Soil presentation

1. WELCOME

2. MAHATMAPHULE KRISHI VIDYAPEETH RAHURI, AffILIaTED
K. K. WaghCollegeof Agriculture, Nashik-003
Department of soil science
Presentation on
Soil Testing And Fertilizer Dose
Recommendation
Presented by

3. Introduction
Name of student : Maheshwar Kailas Bornare
Reg. No. : AKN 2011/13
Year : Final year B.Sc Agri.
Course No :- AEL-SSAC-486
Course title : Soil and Water clinic

4. Module introduction :-
Academic year : 2014-2015
Module title : soil and water clinic
Module no. : AEL-SSAC-486
Credit : 0+15
No. of student : 14
Module incharge :Proff. Mrs. P.V.Shinde

5. Soil testing is defined as inclusions of
interpretation and evaluation of the
soil test values and fertilizer
recommendation based on the results
of chemical, physical and biological
analysis and on other consideration .

6. Importance of soil testing :-
1) It helps to know the fertility status of soil.
2) It helps to recommend the dose of fertilizer for
different crops according to soil test report.
3) It helps to reclaim the problematic soil.
4) It helps to know the properties of soil.

7. It includes following points :-
Phases of soil testing
Preperation of sample in laboratory for
testing
Fertilizer dose recommendation
Soil testing and fertilizer recommeNdation

8. Phases of soil sample testing
Collecting soil sample.
Extraction and determining the available
nutrients
Calibrating and interpreting the analytical
results
Making fertilizer recommendations.

9. Collecting soil sample from field :-
• Soil is heterogeneous body
• Hence it is not possible to collect soil sample which
would be representative of the heterogeneous land.
• Hence to get composite sample, heterogenity of soil
reduced by dividing soil in different units.

10. • Determination of soil unit
1)Topography :-
If land is undulating the land is divided in to
1)high land,
2)medium land,
3)low land.

11. 2)Colour :-
Dark colour land – high humus content
Light colour land – low humus content.
Therefore land divided in to light or dark
land.

12. 3)Texture :-
 According to texture of soil, soil is divided in to
following units
1) sandy
2) Loam
3) clay

13. 4)Fertility status :-
It is indicated by the previous crops.
1) high yielding
2)low yielding

14. 5)Management unit :-
 During cultivation, more fertilizers are applied to
the one portion of land than other portions.
 Hence it increases the fertility of that portion and
yield obtained also increased from that portion.
 Hence soil is divide in to two units :-
1)Highly fertilized
2)Less fertilized

15.  Collection of composite sample
For collecting composite soil sample following steps are
required:-
1)Cores(in case of auger) or furrow slice(when spade is
used) should have same volume
2) Cores or furrow slice should be taken at random.
3) Enough cores should be taken.
4) In practice usually 8-10cores are taken but number
may increase to 20-30. Increase in number of cores
decrease variation in soil characteristics.

16. Preperation of soil sample in
laboratory :-
Drying
Grinding
Sieving
Mixing
Quartering
Weighing
Storing

17. Drying :-
soil samples are dried in shade at room
temperature.
Soil samples are dried for soil chemical
reaction when dried samples are more
nearly at equilibrium.

18. Grinding
 By grinding soil aggregates are broken up.
 wooden mortar is the best for avoiding
contamination of other elements from grinder itself.
 Crushing of primary sand and gravel particles is
avoided.

19. Sieving
 2 types of sieve (20 mesh
and 80mesh) which are
used for sieving.
 For micro nutrient analysis
nylon sieve is preferred.
 For organic carbon
determination fine sieve is
used.
 For pH , exchangeable
cations coarse sieve is used.

20.  Quartering :-
All the samples From same
field are mixed together and
divided into Four equal sized
Quarters, then Two of them
in cross are selected and
other are rejected.

21. Weighing :-
 Fine textured soil which doe not tend to
segregate is weighted with the help of
analytical balance.
 Storage :-
 Soil samples may be stored in series of
cardboard cups in tray. Placing samples in
screw cap jars is most satisfactory.

22.  Places from where samples should not
be collected :-
1) Near gates ,building, highway etc.
2) Along the field boundaries and margins etc.
3) Under stacks of manure
4) Shaded area
5) Crop hills and rows
6) Local abnormal sites (acidic or alkaline
soil )

23.  For Recommendation of fertilizer dose
following points should consider :-
Initial fertility status of soil
Cost of fertilizer
Produce potentiality of the land
Availability of fertilizer
Crop to be grown

24. o For selection of fertilizer following
point should be considered:-
• Soil characteristics
• Crop to be grown
o For method of application following
point should be considered :-
1)soil characteristics
2)other factor like crop, type of fertilizer.

25. For time of fertilizer application following
point should be considered
 Soil texture
Other factor like crops, kind of
fertilizer

26. Sr.No. Nutrient
Classification
Organic
carbon
%
Available
Nitrogen
(kg/ha)
Available
phosphorus
(kg/ha)
Available
Potassium
(kg/ha)
Effect on
recommended
dose of
fertilizer
1 Very low <0.20 <140 <7 <100 RDF increase
50%
2 Low 0.21-0.41 141-280 7-14 101-150 RDF increase
by 25%
3 Medium 0.41-0.60 281-420 15-21 151-200 No change in
RDF
4 Moderately high 0.61-0.81 421-560 22-28 201-250 No change in
RDF
5 High 0.81-1.0 561-700 29-35 251-300 RDF decreased
25%
6 Very high >1 >700 >35 >300 RDF decreased
by 50%