This document discusses verbal and nonverbal communication. It defines verbal communication as spoken language, including vocal elements like pronunciation and tone, as well as nonvocal forms like sign language and Braille. Nonverbal communication involves vocal elements like speech pace, pitch, and volume, as well as nonvocal cues. Culture and communication shape each other, as communication defines culture and culture influences how people communicate. Intercultural communication requires awareness of one's own culture, openness to other cultures, and immersing oneself in other cultural practices.

1. Verbal and
Nonverbal
Communication

2. Verbal Communication
A. VOCAL- spoken language
1. Pronunciation/enunciation
2. Tone
3. Loudness and Softness /volume
4. Pause
5. Repetition and rephrasing
6. Form of language

3. Verbal Communication
B. NONVOCAL
1. sign language
2.finger spelling
3. Braille
SEMIOTICS( Semiology)- theory
or study of signs

4. Verbal Communication
3 Types of Signs:
1. Symbol- stands in place of an object.
◦Ex. Flag-patriotism, national pride
◦Cross, water
◦Person- Mother Theresa-compassion
◦Word or Phrase- “Allaho Akbar”

5. Verbal Communication
2. Index- also called natural signs- the
relationship between the word and
what it signifies is natural.
◦Ex. Smoke- fire
3. Icon- representation of an object
that produces mental image of the
object represented.

6. Non-Verbal Communication
I. VOCAL- Paralanguage( the science behind our
tone)
3 ELEMENTS:
◦Speed- speech pace
◦Pitch-indicates the lowness and highness of
voice
◦Volume- power of loudness of your voice
II. NONVOCAL

7. Nonverbal Communication

11. Functions of NVC
1. Sending uncomfortable messages
2. Forming impressions that guide communication
3. Making relations clear.
4.Regulating interaction
◦Nonverbal behavior operates in terms of initiating
interaction clarifying relationships, directing an
orderly conversation(turn-taking)…Leave-taking-
messages that indicates desire to end a conversation

12. Attributes of Effective Communication
Bulan and De Leon(2002)
◦1. clear, accurate, simple, understandable, and not
redundant.
2. Direct and Conversational. Use of short words.
e.g. phone- telephone; Use personal pronoun to
help identify with your listeners. i.e., "I dream of",
"We will survive,” or “Our World”.
3. Use shorter sentence length. Use simple but
graphic words.

13. Effective Communication
4. Use direct and rhetorical questions. Spoken language
demands a response.
5. Employ idiomatic expressions.
6.Use the active voice.
7. More repetitions and restatements must be used to
ensure understanding.
8.Refer to your audience directly and also to time,
place, and occasion.

14. 9. It is vivid as it appeals to the senses of sight, touch,
hearing, smell, and taste.
Effective oral language must be appropriate to the
audience, occasion, speech purpose, and speaker’s
personality:
A. Audience
◦Field of experience of your audience
B. Occasion- is it solemn or humurous?
◦Is it formal or casual?

15. Effective Communication
C. Purpose –Informative discourse is characterized by
the accuracy of vocabulary, explanation of technical
terms, and concreteness of language. Persuasive
discourse focuses on feelings, changing emotions, and
attitudes.
D. Speaker- it should reflect your character, attitudes,
intellectual background, and social background.

16. Culture and Communication
Communication shapes culture, and
culture shapes communication

17. CULTURE
◦refers to the complex collection of knowledge,
folklore, language, rules, rituals, habits, lifestyles,
attitudes, beliefs, and customs that link and give a
common identity to a particular people at a specific
point in time.
◦is defined by the way people communicate, interact,
how information is shared and how decisions are
made.

18. Culture and Communication
Culture is basically a social group’s system of
meanings.( German, Ehninger, and Monroe,2001)
3 Dimensions of Social Life
1.Culture as Lived- culture as we live it defined by
demographics such as gender, sexual orientation,
ethnic background, age, nationality, educational
background, disability, and socio-economic status

19. Culture and Communication
2. Culture as Taught
◦Reflects social values and orientations
a. Ideology-refers to a set of political beliefs or
a set of ideas that characterize a particular
culture.

20. b. Hegemony-
The great
scholar Stuart Hall
(1985) said
“hegemony is
dominance and
subordination in the
field of relation
structures by
power”

21. Hegemony
Ex. Relationships between socio-economic
classes( rich and poor) or sexes (male and
female) are maintained by acceptance of
one’s status and sometimes even by direct
force.

22. 3. Culture as Performed
◦refers to how we communicate with each
other.
◦refers to cultural rules and social roles. Ideas,
attitudes, values, and social character are
incorporated in communication acts through
the process of embodiment.
Reenactment- you behave according to culture’s
rules.

23. Intercultural Communication
◦Refers to situated communication among
persons of different cultural and linguistic
background.
Hindrances in the exchange of ideas:
a. Knowledge
b. Skills
c. Attitudes

24. Conducting Intercultural
Communication properly
A. Be conscious of your own culture.
B. Be open- minded towards other
cultures.
C. Immerse yourself in the practices of
other cultures.

25. Source
https://www.skillsyouneed.com/ips/nonverbal-communication.html