This document discusses solid waste disposal methods and issues in Asia. It defines different types of solid waste and common disposal techniques like composting, incineration, and landfilling. Open dumping causes major pollution problems, while sanitary landfills are safer. Asia faces rapid waste growth due to development and urbanization. Improper disposal pollutes air, water and land, harming human health and economies. Governments need investments in proper disposal facilities and waste reduction programs.

1. Solid waste
disposal

2. -solid waste is any unwanted material
thatis intentionally thrown away for
disposal.
-Commercial Waste- waste from trade or
business.
-Institutional Waste- waste from
institutions ,like schools,hospitals, etc.

3. -Construction/Demolition Waste
-Process Waste- generated from
manufacturing a product or doing a
service
-Agricultural Waste
-Nuclear Waste- to be discussed by the
other group.
-industrial waste- factory waste,
usually hazardous

4. -Domestic Waste – residential waste
* Biodegradable / Compostable waste
-Decomposed to make fertilizer, or compost.
-Composes majority of solid waste
-ex. Fruit peelings, leftover
* Recyclable waste
-Waste that is processed again to make
something else
- Ex. PTE bottles, paper, metal
* Toxic/Hazardous Waste
- Waste that doesn’t fall under any of the other three
categories
-Cannot be composted, recycled, and isn’t toxic.
-Ex. Plastic , ceramic, nailpolish

5. Solid Waste Disposal Methods
-Compositing-decaying of
biodegrable material into fertilizer,
or compost.
-Incineration-involves controlled
combustion of waste in a treatment
facility

6. -Landfills
* Open Dump –waste is simply dumped in
open land and low- lying areas.
* Semi-controlled Landfills- dumped waste is
compacted and covered with soil.
* Sanitary Landfills- engineered system of
landfill
- Ensures that there are no leaks of
toxic
waste into the soil, makes sure it is not
accessible by pests. It’s very controlled
and
very sanitary.
- common in first world countries.

7. Solid Waste Disposal Issues
General Issues in Asia
-The amount of solid waste generation is
usually based on economic development,
industrialization, population density,
urbanization, and consumption.
- This is even worsened by the fact that there
are not enough institutions to effectively
dispose solid waste, because of the lack of
financial resources.

8. -Climate, topography, and geographical location greatly
affect SWD.
North Asia
-Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions can disrupt SWD
sites in North Asia.
-North Asia is highly industrialized , so majority of its
waste are toxic, factory waste.
East Asia
- Solid Waste is increasing by more than 10 % a year in
China because of rapid population growth and booming
economic activity.
-east Asia is also becoming very urbanized, so there are
high rates of construction and demolition wastes.

9. -East Asia is prone to earthquakes and
typhoons.
West and South Asia
-Overpopulation in South and West Asia
greatly affect SWD.
-Many SWD are being used for shelter.
-South and West Asia are becoming more
industrialized, so factory wastes pollute
surrounding areas.

10. Southeast Asia
-SWD is very difficult in SEA because
of its geographic location; the
climate and the topography affect
.
areas for SWD.
-Industrialization of South East Asia
generates toxic factory waste.
-High population density increase
solid waste, and fills up SWD site.

11. Effects of Improper Solid Waste
Disposal
• Improper SWD causes air, land, and
water pollution.
• Uncontrolled burning and improper
incineration generates carbon and
greenhouse gases, polluting the air
• Toxic wastes dumped in open landfills
can pollute the soil, and it can seep into
ground water supplies ,polluting soil and
water

12. • Solid waste can clog drains and sewers,
creating stagnant water for breeding insects.
• Land can get degraded and poisoned.
-because of polluted air, land, and water , it can
cause diseases and sickness in humans.
-improper SWD affects Asian economy.
*the government ends up paying for the impact
of acid rain on crops, medical bills of citizens ,
lost work from sick workers, disaster relief
after floods and earthquakes , etc.

13. • China loses a total of $1.4 trillion annuallytlo cope with
the effects of improper solid waste disposal! (that’s 187
times our national budgets!)
• Solution to Improper Solid Waste Disposal
The government in Asia should work to invest on proper
SWD facilities, like sanitary landfills and incineration
factories. They should also improve solid waste
collection, by making sure they collect most of the
waste and segregating it to make disposal easier.
- Although it is expensive to invest in such, it is far
cheaper in the long run.
- They should also increase awareness throughout all
sectors of society on how they can lesson solid waste,
even in their own homes.
- Without awareness , no solution is possible