Special Senses: Eye and Ear
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This document defines abbreviations related to the special senses of the eye and ear. It explains that PE tube stands for pressure equalizing tube, which is surgically placed in a child's eardrum to drain fluid and equalize pressure. It also defines EENT as eyes, ears, nose and throat; BC as bone conduction; dB as decibels, which measure sound intensity; and AU as both ears. Additionally, it provides the meanings of several other medical abbreviations including OM, EM, XT, OS, EOM and VA.
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Chapter 13
This document defines medical abbreviations related to eyes, ears, and vision. It provides the full term and abbreviation for terms like pressure equalizing tube (PE), bone conduction (BC), otitis media (OM), emmetropia (EM), exotropia (XT), left eye (LE), and visual acuity (VA). It also lists sources used to define the medical abbreviations.
Chapter 13
This document defines medical abbreviations related to eyes, ears, and vision. It provides the full term and abbreviation for terms like pressure equalizing tube (PE), bone conduction (BC), otitis media (OM), emmetropia (EM), exotropia (XT), left eye (LE), and visual acuity (VA). It also lists sources used to define the medical abbreviations.
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This document defines and explains common medical abbreviations and terms related to the special senses of the eye and ear. It provides definitions for PE tube, EENT, BC, AU, OM, EM, XT, OS, EOM, and VA - which stand for pressure equalizing tube, eye ear nose and throat, bone conduction, both ears, otitis media, emmetropia, exotropia, left eye, extraocular movement, and visual acuity respectively. It describes processes like how bone conduction allows us to hear sound and what otitis media is.
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1) Hearing loss in children can impact language development, academic performance, and social skills.
2) The document estimates that 1 to 3 per 1000 infants and 6 per 1000 children will have permanent sensorineural hearing loss.
3) Early identification of hearing loss before 6 months of age and prompt intervention is important to support auditory brain development and maximize outcomes for children.
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This document summarizes key terminology related to the eye and ear. It defines terms like pressure equalizing tube, which is used to treat reoccurring ear infections or fluid buildup causing hearing loss. Bone conduction is defined as the transmission of sound through the bones of the skull to the inner ear. Otitis media refers to middle ear infections, often following upper respiratory infections. Emmetropia means normal vision, while exotropia is an outward turning of the eye. Visual activity is a measure of vision acuity using a Snellen chart.
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Deafness is usually caused by damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve and can result from congenital defects, injury, disease, medication, loud noise, or age. An audiometry evaluation measures a person's ability to hear different sounds through a painless test, while the Rinne and Weber tests assess for sensorineural or conductive deafness by placing a vibrating tuning fork on the forehead or scalp and asking which ear hears it better. Tympanostomy involves making a surgical incision in the eardrum to relieve pressure or drain fluid.
Dean R Berry Auditory System
1. The sense of hearing begins when sound waves enter the outer ear canal and cause the eardrum and three tiny bones to vibrate, transmitting vibrations through the inner ear to the cochlea.
2. In the cochlea, hair cells are stimulated and send electrical signals through the auditory nerve to the brain where they are interpreted.
3. Problems like earwax buildup, infections, loud noises, aging and damage can cause hearing loss or conditions like tinnitus and vertigo. Protecting ears is important.
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This document defines common medical abbreviations used in eye, ear, nose, and throat exams including: EENT (eyes, ears, nose, throat), VA (visual acuity), STBM (strabismus), AU/OU (both ears/both eyes), BC (bone conduction), OM (acute otis media), PE (pressuring equalizing tube), EM (emmetropia), and EOM (extraocular movements).
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This document defines medical abbreviations related to eyes, ears, and vision. It provides the full term and abbreviation for terms like pressure equalizing tube (PE), bone conduction (BC), otitis media (OM), emmetropia (EM), exotropia (XT), left eye (LE), and visual acuity (VA). It also lists sources used to define the medical abbreviations.
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This document defines medical abbreviations related to eyes, ears, and vision. It provides the full term and abbreviation for terms like pressure equalizing tube (PE), bone conduction (BC), otitis media (OM), emmetropia (EM), exotropia (XT), left eye (LE), and visual acuity (VA). It also lists sources used to define the medical abbreviations.
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This document defines and explains common medical abbreviations and terms related to the special senses of the eye and ear. It provides definitions for PE tube, EENT, BC, AU, OM, EM, XT, OS, EOM, and VA - which stand for pressure equalizing tube, eye ear nose and throat, bone conduction, both ears, otitis media, emmetropia, exotropia, left eye, extraocular movement, and visual acuity respectively. It describes processes like how bone conduction allows us to hear sound and what otitis media is.
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1) Hearing loss in children can impact language development, academic performance, and social skills.
2) The document estimates that 1 to 3 per 1000 infants and 6 per 1000 children will have permanent sensorineural hearing loss.
3) Early identification of hearing loss before 6 months of age and prompt intervention is important to support auditory brain development and maximize outcomes for children.
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This document summarizes key terminology related to the eye and ear. It defines terms like pressure equalizing tube, which is used to treat reoccurring ear infections or fluid buildup causing hearing loss. Bone conduction is defined as the transmission of sound through the bones of the skull to the inner ear. Otitis media refers to middle ear infections, often following upper respiratory infections. Emmetropia means normal vision, while exotropia is an outward turning of the eye. Visual activity is a measure of vision acuity using a Snellen chart.
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Deafness is usually caused by damage to the inner ear or auditory nerve and can result from congenital defects, injury, disease, medication, loud noise, or age. An audiometry evaluation measures a person's ability to hear different sounds through a painless test, while the Rinne and Weber tests assess for sensorineural or conductive deafness by placing a vibrating tuning fork on the forehead or scalp and asking which ear hears it better. Tympanostomy involves making a surgical incision in the eardrum to relieve pressure or drain fluid.
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1. The sense of hearing begins when sound waves enter the outer ear canal and cause the eardrum and three tiny bones to vibrate, transmitting vibrations through the inner ear to the cochlea.
2. In the cochlea, hair cells are stimulated and send electrical signals through the auditory nerve to the brain where they are interpreted.
3. Problems like earwax buildup, infections, loud noises, aging and damage can cause hearing loss or conditions like tinnitus and vertigo. Protecting ears is important.
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This document defines common medical abbreviations used in eye, ear, nose, and throat exams including: EENT (eyes, ears, nose, throat), VA (visual acuity), STBM (strabismus), AU/OU (both ears/both eyes), BC (bone conduction), OM (acute otis media), PE (pressuring equalizing tube), EM (emmetropia), and EOM (extraocular movements).
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Diagnostic tests
The document outlines various diagnostic tests used to evaluate ear function, including:
- Otoscopic examination to visually examine the ear canal and eardrum
- Whispered speech test and pure tone audiometry to test hearing ability
- Tympanogram, auditory brain stem response testing, and electronystagmography to evaluate middle ear and vestibular system function
- Additional tests include MRI, CT scans, and laboratory tests to further investigate causes of hearing or balance issues.
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The document defines medical abbreviations and terms related to the special senses of the eye and ear. It describes a PE tube as a small tube placed in a child's ear drum to drain fluid and equalize pressure. It notes that EENT is an abbreviation for eyes, ears, nose, and throat. It also defines terms like bone conduction, otitis media, emmetropia, exotropia, and visual acuity.
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PE tubes are small hollow tubes inserted into the eardrum under anesthesia to drain fluid and decrease ear infections. Bone conduction transmits sound through the skull bones, causing one's voice to sound different when recorded due to amplification of lower frequencies. Otitis media is inflammation of the middle ear between the eardrum and inner ear, including the Eustachian tube, and is one of two categories that can cause earaches.
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This document discusses various medical terms and concepts related to the special senses of the eye and ear. It defines abbreviations and provides brief explanations for terms such as: pressure equalizing tube (PE tube), which is a small tube surgically placed in a child's ear to drain infections; bone conduction, which is the transmission of sound through the bones of the skull; otitis media (OM), also known as middle ear infection, which is commonly seen in children; and emmetropia (EM), which refers to a state of normal vision.
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This document discusses various medical terms and concepts related to the special senses of the eye and ear. It defines abbreviations and provides brief explanations for terms such as: pressure equalizing tube (PE tube), which is a small tube surgically placed in a child's ear to drain infections; bone conduction, which is the transmission of sound through the bones of the skull; otitis media (OM), commonly known as middle ear infection; and emmetropia (EM), the state of normal vision. Additional terms defined include exotropia, left eye, extraocular movement, and visual acuity.
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This document provides definitions and abbreviations for 10 terms related to biology of the eye and ear:
1. Pressure equalizing tube (PE tube) is a small tube surgically placed in the eardrum to drain fluid and equalize pressure.
2. Eye, ear, nose and throat (EENT) refers to the medical specialty that focuses on these areas.
3. Bone conduction (BC) is the transmission of sound through the bones to the inner ear.
4. Both ears (AU) is the Latin abbreviation meaning "each ear".
5. Otitis media (OM) refers to middle ear infections often caused by pathogens moving from the throat.
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This document defines and provides brief descriptions for several medical terms related to the special senses of the eye and ear. It includes definitions for terms like PE tube, EENT, bone conduction, both ears, otitis media, emmetropia, exotropia, left eye, extraocular movement, and visual acuity.
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The document discusses the sense of hearing and how sound is processed by the auditory system. It begins by describing how sound enters the outer ear canal and vibrates the eardrum. These vibrations then travel via three tiny bones to the cochlea of the inner ear, where they stimulate nerve fibers that transmit auditory messages to the brain. The brain's temporal lobes and auditory cortex then receive and interpret these signals. The document also notes several potential problems that can develop in the ear, such as earwax buildup, swimmer's ear, tinnitus, vertigo, and hearing loss from loud noises.
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This document provides an overview of acoustics and psychoacoustics. It defines key terms like frequency, intensity, wavelength, pitch, and loudness. It describes different types of hearing loss including conductive, sensorineural, and mixed. Common causes of and treatments for different types of hearing loss are discussed. The document also covers acoustic concepts such as localization, masking, and the decibel scale.
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This document provides an overview of the special senses - the eye, ear, nose, and throat. It defines several key terms and abbreviations related to each sense organ. The eye is responsible for vision and light detection, the ear for hearing and sound detection, the nose for smell and breathing, and the throat for swallowing. Several common conditions are also summarized, including visual acuity, exotropia, emmetropia, otitis media, and pressure equalizing tubes.
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This document provides an overview of basic hearing evaluation procedures including audiometry and speech testing. It discusses puretone audiometry including air and bone conduction testing. Normal hearing thresholds and different types of hearing loss including conductive, sensorineural and mixed are defined. Common pathologies of the outer, middle and inner ear that can cause different types of hearing loss are described. The document also reviews different audiometric configurations and treatments for various hearing losses.
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This document contains definitions of medical terminology related to the eye, ear, nose and throat. It defines terms such as pressure equalizing tube, otitis media, emmetropia, exotropia, extraocular movement and visual acuity. It also provides descriptions of bone conduction, recurrent ear infections, and chronic ear infections.
Sona poster
This study investigated the effects of background noise and white noise on the hearing thresholds of round gobies. Hearing thresholds were measured through auditory brainstem responses as the lowest sound level detected. Both noise types increased hearing thresholds, with background noise at 162 dB causing the largest threshold shift of 23 dB for tone burst detection. White noise completely masked tone burst detection at 170 dB. The results indicate noise impairs round goby hearing and will help design effective acoustic traps to control their invasive spread.
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Slide presentation by Margaret Johnson to Samford students on the importance of protecting your hearing.
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The document discusses key concepts in acoustics and psychoacoustics including:
1) The just noticeable difference or difference limen, which is the smallest difference between two sounds that can be perceived, and how it varies based on frequency and intensity.
2) How the minimum difference in frequency, intensity, and duration that can be perceived also varies based on the original frequency or intensity.
3) Key acoustic concepts such as wavelength, reflection, reverberation, periodic and aperiodic sounds, fundamental frequency, and resonant frequency.
Beltone hearing aids
The document discusses Beltone hearing aids and their features. It describes how hearing works and how noise exposure can lead to hearing loss over time. Beltone has been making hearing aids for over 70 years using knowledge of ear anatomy. They produce various types of hearing aids to address different degrees of deafness, from mild to profound. In addition to hearing aids, Beltone offers accessories like an alarm clock that uses light and vibration to wake up users. They also supply replacement batteries in bulk.
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Pure tone audiometry is the main method for testing hearing and involves playing pure tones through headphones while the patient presses a button when hearing sounds. There are two types of headphones: air conduction and bone conduction. An audiogram records hearing loss by plotting loudness against frequency based on results from a pure tone test. Audiograms can show typical age-related hearing loss in higher frequencies or a noise-induced "notch" at 4,000 Hz. Over time, age-related hearing loss can compound noise-induced hearing loss, resulting in a more significant loss of higher frequencies. An audiogram of speech sounds indicates which sounds a person with a given hearing loss wouldn't be able to hear without a hearing aid
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This document discusses noise and its impact on hearing. It defines noise as unwanted sound, particularly loud sounds that can damage hearing. Common sources of noise include music, vehicles, workplaces, and leisure activities. The ear is vulnerable to damage from loud noises because sensitive sensory cells can be permanently damaged or destroyed by high noise levels. The document recommends avoiding excessive noise and wearing hearing protection in very loud environments to prevent noise-induced hearing loss. It also notes that hearing aids can help address hearing problems caused by noise exposure.
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Early detection of hearing loss is important because undetected hearing loss can impair intellectual development, cause poor speech and language development, and lead to serious communication handicaps. The most common causes of hearing loss in children are hereditary factors (49%) and non-hereditary infections, drugs, prematurity, and hypoxia acquired before or after birth (51%). Screening tests for children include auditory brainstem response testing, tympanometry, and pure tone audiometry. Rinne's test and Weber's test using tuning forks can also help evaluate hearing ability.
Communication effects of auditory deprivation
The document discusses binaural summation, which is when sounds are louder when presented to both ears simultaneously rather than individually. It also discusses the effects of auditory deprivation, citing studies that found word recognition scores decreased significantly more in unaid ears compared to aided ears over time. The brain can only selectively attend to messages in a binaurally balanced state enabled by binaural summation. Early binaural fitting of hearing aids may help counter the negative effects of auditory deprivation.
Diagnostic tests
The document outlines various diagnostic tests used to evaluate ear function, including:
- Otoscopic examination to visually examine the ear canal and eardrum
- Whispered speech test and pure tone audiometry to test hearing ability
- Tympanogram, auditory brain stem response testing, and electronystagmography to evaluate middle ear and vestibular system function
- Additional tests include MRI, CT scans, and laboratory tests to further investigate causes of hearing or balance issues.
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This topic seems boring until we read. Most of us avoid this topic but this is importing part of audiometry.
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The document defines medical abbreviations and terms related to the special senses of the eye and ear. It describes a PE tube as a small tube placed in a child's ear drum to drain fluid and equalize pressure. It notes that EENT is an abbreviation for eyes, ears, nose, and throat. It also defines terms like bone conduction, otitis media, emmetropia, exotropia, and visual acuity.
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PE tubes are small hollow tubes inserted into the eardrum under anesthesia to drain fluid and decrease ear infections. Bone conduction transmits sound through the skull bones, causing one's voice to sound different when recorded due to amplification of lower frequencies. Otitis media is inflammation of the middle ear between the eardrum and inner ear, including the Eustachian tube, and is one of two categories that can cause earaches.
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This document discusses various medical terms and concepts related to the special senses of the eye and ear. It defines abbreviations and provides brief explanations for terms such as: pressure equalizing tube (PE tube), which is a small tube surgically placed in a child's ear to drain infections; bone conduction, which is the transmission of sound through the bones of the skull; otitis media (OM), also known as middle ear infection, which is commonly seen in children; and emmetropia (EM), which refers to a state of normal vision.
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This document discusses various medical terms and concepts related to the special senses of the eye and ear. It defines abbreviations and provides brief explanations for terms such as: pressure equalizing tube (PE tube), which is a small tube surgically placed in a child's ear to drain infections; bone conduction, which is the transmission of sound through the bones of the skull; otitis media (OM), commonly known as middle ear infection; and emmetropia (EM), the state of normal vision. Additional terms defined include exotropia, left eye, extraocular movement, and visual acuity.
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This document provides definitions and abbreviations for 10 terms related to biology of the eye and ear:
1. Pressure equalizing tube (PE tube) is a small tube surgically placed in the eardrum to drain fluid and equalize pressure.
2. Eye, ear, nose and throat (EENT) refers to the medical specialty that focuses on these areas.
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This document defines and provides brief descriptions for several medical terms related to the special senses of the eye and ear. It includes definitions for terms like PE tube, EENT, bone conduction, both ears, otitis media, emmetropia, exotropia, left eye, extraocular movement, and visual acuity.
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The document defines various medical abbreviations and terms related to the special senses of the eye and ear. It provides descriptions of terms like PE tube, EENT, BC, AU, OM, EM, XT, OS, EOM, and VA. PE tube refers to a pressure equalizing tube placed in a child's eardrum. EENT is an abbreviation for eyes, ears, nose and throat. BC refers to bone conduction of sound through the skull. AU abbreviates both ears. OM describes otitis media, or middle ear inflammation. EM, XT, OS, and VA define eye and vision related terms like emmetropia, exotropia, the left eye, and visual acuity
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The document discusses several key terms related to the special senses of the eye and ear. It defines a PE tube as a small tube surgically placed in the eardrum to drain fluid and equalize pressure in the middle ear, which is commonly done in children with chronic ear infections. It also notes that EENT focuses on the eye, ear, nose and throat, and that bone conduction allows us to hear our own voices differently than others. Finally, it discusses several medical conditions and abbreviations like otitis media, emmetropia, and exotropia.
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The document discusses several key terms related to the special senses of the eye and ear. It defines a PE tube as a small tube surgically placed in the eardrum to drain fluid and equalize pressure in the middle ear, which is commonly done in children with chronic ear infections. It also discusses EENT as the medical field focused on the eye, ear, nose and throat, bone conduction as how sound is conducted to the inner ear through the skull, and otitis media or middle ear infection which is usually caused by an upper respiratory infection.
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This document defines medical abbreviations related to eyes, ears, nose, and throat. It provides explanations for abbreviations including PE tube, which is a small tube placed in a child's eardrum to drain fluid and equalize pressure in the middle ear; EENT, which stands for eyes, ears, nose, and throat; and OM, which is an abbreviation for otitis media, commonly known as a middle ear infection that is frequently seen in children. The document defines several other common medical abbreviations as well.
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Chapter 13 - Special Senses: Eye and Ear Abbreviations
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Special Senses: Eye and Ear
- 1. Chapter 13 Special Senses: The Eye & Ear By: Litrina Valera
- 2. Overview In this presentation, you will learn the abbreviations that relate to the special senses.
- 3. PE Tube Stands for: Pressure equalizing tube. The PE tube is a small tube surgically placed in a child’s eardrum to help drain the trapped fluid inside the ear. It also equalizes pressure between the middle ear cavity and the atmosphere.
- 4. EENT Stands for: eyes, ears, nose and throat.
- 5. BC Stands for: Bone conduction It is the conduction of sound to the inner ear, through the bones of the skull. BC is reason why our voices sound different to us when we hear ourselves when recorded and played back. We perceive our voices to be a higher pitch than how others actually hear it.
- 6. dB Stands for: Decibel dB measures the intensity or loudness of a sound. 0 decibels is the quietest sound measured, and 120 dB is the loudest sound measured.
- 7. AU Stands for: Both ears
- 8. OM Stands for: Otitis media Seen frequently in children; also reffered to as a middle ear infection. Fluid accumulates in the middle ear cavity, the fluid may be watery or full of pus.
- 9. EM Stands for: Emmetropia State of normal vision.
- 10. XT Stands for : exotropia Outward turning of the eye. Also called wall-eyed.
- 11. OS Stands for: Left Eye
- 12. EOM Stands for: Extra Ocular Movement
- 13. VA Stands for: Visual Acuity Measurement of the sharpness of a persons vision, usually using the Snellen chart and having a person read it from 20 feet away.