There are four main types of speeches: informative speeches aim to teach the audience, demonstrative speeches show the audience how to do something, persuasive speeches try to convince the audience to change, and layout speeches outline the structure. Effective public speaking requires clear language, variety, appropriate tone, pace and volume, strong body language, professional dress, eye contact, movement, visual aids if needed, managing nerves, and arriving early. The document concludes by thanking the audience.