The document discusses the software development life cycle (SDLC) and its various phases and models. It describes the six main phases of the SDLC as requirements gathering and analysis, design, implementation/coding, testing, deployment, and maintenance. It then explains different SDLC models including waterfall, V-shaped, prototype, spiral, iterative incremental, big bang, and agile. The conclusion states that the best model depends on factors like requirements clarity, complexity, size, cost and skills. The waterfall model is basic but other models are variations that allow for flexibility.

1. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
LIFE CYCLE
Created by
SUDHANSHU KUMAR
Roll No – 09
Dept – BCA, 3rd sem
2020

2. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
LIFE CYCLE

3. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT LIFE
CYCLE
• Introduction
• Phases of SDLC
• Different types of SDLC models
• Conclusion

4. Introduction:-
MM.DD.20XX
Software development life cycle is a
framework that defines the steps
involved in the development of the
software at each phase. It defines
the complete cycle of development,
all the tasks involved in planning,
creating, testing and deploying a
software product.
SDLC
Requirement
gathering and
analysis
Design
Implementation
or coding
Testing
Deployment
Maintenance

5. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE
• Requirement gathering and analysis
• Design
• Implementation or coding
• Testing
• Deployment
• Maintenance
Different phases in SDLC

6. 1. Requirement gathering and
analysis
In this phase all the relevant information is collected from the
customer to develop the software as per their expectation.
Once all the requirement is cleared, software requirement
specification (SRS) document is created.
In this phase the information gathered in SRS document is
used as input and software architecture, that is used for
implementing system development derived.
2. Design

7. 3. Implementation or coding:-
When developer gets the design document, the software
design is translated into source code, which is called
implementation or coding.
All the component of the software are implemented in this
phase
4. Testing:-
Once coding is complete, modules are ready for the testing
phase. In this phase, the developed software is tested
thoroughly and if any defect is found, developer fix it.

8. 6. Maintenance
Software is deployed in the production environment after testing phase, or
first UAT (user acceptance testing) is done as per customer expectance.
According to UAT, a replica of the production environment is created, and
customer along with developer does the testing. If they found the software
as expected, then sign off is provided by the customer to go live.
After deployment of the software in the production environment,
maintenance phase comes in. i.e. if any issue comes in or any problems
create or need to fix it, developer takes care of it.
5. Deployment

9. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE
Different types of SDLC models
1. Waterfall model
2. V-shaped model
3. Prototype model
4. Spiral model
5. Iterative incremental model
6. Big bang model
7. Agile model

10. 10
Requirement
analysis
System design
Implementation
Testing
Deployment
Maintenance
1. Waterfall model:- In this model, the
outcome of one phase is the input for the next
phase. Development of the next phase starts
only when the previous phase is complete.
2. V-shaped model:- In v-shaped model
validation and verification process takes hand
to hand. i.e. planning and testing goes parallel.
Integration
testing
Heigh level
design
System
testing
Unit
testing
Low level
design
System
design
Coding
Requiremen
t analysis
Acceptance
testing

11. MM.DD.20XX
3. Prototype model:- Prototype models
have limited functional capabilities and
inefficient performance when compared to the
actual software. Dummy functions are used to
create prototypes.
4. Spiral model:- The spiral model is another
important SDLC model that came into use when the
iteration in product development came into the
applied concept. This model supports risk handling,
and the project is delivered in loops. Each loop in the
Spiral model is the phases of the software
development process.Requirement
gathering
Design Prototype
Final product
Refined
prototype
Customer
evaluation

12. 5. Iterative Incremental Model:- The iterative incremental model divides the product
into small chunks. Each iteration goes through the phases namely Requirement Analysis,
Designing, Coding, and Testing. Detailed planning is not required in iterations.
Iterative & Incremental Development Model has different phases:-
• Inception phase:- This phase includes requirement and scope of the project
• Elaboration Phase:- In this phase working architecture is delivered.
• Construction Phase:- In this phase coding and testing process are done.
• Transition Phase:- In the Transition Phase, the product is deployed in the Production
environment.
6. Big bang model:- Big Bang Model does not require much planning and scheduling. The
developer does the requirement analysis & coding and develops the product as per his
understanding. This model is used for small projects only. There is no testing team and no formal
testing is done, and this could be a cause for the failure of the project.

13. 7. Agile model:- Agile Model is a combination of the Iterative and incremental model. In Agile, a
product is broken into small incremental builds. It is not developed as a complete product in one go. Each
build increments in terms of features. The next build is built on previous functionality.
Iteration 1 Iteration 2 Iteration n
increment 1 increment 2 increment n
customer approval
Requirement gathering
and analysis
Design
Testing
Coding
Requirement gathering
and analysis
Design
Coding
Testing Testing
Coding
Design
Requirement gathering
and analysis
Maintenance Deployment

14. Conclusion:- Different Software Development Life Cycle models have their own Pros and
Cons. The best model for any Project can be determined by the factors like Requirement (whether
it is clear or unclear), System Complexity, Size of the Project, Cost, Skill limitation, etc.
In case of an unclear requirement, Spiral and Agile models are best to be used as the required
change can be accommodated easily at any stage.
Waterfall model is a basic model and all the other SDLC models are based on that only.

15. I want to thank my teacher Miss. Subhashree Das, who gave me
the opportunity to make a PPT project on SDLC.
And also, I would like to thank professor Mr. Kallal Banerjee,
who taught me the subject which helps me more in preparing
this project.