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Deafness-Hearing-loss-Presentation.power
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- 4. Deafness and HearingLoss - Deafness, Hearing loss or hearing impairment refers to the total or partial inability to hear.
- 5. Mild hearing loss:Hearing loss of 20 to 40 decibels. Moderate hearing loss: Hearing loss of 41 to 60 decibels. Severe hearing loss: Hearing loss of 61 to 80 decibels. Profound hearing loss or deafness: Hearing loss of more than 81 decibels.
- 7. Deafness – asevere condition that prevents an individual from receiving sound in all or most of its forms. They communicate through sign language. note: in Deaf community, they use two different spellings of the word deaf: Deaf – They used capital D to refer to people who have been deaf all their lives, or since before they started to learn to talk. They are pre- lingually deaf, because Deaf people tend to communicate in sign language as their first language. They identify themselves as a member of the deaf community. deaf - People who identify as deaf with a lowercase 'd' don't always have a strong connection to the Deaf community and don't always use sign language. They don’t identify themselves as part of the community.
- 8. Hearing loss- Thisis a reduced ability to hear sounds in the same way as other people. They usually communicate through spoken language and can benefit from hearing aids, cochlear implants, and other assistive devices as well as captioning.
- 9. Types of HearingLoss 01 02 03 Conductive Hearing Loss Sensorineural Hearing Loss Mixed Hearing Loss 04 Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder (ANSD)
- 10. 01 - occurs whensound conduction is impeded through the external ear, the middle ear, or both. It may also cause by infection or a bone abnormality; or the eardrum may have been injured. This type of hearing loss can often be treated with medicine or surgery. Conductive Hearing Loss
- 11. 02 Sensorineural HearingLoss - results from disease or trauma to the sensory or neural components of the inner ear; the cochlea and involves the hair cells and nerve endings.
- 12. 03 Mixed HearingLoss - occurs when an individual has both conductive and sensorineural hearing loss, or a combination of any of the disorders. This means that there may be damage in the outer or middle ear and in the inner ear or nerve pathway to the brain.
- 13. 04 - a hearingproblem in which the ear detects sound normally but has a problem sending it to the brain. - happens when there is damage somewhere along the hearing (auditory) nerve. This is the pathway between the Inner ear's cochlea (which takes sounds and turns them into messages) and the brain. Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder (ANSD) - Children who are born early or have a family member with ANSD are more likely to have it. Kids with ANSD may: • have trouble telling one sound from another • not understand speech clearly • hear sounds that fade in and out • seem as though their hearing changes
- 14. What Are theSigns & Symptoms of ANSD? Even if a child passes a newborn hearing screening, hearing problems might be noticed over time. Symptoms can start at any age, but most kids with ANSD are born with it. Talk to the doctor if your child does not reach these hearing milestones in the first year of life: •For newborns, startling or "jumping" to sudden loud noises. •By 3 months, recognizing a parent's voice. •By 6 months, turning the eyes or head toward a new sound and repeating sounds (like “ooh” and “aah”). •By 12 months, making babbling sounds, responding to their name, imitating words, and saying a few words, such as "mama" or "bye-bye." As your child gets older, signs of a hearing problem may include: •limited, unclear, or no speech •not seeming to pay attention or follow directions •not responding to conversation-level speech or answering inappropriately •being easily frustrated when there's a lot of background noise •needing a higher TV volume •learning problems
- 15. How Is ANSD Diagnosed? ANSDis diagnosed by an audiologist. An audiologist specializes in testing and helping people with hearing loss. Hearing tests that can help diagnose ANSD include: Otoacoustic emission (OAE): This test measures how well the cochlea works. It's done when the child is lying still or asleep. Tiny earphones are placed in the ear canal. Clicking sounds or tones are made, and electrodes (tiny stickers with wires attached) pick up the response from the inner ear (cochlea). Auditory brainstem response (ABR): This test measures how well the hearing nerve sends sound from the inner ear to the brainstem (the lower part of the brain). This test can show if the brain is not receiving the information in a clear way. Tiny earphones are placed in the ear canal. Clicking sounds or tones are made, and electrodes measure the hearing nerve and brain’s response to the sounds. ANSD is likely when the OAE is normal and there is little or no response during the ABR. Middle ear muscle reflex (MEMR) test: Inside the ear is a tiny muscle that tightens when we hear a loud noise. This is called the middle ear muscle reflex (MEMR). For this test, a soft rubber probe tip goes in the ear canal. A series of loud sounds are sent through the tips into the ears. A machine records how well the middle ear muscle reflex reacts to the sounds. In a child with ANSD, loud sounds don't trigger the reflex or sounds need to be louder to trigger it.
- 16. How Is ANSDTreated? Children with ANSD get care from a team of specialists, such as an audiologist, ear, nose, and throat (ENT) doctor, speech-language therapist, and education specialist. Treatment depends on the child’s age, what part of the hearing nerve is not working, and how much hearing loss there is. Most kids with ANSD benefit from an assistive listening device. These work best when combined with ongoing speech-language therapy to help improve speaking and hearing skills. Assistive listening devices include: Frequency modulation (FM) systems: An FM system helps reduce background noise and makes a speaker's voice louder. The person talking (like a teacher) wears a tiny microphone and a transmitter. The transmitter sends an electrical signal to a wireless receiver that the child wears either on the ear or directly in a hearing aid. It's portable, and can be helpful in classrooms and other loud settings. Hearing aid: A hearing aid amplifies sounds coming into the ear. Hearing aids can help some children with ANSD, especially when used with an FM system. Hearing aids used alone do not help kids with ANSD because they only make the disorganized sound louder. Cochlear implant: A cochlear implant is an option for some kids with ANSD. This surgically placed device bypasses the parts of the ear that are not working properly. It stimulates the hearing nerve directly. With training and therapy, kids with a cochlear implant can learn to hear and speak well.
- 17. Presbycusis (prez-buh-KYOO-sis) - Aconditions that are more common in older people, such as high blood pressure and diabetes, are associated with hearing loss. It is caused by changes in the inner ear that occur as you grow older. Exposure to loud noise - Loud noise can damage cells and membranes in the cochlea. Esp. Gunshot, Fireworks, High Volume of music, or any loud noise above 120 dB Heredity - GJB2-related hearing loss is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder because the mutations only cause deafness in individuals who inherit two copies of the mutated gene, one from each parent. Causes of Hearing Loss Illness - certain diseases can cause hearing loss, including meningitis, mumps, cytomegalovirus and chickenpox. Ototoxic medications - can damage the sensory hair cells that line your inner ears. Head injury - Physical accidents can result in hearing loss when they involve a perforated eardrum, traumatic brain injury (TBI), or skull fracture.
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