Waste is defined as unwanted or useless materials that are disposed of. The Basel Convention provides definitions of waste and disposal. Waste comes in solid and liquid forms from various sources like households, commerce, and industry. Improper waste management can negatively impact human health through chemical poisoning, increased disease, and toxicity. It can also affect the environment by polluting water sources and harming aquatic life. The key to reducing these impacts is following the waste hierarchy of reducing, reusing, and recycling to minimize waste generation and ensure proper disposal.
This document provides an overview of solid waste management in India. It begins with definitions of waste and solid waste. It then outlines the types and sources of solid waste. The key concepts of reduce, reuse, and recycle (3R's) in waste management are explained. Current disposal methods like dumping and incineration are described along with their issues. The magnitude of India's solid waste problem and initiatives like the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan to address it are summarized. The conclusion emphasizes the need for better implementation and enforcement of waste management rules in India.
Waste management involves the collection, transport, processing, disposal, and monitoring of waste materials. There are two main types of waste - solid waste like plastics and liquids like waste water. Wastes can also be classified as biodegradable, non-biodegradable, hazardous, or non-hazardous depending on their properties and effects. Sources of waste include households, commerce, industry, and agriculture. Improper waste management affects human health, the environment, and climate. The 3R approach of reduce, reuse, and recycle helps mitigate these issues. Philippine laws like RA 9003 promote responsible waste segregation, recycling, and disposal.
Municipal solid waste contains a wide variety of materials from both domestic and commercial sources. As India's urban population grows, the amount of municipal solid waste generated is projected to increase dramatically. Effective management of municipal solid waste involves reducing, recycling, composting, landfilling, and converting waste to energy. Current waste management practices in most Indian cities are unsustainable and will need to incorporate more stakeholder participation going forward.
The document discusses solid waste management. It notes that solid waste comes from various sources and is increasing due to factors like population growth, economic development, and industrialization. Improper management of solid waste can cause environmental and health problems by contaminating air, water, and land. Effective management requires proper collection, disposal, and recycling methods like sanitary landfilling, composting, incineration, and recycling to safely dispose of or reuse waste.
This document discusses objectives and key concepts regarding waste management and landfill design. The objectives are to identify waste sources and characteristics, understand waste treatment and disposal processes, risk assessment standards, and share knowledge of chemical, physical and biological waste treatment technologies. It also discusses describing and applying current remediation processes, understanding technology selection criteria, and educating stakeholders on best practices. Key concepts covered include types and classification of wastes, problems with improper disposal, and an overview of waste treatment and disposal methods like sanitary landfilling, including landfill liner systems, operations, capping, leachate and gas management, and monitoring.
Waste comes from many sources such as homes, schools, industries, and agriculture. Municipal authorities collect garbage from bins and dispose of it elsewhere. Waste is any material that is no longer useful in its current form and can cause pollution if not properly disposed of. Waste comes in solid, liquid, and gaseous forms and is categorized based on source and degradability. Improper waste management can negatively impact human health, the environment, and climate change through greenhouse gas emissions. Effective waste management strategies include reducing waste, reusing materials, recycling, proper disposal, and educating the public.
The document discusses different types of waste including hazardous, non-hazardous, and municipal solid waste. It describes the impacts of improper waste management on health, environment, and climate. Wastes are classified as toxic, reactive, infectious, radioactive, ignitable, and corrosive. Effective waste management involves reduction, reuse, recycling, and disposal methods like sanitary landfilling and incineration which both have advantages and disadvantages.
This document provides an overview of solid waste management in India. It begins with definitions of waste and solid waste. It then outlines the types and sources of solid waste. The key concepts of reduce, reuse, and recycle (3R's) in waste management are explained. Current disposal methods like dumping and incineration are described along with their issues. The magnitude of India's solid waste problem and initiatives like the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan to address it are summarized. The conclusion emphasizes the need for better implementation and enforcement of waste management rules in India.
Waste management involves the collection, transport, processing, disposal, and monitoring of waste materials. There are two main types of waste - solid waste like plastics and liquids like waste water. Wastes can also be classified as biodegradable, non-biodegradable, hazardous, or non-hazardous depending on their properties and effects. Sources of waste include households, commerce, industry, and agriculture. Improper waste management affects human health, the environment, and climate. The 3R approach of reduce, reuse, and recycle helps mitigate these issues. Philippine laws like RA 9003 promote responsible waste segregation, recycling, and disposal.
Municipal solid waste contains a wide variety of materials from both domestic and commercial sources. As India's urban population grows, the amount of municipal solid waste generated is projected to increase dramatically. Effective management of municipal solid waste involves reducing, recycling, composting, landfilling, and converting waste to energy. Current waste management practices in most Indian cities are unsustainable and will need to incorporate more stakeholder participation going forward.
The document discusses solid waste management. It notes that solid waste comes from various sources and is increasing due to factors like population growth, economic development, and industrialization. Improper management of solid waste can cause environmental and health problems by contaminating air, water, and land. Effective management requires proper collection, disposal, and recycling methods like sanitary landfilling, composting, incineration, and recycling to safely dispose of or reuse waste.
This document discusses objectives and key concepts regarding waste management and landfill design. The objectives are to identify waste sources and characteristics, understand waste treatment and disposal processes, risk assessment standards, and share knowledge of chemical, physical and biological waste treatment technologies. It also discusses describing and applying current remediation processes, understanding technology selection criteria, and educating stakeholders on best practices. Key concepts covered include types and classification of wastes, problems with improper disposal, and an overview of waste treatment and disposal methods like sanitary landfilling, including landfill liner systems, operations, capping, leachate and gas management, and monitoring.
Waste comes from many sources such as homes, schools, industries, and agriculture. Municipal authorities collect garbage from bins and dispose of it elsewhere. Waste is any material that is no longer useful in its current form and can cause pollution if not properly disposed of. Waste comes in solid, liquid, and gaseous forms and is categorized based on source and degradability. Improper waste management can negatively impact human health, the environment, and climate change through greenhouse gas emissions. Effective waste management strategies include reducing waste, reusing materials, recycling, proper disposal, and educating the public.
The document discusses different types of waste including hazardous, non-hazardous, and municipal solid waste. It describes the impacts of improper waste management on health, environment, and climate. Wastes are classified as toxic, reactive, infectious, radioactive, ignitable, and corrosive. Effective waste management involves reduction, reuse, recycling, and disposal methods like sanitary landfilling and incineration which both have advantages and disadvantages.
The document outlines South Africa's legislative background and current status regarding chemicals and waste management. It discusses the National Environmental Management Waste Act of 2008 and its key provisions, including regulating waste activities through a listing system. The Act aims to protect health and the environment based on a waste hierarchy approach. Key requirements are outlined for generators and transporters of waste, including proper storage, disposal, and permitting. Regulations provide for waste classification, tracking, and information reporting. The overall approach is to manage waste safely and prevent pollution.
Solid waste management involves the collection, transport, processing, recycling, or disposal of unwanted materials. Sources of waste include households, agriculture, fisheries, commerce, and industry. Objectives of solid waste management are public health, reuse, recycling, energy generation, and sustainable development. Improper waste management can negatively impact health, socioeconomics, the environment, and climate through pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Wastes are classified and different types require specific treatment and disposal methods like composting, landfilling, incineration, and secure landfilling for hazardous and biomedical waste.
Waste management refers to the activities of collecting, transporting, and disposing of or recycling waste materials. In India, 62 million tons of waste is generated annually, much of which is improperly disposed of. Effective waste management systems follow the waste hierarchy of reducing, reusing, recycling, and properly disposing of or converting remaining waste. Improving waste management practices can help curb pollution, health impacts, and other environmental issues caused by unchecked waste generation and disposal.
This document provides an overview of solid waste management. It discusses trends in waste generation, the impact of poor management, and the waste management hierarchy. It also covers integrated waste management and the transition to a circular economy. Specific topics include common waste streams, infrastructure, generation rates by region and income level, the costs of inaction, and major dumpsites. The waste management hierarchy of reduce, reuse, recycle is presented. Case studies demonstrate community-based composting and participatory clean city programs. Moving from linear to circular models and regulations to stimulate recycling are also summarized.
Solid waste includes both hazardous and non-hazardous materials that are non-soluble and include items like garbage, demolition debris, and industrial waste. The types of solid waste include domestic, factory, e-waste, construction, agricultural, and food processing waste. India generates over 7 million tons of hazardous waste per year and industries discharge over 150 million tons of low hazard waste. As populations and economies grow, the amount of solid waste is also increasing dramatically. Improper waste management can threaten public health and the environment. Effective management methods include reducing, recycling, composting, landfilling, and technologies like incineration and plasma gasification.
This document discusses different types of solid waste and solid waste management techniques. It describes various categories of solid waste like kitchen waste, e-waste, and plastic waste. It then explains key concepts in solid waste management like reducing, reusing, recycling, collection, transportation, and disposal. The document also summarizes different treatment and disposal methods for solid waste including incineration, landfilling, composting, and anaerobic digestion.
This document provides an overview of clinical and non-clinical waste training. It begins by outlining the aims and objectives of understanding waste streams, segregation requirements, handling procedures, and compliance implications. It then details the various types of clinical, hazardous, and domestic waste, and how to properly classify, store, and dispose of each according to regulations. Emphasis is placed on safety, segregation, documentation, and following waste hierarchy principles of prevention, reuse, recycling, recovery and disposal. Non-compliance can result in costs, penalties, legal action, reputational damage and environmental harm.
This document discusses solid waste management. It defines different types of solid waste and sources of waste. The three main types are household waste, industrial waste, and biomedical waste. Effective waste management involves proper storage, collection, transport, recycling, and disposal. Challenges of improper waste management include health hazards from disease outbreaks. Modern technologies can help improve waste collection efficiency. Public awareness and private sector involvement are needed for better solid waste management.
Solid waste management involves the collection, treatment and disposal of solid waste. The document discusses various aspects of solid waste management including definitions of solid waste and SWM. It describes sources and types of waste as well as common collection and disposal methods like landfilling, incineration, compaction and pyrolysis. A case study on SWM in Mumbai outlines the waste generation, collection processes and disposal methods used. The objectives and importance of effective SWM are also highlighted.
The document discusses the future challenges and opportunities in solid waste management. Some of the key challenges mentioned are increasing waste quantities and changing compositions due to population growth and changing lifestyles, increasing environmental and health impacts of improper waste management, and rising costs of waste management due to more complex technologies needed. Limited policy frameworks and lack of political priority for waste management are also issues. However, the document notes that waste management also presents opportunities like waste minimization, energy and material recovery from waste becoming more viable, and potential for private sector involvement and job creation through recycling industries.
This document discusses solid waste management in Bangladesh. It defines solid waste and describes the different types. It also provides statistics on urban population and waste generation from 1991 to 2025. The waste hierarchy and polluter pays principle are introduced. National strategies aim to increase waste reduction, reuse and recycling. Municipal solid waste, industrial waste, and biomedical waste are priorities. The document outlines various policies, rules, and strategies adopted from 1995 to 2010. It describes several solid waste management projects and concludes by discussing health risks from unscientific disposal and the importance of public involvement in management plans.
ppt includes what is waste ?, basel convention, definition, kinds of waste, classification of waste, sources of waste, impact of waste, waste herarchy, graphs, catagories of waste disposal, impacts of waste on health, impact of waste on environment
This document discusses different types of waste including municipal solid waste, industrial solid waste, agricultural waste, and e-waste. It describes the causes of food waste including lack of planning, confusion over expiration dates, and inadequate storage. The document also discusses the environmental impacts of improper waste disposal such as air, water, and soil pollution. It provides examples of sustainable waste management practices including organic farming, composting, and using recycled materials in road construction.
Basic information on waste management system and the various type of waste and the disposal methods. few requirement to start the waste management company is discussed. also practical challenges were explain with points in the slide
This document provides an overview of hazardous waste management and the design of a hazardous waste treatment center (HWTC). It discusses key topics such as the definition and characteristics of hazardous waste, past disposal practices, waste generation rates by industry, and the objectives and technical design of an HWTC. The proposed HWTC would include several treatment facilities like a liquid waste treatment plant, land farming facility, hazardous and regular waste landfills, solidification and stabilization unit, and incinerator. It emphasizes the importance of proper design, flexibility, environmental monitoring, and a phased approach to attract private investment and handle waste treatment and disposal.
The document discusses various topics related to waste management including:
- The meaning of waste management and different types of waste such as solid, liquid, hazardous, organic, and recyclable.
- Sources of waste like municipal, medical, agricultural, industrial, and electronic sources.
- Methods of waste disposal including landfilling, incineration, recycling, composting, and energy recovery from waste.
- The importance of sustainability and resource recovery in modern waste management practices.
The document discusses waste management practices in India. It notes that India generates around 10-12 million tons of waste annually, which is mostly inert and non-biodegradable. The typical waste management system involves collection, transportation, segregation, treatment and disposal. However, open dumping is common practice and adversely impacts the environment and public health. It also outlines the various waste types (municipal, hazardous, biomedical, electronic), relevant laws and policies, and challenges around lack of awareness, collection/segregation issues. Improved government policies, more sustainable industry practices, and increased public participation are suggested to address the growing waste problem.
This document defines different types of solid wastes and discusses their generation, characteristics, and environmental impacts. It outlines municipal solid waste as generated from households while industrial solid waste encompasses a wide range of materials. Agricultural waste results from crop residues and livestock waste. Hazardous waste poses threats to health and environment. Nuclear waste is divided by radioactivity levels. The document also discusses various waste management methods like collection, recycling, disposal through open dumping, landfilling and incineration.
This document provides information about waste management. It discusses:
- Waste management involves the collection, transport, processing, recycling or disposal of waste materials. The goal is to recover resources and reduce waste's impact on health and the environment.
- Management approaches differ between developed and developing nations, as well as urban and rural areas. Residential waste is usually managed by local governments, while commercial/industrial waste is managed by generators.
- Key waste management concepts include the waste hierarchy, extended producer responsibility, and the polluter pays principle.
- The waste management market in India was valued at INR 10 billion in 2008 and is projected to reach INR 27 billion by 2013. The main waste streams managed are municipal,
Based on the mode of action, the major food preservation techniques can be categorized as: (1) slowing down or inhibiting chemical deterioration and microbial growth, (2) directly inactivating bacteria, yeasts, molds, or enzymes, and (3) avoiding recontamination before and after processing.
Waste can have negative impacts on human health, the environment, and climate if not managed properly. The document defines different types of waste such as solid, liquid, hazardous, and non-hazardous waste. It also discusses waste classification based on properties, effects, and origin. Sources of waste are listed as households, commerce, industry and others. The magnitude of the waste problem in India is explained. Impacts of improper waste management discussed are effects on health, socio-economics, coastal areas, and climate change. The waste hierarchy of reduce, reuse and recycle is also mentioned.
The document outlines South Africa's legislative background and current status regarding chemicals and waste management. It discusses the National Environmental Management Waste Act of 2008 and its key provisions, including regulating waste activities through a listing system. The Act aims to protect health and the environment based on a waste hierarchy approach. Key requirements are outlined for generators and transporters of waste, including proper storage, disposal, and permitting. Regulations provide for waste classification, tracking, and information reporting. The overall approach is to manage waste safely and prevent pollution.
Solid waste management involves the collection, transport, processing, recycling, or disposal of unwanted materials. Sources of waste include households, agriculture, fisheries, commerce, and industry. Objectives of solid waste management are public health, reuse, recycling, energy generation, and sustainable development. Improper waste management can negatively impact health, socioeconomics, the environment, and climate through pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Wastes are classified and different types require specific treatment and disposal methods like composting, landfilling, incineration, and secure landfilling for hazardous and biomedical waste.
Waste management refers to the activities of collecting, transporting, and disposing of or recycling waste materials. In India, 62 million tons of waste is generated annually, much of which is improperly disposed of. Effective waste management systems follow the waste hierarchy of reducing, reusing, recycling, and properly disposing of or converting remaining waste. Improving waste management practices can help curb pollution, health impacts, and other environmental issues caused by unchecked waste generation and disposal.
This document provides an overview of solid waste management. It discusses trends in waste generation, the impact of poor management, and the waste management hierarchy. It also covers integrated waste management and the transition to a circular economy. Specific topics include common waste streams, infrastructure, generation rates by region and income level, the costs of inaction, and major dumpsites. The waste management hierarchy of reduce, reuse, recycle is presented. Case studies demonstrate community-based composting and participatory clean city programs. Moving from linear to circular models and regulations to stimulate recycling are also summarized.
Solid waste includes both hazardous and non-hazardous materials that are non-soluble and include items like garbage, demolition debris, and industrial waste. The types of solid waste include domestic, factory, e-waste, construction, agricultural, and food processing waste. India generates over 7 million tons of hazardous waste per year and industries discharge over 150 million tons of low hazard waste. As populations and economies grow, the amount of solid waste is also increasing dramatically. Improper waste management can threaten public health and the environment. Effective management methods include reducing, recycling, composting, landfilling, and technologies like incineration and plasma gasification.
This document discusses different types of solid waste and solid waste management techniques. It describes various categories of solid waste like kitchen waste, e-waste, and plastic waste. It then explains key concepts in solid waste management like reducing, reusing, recycling, collection, transportation, and disposal. The document also summarizes different treatment and disposal methods for solid waste including incineration, landfilling, composting, and anaerobic digestion.
This document provides an overview of clinical and non-clinical waste training. It begins by outlining the aims and objectives of understanding waste streams, segregation requirements, handling procedures, and compliance implications. It then details the various types of clinical, hazardous, and domestic waste, and how to properly classify, store, and dispose of each according to regulations. Emphasis is placed on safety, segregation, documentation, and following waste hierarchy principles of prevention, reuse, recycling, recovery and disposal. Non-compliance can result in costs, penalties, legal action, reputational damage and environmental harm.
This document discusses solid waste management. It defines different types of solid waste and sources of waste. The three main types are household waste, industrial waste, and biomedical waste. Effective waste management involves proper storage, collection, transport, recycling, and disposal. Challenges of improper waste management include health hazards from disease outbreaks. Modern technologies can help improve waste collection efficiency. Public awareness and private sector involvement are needed for better solid waste management.
Solid waste management involves the collection, treatment and disposal of solid waste. The document discusses various aspects of solid waste management including definitions of solid waste and SWM. It describes sources and types of waste as well as common collection and disposal methods like landfilling, incineration, compaction and pyrolysis. A case study on SWM in Mumbai outlines the waste generation, collection processes and disposal methods used. The objectives and importance of effective SWM are also highlighted.
The document discusses the future challenges and opportunities in solid waste management. Some of the key challenges mentioned are increasing waste quantities and changing compositions due to population growth and changing lifestyles, increasing environmental and health impacts of improper waste management, and rising costs of waste management due to more complex technologies needed. Limited policy frameworks and lack of political priority for waste management are also issues. However, the document notes that waste management also presents opportunities like waste minimization, energy and material recovery from waste becoming more viable, and potential for private sector involvement and job creation through recycling industries.
This document discusses solid waste management in Bangladesh. It defines solid waste and describes the different types. It also provides statistics on urban population and waste generation from 1991 to 2025. The waste hierarchy and polluter pays principle are introduced. National strategies aim to increase waste reduction, reuse and recycling. Municipal solid waste, industrial waste, and biomedical waste are priorities. The document outlines various policies, rules, and strategies adopted from 1995 to 2010. It describes several solid waste management projects and concludes by discussing health risks from unscientific disposal and the importance of public involvement in management plans.
ppt includes what is waste ?, basel convention, definition, kinds of waste, classification of waste, sources of waste, impact of waste, waste herarchy, graphs, catagories of waste disposal, impacts of waste on health, impact of waste on environment
This document discusses different types of waste including municipal solid waste, industrial solid waste, agricultural waste, and e-waste. It describes the causes of food waste including lack of planning, confusion over expiration dates, and inadequate storage. The document also discusses the environmental impacts of improper waste disposal such as air, water, and soil pollution. It provides examples of sustainable waste management practices including organic farming, composting, and using recycled materials in road construction.
Basic information on waste management system and the various type of waste and the disposal methods. few requirement to start the waste management company is discussed. also practical challenges were explain with points in the slide
This document provides an overview of hazardous waste management and the design of a hazardous waste treatment center (HWTC). It discusses key topics such as the definition and characteristics of hazardous waste, past disposal practices, waste generation rates by industry, and the objectives and technical design of an HWTC. The proposed HWTC would include several treatment facilities like a liquid waste treatment plant, land farming facility, hazardous and regular waste landfills, solidification and stabilization unit, and incinerator. It emphasizes the importance of proper design, flexibility, environmental monitoring, and a phased approach to attract private investment and handle waste treatment and disposal.
The document discusses various topics related to waste management including:
- The meaning of waste management and different types of waste such as solid, liquid, hazardous, organic, and recyclable.
- Sources of waste like municipal, medical, agricultural, industrial, and electronic sources.
- Methods of waste disposal including landfilling, incineration, recycling, composting, and energy recovery from waste.
- The importance of sustainability and resource recovery in modern waste management practices.
The document discusses waste management practices in India. It notes that India generates around 10-12 million tons of waste annually, which is mostly inert and non-biodegradable. The typical waste management system involves collection, transportation, segregation, treatment and disposal. However, open dumping is common practice and adversely impacts the environment and public health. It also outlines the various waste types (municipal, hazardous, biomedical, electronic), relevant laws and policies, and challenges around lack of awareness, collection/segregation issues. Improved government policies, more sustainable industry practices, and increased public participation are suggested to address the growing waste problem.
This document defines different types of solid wastes and discusses their generation, characteristics, and environmental impacts. It outlines municipal solid waste as generated from households while industrial solid waste encompasses a wide range of materials. Agricultural waste results from crop residues and livestock waste. Hazardous waste poses threats to health and environment. Nuclear waste is divided by radioactivity levels. The document also discusses various waste management methods like collection, recycling, disposal through open dumping, landfilling and incineration.
This document provides information about waste management. It discusses:
- Waste management involves the collection, transport, processing, recycling or disposal of waste materials. The goal is to recover resources and reduce waste's impact on health and the environment.
- Management approaches differ between developed and developing nations, as well as urban and rural areas. Residential waste is usually managed by local governments, while commercial/industrial waste is managed by generators.
- Key waste management concepts include the waste hierarchy, extended producer responsibility, and the polluter pays principle.
- The waste management market in India was valued at INR 10 billion in 2008 and is projected to reach INR 27 billion by 2013. The main waste streams managed are municipal,
Based on the mode of action, the major food preservation techniques can be categorized as: (1) slowing down or inhibiting chemical deterioration and microbial growth, (2) directly inactivating bacteria, yeasts, molds, or enzymes, and (3) avoiding recontamination before and after processing.
Waste can have negative impacts on human health, the environment, and climate if not managed properly. The document defines different types of waste such as solid, liquid, hazardous, and non-hazardous waste. It also discusses waste classification based on properties, effects, and origin. Sources of waste are listed as households, commerce, industry and others. The magnitude of the waste problem in India is explained. Impacts of improper waste management discussed are effects on health, socio-economics, coastal areas, and climate change. The waste hierarchy of reduce, reuse and recycle is also mentioned.
Waste can have negative impacts on human health, the environment, and climate if not managed properly. The document defines different types of waste such as solid, liquid, hazardous, and non-hazardous waste. It discusses waste management concepts like the waste hierarchy of reduce, reuse, recycle. Exposure to waste can occur through ingestion, inhalation, dermal contact and can increase risks of diseases. Improper waste disposal into water bodies or direct dumping can negatively affect plants, animals and coastal/marine environments. The document emphasizes the importance of proper waste treatment and disposal methods like resource recovery, composting, and energy recovery to mitigate impacts.
The document defines different types of waste and provides examples. It discusses solid waste, liquid waste, and other categories such as hazardous, non-hazardous, municipal, and e-waste. It also covers the impacts of waste if not managed properly, including effects on health, the environment and climate change. Greenhouse gas emissions from waste decomposition are a contributor to global warming. The waste hierarchy of reduce, reuse and recycle is also mentioned as an approach to sustainable waste management.
What is Waste Management, types of waste management system.pdfaqibjaved773097
What are Wastes?
Waste (also known as rubbish, trash, refuse, garbage, junk, litter, and ort) is unwanted or useless materials. In biology, waste is any of the many unwanted substances or toxins that are expelled from living organisms, metabolic waste; such as urea and sweat.
This certificate certifies that Vivek Jain completed a school project on "Waste Management" in the 2016-17 year. The principal confirms that the project was Vivek's original work completed with guidance. Vivek thanks his school for the opportunity to present. The document then outlines different types of waste, effects of waste, and methods for waste disposal and recycling. It concludes by discussing the need for improved waste management policies in India.
Dr. Sami Lakkis - Impact of Untreated Urban and Industrial Solid WasteHudhaib Al-Allatti
The document discusses the impacts of untreated urban and industrial solid waste on the environment. It provides an overview of solid waste management practices around the world, including reduction, recycling, reuse, and various waste processing methods like landfilling, incineration, and recovery. Improper disposal of hazardous wastes and lack of proper regulation are highlighted as major issues, posing risks to human health and the environment through water and soil contamination and emissions of toxic and long-lasting pollutants.
Health Aspects Related to Waste Management DisposalMafie Falcon
This document discusses different types of waste and waste management strategies. It defines waste and describes municipal, hazardous, agricultural, and other forms of waste. It then explains common waste management approaches like recycling, composting, incineration, landfilling, and their environmental and health impacts. Specific pollutants from landfilling and incineration are identified that can cause issues like cancer, respiratory illness, and birth defects. The need for regulatory legislation to safely manage waste is also mentioned.
Solid waste comes from various sources like households, businesses, industries, agriculture, hospitals, and hotels. It is classified based on its properties as biodegradable or non-biodegradable. Improper management of solid waste impacts society, climate, environment and health. The key laws around solid waste management in the Philippines are the Ecological Solid Waste Management Act of 2000 and the Local Government Code. Common methods of disposal include landfilling, incineration, composting, recycling, and emerging options like plasma gasification. Each method has advantages and disadvantages related to cost, environmental impact, and energy usage.
The document discusses different types of waste and waste management technologies. It defines solid waste and municipal solid waste. It then describes various waste treatment technologies like incineration, gasification, and plasma gasification that convert waste into energy. These thermal processes break down waste using high temperatures to produce syngas, ash, and heat energy that can be used for electricity generation and other applications. The technologies allow for waste treatment while also recovering resources and energy from waste.
Industrial pollution is a major cause of environmental degradation and comes from waste generated by industrial activities. The document discusses various types of industrial pollution like air, water, soil, and noise pollution. It provides examples of wastes produced from different industries like dyes, fertilizers, oil refineries, etc. and the pollution they cause. Methods to control industrial pollution include proper waste treatment and management as well as stringent government regulations.
Waste management involves the collection, transport, processing, recycling or disposal of waste materials. The main goal is to conserve resources that are being depleted due to rising population and consumption. The document discusses India's municipal solid waste management challenges including the amounts and types of waste generated, health impacts, and management processes like collection, segregation, recycling, composting, and landfilling. It provides statistics on the amounts of waste generated and processed in India as well as the projected increases in waste if no action is taken.
Pollution refers to the introduction of harmful substances into the environment that cause damage. There are several types of pollution including air, water, soil, noise, thermal, radioactive, and solid waste pollution. Each type has different causes such as industries, vehicles, waste dumping, and farming practices. The effects include harm to human health, plants, and animals as well as environmental damage. Various control measures can be taken to reduce pollution like regulations, waste treatment, alternative energy sources, and education. Individual actions also contribute to pollution problems or solutions.
This document discusses various types of environmental pollution including definitions, causes, effects, and measures to address different types of pollution. It covers air, water, noise, light, soil pollution as well as general pollution statistics. For each type of pollution, the document defines it, discusses sources and pollutants, effects on health and environment, and methods to control and prevent further pollution. Overall, the document provides a broad overview of different kinds of environmental pollution and approaches to tackle this global issue.
The document discusses various topics related to solid, toxic, and hazardous waste management including: the types of waste (domestic, industrial, etc.); current disposal methods like open dumping, ocean dumping, landfilling, and incineration; ways to reduce waste through reuse, reduce, and recycling; hazardous and toxic wastes and the regulations that govern their disposal like RCRA and CERCLA; and challenges like contaminated brownfield sites and long-term storage of hazardous materials.
Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies by harmful substances. The document discusses various sources and causes of water pollution including point sources like pipes discharging sewage, and non-point sources like runoff from agricultural lands. It also describes common indicators of water pollution and different types of pollutants like industrial waste, agricultural chemicals, and domestic sewage. The document then discusses various water treatment methods including primary, secondary, and tertiary treatments. It provides case studies on pollution in the Ganges River in India and Minamata disease caused by mercury poisoning in Japan.
Solid waste disposal and mangrove destructionsana sana
This document discusses solid waste and mangroves. It defines different types of solid waste and their impacts. It also describes mangroves' ecological functions in protecting coastlines and supporting fisheries. The causes of mangrove destruction include activities like aquaculture, infrastructure development, and harvesting. Losing these ecosystems puts coastal communities at risk by reducing regulatory services and increasing vulnerability to storms.
This document discusses different types of solid waste and technologies for waste-to-energy conversion. It defines solid waste and categorizes it as municipal solid waste, hazardous waste, medical waste, and e-waste. It then describes various waste-to-energy technologies like incineration, gasification, pyrolysis, anaerobic digestion, and fermentation that can convert solid waste into energy sources like electricity, biogas, or liquid fuels. The technologies are compared in terms of their processes, energy outputs, advantages, and challenges.
This presentation was presented in 'The Lahore Project' Monthly Discussion Forum on Environment, introducing the scope of the sector, key concepts, issues and strategies for a sustainable urban ecology by Rafia Kamal, on 21st Aug.2013 at Dabistan-e-Iqbal, (2-S, Gulberg II) Lahore.
This document defines various types of wastes and provides classifications. It discusses solid wastes, liquid wastes, hazardous wastes, and other categories. Universal wastes and e-wastes are defined. The impacts of improper waste management on health, environment and climate are outlined. The waste hierarchy of reduce, reuse and recycle is presented as the optimal approach. Employee education and various waste diversion strategies like donating, exchanging and reducing are recommended actions.
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies.EpconLP
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies. With over 4000 installations worldwide, EPCON has been pioneering new techniques since 1977 that have become industry standards now. Founded in 1977, Epcon has grown from a one-man operation to a global leader in developing and manufacturing innovative air pollution control technology and industrial heating equipment.
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...Joshua Orris
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
Climate Change All over the World .pptxsairaanwer024
Climate change refers to significant and lasting changes in the average weather patterns over periods ranging from decades to millions of years. It encompasses both global warming driven by human emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. While climate change is a natural phenomenon, human activities, particularly since the Industrial Revolution, have accelerated its pace and intensity
Presented by The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action at GLF Peatlands 2024 - The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.
ENVIRONMENT~ Renewable Energy Sources and their future prospects.tiwarimanvi3129
This presentation is for us to know that how our Environment need Attention for protection of our natural resources which are depleted day by day that's why we need to take time and shift our attention to renewable energy sources instead of non-renewable sources which are better and Eco-friendly for our environment. these renewable energy sources are so helpful for our planet and for every living organism which depends on environment.
Microbial characterisation and identification, and potability of River Kuywa ...Open Access Research Paper
Water contamination is one of the major causes of water borne diseases worldwide. In Kenya, approximately 43% of people lack access to potable water due to human contamination. River Kuywa water is currently experiencing contamination due to human activities. Its water is widely used for domestic, agricultural, industrial and recreational purposes. This study aimed at characterizing bacteria and fungi in river Kuywa water. Water samples were randomly collected from four sites of the river: site A (Matisi), site B (Ngwelo), site C (Nzoia water pump) and site D (Chalicha), during the dry season (January-March 2018) and wet season (April-July 2018) and were transported to Maseno University Microbiology and plant pathology laboratory for analysis. The characterization and identification of bacteria and fungi were carried out using standard microbiological techniques. Nine bacterial genera and three fungi were identified from Kuywa river water. Clostridium spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterobacter spp., Streptococcus spp., E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Shigella spp., Proteus spp. and Salmonella spp. Fungi were Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus flavus complex and Penicillium species. Wet season recorded highest bacterial and fungal counts (6.61-7.66 and 3.83-6.75cfu/ml) respectively. The results indicated that the river Kuywa water is polluted and therefore unsafe for human consumption before treatment. It is therefore recommended that the communities to ensure that they boil water especially for drinking.
2. What are Wastes?
Waste (also known as rubbish, trash, refuse, garbage, junk, litter,
and ort) is unwanted or useless materials. In biology, waste is
any of the many unwanted substances or toxins that are
expelled from living organisms, metabolic waste; such as urea
and sweat.
Basel Convention Definition of Wastes
“substances or objects which are disposed of or are intended
to be disposed of or are required to be disposed of by the
provisions of the law”
Disposal means
“any operation which may lead to resource recovery,
recycling, reclamation, direct re-use or alternative uses
(Annex IVB of the Basel convention)”
3. Basel Convention
• The Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of
Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal, usually known simply as Basel
Convention, is an international treaty that was designed to reduce the
movements of hazardous waste between nations, specially to prevent
transfer of hazardous waste from developed to less developed countries
(LDCs). It does not, however, address the movement of radioactive waste.
The convention is also intended to minimize the amount and toxicity of
wastes generated, to ensure their environmentally sound management as
closely as possible to the source of generation, and to assist LDCs in
environmentally sound management of the hazardous and other wastes
they generate.
• The Convention was opened for signature on 22nd March 1989, and
entered into force on 5 May 1992.
4. The definition…………
• Produced by the United Nations Statistics Division (U.N.S.D.):
"Wastes are materials that are not prime products (that is
products produced for the market) for which the generator
has no further use in terms of his/her own purposes of
production, transformation or consumption, and of which
he/she wants to dispose. Wastes may be generated during the
extraction of raw materials, the processing of raw materials
into intermediate and final products, the consumption of final
products, and other human activities. Residuals recycled or
reused at the place of generation are excluded."
5. Kinds of Wastes
Solid wastes: wastes in solid forms, domestic, commercial and
industrial wastes
Examples: plastics, styrofoam containers, bottles,
cans, papers, scrap iron, and other trash
Liquid Wastes: wastes in liquid form
Examples: domestic washings, chemicals, oils, waste
water from ponds, manufacturing industries
and other sources
6. According to EPA regulations, SOLID WASTE is
• Any garbage or refuse (Municipal Solid Waste)
• Sludge from a wastewater treatment plant, water
supply treatment plant, or air pollution control
facility
• Other discarded material
• Solid, liquid, semi-solid, or contained gaseous
material from industrial, commercial, mining, and
agricultural operations, and from community
activities
http://www.epa.gov/epaoswer/osw/basifact.htm#solidwaste
7. Classification of Wastes according to
their Properties
Bio-degradable
can be degraded (paper, wood, fruits and
others)
Non-biodegradable
cannot be degraded (plastics, bottles, old
machines,cans, styrofoam containers and
others)
8. Classification of Wastes according to
their Effects on Human Health and the
Environment
• Hazardous wastes
• Substances unsafe to use commercially,
industrially, agriculturally, or economically and
have any of the following properties- ignitability,
corrosivity, reactivity & toxicity.
• Non-hazardous
• Substances safe to use commercially,
industrially, agriculturally, or economically and
do not have any of those properties mentioned
above. These substances usually create disposal
problems.
9. Classification of wastes according to their origin
and type
• Municipal Solid wastes: Solid wastes that include household garbage, rubbish,
construction & demolition debris, sanitation residues, packaging materials, trade
refuges etc. are managed by any municipality.
• Bio-medical wastes: Solid or liquid wastes including containers, intermediate or
end products generated during diagnosis, treatment & research activities of
medical sciences.
• Industrial wastes: Liquid and solid wastes that are generated by manufacturing &
processing units of various industries like chemical, petroleum, coal, metal gas,
sanitary & paper etc.
• Agricultural wastes: Wastes generated from farming activities. These substances
are mostly biodegradable.
• Fishery wastes: Wastes generated due to fishery activities. These are extensively
found in coastal & estuarine areas.
• Radioactive wastes: Waste containing radioactive materials. Usually these are
byproducts of nuclear processes. Sometimes industries that are not directly
involved in nuclear activities, may also produce some radioactive wastes, e.g.
radio-isotopes, chemical sludge etc.
• E-wastes: Electronic wastes generated from any modern establishments. They may
be described as discarded electrical or electronic devices. Some electronic scrap
components, such as CRTs, may contain contaminants such as Pb, Cd, Be or
brominated flame retardants.
11. MAGNITUDE OF PROBLEM: Indian scenario
- Per capita waste generation increasing by 1.3% per annum
- With urban population increasing between 3 – 3.5% per
annum
- Yearly increase in waste generation is around 5% annually
- India produces more than 42.0 million tons of municipal
solid waste annually.
- Per capita generation of waste varies from 200 gm to 600 gm
per capita / day. Average generation rate at 0.4 kg per
capita per day in 0.1 million plus towns.
12. IMPACTS OF WASTE IF NOT MANAGED WISELY
•Affects our health
•Affects our socio-economic conditions
•Affects our coastal and marine environment
•Affects our climate
•GHGs are accumulating in Earth’s atmosphere as a result of human
activities, causing global mean surface air temperature and
subsurface ocean temperature to rise.
•Rising global temperatures are expected to raise sea levels and change
precipitation and other local climate conditions.
•Changing regional climates could alter forests, crop yields, and water
supplies.
•This could also affect human health, animals, and many types of
ecosystems.
•Deserts might expand into existing rangelands, and features of some of
our national parks might be permanently altered.
13. IMPACTS OF WASTE…
- Some countries are expected to become warmer,
although sulfates might limit warming in some areas.
- Scientists are unable to determine which parts of those
countries will become wetter or drier, but there is likely
to be an overall trend toward increased precipitation and
evaporation, more intense rainstorms, and drier soils.
- Whether rainfall increases or decreases cannot be
reliably projected for specific areas.
14. Impacts of waste….
• Activities that have altered the chemical composition of the atmosphere:
- Buildup of GHGs primarily carbon dioxide (CO2) methane (CH4), and
nitrous oxide (N20).
- C02 is released to the atmosphere by the burning of fossil fuels, wood
and wood products, and solid waste.
- CH4 is emitted from the decomposition of organic wastes in landfills, the
raising of livestock, and the production and transport of coal, natural gas,
and oil.
- N02 is emitted during agricultural and industrial activities, as well as
during combustion of solid waste and fossil fuels. In 1977, the US
emitted about one-fifth of total global GHGs.
15. SOURCES OF HUMAN EXPOSURES
Exposures occurs through
• Ingestion of contaminated water or food
• Contact with disease vectors
• Inhalation
• Dermal
16. Points of contact
• Soil adsorption, storage and biodegrading
• Plant uptake
• Ventilation
• Runoff
• Leaching
• Insects, birds, rats, flies and animals
• Direct dumping of untreated waste in seas,
rivers and lakes results in the plants and
animals that feed on it
19. “By recycling almost 8 million tons of metals (which includes aluminum, steel,
and mixed metals), we eliminated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions totaling
more than 26 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MMTCO2E). This
is equivalent to removing more than 5 million cars from the road for one year.”
20. CATEGORIES OF WASTE DISPOSAL
1. DILUTE AND
DISPERSE
(ATTENUATION)
Throw it in the river /
lake / sea
Burn it
Basically this involves spreading trash thinly
over a large area to minimize its impact
Works for sewage, some waste chemicals,
when land-disposal is not available
Plastic in Pacific
23. Impacts of waste on health
Chemical poisoning through chemical inhalation
Uncollected waste can obstruct the storm water
runoff resulting in flood
Low birth weight
Cancer
Congenital malformations
Neurological disease
24. Impacts of waste on health
• Nausea and vomiting
• Increase in hospitalization of diabetic
residents living near hazard waste sites.
• Mercury toxicity from eating fish with high
levels of mercury.
Goorah, S., Esmyot, M., Boojhawon, R. (2009). The Health Impact of Nonhazardous Solid Waste Disposal in a
Community: The case of the Mare Chicose Landfill in Mauritius. Journal of Environment Health, 72(1) 48-
54
Kouznetsova, M., Hauang, X., Ma, J., Lessner, L. & Carpenter, D. (2007). Increased Rate of Hospitalization for
Diabetes and Residential Proximity of Hazardous waste Sites. Environmental Health Perspectives,
115(1)75-75
Barlaz, M., Kaplan, P., Ranjithan, S. & Rynk, R. (2003) Evaluating Environmental Impacts of solid Waste
Management Alternatives. BioCycle, 52-56.
25. Effects of waste on animals and
aquatics life
• Increase in mercury level in fish due to
disposal of mercury in the rivers.
• Plastic found in oceans ingested by birds.
• Resulted in high algal population in rivers and
sea.
• Degrades water and soil quality.
26. Impacts of waste on Environment
• Waste breaks down in landfills to form
methane, a potent greenhouse gas
• Change in climate and destruction of ozone
layer due to waste biodegradable
• Littering, due to waste pollutions, illegal
dumping, Leaching: is a process by which solid
waste enter soil and ground water and
contaminating them.
• U.S. Environment Protection Agency (2009)
27. It is estimated that food wasted by the US and Europe could
feed the world three times over. Food waste contributes to
excess consumption of freshwater and fossil fuels which, along
with methane and CO2 emissions from decomposing food,
impacts global climate change. Every tonne of food waste
prevented has the potential to save 4.2 tonnes of CO2
equivalent. If we all stop wasting food that could have been
eaten, the CO2 impact would be the equivalent of taking one in
four cars off the road.
28. WHAT SHOULD BE DONE
• Reduce Waste
- Reduce office paper waste by implementing a formal policy to duplex all
draft reports and by making training manuals and personnel information
available electronically.
- Improve product design to use less materials.
- Redesign packaging to eliminate excess material while maintaining
strength.
- Work with customers to design and implement a packaging return
program.
- Switch to reusable transport containers.
- Purchase products in bulk.
29. WHAT SHOULD BE DONE
Reuse
- Reuse corrugated moving boxes internally.
- Reuse office furniture and supplies, such as interoffice
envelopes, file folders, and paper.
- Use durable towels, tablecloths, napkins, dishes, cups, and
glasses.
- Use incoming packaging materials for outgoing shipments.
- Encourage employees to reuse office materials rather than
purchase new ones.
30. WHAT SHOULD BE DONE
Donate/Exchange
- old books
- old clothes
- old computers
- excess building materials
- old equipment to local organizations
31. WHAT SHOULD BE DONE
Employee Education
- Develop an “office recycling procedures” packet.
- Send out recycling reminders to all employees including
environmental articles.
- Train employees on recycling practices prior to
implementing recycling programs.
- Conduct an ongoing training process as new
technologies are introduced and new employees join the
institution.
32. WHAT SHOULD BE DONE
Employee Education
- education campaign on waste management
that includes an extensive internal web site,
quarterly newsletters, daily bulletins,
promotional signs and helpful reference
labels within the campus of an institution.
33. WHAT SHOULD BE DONE
Conduct outreach program adopting an ecologically
sound waste management system which includes:
• waste reduction
• segregation at source
• composting
• recycling and re-use
• more efficient collection
• more environmentally sound disposal
34. Residents may be organized into small groups
to carry out the following:
1. construction of backyard compost pit
2. construction of storage bins where recyclable and reusable
materials are stored by each household
3. construction of storage centers where recyclable and reusable
materials collected by the street sweepers are stored prior to
selling to junk dealers
4. maintenance of cleanliness in yards and streets
5. greening of their respective areas
6. encouraging others to join
Editor's Notes
Numerous epidemiology studies have been conducted to evaluate whether the health of people living near hazardous waste disposal sites is being adversely affected(Moeller, 20050.