Sociology is the study of human behavior and social relationships, while economics is the study of how humans make decisions in the face of scarcity. The document discusses how sociology and economics are closely related and mutually helpful fields. It explores how sociologists can provide social context for interpreting economic changes, while economists can explain social changes through economic forces. Key characteristics of economic sociology are outlined, such as analyzing economic phenomena through a sociological lens. The major modern economic systems of capitalism and socialism are also defined.

1. “ Sociology and Economics “

2. JASHORE UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY, BANGLADESH
WRITTEN: AKHI KHATUN
EDITED & PUBLISHED: HUMAYUN KOBIR
DEPT : AGRO PRODUCT PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY

3. Learning Objectives :
In this topic we can learn about :
 Definition of Sociology
 Definition of Economics
 Sociology and Economics
 Sociology and Economics are Mutually Helpful
 Social Interpretation of Economic Changes
 Economic Interpretation of Social Changes
 Characteristics of economic sociology
 Economic system in sociology
 Difference between the sociology and economics
 Relationship between the sociology and economics
 Importance of economic sociology

4. Sociology: Sociology is the study of human behavior,
sociology refers to social behavior, society, patterns of social
relationships, social interaction, and culture that surrounds everybody
life.

5. Economics: Economics is the study of how humans make
decisions in the face of scarcity. These can be individual or societal
decisions. Scarcity means that human wants for goods, services and
resources exceed what is available.

6. Sociology and economics as social sciences have close
relationship between the two is so close that one is often treated
as the branch of the other. According to Thomas, “ Economics is,
in fact but one branch of the comprehensive science of
sociology. “
In the words of Silverman ,” It may be regarded for ordinary
purpose, as an offshoot of the parent science of sociology,
which studies the general principles of all social relations “. But this
doesn’t mean that economics is a branch of sociology.
SociologyandEconomics:

7. Sociologyand Economics are Mutually Helpful :
Sociology and economics are helpful to each other. Economic relationships bear a
close relation to social activities. At the same time social relationships are also
affected by economic activities.
Because of this close relation. Thomas regarded economics as the branch of
sociology. But this is an extreme view, economics, it may be specified here, is an
independent science.

8. Social Interpretation of Economic Changes:
 Some economists, like Sombart ,Max Weber, Pareto,Schumpeter have explained
economics change as an aspect of social change. According to them, the
study of economics would be incomplete without an understanding of human
society.
 Economics system is embedded in the social structure as a part of it. The society,
it’s structures, it’s organizations, it’s institutions, it’s strength and weaknesses etc.
are bound to affect the economic activities of its people. That is why a
celebrated modern economist has said that “Economics must be made the
handmaid of sociology. “

9. EconomicInterpretationof Social Changes:
 At the other end, there are environmentalists like Karl Marx and Veblen
according to whom social phenomena are determined by economic forces.
According to them social reality or social change can be explained in terms of
economic forces. According to Marx, the infrastructure of a society is nothing
but the economic. However, there is a growing awareness among social
scientists about the mutual interplay between the economic and non-
economics forces of society.

10.  Sociology have contributed to the study of different aspects of
economic organization. Knowledge of property system, division of
labour, occupations, industrial organization etc, is provided by
sociologist to an economist .Such matters as labour relations,
standard of living, employer-employee relations, social classes,
socio-economic planning, socio-economic reforms, etc, are
common to both economists and sociologists.

11. Characteristics of economicsociology :
1. Economic sociology is an interdisciplinary subject by nature.
2. Economic sociology has a rich intellectual tradition and traces it’s.
3. Economic sociology is the study of the social cause and effect of various
economic phenomena.
4. Economic sociology is the study of how the material conditions of life are
produced and reproduced.
5. Economic sociology analyzes economic phenomena such as markets,
corporations, property rights, and work using the tools of sociology.

12. Economic system in sociology:
The two major economics system in modern societies. Those are :
1. Capitalism
2. Socialism
Capitalism :
 Capitalism is an economic system based on the private ownership
of the means of production and their operation for profit.

13.  Central characteristics of capitalism include capital accumulation,
competitive markets, a price system private property and the
recognition of property rights and wage labor.

14. Socialism :
 Socialism is an economic system where everyone equally owns
production.
 Socialism is a political, social and economic philosophy
encompassing a range of economic and social systems
characterised control of the means of production.

15. Relationshipbetweensociologyand economic:
Economics is all about the economic life of human beings whereas sociology
studies society as a whole with the inclusion of economic life of man as a part of this
wide branch of new social science such as the belief system of a particular society,
the culturals and traditions, political and legal matters concerned.

19. Importance of economics sociology:
1.Economics sociology analyzes economic phenomena such as markets,
corporations, property rights, and work using the tools of sociology.
2. Economics sociology is an important because of the fact of scarcity and the
desire for efficiency.
3. Economics sociology, the application of sociological concepts.
4. Economics sociology is the study of the social cause and effect of various
economic phenomena.

20. 5. Economics sociology is the study of how the material conditions of
life are produced and reproduced.
6. Economics sociology argued that social networks could equally
well.
7. Economics sociology affects our daily lives in both obvious and
subtle ways . From an individual perspective, economics sociology
frames many choices we have to make about work, leisure,
consumption and how much to save.

21. Distinguish between economic environment and
social environment :
Social environment includes customs, traditions, values, buying habits, tastes, etc.
Economic environment compromise of economic condition, economic policies
and economic system. It includes factors such as social aspects, social trends, social
values and traditions.

22. Conclusion :
Economic sociology is an attempt by sociologist to redefine in
sociological terms question traditionally addressed by economist.
Economic sociology is the application of the general frame of
reference, variables and explanatory models of sociology to those
complex activities concerned with production, distribution, exchange
and consumption of goods and services. Economic and sociology
maintain good relations with each other. Economic and sociology are
inextricably linked.

23. Thankyou