The document provides an overview of Solr, an open-source enterprise search platform built on Apache Lucene, highlighting its key features such as reliability, scalability, and fault tolerance. It explains how Solr works, including concepts like inverted indexing, relevancy calculation, and document-oriented data handling. Additionally, it outlines various use cases, capabilities such as geospatial and multilingual support, and cautions against using it for deep analytic tasks.

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Solr on CloudSolr on Cloud
Tallinn University of TechnologyTallinn University of Technology
Introduction to Development in Cloud by Anton Vedešin
Road Management Team

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What is ?What is ?
“ Solr is the popular, blazing-fast open
source enterprise search platform built on
Apache Lucene™.
Solr powers the search and navigation
features of many of the world's largest
internet sites.

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What is not ?What is not ?

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Key aspects ofKey aspects of
highly reliable
scalable
fault tolerant
provides distributed indexing
replication
load-balanced querying
automated failover and recovery
centralised configuration

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Why we need ?Why we need ?
optimised for search
larges volumes of documents
text-centric
results sorted by relevance
read-dominant
document-oriented
flexible schema

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How it works?How it works?

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All terms in the index map to one or more documents.
Terms in the inverted index are sorted in ascending lexicographical
order
Inverted indexInverted index

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Finding sets of documentsFinding sets of documents

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Relevancy calculationRelevancy calculation
term frequency (tf)
inverse document frequency (idf)
term boosts (t.getBoost)
field normalisation (norm)
coordination factor (coord)
query normalisation (queryNorm)
ScoreScore

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Inverse term frequency (itf)Inverse term frequency (itf)
Not all search terms or created equal !Not all search terms or created equal !

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Unstructured dataUnstructured data

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Text-centric dataText-centric data

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Read-dominantRead-dominant

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Document-orientedDocument-oriented

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Flexible schemaFlexible schema

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Keyword searchKeyword search
relevant results must be returned quickly
spelling correction is needed
autosuggestions save keystrokes
synonyms of query terms must be recognised
phrase handling is needed
queries with common words must be handled
show more results if the top results aren’t satisfactory

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Ranked retrievalRanked retrieval

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Faceted searchFaceted search

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ScalableScalable
cache management concurrent queries
CPU & I/O constraints query throughput
number of documents indexed
replicas shards

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Fault-tolerantFault-tolerant
number of documents indexed

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Geospatial searchGeospatial search

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Multilingual supportMultilingual support

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Near real-time search (NRT)Near real-time search (NRT)

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Data modeling featuresData modeling features
Result grouping/field collapsing
Flexible query support
Joins
Document clustering
Importing rich document formats such as PDF, Word
Importing data from relational databases
flat denormalised documentflat denormalised document

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Other important featuresOther important features
Atomic updates with optimistic concurrency
Real-time get
Write-durability using a transaction log

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SolrCloudSolrCloud
centralised configuration
distributed indexing with no SPoF
automated failover to a new shard leader
queries can be sent to any node in a cluster to trigger
a full, distributed search across all shards, with
failover and load-balancing support built in.
fault-tolerance & high availabilityfault-tolerance & high availability
ZooKeeper

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Not to use !Not to use !
request a large result set
do deep analytic tasks
querying across relationships
document-level security

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ReferencesReferences
(Chapter 1 and 3)
http://lucene.apache.org/solr/quickstart.html
https://www.manning.com/books/solr-in-action?
a_bid=39472865&a_aid=1​
https://engineering.linkedin.com/faceting/many-
facets-faceted-search

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Thank you!Thank you!

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