOIO
IIOJJRTRKY AneKcaa.n;pa III:
a) M . T. Jiopnc-MeJJRKOB; 6) K. n. Tio6e.n:ouocn;eB; B) RM-
rrepaTpnn;a MapnH ~e.n;opoBHa?
2. K. n. Tio6e.n;OHOCD;eB 3aHRMaJJ .n;omKHOCTb:
a) MRHRCTpa BHyTpeHHRX ,D;eJJ; 6) MRHRCTpa HapO,D;HOrO
rrpocBe~eHRH; B) o6ep-rrpoKypopa Cnuo.n;a.
3. 0 KOM rpa<}> C. r. CTporaHOB CKa3aJI: «(0H) BCer,D;a OT-
JIR'lHO 3HaeT, 'lTO He Ha,D;O, HO HRKOr,D;a He 3HaeT, 'lTO Ha,D;O»:
a) o6 AneKcau.n;pe ill; 6) 0 H. n. HruaTbeBe; B) 0 K. n . no-
6e.n;ouocu;eBe?
35
37. 3a,naune 2
3arrOJIHHTe Ta6JIHII,y.
IloJLumwca 8 o6JLacmu npocBeU{enu.R u nel{.amu
MeponpH.HTHe Ero cyTb
3a,~J;aaHe 3
1. KaKHe Mepbl no KpeCTh.R:HCKOMY Bonpocy 6hiJIH npHH.R:-
Tbl B IIapcTBOBaHHe ArreKcaHApa III:
a) npeKpa~eHO BpeMeHH006.R:3aHHOe COCTO.R:HHe KpeCTh.R:H;
6) CHHmeHhi BhiKYUHhie nJiaTemH;
B) OTMeHeHa UOAYWHa.H UOAaTh;
r) pa3peweH CB060AHbiH BhiXOA KpeCTh.R:H H3 o6~HHhi;
A) o6Jier'IeHa apeHAa rocyAapcTBeHHhiX 3eMeJih;
e) o6Jier'IeHa apeHAa rroMe~H'IhHX 3eMeJih?
2. roA yl!pemAeHH.R: KpeCTb.R:HCKOro ll03eMeJihHOro 6aHKa:
a) 1882 r . ; 6) 1885 r.; B) 1890 r.
3. 3aKOH OT 28 AeKa6p.R: 1881 r.:
a) OTMeH.R:JI BpeMeHH006.R:3aHHOe COCTO.R:HHe KpeCTh.R:H;
6) peryJIHpOBaJI apeHAHhie OTHOWeHH.R:;
B) OTMeH.R:JI IIOAYWHY10 IIOAaTh.
3a.~J;aHHe 4
Bhl6epHTe rrpaBHJihHhiH OTBeT.
KaKRe Mephi rrpeAYCMaTpHBaJio pa6ol!ee 3aKOHOAaTeJih-
CTBo:
a) 3arrpe~eHHe TPYAa AeTeii AO 12-JieTuero B03pacTa;
6) 3arrpe~euae Ho•moro TPYAa AJI.R: mea~RH H IIOAPOCT-
KOB;
B) 8-qacOBOM pa6o•mii AeHh;
36
38. r) 3anpem;eHHe illTpa<l>HbiX CaHKD;HH K pa60'IHM CO CTOpO-
Hhi X03.HeB;
A) aanpem;eHHe cTa'leK;
e) BBeAeHHe CTpaxOBaHH.H pa60'IHX?
3a,ll.aHHe 5
4 Ma.H 1882 r. K. n. Tio6e,n;OHOCD;eB UOJIY'!HJI OT AneK-
caH,n;pa III ,n;oKyMeHThi, aBTopoM KOTopblx 6hiJI MHHHCTP
BHyTpeHHHX ,n;eJI H. II. l:IrHaTheB. B TOT me ,n;eHh, BeqepoM,
OH OTBeTHJI u;apro: «llpO'lHTaB 3TH 6yMarH, .H UpHilleJI B
y:>KaC... » liTO CO,n;ep:>KaJIOCb B 3THX ,ll;OKyMeHTax:
a) npoeKT co3biBa 3eMcKoro co6opa; 6) npoeKT KOHCTHTy-
n;HH; B) nJiaH noKymeHHH Ha HMnepaTopa?
3a,ll.anue 6
3anoJIHHTe cxeMy.
3aKOH 0 3eMCKHX yqaCTKOBhiX HaqaJihHHKax
~ -------------..Ynpa3AH.HJI: CoaAB..BaJI:
..-------IlOJIHOMO'IH.H BJiaCTHh1x opraaos:
37
39. 3a,IJ;anue 7
Bbi6ep:aTe npaBHJibHbiH OTBeT.
1. «<loJioJKeH:ae o Mepax K oxpaHeHHIO rocy,Z~;apcTBeH
Horo llOpH,li;Ka H 06~eCTBeHHOI'O CllOKOHCTBHH>> OT 14 aBryc-
Ta 1881 I'. ,ll;aBaJIO opaBO MHHl'ICTpy BHyTpeHHHX ,ll;eJI:
a) 06'bHBJIHTb B CTpaHe qpe3Bbi"tJaHHOe IIOJIOJKeHHe;
6) 06'bHBJIHTb JII060H paHOH CTpaHbl Ha <<HCKJIIQqHTeJibHOM
IIOJIOJKeHHH >} ;
B) BbiCeJIHTb BCeX HHOBepu;eB H3 MOCKBbi H IleTep6ypra.
2. PeJKHM <<HCKJIIO"tJHTeJibHoro rroJioJKeHHH>> rrpe,Z~;ycMaTpH-
BaJI rrpaBO a,li;MHHHCTpaiJ.HH:
a) BBO,li;HTb BOeHHO-IIOJieBbie CY,ll;bl B ,ll;aHHOH MeCTHOCTH;
6) BbiCbiJiaTb JII06biX <<HeJKeJiaTeJibHbiX>> JIHII;;
B) IIpHOCTaHaBJIHBaTb BhliiYCK nepHO,li;HqecKHX H3,ll;aHHH;
r) 3aKpbiBaTb yqe6Hhle 3aBe,ll;eHHH;
A) KOH<l>HCKOBbiBaTb He,li;BHJKHMOe HMy~eCTBO 6e3 Cy,ll;a;
e) nepe,Z~;aBaTb cy,Z~;e6Hbie ,Z~;eJia B BOeHHbie cy,ll;hl.
3a,IJ;aHHe 8
Bhl6epHTe npaBHJibHbiH OTBeT.
1. ,lJ;BOpSIHCKHH 3eMeJibHbiH 6aHK 6biJI C03,ll;aH ,li;JIH:
a) llOMOIII;H KaiiHTaJIH3HpyiOJII;HMCH IIOMe~HqbHM X03HH-
CTBaM;
6) BbiKyiia IIOMe~HqbHX 3eMeJib;
B) MaTepHaJibHOH IIO,ll;,ll;epJKKH IIOMeiii;H"tJbHX HMeHHH.
2. 3eMcKaSI H ropo,ll;cKaH pe<t>opMa Ha"tJaJia 1890-x rr.:
a) COKpaTHJia JIHillHHe 3BeHbH ropO,li;CKOI'O H 3eMCKOI'O yrr-
paBJieHHH;
6) YCHJIHJI3 COCJIOBHO-,li;BOpSIHCKHH 3JieMeHT B 3eMCKOM H
I'OpO,li;CKOM C3MOyrrpaBJieHHH;
B) yBeJIH"tJHJia rrpe,li;CTaBHTeJibCTBO CeJibCKOH H I'OpO,lJ;CKOH
6ypJKya3HH B opraHax caMoyrrpasJieHHH.
3a,IJ;aHlte 9
)l;OIIHillHTe TeKCT.
Hau;HOHaJibHaH rroJIHTHKa A.n:eKCaH,lJ;pa III xapaKTepH30Ba-
Jiacb_____________________________________________________
38
40. BhiJIH BBe,D;eHhl aaa'IHTeJihHhie orpaaHtieHHH ,D;JIH eapeii-
CKOrO HaCeJieHHH:
llpeCJie,D;OBaHHHM IIO,D;BepraJIHCh
B TO me a p eMH B C p e,D;a e ii A a H H rrp a.BHTeJihCTBO rrp oao,D;H-
JIO IIOJIHTHKY
§ 31. 3KOHOMJiqECKOE PA3BHTHE
B rO,[(hl llPABJIEHHH AJIEKCAH,[(PA III
3a)J.aHHe 1
3arro JIHHTe cxeMy.
Ocuoauble uanpaBJieHH.SI 3KOHOMH'IeCKOH noJIH.TRKH
a 80 - 90-e rr.
I I I
39
41. 3a,IJ;aune 2
3aiiOJIHHTe Ta6JIHII;y.
<1>. H . 0.
MHHHCTpa
Q>HHaHCOB
3a,naune 3
ro,IJ;bl
OcaoBHbie
HaXmK,Il;eHHSI
HarrpaBJJeHHSI
3KOHOMHqecKOH
Ha IIOCTY
IIOJJHTHKH
Orrpe)l;eJIHTe H 3aiiHWHTe He Meaee II.HTH oco6eHHOCTeii
rrpOMhiWJieaaoro pa3BHTH.a PoccHH B Koau;e 80-x- 90-e rr.
40
49. 3 aAaHHC 8
CocTa.BhTe TeKcT, HCIIOJih3YR npHBe~eHHhre HH.me CJIOBoco-
qeTaHHR.
0TMeHa KpeiiOCTHOI'O npaBa. JlH6epaJIH3aiJ;H$1 o6pa30Ba-
HH$1. ,ll;eMoKpaTH3aD;HR HHTeJIJIHI'eH.u;HH. CoxpaHeHHe cocJioB-
HhiX npHBHJierHii. 0TCYTCTBHe noJIHTHqecKHX cBo6o~. YcHJie-
HHe aHTHIIpaBHTeJibCTBeHHbiX HaCTpOeHHH.
§ 34. OBII(ECTBEHHOE ,ll;BHmEHHE
B 80-90-x rr.
3aAaHIIC 1
BcTaBbTe nporrym;eHHhre B TeKcTe <PaMHJIHH.
<< 28 MapTa B 3aJie 3aCe~aHHH fleTep6ypi'CKOI'O Kpe~HTHO
I'O o6m;eCTBa H3BeCTHbiH cpHJIOCOcp BhiCTy-
IIHJI c JieK.u;Heii o npocBem;eHHH B PoccHH B XIX CTOJieTHH,
Ha KOTopoii: npHcyTcTBOBaJio 800 qeJIOBeK. B KOH.u;e JieKD;HH
OH HeOJKH~aHHO 3aRBHJI: <<CerO~H$1 CY~RT H, BepORTHO, 6y~yT
ocy.m~eHhl y6HHII;hl n;apR Ha CMepTb. :0:apb MOJKeT IIpOCTHTb
HX, H eCJIH OH AeHCTBHTeJibHO qyBCTByeT CBOIO CB$13b C Hapo-
~OM, OH AOJIJKeH rrpOCTHTh>> .
B 3am;HTY y6HHII; BbiCTYTIHJI H
B CBOeM IIHChMe K HMnepaTopy OH IIHCaJI:
<<flpOCTHTe, B03~aHTe ~o6pOM 3a 3JIO, H3 COTeH 3JIO~eeB ~e
CRTKH nepeHAYT He K BaM, He K HHM (3TO HeBaJKHO), a rre-
peHAYT OT ~hRBOJia K Bory, R y ThiCR"t.J:, y MHJIJIHOHOB APOr-
HeT cep~.u;e OT pa~OCTH H yMHJieHHR npH BH~e rrpHMepa ~o6-
pa rrpeCTOJia B TaKyiO CTpaniHYIO ~Jl$1 CbiHa y6HTOI'O OTD;a MH-
HYTY».
:O:apb pacnopR~HJICR nepe~aTh rpacpy, qTo, eCJIH 6 noKy-
meHHe 6biJIO COBepmeHO Ha Hel'O CaMOI'O, OH MOl' 6hi IIOMH-
JIOBaTb, «HO y6HHD; OTD;a He HMeeT npaBa npOCTHTb >> .
48
50. 3~aHHe 2
IlpO"'IHTaiiTe )J;OKYMeHT H )J;aihe nHCbMeHHbie OTBeThl Ha
BOnpOChl.
H 3 nucbMa H cnoJLnumeJLbH.ozo KoMumema
<<Hapoanou BOJLU>> A.ae~ecanapy III, 10 Mapma 1881 z.
~Mhl He cTaBHM BaM ycnosn:H . IIycTh He moKnpyeT Bac
H a rne npe,D;JIO)KeHHe. Ycn OBH.H, KOTOphle Heo6xo,D;HMhi )J;JI.H To-
ro, "<IT06hi pesonron;noHHOe )J;BH*eHHe 3aMeHHJIOCh MHpHoif
pa60TOH, C03)J;aHhl He HaMH, a HCTOpHeif. Mbl He CTaBHM, a
T OJihKO HaJIOMHH3eM HX.
8THX yCJIOBHH, no HameMy MHeHHIO, )J;Ba:
1) 06IIJ;a.H a MHHCTHSI no BCeM nOJIHTH"<IeCKHM npeCTyllJie-
HHSIM npomnoro speMeHH, TaK KaK 3TO 6hlJIH He npecTynne-
HH.H, HO HCllOJIHeHHe rpa)K)J;8HCKOrO )J;OJira;
2) C03hiB npe,D;CTaBHTeJieif OT scero pyccKoro Hapo,D;a )J;JI.H
n e peCMOTpa CyiiJ;eCTByiOID;HX $OpM rOCy,D;apCTBeHHOH H 06IIJ;e-
CT BeHHOH )KH3HH H nepe,ZJ;eJIKH HX C006pa3HO C HapO)J;HhiMH
)KeJiaHHSIMH.
C"<IHTaeM Heo6xo,D;HMhiM HanoMHHTh, O,li;HaKO, "<ITO neranH-
3aD;H.H BepXOBHOH BJiaCTH HapO)J;HhlM npe)J;CT8BHTeJibCTBOM MO-
)KeT 6hiTb )J;OCTHr HyTa JIHIDh TOr,D;a, eCJIH Bhi60pbl 6y,ZJ;YT npo-
H3Be,D;eHbi cosepmeHHO cso6o,D;HO•.• A noToMy npasnTeJibCTBO
)J;OJI)KHO B BH,D;e BpeMeHHOH Mephl, Bnpe)J;b )1;0 pemeHHSI aa-
pO)J;HOrO co6paHH.H, ,D;OnyCTHTh: a) llOJIHYIO CB060,D;y ne"<IaTH,
6) llOJIHYIO CB060AY CJIOBa, B) llOJIHyiO CB060AY CXO)J;OK, r) CB0-
6o,D;y H36HpaTeJihHhlX nporpaMM.
BoT e,D;HHCTBeHHoe cpe,D;CTBO K B03Bp3IIJ;eHHIO Pocc:~-m Ha
llYTh npaBHJibHOrO MHpHOrO pa3BHTHSI. 3a.HBJI.HeM TOp)KeCT-
BeHHO npe)J; JIHIJ;OM BCeH CTpaHbl H MHpa, "'ITO Hama napTHSI
CO CBOeif CTOpOHhl 6e3yCJIOBHO IIO)J;"'IHHHTC.H pemeHHIO aapO,D;-
HOrO C06paHHSI.•. H He n03BOJIHT ce6e HHKaKOrO H3CHJihCTBeH-
HOrO npOTHBO,D;eHCTBHSI llpaBHTeJibCTBY, CaHKD;HOHBpOB3HHO-
M Y aapo,D;HhiM co6paaHeM.
MTaK, Bame BenH"<IeCTBO, pemaifTe. Ilepe,D; BaMH ,D;Ba ny-
TH. OT Bac 3aBHCHT Bhi6op••• •>.
1. KaKOBhi Tpe6osaaH.H, npe)J;'h.HBJieHHhle HK «Hapo,D;HOif
BOJIH •> AneKCaHAPY III? 2. B "<IeM ,D;BoifcTBeHHOCTh noro ,D;o-
KyMeaTa? 3. 0 KaKHX npon;eccax, npOHCXO)J;HBillHX B peBO-
JIIOIJ;HOHHOM )J;BH)KeHHH, CBH)J;eTeJihCTByeT 3TOT )J;OKyMeHT?
49
51. 3aJJ;aHHe 3
Bbi6epHTe npaaHJibHhiH oTBeT.
1. KaK 6oJihmHHCTBO JIH6epaJIOB OTHeCJIHCb K y6HHCTBY
ArreKcaa,n;pa II:
a) Bbipa3HJIH COJIH,n;apHOCTb C peBOJilOI:r;HOHepaMR;
6) llpH3BaJIH npaBRTeJibCTBO npOHBHTb TBep,n;OCTb B 60pb-
6e C peBOJilOI:r;ROHepaMH;
B) llpR3BaJIR npaBRTeJibCTBO ITOMRJIOBaTb u;apey6HHI:r;?
2. KaK:ae <PopMbi ,n;eHTeJihHOCTR CTaJI:a Be,n;yi.qRMH B JI:a6e-
paJibHOM ,D;BRmeHHR B 80-e rr.:
a) npaKTRKa << MaJibiX ,n;eJI>>;
6) no,n;aqa a,n;pecoB H neT:au;:aii Ha RMH HMnepaTopa;
B) coa,n;aH:ae no,n;nOJibHhiX opraHH3au;:aii?
3. TeopHH «HeaaMeTHoro cJiymeHHH» np:aabiBaJia:
a) OTKa3aTbCH OT ITOJIRTRqeCKOR ,n;eHTeJihHOCTR R OKa3bi-
BaTb no,n;,n;epmKy npasnTeJihCTBY Ha cBoeM npoq>ecc:aoHaJib-
HOM nonp:a1qe;
6) OTKa3aTbC$I OT ITOJIRTR"'eCKOH ,n;eHTeJihHOCTH R CITOCo6-
CTBOBaTb llpOHRKHOBeHRlO JIR6epaJibHbiX :a,n;eif qepe3 ITOBCe,n;-
HeBHYIO pa60TY Ha CBOeM npoq>eCCHOHaJibHOM nonpmu;e;
B) nponaraH,n;:apoBaTh JI:a6epaJibHbie B3rJIH,D;hl "<Iepea TaH-
Hbie o6rn;eCTBa H HeJieraJibHbie R3,D;aHHH.
3aJJ;auHe 4
ll3BeCTHO, "'TO qaCTb HapO,D;HRKOB nepeCMOTpeJia CBOR
B3rJIH,D;bi :a nepemJia Ha noanu;HH MapKCR3Ma. Ern;e B <PeBpa-
Jie 1881 r. Bepa 3acyJI:aq Han:acaJia IIHChMO K. MapKcy c
npocb6oH: OTBeTHTb Ha Bonpoc o cneu;H<PHKe pa3BHTRH Poc-
c:a:a. IIpo"'RTaHTe oTpbiBOK :aa OTBeTHoro n:acbMa K. MapKca:
H 3 nucbM.a K. M ap~eca B. H. 3acyJLutt,
JIoniJon, 8 M.apma 1881 z.
« t{aCTHaH C06CTBeHHOCTb, OCHOBaHHaH Ha JIH"'HOM Tpy-
,n;e •. • BbiTeCHHeTCH KaiTRTaJIHCTR"'eCKOH "tJaCTHOH C06CTBeH-
HOCTblO, OCHOBaHHOH Ha 3KCIIJiyaTai:r;HR qymoro Tpy,n;a, Ha
Tpy,n;e HaeMHOM>> ...
B aTOM coaepmarorn;eMcH Ha 3ana,n;e npon,ecce ,n;eJio n,n;eT,
TaKRM 06pa30M, 0 IIpeBpam;eHHH O,D;HOH <lJOpMbl "tJaCTHOH
C06CTBeHHOCTH B ,n;pyryiO q>opMy "'aCTHOH C06CTBeHHOCTH.
50
52. Y pyCCKHX me KpeCTb.RH npHIDJIOCb 6bi, Ha060pOT, npeBpa-
THTb HX o6~yiO C06CTBeHHOCTb B qaCTHYIO C06CTBeHHOCTb.
AHaJIH3, npe.n;cTaBJieHHhiM B <<KanHTaJie>>, He .n;aeT, cJie,n;o-
BaTeJihHO, ,ll;OBO,ll;OB HH 3a, HH npOTHB mH3HeCTIOC06HOCTH pyc-
CKOM o6~HHhi. Ho cneu;HaJihHbie H3hiCKaHH.R, KOTOphre .a npo-
¥13BeJI Ha OCHOBaHHH MaTepHaJIOB, noqepnHyThiX MHOM H3
nepBOHCTOqHHKOB, y6e)l;HJIH MeH.R, qTo aTa o6~HHa .RBJI.ReTC.R
ToqKOM onophr cou;HaJibHoro B03pom,n;eHH.R PoccHH, o,n;HaKo
)l;JIH TOrO, qT06bi ORa MOrJia <lJYHKIJ;HOHHpOBaTb KaK TaKOBaH,
HymHO 6hiJIO 6bi npem,n;e BCerO yCTpaHHTb TJieTBOpHbie BJIH-
SIHH.R, KOTOpbiM ORa llO)l;BepraeTC.R CO BCeX CTOpOH, a 3aTeM
o6ecneqHTb eM HOpMaJibHbie YCJIOBH.R CB060,ll;HOrO pa3BHTHH>> .
1. CqwTaJI Jill MapKc, qTo PoccHH o6JI3aTeJibHO ,n;oJimHa
npoii:TH TOT me nyTh pa3BHTH.R, qTo H cTpaHhi 3arra,n;Hoii EB-
porrhr? 2. B qeM OH BH)l;eJI cneu;mpHKY pa3BHTH.R Poccww?
3. KaKoBa B03MOmHa.a cy,n;h6a o6~HHhi B PoccHH?
3a,ZJ;aHne 5
BnHmHTe <PaMHJIHH Tpex Be,ZJ;y~wx KOHcepBaTHBHhiX .n;e.a-
TeJieii 80-x rr.
51
53. § 35. BHEIDH.H.H IIOJIHTHKA
AJIEKCAH,ll;PA III
3aAaHHe 1
3anoJIHHTe cxeMy.
OcaoBHI>Ie aa,u;aqH aaemaeH:
B 80-x - aaqaJie
I I
B Eapone
I
B Cpe~aeH:
A3HH
I I
3aAaHHe 2
noJIHTHKH PoccHH
90-x rr.
I
I
Ha .LI:aJibHeM
BocToKe
I
IJpO'IHTai:i:Te ,ll;OK)'MeHT li ,n;aihe llliCbMeHHhle OTBeThl Ha
BOIIPOCbl.
H 3 nucb.Ma A.n.eKcaniJpa I I I
pyccKo.My nocJLy 6 BepJLune zparpy II. A. llly6aJLo6y,
OeKa6pb 1885 Z.
<•IlpHHII; A.neKcaa.n;p BaTTea6eprcKHH - spar PoccnH, H
llOKy,n;a OH 6y,n;eT TaM o;apCTBOBaTL, ero BJIHHHHe BCer,n;a 6y-
,n;eT ,n;JIH uac apam.n;e6Ho. Ero nporoHHT aerrpeMeHHO paHo
HJIH rro3,n;ao. IIo.n;.n;epmHBaTL ero B .n;ocTHmeHHH o6'be,n;HHeHHH
BonrapHH no.n; ero CKnrreTpoM... 3Ha'IHJIO 6LI Harpam,n;aTL ero
3a BCe ero IIOCTYIIKH, KOTOpLie 3aCJiymHBaiOT He llOO~peHHH,
a HaKa3aHHH. Bnpo'leM, HHTepecLI PoccHH B aacTOH~ee ape-
MH Tpe6yiOT, 'IT06hl Mhl B03,D;epmaJIRCb OT BMemaTeJibCTBa B
.n;ena BanKaHcKoro rronyocTpoaa, noKy,n;a TaM He B03HHKaeT
BOIIpOCOB, 6oJiee llpHMO HaC KaCaiO~HXCH>>.
1. Bo apeMH KaKHX co6hlTHH aa BaJIKaHax 6hlJIO aanzca-
Ho 3TO nHCLMo? 2. Ilo'leMy AneKcaH,n;p III Ha3aan rnaay Bon-
rapHH aparoM PoccHH? 3. B 'leM BLI BH,ll;HTe OTCTyrrneaHe
PoccHH OT caoe:H Tpa,n;HII;HOHHoii noJIHTHKH Ha BanKaaax?
52
54. 3MaRHe 3
IlpOBe~HTe CllJIOillHbl€ JIHHHH Mem~y T€MH CTpaHaMH, KO·
T Ophi€ B 80-e rr. HaXO~HJIHCb B COI03HH'<J€CKHX OTHOID€HH.HX,
H IIYHKTHpHble JIHHHH Mem~y Bpam~yiOID;HMH CTpaHaMH.
ABcTpo-Bearpm1
Poccm1 AHrJIHJI
repMaHHJI
<l>paHD;HJI
3aJJ;aaae 4
3anoJIHHTe cxeMy.
1
IJ,enh
3aJJ;aBHe 5
COI03
Bb16epnTe npaBHJihHhiH OTBeT.
I
3Ha"leHHe
1. OcHOBHhiMH 3~a'<JaMH Poccnn B Cpe~He:H: A3HH 6hiJIH:
a) ycTaHOBJieHHe TBep~biX rpaHHD; c A<}>raHHCTaHoM;
53
55. 6) 6opb6a c AHrJIHe:M: aa rrpeo6Jia.n;aHHe B A<t>raHHCTaHe;
B) aaxBaT Ka6yJia.
2. B 80-e rr. K PoccHH 6hiJIH rrpHcoe.n;HHeHbi ropo.n;a (Boa-
MO:>KHO HeCKOJibKO BapiiaHTOB OTBeTa):
a) TerepaH; 6) MepB; B) KyniKa; r) Ka6yJI.
3. Bome.n;mHM B cocTaB PoccHH TeppHTOpHaM paapema-
JIOCb COXpaHHTb:
a) MYCYJibMaHcKoe BepoHcnoBe.n;aHHe II o6br<IaM; 6) pa6o-
ToproBmo; B) C06CTB8HHYIO apMMIO.
§ 36. IIPOCBEID;EHHE H HAYKA
3a,IJ;aHHe 1
3arrOJIHHTe Ta6JIMD;Y.
KpynHeilutue pyccJCue ucmopwcu Bmopoil noJLOBUHbt XIX 8.
ctJ. H. 0. 0CHOBHhle
BI<Jia~
IlCTOpHI<a aayqHbie TPY~hl
B HCTOpH'leCI<YIO
Hayi<y
3a.IJ;aaue 2
IIpoBe.n;MTe JIMHMM B cxeMe.
Cpe~HHH ypoBeHh rpaMOTHOCTH aaceJieHHJI PoccHH
rpaMOTHOCTh cpe~H :>KeHID;HH
HaceJieHHe co cpe~HHM o6paaoBaHHeM
HaceJieHHe c BhiCWHM o6paaosaHReM
54
113,1%1
121,1%1
56. 3aJJ;aBHe 3
ITpHBe,zv~:Te B cooTBeTCTBHe Ta6nHn;y.
Pycc~eue nymew.ecm8e1uiuKu 8mopoil noJL08U1ibL XIX 8.
N!! <l>aMHJilUI N!! PaHoH uccneAOBaHHH
1
2
3
H. H . MHK.rryxo-MaK-
naii:
<1>. Il. JIHTKe
H . M. IlpmeBaJibCKHH
3a~auue 4
3aiiOJIHHTe Ta6JIHD;Y.
KaMqaTKa, qyKOTKa, o-Ba ce-
BepHo:H qacTn Tuxoro OKeaHa
IOro-BOCTOqHaH A3HH, ABeT-
paJIHH, RoBaR rBnHeH
~eHTpaJibHaH A3HH
Pa3eumue ecmecmeennbLX nay~e 80 8mopoil noJLo8une XIX 8.
OTpacnb HayKH 0TKpblTHe
§ 37. JIHTEPATYPA H H30BPA3HTEJihHOE
HCKYCCTBO
33]1;8HHe 1
Bbi6epHTe npaBHJihHhiH oTBeT.
1. OcHOBHhiM xy.o;omecTBeHHhi M HanpaBJieHHeM B JIHTepa-
Type BTOpo:H noJIOBHHhi XIX B. CTaJI:
a) KJI8CCHD;H3M; 6) pOMaHTH3M; B) KpHTH"<IeCKHH peaJIH3M.
2. M. E. CanTb!KOB-ll.I,e.o;pHH 6MJI HenpeB3o:H,o;eHHhiM Mac-
TepoM:
a) KOpOTKOI'O paCCKa3a; 6) COD;HaJihHOH C8THphi; B) JII060B-
HOI'O pOMaHa.
55
57. 3. <1>. M. ,I:(ocToescKHH rrop; srre~aTneHHeM .n;ena He~aesa
C03,!J;aJI poMaH:
a) «BeChi»; 6) «lipeCTYITJieHHe H HaKa3aHHe•>; B) «~HOT>>.
3a.n;auHe 2
IIpose,n;HTe JIHHRH B cxeMe .
I<l>. M. ,ll;ocToeBCKHH I
•HaKa.ayne• BepxosencKHH
H. C. TypreHeB
JI. H. ToncToii
3a.n;auHe 3
<•ABBa
KapenHna•
•BpaTbR
KapaMa30Bbi•
I•BocKpecenHe•l
IIpo'tmTaii:Te AOKYMeHT.
HHcapos
JleBHH
CMep,n;RKOB
Hexmo.n;os
Ba3apoB
H3 nucMta H. E. Penww H. H. Kpa.MCICOMy, 1874 z.
<< •• •.ff ~eJIOBeK 60-x rop;OB, OTCTaJihiH ~eJIOBeK, ,ll;JI.H MeH.H
em;e He yMepJIH Hp;eaJibi rorOJI.H, BeJIHHCKOro, TypreHeBa,
ToncToro H .n;pyrHx ::ap;eaJIHCTOB. BceMH CBOHMH HHqTo»<Hhi-
MH CHJieHKaMH .H CTpeMJIIOCh OJIHD;eTBOp.HTh MOM H,ll;eH B rrpaB-
,n;e; OKpymarom;a.H »<H3Hh MeH.H CJIHiliKOM BOJIHyeT, He ,n;aeT
liOKO.H, CaMa UpOCHTC.H Ha XOJICT; p;eHCTBHTeJihHOCTh CJIHW-
KOM B03MYTHTeJibHa, "tfT06bl CO CUOKOHHOH COBeCThiO BhllliH-
BaTb y3ophi - npep;ocTaBHM aTo 6narosocnHTaHHhiM 6aphlrn-
H.HM».
1. CyTh KaKoro HanpasneHH.H B HCKYCCTBe BhlpamaroT aTH
cnosa? 2. B KaKHX KapTHHax H. E. PenHH Han6onee .HpKo
Bblpa3HJI «npas,n;y »<H3HH»?
56
58. 3a.n;aaHe 4
BcTaBbTe npony~eaable s TeKcTax cpaMHJHIH xy,n;mKHHKOB
H H83B8HHR HX UpOR3Be,D;eHHH.
1) III:apoqa:Hmyro H3BeCTHOCTh noJiy'IKJia Kapnma
A. K. Caspacosa « •>.
8TO npOH3Be,D;eHHe 6hiJIO BOCUpHHRTO KaK THUH'leCKOe Bbipa-
meaHe pyccKoro ne:H3ama. B KapTHHe CJIHJIHCh 3a.n;ymesaocTh
aeRpKOH pyCCKOH UpHpO,ll;hl cpe,n;HeH UOJIOChl C JII060BhiO K
Heii xy,n;oJKHHKa. CKpOMHOCTR cromeTa cooTseTcTsyeT cKpoM-
aaR II,BeTOB8R raMM8, 6oraT8R OTTeHK8MH, UOJIYTOH8MH, ,li;BH-
JKeHHeM CBeTOTeHH, TOHKO BOCC03,li;8IOID;HMH BeCeHHee npo-
6ym,n;eHHe npHp O,ll;hi.
2) IlpeKpacH hl ero nopTpeThi p yccKHx meHm;H H. Ho cpe-
,li;H HHX Bhi,D;eJIJieTCJI << >> •
Ha cpoae 6JieKJio ro OT Mopo3a o:H ,ll;hiMKH, yxo,n;Rm;ero s,n;aJih
HeBCKOrO n p ocneKTa CH,li;HT, CJierKa npHCJIOHHBillHCb K CUHH-
Ke KOJIRCKH, Bhl3biB8IOID;e Kp8CHB8R, ysepeHH8R B ce6e, rop-
,n;eJIHB8R pyccKaR KpacasHu,a s .n;oporHx Mexax H 6apxaTe.
lf3hiCK8HHOCTh ee O,D;eRHHR OTTeHReT CTpayCOBOe nepo H8
IllJIRne H M8CCHBHbiH 6 p aCJieT Ha 38URCTbe. 06pa3 CJIOji(Hbi H,
HeO,li;H03H8'IHhi H, HO, 6eccnopHO, CyMeJI
BOITJIOTHTh B UOpTpeTe COBepmeHCTBO rop,n;eJIHBOH JKeHCKOH
K paCOThl.
§ 38. APXHTEKTYPA, MY3biKA, TEATP,
HAPO,IJ;HOE TBOPqECTBO
3a.n;auae 1
BcTaBhTe npony~eaHyro s TeKcTe cpaMHJIHIO H H HHII,HaJihi
KOMU03HTOpa H ,li;8HTe UHChMeHHhle OTBeThl Ha BOUpOCbl.
«C8MhiM ,li;OJirOBe'IHhiM H UJIO,li;OBHTbiM H3 'IJieHOB KpymKa
OK838JICR • ••Ilo.n;o6ao .n;pyrHM 'IJie-
H8M <<KY'IKH>> ••• ,li;OJirO OCT8B8JICR
C8M0Y"'I{KQH. Q qeah CKOpO, O,li;H8KO, OH neperHaJI CBOHX TOBa-
pHm;eii, H8ITHCaB CHMcpOHHIO (1865) - nepByiO pyCCKyiO CHM-
cpOHHIO, HMes myro 60JibillOH ycnex y ny6JIHKH.• • 3a CHM-
cpOHHeH C He06bl'laHHOH 6hi CTpOTOH ITOCJie,li;OB8JIH cpa3y T8KHe
Kpynahle sem;H, KaK MY3hiKaJihHaR KapTHHa « Ca,n;KO •> (1866),
BTOpaR CHMcpOHHR «AHT8p» (1868) H, H8KOHeii,, II,eJiaR
onepa «IlCKOBRTRHKa•> ••• (1868- 1871). Pa6oTocnoco6aocTh
57
59. cpe,ll;H 'IJieHOB << KY'IKH », IIHCaBillHX
MY3biKY He TOpOII.HCh, Mem,ll;y ,ll;eJIOM, - y
6biJia COBepmeHHO HCKJIIO'l:HTeJibHa.H. • • <<MaHCKa.H HO'lb>>
(1878) :H OC06eHHO <<CHerypO'IKa» (1880), Haii:HCaHHa.H B He-
CKOJibKO MeC.HD;eB ••. 03HaMeHOBaJIH ero IIOBOpOT B CTOpOHy
aapo)J;Horo rreceHHoro KYJibTa. <•CTbi,li;HO rrpH3HaTbC.H, 3aB:H,ll;O-
Ban •> , - rrHcan o <• Caerypo"t.J:Ke •> "lfaiiKOBCKHH >> .
II. H. Mu.ll-J01W6. 0'-LepKu no ucmopuu pyccKou KY.IlbmypbL
1. 0 KaKOM KpymKe H,ll;eT pe'lh B TeKCTe? 2. C KaKOH
n;eJibiO OH 6biJI C03,ll;aH? 3. Ka.KoB 6hm ero cocTaB?
3a,Z~;auue 2
1. KaKHe 3,ll;aHH.H :H3o6pameHhi aa cpoTorpacpH.HX Ha c . 59?
2. KaKHMH apx:HTeKTopaMH OHH 6biJIH C03,ll;aHbi? 3. B Ka.KOM
apXHTeKTypHOM CT:HJie OHH BbiiiOJIHeHbi?
3a,Z~;auue 3
KaKHe HapO,ll;Hhie MeJIO,ll;HH HCIIOJih30BaJIH B CBOHX IIpOH3-
Be,ll;eHH.HX BeJIHKHe pyCCKHe KOMII03 HTOpbl BTOpOH IIOJIOBHHbl
XIX B.? Coe,ll;HHHTe JIHHHSIMH.
A. C. )J.aprOMhr:>KCKHH.
~BapH~HR ~JIH OpKeCTpa~
H. A. PnMcKn:H-Kopca.KoB.
Orrepa «3oJIOTOH rreTyllloK•
II. H. qaHKOBCJ<HH
4-H CHM<lJOHHH
58
~Bo rroJie 6epe30HbKa
CTOHJia>>
«BHH3 ITO MaTymKe
no BoJire~
61. 3aAaHHe 4
Pa3ra,n;aiiTe KPOCCBOp,ZJ;.
ITo ropn30HTaJni: 1. Bhi,ZJ;aro~niicH TeaTpaJibHhiH apTHCT.
3. Bhi,ZJ;aro~aHCH pyccKaH aKTpHca. 5. ITbeca A. H. OcTpoBc-
Koro. 6. ITbeca A . H. OcTpOBCKOro. 7. rJiaBHaH repOIIH$!
rrheCbi A. H. OcTpoBcKoro. 8. CaMbiii: rrorryJIHpHbiH ,ZJ;paMaTH-
tJeCKHii TeaTp. ITo BepTHKaJII-r: 2. ,n:paMaTypr. 4. rJiaBHaH
repOHHH IIbeCbi <<BecrrpH,ZJ;aHHHD;a>>.
2
3a)l;aHHe 5
3aiJOJIHHTe Ta6JIHD;Y.
4
5
7
XyiJo;JH;ecmBennbte npOMbtC.fl.bt
MecTopacuoJioa<eHHe
0IIHCaHHe
IlpOMbiCJia
,il;LIMKOBO
ra<eJib
60
H3,ll;eJIHH
62. flpoiJOJI.:JICeH.Ue
MecTopacrrono»<eaHe
OrrHCa.BHe H3AeJIBH
IIpOMblCJia
XoxnoMa
CeprHeB Iloca,A
IlaBJIOBCKHH Iloca,A
Ilanex
§ 39. BbiT: HOBbiE qEPTbl B JKH3HH
rOPO,l(A H ,l(EPEBHH
3a,~~;auue 1
IlpH,ll;J'M8H Te CBOIO CHCTeMy 0603HaqeHHH H OTMeTbTe Ha
KapTe:
1. ropo)l;a, HaCeJieHHe KOTOpbiX K KOH~Y XIX B . npeBbi-
CHJIO 1 MJIH qeJIOBeK.
2. CaMyiO npOTH:>KeHHYIO B Mnpe Tenerpaqmyro JIHHHIO.
3. ropO,ll;a, CBH3aHHbi e Me»<,ll;Y C060H TeJie<t>OHHbiMH JIHHH-
HMH .
4. ropo,ll;a, HMeBmHe K KOH~Y XIX B . 3JieKTpnqeCKHH
Tpru~cnopT ( TpaMBaii) .
3a,~~;auue 2
Bbx6epHTe npaBHJibHbiH OTBeT.
1. C KOH~a 70-x rr. XIX B. yJIH~bi IleTep6ypra ocBem;a-
JIHCb :
a ) KepOCHHOBbiMH <l>OHapHMH;
61
63. 6) ra30BbiMH QJOHap.HMH;
B) ::meKTpH'leCKHMH QJOHap.HMH.
2. IlepBbie TeJieQJOHHble JIHHHH no.HBHJIHCb B PoccHH B:
a) 1878 r . ; 6) 1882 r.; B) 1891 r.
3. IlepBbiH TpaMBaii no.HBHJIC.H B PoccHH B:
a) 1883 r.; 6) 1890 r.; B) 1892 r.
3a,ll,auae 3
B CB.H3H c pa3BHTHeM KYJibTyphl, H3MeHeHH.HMH B HH<t>op-
Maii,HOHHoii, TpaHcnopTHOH, QJHHaHCOBOH R TOprOBOH CHCTe-
MaX B KpynHbiX ropo,n;ax nO.HBJI.HIOTC.H HOBbie o6~eCTBeHHble
3,ll;aHH.H. Ilepe'lHCJIHTe KaKHe:
3a,ll,aHIIe 4
IlpO'lHTaHTe OnHCaHHe Tpane3 H Onpe,n;eJIHTe, 0 KaKRX
CJIO.HX HaCeJieHH.H H,ll;eT pe'lb.
1) A eJIH-TO KaKI CHa'laJia no,n;a,n;yT COJIOHHHY c xpeHOM H
KBaCOM, nOTOM ~H HJIH noxJie6Ky C rOB.H,li;HHOH, a TaM ma-
peHbiH KapTO!l>eJib C t.IeM-HH6y,n;b, rpe'lHeByiO Karny C MaCJIOM,
nOTOM nrneHHYIO Kaiiiy C Me,li;OM, 'leM TOr,n;a H 3aKaH'lHBaJIC.H
o6e,n;••• E,n;.aT MOJI'la, 3a roB.a:,n;HHY B xJie6oBe npHHHMaiOTC.H
no yCJIOBJieHHOMY 3HaKy - CTapiiiHH B apTeJIH nOCTY'lHT
JIOmKOH no CTOJIY - H CTaHYT 6paTb Hape3aHHyro rOB.H,li;HHy,
a ,li;O TeX nop HRKTO He CMeeT K HeH npHKOCHYTbC.H.
2) KopMHJIH Hac O'leHb nJioxoii nmn;eii, ,n;a H TO Bnporo-
JIO,n;h; KTO no60H'lee, TOT BbinpaiiiHBaJI y 6yQJeT'lHKa XJie6a,
KOr,n;a ym O'leHb no,n;BO,li;HJIO mHBOT. 06e,n; COCTO.HJI H3 Tpex
6JIIO,n;: nJIOXHX ID;eH H3 Cepoii: KanyCTbl, K KOTOpbiM Bbi,ll;aBaJI-
C.H KYCOK rOB.H:,li;HHbl BeJIH'lHHOH B KBa,n;paTHbiH BepmOK H
TOJIID;HHOIO B 06biKHOBeHHbiH 6JIHH, H3 Tpex KapTo!l>eJIHH H
H3 cynoBOH JIOmKH KaiiiH, eJie npoMaCJieHHOH; 3a ymHHOM
,n;Ba 6Jiro,n;a - 6e3 KapTo<t>eJI.H. YTpOM noJiaraJIOCb no Kpym-
Ke 'laiO H no 6yJIKe, a .•. B n.HTb 'lacoB Be'lepa yme no o,n;Hoii
6yJIKe.
62
64. 3) PoBHO B 12 pa3,D;aBan:cs.r 3BOH ae6oJihmoro KOJIOKOJia,
no.n;Bemeaaoro aa ,D;Bope... n Bee mJIR B JIIO.D;CKyro o6e.n;aTh.
CR.D;eJIR 3a CTOJIOM ae.n;oJiro. EJIR oan M.HCHhle ~n c Kameil,
RJIR Jianmy, RJIR KapTo<t>eJihHYIO noxJie6Ky. .. ITo BOCKpe-
c eHh.HM R ,D;pyrHM npa3,D;HRKaM OHR eJIR <<JKapKOe>) - Te-
JI.HTRHY RJIR CBRHRHy; 3anet:IeHHYIO B orpOMHOM ropmKe
nmeHHYIO Kamy, KOTOpyiO 3aJIRB8.JIR MOJIOKOM.
4) TyT JKe Ha nJio~a.n;n, no.n; OTKphiThiM He6oM, CTO.HJIR
He60JihillRe CTOJihl R CKaMeHKK, rp.H3Hhle, BCer.n;a 3aJIRThle
KymaaheM n pa3HhiMR o6'he,D;KaMR. 3.n;ech u;eJihiH .n;eHh npo-
ncxo.n;nJia KOpMeJKKa... 3a ,D;Be KOlleHKH MOr llOJIY'IRTh MRC-
Ky rop.Ht:IRX ~eH R KYCOK 'IepHOrO XJie6a. .. TYT JKe CTO.HJIO
HeCKOJihKO pa3HOC'IRKOB C He60JihillRMR JIOTKaMH C JieJKaB-
illRMR Ha HHX BapeHhiMH py6u;aMK, ne'IeHKOH, KOJI6aCOH K
o6pe3KaMR M.HCa R CaJia, Ha3biBaeMhiMH <<C06at:IbeH pa-
,ll;OCThlO>).
5) ~eJioBeK BoceMHa.n;u;aTH CH,D;eJio 3a CTOJIOM. IIo.n;aBaJI
6JIIO,D;a JiaKeH BO <t>paKe, B 6eJibiX HHT.HHhiX nept:IaTKax, 3a
HHM CJie,D;OBaJia ropHHt:J:Ha.H B KOpH'!HeBOM mepCT.HHOM
nJiaTbe, B 6eJIOM <t>apTyKe - O'IeHh Hap.H,D;HOM, C 060pKaMH
R llpOillRBKaMK, - ORa 06HOCHJia COyCaMK H llO,D;JIHBKaMK.
3a 3aBTpaKOM noJiaraJIOCh ,D;Ba 6JIIO,D;a - nepBoe M.HCHOe
(pOCT6H<t>, 6H<t>mTeKC, M.HCHhie KOTJieThi C COOTBeTCTBYIO~KM
rapHapoM) HJIH phl6a (6eJiyra, oceTpRHa, HaBara); Ha BTopoe
'ITO-HH6y,D;h MYl:JHOe: TBOpO»<HRKR, 6JIKH'IKKK. 3a o6ep;OM TpH
6JIIO,D;a: cyn C llHpOJKKaMH, Ha BTOpoe - JKapeHhiH ryCh, yT-
Ka, Kypa (no BOCKpeceHh.HM pSI6'IKKK KJIH KH,D;eHKa), Ha
T p e The - rypheBa Kama, B03,D;yillHhiH napor, llJIOM6Hp, MO-
poJKeHOe. Ha CTOJie CTOHJIR TPK 6yThiJIKK c BRHOM - nopT-
BeiiH, Ma.n;epa R Kpacaoe - 6op.n;o.
BoraToe Kyne'IeCTBO - ___________________ ; ropo.n;cKHe
apTeJib H3B03'IRKOB
Ha'IaJihHOe Yl:JKJIK~e ,ll;JIH Kyne'IeCKHX
HH3hl
ChiHOBeH npacJiyra B 6oraTOM
,ll;OMe-
3a;.I.aHHe 5
H3 npe.n;JioJKeaooro nepet:IH.H Bhi6epHTe To, 'ITO HOCKJIH
KpecThHHe BO BTopoH: noJIOBHHe XIX B.
1. ApM.HK. 2. Mya.n;Hp. 3. Py6axa. 4. IIa.n;JKaK. 5. ¢paK.
63
