International Workshop on“The Water Energy Food Nexus: Implementation and Examples of Applications”
04 October 2022: 08:45-10:30 and 11:15 to 13:00 Hours
Adelaide, Australia
IMPACT OF TWO SCHEMES ON WATER, ENERGY AND FOOD NEXUS: EXAMPLES FROM INDIAicidciid
How the Prime Minister’s Irrigation Scheme (PMKSY), and the Prime Minister’s Scheme for Energy Security & Upliftment of Farmers (PM-KUSUM) helped India to increase its agriculture production, and to reduce electricity consumption.
Spatial-Scale Water-Energy-Food Nexus Analysis in India – Insight from Implem...icidciid
International Workshop on“The Water Energy Food Nexus: Implementation and Examples of Applications”
04 October 2022: 08:45-10:30 and 11:15 to 13:00 Hours
Adelaide, Australia
APPLICATION OF WATER-ENERGY-FOOD NEXUS FRAMEWORK TOOLS AT DIFFERENT SCALES: P...icidciid
International Workshop on“The Water Energy Food Nexus: Implementation and Examples of Applications”
Nwabisa Masekwana, Sue Walker and Michael van der Laan
IMPACT OF TWO SCHEMES ON WATER, ENERGY AND FOOD NEXUS: EXAMPLES FROM INDIAicidciid
How the Prime Minister’s Irrigation Scheme (PMKSY), and the Prime Minister’s Scheme for Energy Security & Upliftment of Farmers (PM-KUSUM) helped India to increase its agriculture production, and to reduce electricity consumption.
Spatial-Scale Water-Energy-Food Nexus Analysis in India – Insight from Implem...icidciid
International Workshop on“The Water Energy Food Nexus: Implementation and Examples of Applications”
04 October 2022: 08:45-10:30 and 11:15 to 13:00 Hours
Adelaide, Australia
APPLICATION OF WATER-ENERGY-FOOD NEXUS FRAMEWORK TOOLS AT DIFFERENT SCALES: P...icidciid
International Workshop on“The Water Energy Food Nexus: Implementation and Examples of Applications”
Nwabisa Masekwana, Sue Walker and Michael van der Laan
Development of Water-Energy-Food Nexus Model for Basin-Scale Studiesicidciid
International Workshop on“The Water Energy Food Nexus: Implementation and Examples of Applications”
Rajendra Singh
Professor, Agricultural & Food Engineering Department
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
The drafting process the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) relating to water should resist overly rigid approaches to implementation and target setting which could limit development options for poor countries. Key challenges include realistic targets, carefully considering the local context to address the needs of the poor, and promoting sustainable water resources development in a way that values healthy ecosystems. Read IWMI’s new report here: http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Publications/Books/PDF/setting_and_achieving_water-related_sustainable_development_goals.pdf
Presentation by Peter G. McCornick & Julie van der Bliek at the Water for Food Conference, Seattle, October 19, 2014.
Presented by Younis Gismalla (HRC), Yasir Mohamed (HRC), Gijs Simons (eLEAF), Maurits Voogt(eLEAF), Bharat Sharma (IWMI), Giriraj amarnath (IWMI) and Vladimir Smakhtin (IWMI) at the 4th Nile Basin Development Forum, 6-7 October 2014, Nairobi, Kenya.
by Dr Bharat Sharma
This presentation was made at the Smart ICT – end of project conference held in Netherlands in March 2014. The presentation provides an overview of the Smart ICT project from the inception to completion stage. Various aspects like the challenges faced, project implementation, impact etc have been discussed in the slides.
The distress facing the agriculture sector needs an integrated approach deriving a win-win solution for all the concerned stakeholders—water security and better livelihood for farmers, easing of the massive financial burden on the state and the electricity utility, and benefits to the public at large through job creation and lower emissions. Our analysis considers a three-pronged approach consisting of (i) grid-interactive solar PV (photovoltaic), (ii) energy efficient pumps (EE), and (iii) advanced irrigation technology (AI) at the farm level. It makes policy recommendations for a successful implementation of this approach.
Blockchain Integration with Agrovoltaics Transforming Agriculture and Energy ...ijtsrd
The integration of blockchain technology with Agrovoltaics emerges as a transformative paradigm in the intersection of agriculture and renewable energy. Agrovoltaics, a sustainable approach combining agricultural practices with solar energy production, presents an innovative solution to address the evolving challenges of food security and clean energy. This paper explores the opportunities, challenges, and applications of integrating blockchain technology with Agrovoltaics. Blockchain technology, known for its decentralized and transparent nature, is leveraged to enhance the efficiency, security, and sustainability of Agrovoltaic systems. Through decentralized energy trading platforms powered by blockchain, farmers can directly sell surplus energy to neighboring entities, fostering a more efficient and transparent energy market. Smart contracts automate agreements between stakeholders, reducing administrative complexities and ensuring adherence to predefined conditions in energy transactions and agricultural practices. The transparent and traceable nature of blockchain is applied to supply chain management in Agrovoltaics, providing end to end visibility from planting to distribution. This not only enhances traceability but also ensures the authenticity and quality of agricultural products. Tokenization of assets, such as energy output or agricultural yield, introduces novel financial avenues, promoting financial inclusion and enabling diversified investment in agricultural projects. Environmental and social impact considerations are addressed through blockchain enabled applications, including tracking carbon credits and incentivizing sustainable farming practices. The tamper proof ledger of blockchain ensures data security, granting farmers control over their information and fostering trust among stakeholders. While these applications showcase the immense potential of integrating blockchain with Agrovoltaics, challenges such as technical integration, regulatory compliance, and widespread adoption remain. Collaborative efforts among farmers, energy providers, policymakers, and technology experts are crucial to overcoming these challenges and unlocking the full transformative potential of this integration. This paper concludes by emphasizing the ongoing research, pilot projects, and international interest in Agrovoltaics as indicators of its scalability and global impact. As the field continues to evolve, it is essential to navigate challenges collectively, promote awareness, and facilitate the integration of blockchain technology as a catalyst for sustainable agriculture and clean energy. Manish Verma "Blockchain Integration with Agrovoltaics: Transforming Agriculture and Energy Sectors: ChatGPT Analysis" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-6 , December 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd60119.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-scien
Development of Water-Energy-Food Nexus Model for Basin-Scale Studiesicidciid
International Workshop on“The Water Energy Food Nexus: Implementation and Examples of Applications”
Rajendra Singh
Professor, Agricultural & Food Engineering Department
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
The drafting process the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) relating to water should resist overly rigid approaches to implementation and target setting which could limit development options for poor countries. Key challenges include realistic targets, carefully considering the local context to address the needs of the poor, and promoting sustainable water resources development in a way that values healthy ecosystems. Read IWMI’s new report here: http://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/Publications/Books/PDF/setting_and_achieving_water-related_sustainable_development_goals.pdf
Presentation by Peter G. McCornick & Julie van der Bliek at the Water for Food Conference, Seattle, October 19, 2014.
Presented by Younis Gismalla (HRC), Yasir Mohamed (HRC), Gijs Simons (eLEAF), Maurits Voogt(eLEAF), Bharat Sharma (IWMI), Giriraj amarnath (IWMI) and Vladimir Smakhtin (IWMI) at the 4th Nile Basin Development Forum, 6-7 October 2014, Nairobi, Kenya.
by Dr Bharat Sharma
This presentation was made at the Smart ICT – end of project conference held in Netherlands in March 2014. The presentation provides an overview of the Smart ICT project from the inception to completion stage. Various aspects like the challenges faced, project implementation, impact etc have been discussed in the slides.
The distress facing the agriculture sector needs an integrated approach deriving a win-win solution for all the concerned stakeholders—water security and better livelihood for farmers, easing of the massive financial burden on the state and the electricity utility, and benefits to the public at large through job creation and lower emissions. Our analysis considers a three-pronged approach consisting of (i) grid-interactive solar PV (photovoltaic), (ii) energy efficient pumps (EE), and (iii) advanced irrigation technology (AI) at the farm level. It makes policy recommendations for a successful implementation of this approach.
Blockchain Integration with Agrovoltaics Transforming Agriculture and Energy ...ijtsrd
The integration of blockchain technology with Agrovoltaics emerges as a transformative paradigm in the intersection of agriculture and renewable energy. Agrovoltaics, a sustainable approach combining agricultural practices with solar energy production, presents an innovative solution to address the evolving challenges of food security and clean energy. This paper explores the opportunities, challenges, and applications of integrating blockchain technology with Agrovoltaics. Blockchain technology, known for its decentralized and transparent nature, is leveraged to enhance the efficiency, security, and sustainability of Agrovoltaic systems. Through decentralized energy trading platforms powered by blockchain, farmers can directly sell surplus energy to neighboring entities, fostering a more efficient and transparent energy market. Smart contracts automate agreements between stakeholders, reducing administrative complexities and ensuring adherence to predefined conditions in energy transactions and agricultural practices. The transparent and traceable nature of blockchain is applied to supply chain management in Agrovoltaics, providing end to end visibility from planting to distribution. This not only enhances traceability but also ensures the authenticity and quality of agricultural products. Tokenization of assets, such as energy output or agricultural yield, introduces novel financial avenues, promoting financial inclusion and enabling diversified investment in agricultural projects. Environmental and social impact considerations are addressed through blockchain enabled applications, including tracking carbon credits and incentivizing sustainable farming practices. The tamper proof ledger of blockchain ensures data security, granting farmers control over their information and fostering trust among stakeholders. While these applications showcase the immense potential of integrating blockchain with Agrovoltaics, challenges such as technical integration, regulatory compliance, and widespread adoption remain. Collaborative efforts among farmers, energy providers, policymakers, and technology experts are crucial to overcoming these challenges and unlocking the full transformative potential of this integration. This paper concludes by emphasizing the ongoing research, pilot projects, and international interest in Agrovoltaics as indicators of its scalability and global impact. As the field continues to evolve, it is essential to navigate challenges collectively, promote awareness, and facilitate the integration of blockchain technology as a catalyst for sustainable agriculture and clean energy. Manish Verma "Blockchain Integration with Agrovoltaics: Transforming Agriculture and Energy Sectors: ChatGPT Analysis" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-7 | Issue-6 , December 2023, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd60119.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/computer-scien
Water in Agriculture: From use to stewardship by Dr. Steven N Schonbergericidciid
Keynote address of Dr. Steven N Schonberger, Head of Water for Agriculture Global Solutions Group, World Bank, on the topic "Water for Agriculture: Our role in meeting the Sustainable Development Goals"
Securing Water & Food: Opportunities in Irrigation by Dr. Peter McCornickicidciid
Keynote address of Dr. Peter McCornick, Executive Director, Robert B. Daugherty Water for Food Institute, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, USA, on topic "Securing Water & Food: Opportunities in Irrigation"
IFAD’s experience in water management for improved food security and nutritio...icidciid
IFAD’s experience in water management for improved food security and nutrition for smallholders by Mr. Mawira Chitima, Lead Technical Specialist (Water & Rural Infrastructure), IFAD
The International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID), established in 1950 is the leading scientific, technical and not-for-profit Non-Governmental Organization (NGO).
The mission of ICID is to stimulate and promote the development and application of the arts, sciences and techniques of engineering, agriculture, economics, ecological and social sciences in managing water and land resources for irrigation, drainage, flood management, for achieving sustainable agriculture water management.
Presentation of Mr. Irfan Aker, President, DOLSAR Engineering Ltd., at the 1s...icidciid
LET’S USE THE BENEFIT OF BEING TOGETHER - Presentation of Mr. Irfan Aker, President, DOLSAR Engineering Ltd., at the 1st World Irrigation Forum, Mardin, Turkey
Presentation of Mr. Jeremy Bird, DG, IWMI at the 1st World Irrigation Forum, ...icidciid
Game changers for irrigated agriculture – do the right incentives exist?
Presentation of Mr. Jeremy Bird, Director General, IWMI at the 1st World Irrigation Forum, Mardin, Turkey, September 2013
Presentation of Er. Avinash C. Tyagi, Secretary General, ICID at the 1st Worl...icidciid
1st World Irrigation Forum: Presentation of Er. Avinash C. Tyagi, Secretary General, ICID at the Plenary Session I on the Main Theme - Irrigation and drainage in a changing world: challenges and opportunities for global food security
The International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage (ICID) was established as a Scientific, Technical and Voluntary Not-for-profit Non-Governmental International Organization (NGO) with headquarters in New Delhi, India.
This presentation shows information about ICID activities.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
TECHNICAL TRAINING MANUAL GENERAL FAMILIARIZATION COURSEDuvanRamosGarzon1
AIRCRAFT GENERAL
The Single Aisle is the most advanced family aircraft in service today, with fly-by-wire flight controls.
The A318, A319, A320 and A321 are twin-engine subsonic medium range aircraft.
The family offers a choice of engines
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
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Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Solar – powered micro – irrigation demonstrations for food security, youth and women empowerment in Malawi and Zambia
1. 24th International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage & 73rd IEC Meeting
3-10 October 2022, Adelaide, Australia
Theme: Innovation and research in agriculture water
management to achieve sustainable development goals
2. 24th International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage & 73rd IEC Meeting
3-10 October 2022, Adelaide, Australia
04 October 2022: 08:45-10:30 and 11:15 to 13:00 Hours
Adelaide, Australia
3. 24th International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage & 73rd IEC Meeting
3-10 October 2022, Adelaide, Australia
Isaac R. Fandika1*
Cheelo H. Mudenda, Horace Kakhiwa1, Herbert Kumwenda1, Collin
Zalengera3, Grivin Chipula4, Geoffrey Mwepa5
1Department of Agricultural Research Service, Kasinthula Agricultural
Research Station, P.O Box 28, Chikwawa, Malawi, email:
fandikai@yahoo.co.uk or fandika68@gmail.com
4. 24th International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage & 73rd IEC Meeting
3-10 October 2022, Adelaide, Australia
Achievement of Food security, one of the greatest need of Malawian and Zambian
people, has been hampered by effects of climate change.
Drought
Floods
Rising temperature
Irrigation is an option to cab drought effects on crop production, however, it is
affected by shortage of diesel and electricity.
Provision of efficient, cheap irrigation and reliable renewable energy technology
would increase crop productivity and resource conservation as well as environment.
This paper discusses the impact of solar-powered micro-irrigation demonstrations on
food-water-energy nexus and how this empowered youth and women in Malawi and
Zambia.
5. 24th International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage & 73rd IEC Meeting
3-10 October 2022, Adelaide, Australia
Project Sites in Malawi and Zambia Beneficiaries
DIRECT BENEFICIARIES –
• 228 where 142 were from Malawi
and 86 from Zambia
INDIRECT BENEFICIARIES -
• 2,673 with 2193 from Malawi and
480 from Zambia
6. 24th International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage & 73rd IEC Meeting
3-10 October 2022, Adelaide, Australia
A household surveys and focus group discussions was conducted at the beginning
of the project and data was collected using open data kit (ODK) program and
analysed using SPSS.
Feasibility studies were conducted followed by topographic surveying (Figure 2) and
mapping that provided detailed topographic maps showing infrastructure, features
and water courses.
The maps were then used in designing and placement of any related hydraulic
structures. Topography played a pivotal role on the choice of abstraction method,
conveyance and distribution methods in an irrigation system.
7. 24th International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage & 73rd IEC Meeting
3-10 October 2022, Adelaide, Australia
Six solar – powered irrigation system designs established (figures 3 - 8),
three each country, Malawi (19ha) and Zambia (3ha).
The installation solar – powered irrigation scheme involved
drilling and flashing of a borehole for groundwater
installation of pumps,
solar panels,
erecting tank stands and mounting a tank,
drip irrigation equipment installation and finally the establishment of solar – Powered
demonstration scheme fields.
8. 24th International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage & 73rd IEC Meeting
3-10 October 2022, Adelaide, Australia
Farmers were trained in crop
production of various high valued
crops as per scheme choice that
included – banana, potatoes,
common beans and tomatoes.
At least 75 young farmers in
Malawi were trained in
agribusiness and group dynamics.
Figure 9 : Farmers learning solar-powered
micro-irrigation operation by
doing.
Figure 10 :Technical staff trained in design
and installation of solar – powered
micro – irrigation system.
9. 24th International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage & 73rd IEC Meeting
3-10 October 2022, Adelaide, Australia
Soil moisture sensors “Chameleon Readers/sensors” and wetting
front detectors were installed at solar-powered micro-irrigation
schemes in Malawi to monitor soil moisture changes (Figure 11-
14).
Installation of monitoring tools in the experimental plots comprised
of
Set of soil moisture sensors which will help farmers to monitor the level
of soil moisture in the field hence helping them to make a decision of
when to irrigate their crops
Set of Wetting Front Detector (WFD) which would help farmers to
determine the depth of water during irrigation hence help them to make
a decision of when to stop irrigating during an irrigation event,
(3) Wi-Fi field reader which is connected to the soil moisture sensors
and help the farmers to determine the level of soil moisture by observing
the colors of the lights.
Figure 11 : Installing soil moisture sensor. Figure 12: Monitoring soil moisture
using chameleon sensor system.
Figure 13: Women highly participating in
managing the water-energy-Food
Nexus using sensors.
Figure 14 : Expetriate learning and
policy maker involvement.
10. 24th International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage & 73rd IEC Meeting
3-10 October 2022, Adelaide, Australia
3.1 Baseline
Targeted project sites were characterized by a distribution of 60% male
headed households and 40% female headed households where at least
60% are married couples, low education levels and with agriculture as
the main source of income and livelihoods.
Over 19% of the respondents indicated that they practiced irrigation
during the dry season. Farmers expressed numerous benefits realized
from irrigation as irrigation made them have more than one harvest,
improved crop quality and yield and increased income.
11. 24th International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage & 73rd IEC Meeting
3-10 October 2022, Adelaide, Australia
Beneficiaries for the solar – powered
irrigation system in both countries firstly
observed the water and energy nexus when
solar started providing them with energy in a
remote areas without electricity to move
water in its cycle - from its surface or ground
source and then collecting and distributing it
to the designated place for irrigated
agriculture production.
Solar-powered micro-irrigation helped rural
farmers to become resilient to impact of
climate change and their food security as
water use efficiency and access increased.
Solar-powered micro-irrigation combines
efficient ways to manage water and energy
for food production. Integration of the
youths, creates employment for them as it is
attractive as well as sustainable adoption of
innovative technology.
Figure 15 : Banana under Micro-irrigation Figure 16: Cabbage under micro-irrigation
Achievement of nexus was demonstrated on various crops
grown using solar irrigation that included crops like
banana, green maize, tomato, Onion, cabbage and leafy
vegetables in both Malawi and Zambia (Figure 15 - 16).
12. 24th International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage & 73rd IEC Meeting
3-10 October 2022, Adelaide, Australia
Figure 17: Sample of high tech: Solar-powered irrigation for climate-smart integrated
resilience programme, supported by WFP and the UK in Malawi.
• World Food programme has also
reported that solar-powered irrigation
scheme has gradually improved the
food security, livelihoods and economic
opportunities of the Domwe community
in Malawi.
• The irrigation scheme is now providing
more predictable yields and a more
diverse diet, and the scheme has opened
new business opportunities for some
smallholder farmers in that particular
area (Figure 17).
13. 24th International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage & 73rd IEC Meeting
3-10 October 2022, Adelaide, Australia
The soil moisture monitoring system benefited the food – wate –
energy nexus as follows:
Gave farmers new frames of reference in water and nutrient management;
Improved farmers on time, labour and water-saving by reducing irrigation
intervals by 50%; and
Also reduced conflict for irrigation water by 75% between users apart from
improving crop yield and water and nutrient use efficiency.
This tool use expanded farmers’ knowledge on water management,
initiated a new way of thinking and alter their behaviour in water and
energy use for crop production.
Furthermore, the change in behavior led to measurable
improvements in yield and financial outcomes among farmers.
Youthful farmers were now able to identify irrigation related problems
and act on the information provided by the soil moisture monitoring
tools. As such, this action led to yield increase by more than 80
percent across all irrigation schemes and crops (Table 1 ).
This also contributed to average gross margins increased by more
than threefold across all schemes and crops (Figure 18). Based on
the findings outlined, it can concluded that improving farmers’
knowledge and skills in water-energy-food nexus is beneficial to both
irrigators and the environment.
It can transform smallholder irrigation schemes into profitable and
sustainable investment.
Table 1: Change ofaverage crop yieldsbetweenpre and post introductionof soil moisture
monitoring tools.
Crop Average Yields (t/ha) Percent of increase between
Ave 2014-6 and 2018 yields
(%)
2014-
16
2017 2018
Maize 0.74 0.97 2.01 131
Maize 1.47 1.52 2.8 88
Beans 0.49 0.5 1.34 170
Maize 1.82 1.98 3.88 104
Beans 0.47 0.5 1.27 160
Maize 0.74 0.74 3.17 328
Beans 0.42 0.51 1.2 153
Note : 2014-16 = Average scheme yields before farmers started using soil water monitoring
tools (source: Agricultural production estimate survey (APES) 2014-2016).
14. 24th International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage & 73rd IEC Meeting
3-10 October 2022, Adelaide, Australia
The SPIS demonstrations provided direct
employment and business creation to the
youths and women.
The SPIS also led to social pacification,
youth and elderly women as well as men
and women worked together.
The youths either worked in the agricultural
sector or civil works on solar – powered
micro – irrigation scheme establishment
whilst others worked in the agribusiness
sector, selling the produce from the solar-
powered micro-irrigation schemes.
WEF is source of joy to women in Africa.
15. 24th International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage & 73rd IEC Meeting
3-10 October 2022, Adelaide, Australia
3.5.1 Opportunities and advantages of solar-powered irrigation in Malawi
Solar-powered irrigation is independent (flexible and accessible) in remote areas where there is no access to electric
and diesel.
Solar- powered irrigation help to mitigate climate change by reducing gas emission.
Solar-powered irrigation increase resilience and adaptation to climate change impacts.
Solar – Powered irrigation is more profitable than electrical and diesel powered irrigation in remote areas.
3.5.2 Challenges of solar-powered micro-irrigation system in Malawi and Zambia
Limited capacity in terms of personnel and equipment for solar – powered micro-irrigation.
Limited financing and coordination in the solar-powered irrigation projects among state actors
16. 24th International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage & 73rd IEC Meeting
3-10 October 2022, Adelaide, Australia
This project demonstrated that solar-powered micro-irrigation system is clean technology option for
water-energy-food nexus, allowing the use of solar energy for water pumping for food production,
replacing fossil fuel as energy source and reducing gas emission from irrigated agriculture.
It is one of the combined practices that farmers can use to save energy directly and to use water
more efficiently and effectively whilst empowering the youths and women.
In addition, farmers can apply soil moisture sensor technology to monitor the changes of moisture
for next irrigation and can also change cropping patterns that require less water, while others could
improve irrigation practice to make more efficient use of water.
Conservation of energy is more cost effective with improved selection and maintenance of irrigation
facilities that reduce pump size requirements and improve overall efficiency of the system like
micro – irrigation system.
It can be concluded that combination of efficient water and energy use is the best Water Energy
Food Nexus in Africa. It can help many farmers to achieve food security and sustainable Agriculture
regardless climate change.
17. 24th International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage & 73rd IEC Meeting
3-10 October 2022, Adelaide, Australia
For this to be achieved, the following recommendation need to be taken
care of by the governments:
Since the potential for energy saving is so great in sustainable agriculture intensification for food security,
research on Water-Energy-Food nexus should receive high priority as it target high returns from low input and
low – cost approach.
Capacity building of farmers and technical professionals on the effective use of solar pumps and groundwater
management.
Promoting water use efficiency by 1) combining solar pumps with micro-irrigation technologies like drip
systems; 2) leveraging surface water sources and creating water storage capacity, 3) Advancing monitoring
soil moisture using soil moisture sensors and 4) promoting regular cleaning and maintenance to prevent
leakages and breakdowns.
Establish formal coordination mechanisms on solar-powered irrigation, such as interdepartmental bodies and
convergence and steering committees for WEF nexus policies.
Explore financing schemes or partnerships with financial institutions, such as banks, to help finance subsidies
through the Agriculture Infrastructure Fund and scale up implementation.
18. 24th International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage & 73rd IEC Meeting
3-10 October 2022, Adelaide, Australia
Thanks to African Union Research Grant – African Union Commission
for funding the Solar-powered micro-irrigation project.
Thanks to the Department of Agricultural Research Services in Malawi
and Zambia Ministry of Agriculture for hosting this project.
Thanks to all project Collaborating institutions – Mzuzu University,
Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources and
Department of Irrigation.
19. 24th International Congress on Irrigation and Drainage & 73rd IEC Meeting
3-10 October 2022, Adelaide, Australia