Maja Gavrilovic explores how social protection programs target or include adolescents.
Presented as part of ALIGN's Social Protection, Gender Norms and Adolescence expert dialogue, held in London in September 2018.
Yekaterina Chzhen presents “Impacts of a Cash Plus Intervention on Gender Attitudes Among Tanzanian Adolescents" at Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management Annual Conference, Barcelona July 29-30.
1) Social protection programs can play a critical role in facilitating safe transitions to adulthood for adolescents by addressing vulnerabilities during rapid development.
2) However, adolescents are often not directly targeted and their needs are inconsistently reflected in program design, with a focus on younger ages and practical needs over empowerment.
3) Education is a main focus of social transfers for adolescents, which can challenge gender norms by promoting schooling, but impacts vary by context and more can be done to address gendered risks faced by both boys and girls.
Leah Prencipe, Tia Palermo, and Yekaterina Chzhen and presented “Impacts of a Cash Plus Intervention on Gender Attitudes among Tanzanian Adolescents” as part of European Commission Joint Research Center's Seminar Series. (June 2020)
On May 27 2021, the Child Protection and Gender sections at NYHQ and UNICEF Innocenti organised an internal webinar on UNICEF’s Strategy Paper on the Gender Dimensions of Violence against Children and Adolescents in which over 200 UNICEF colleagues from regional and country levels participated. The webinar aimed to help participants learn more about the strategy paper and provided an opportunity to share ideas and recommendations for the implementation of priority actions in this area.
This webinar was developed by Child Trends for the Office of
Adolescent Health (OAH) as a technical assistance product for use with OAH grant programs.
Tia Palermo's presentation on cash transfers and violence against women and children to UN Women's regional office and Promundo's Learning Dialogue Series in June 2020.
Maja Gavrilovic and Elsa Valli's presentation "Child Marriage and Ethiopia's Productive Safety Net Programme: Analysis of protective pathways in the Amhara region" presented at IDS in October 2019.
Yekaterina Chzhen presents “Impacts of a Cash Plus Intervention on Gender Attitudes Among Tanzanian Adolescents" at Association for Public Policy Analysis and Management Annual Conference, Barcelona July 29-30.
1) Social protection programs can play a critical role in facilitating safe transitions to adulthood for adolescents by addressing vulnerabilities during rapid development.
2) However, adolescents are often not directly targeted and their needs are inconsistently reflected in program design, with a focus on younger ages and practical needs over empowerment.
3) Education is a main focus of social transfers for adolescents, which can challenge gender norms by promoting schooling, but impacts vary by context and more can be done to address gendered risks faced by both boys and girls.
Leah Prencipe, Tia Palermo, and Yekaterina Chzhen and presented “Impacts of a Cash Plus Intervention on Gender Attitudes among Tanzanian Adolescents” as part of European Commission Joint Research Center's Seminar Series. (June 2020)
On May 27 2021, the Child Protection and Gender sections at NYHQ and UNICEF Innocenti organised an internal webinar on UNICEF’s Strategy Paper on the Gender Dimensions of Violence against Children and Adolescents in which over 200 UNICEF colleagues from regional and country levels participated. The webinar aimed to help participants learn more about the strategy paper and provided an opportunity to share ideas and recommendations for the implementation of priority actions in this area.
This webinar was developed by Child Trends for the Office of
Adolescent Health (OAH) as a technical assistance product for use with OAH grant programs.
Tia Palermo's presentation on cash transfers and violence against women and children to UN Women's regional office and Promundo's Learning Dialogue Series in June 2020.
Maja Gavrilovic and Elsa Valli's presentation "Child Marriage and Ethiopia's Productive Safety Net Programme: Analysis of protective pathways in the Amhara region" presented at IDS in October 2019.
Barbara Sheppard is a visionary public health leader with nearly 25 years of experience managing federally and state funded prevention programs. She has expertise developing innovative programs, building partnerships, and securing over $30 million in funding. Currently she is a Senior Director at Cabarrus Health Alliance in North Carolina where she oversees $2 million annually for programs addressing issues like obesity, substance abuse, and teen pregnancy prevention.
Elena Camilletti and Zahrah Nesbitt-Ahmed's presentation at socialprotection.org's e-conference held in October 2020: "How do national social protection strategies and programmes integrate gender considerations? Evidence from low- and middle income countries".
The presentations outlines a draft Research Brief, jointly produced by UN Women and UNICEF Innocenti, discusses the findings of research undertaken to map and assess 50 national social protection strategies and 40 social programmes from a gender perspective.
Using evidence from Ghana's LEAP 1000 program, Transfer Project's Richard de Groot explores whether cash transfers targeted to children in the first 1,000 days of life can improve their nutritional status.
Presented as part of EPRC's What Works for Africa’s Poorest Children conference in Kampala, Uganda in September 2018.
Jennifer Waidler presents “A Cash Plus Model for Safe Transitions to Adulthood: Impacts on the Sexual and Reproductive Health Knowledge of Tanzania’s Youth” at APHA Annual Meeting 2019, Philadelphia, November 3-6 2019
Effective solutions to end violence against children will require researchers, practitioners, and leaders to come together to take stock of what we know, bridge gaps across the field, and influence change through the use and generation of VAC evidence.
This webinar aimed to share evidence and foster discussion on intersections between violence against women and violence against children, highlighting opportunities for greater collaboration, to build knowledge, and to translate it into policy and programmes.
Opening remarks: Alessandra Guedes, Gender and Development Research Manager, UNICEF Innocenti
Presenting evidence:
- Clara Alemann, Director of Programs, Promundo, The Hague
- Manuela Colombini, Assistant Professor in Health Systems and Policy and Gender-based Violence, and Loraine Bacchus, Associate Professor of Social Science, LSHTM
- Chandré Gould, Senior Research Fellow, and Matodzi Amisi, Senior Research Consultant, Institute for Security Studies, South Africa
- Isabelle Pearson, Research Fellow for the Gender Violence & Health Centre at LSHTM and Heidi Stöckl, Professor of Public Health Evaluation, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Panel discussion:
- Paul Bukuluki, Associate Professor of Social Work and Medical Anthropology, Makerere University, Uganda
- Lina Digolo, Senior Associate, The Prevention Collaborative, Kenya
- Lori Heise, Professor of Gender, Violence and Health at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, United States
- Santi Kusumaningrum, Co-founder and Director, PUSKAPA - Center on Child Protection and Wellbeing at Universitas Indonesia
- Tarisai Mchuchu-MacMillan, Executive Director, MOSAIC, South Africa
Closing remarks: Emily Esplen, Head of Ending Violence Team, FCDO, United Kingdom
As the UNICEF Office of Research-Innocenti, we conduct research to inform policymaking and implementation. This project brief summarizes our research on gender-responsive age-sensitive social protection.
The Process of Programming: Exploring Best Practices for Effective Prevention...Kyle Brown
This document discusses best practices for effective prevention programs. It begins by outlining some of the greatest challenges faced by prevention programs, including lack of resources and student engagement. The document then discusses EverFi's framework for comprehensive prevention, which incorporates programming, policy, critical processes, and institutionalization. It provides guidance on domains to consider for effective programming, such as targeted populations and theoretical underpinnings. Principles of effective prevention include varied teaching methods, sufficient dosage, being theory-driven, and outcome evaluation. The document concludes by discussing insights from the field on effectively implementing specific prevention strategies and supporting the student voice in program design and delivery.
From the Top Down to the Bottom-Up: Making Campus Wide Safety An Institution ...Kyle Brown
Institutionalizing campus safety as a priority requires a top-down and bottom-up approach. When campus safety is truly institutionalized, it involves commitment from senior leaders, inclusion in strategic plans and mission statements, dedicated resources like staffing and budgets, infrastructure support through websites and facilities, and engagement of the entire campus community through task forces and working groups. Data shows a positive correlation between higher levels of institutionalization and better prevention programming and outcomes for issues like alcohol and sexual assault.
This document discusses child sensitive social protection. It begins by providing context on global poverty levels and demographics in sub-Saharan Africa. It then defines social protection according to various organizations and provides examples of social protection instruments targeted at different life stages. The document discusses how social protection correlates to the Sustainable Development Goals and reviews intended and unintended impacts of programs in India, Ethiopia, and Peru. It concludes by defining child sensitive social protection as policies and programs that address children's specific vulnerabilities and poverty patterns while maximizing positive impacts on children.
Impact of the Kenya Cash Transfer for Orphans and Vulnerable Children on safe...Michelle Mills
This presentation provides information about The Transfer Project and describes findings from a recent evaluation of the Kenya Cash Transfer Program for Orphans and Vulnerable Children.
Retaining youth in 4-H programs beyond the first year is important for positive youth development and building resilience. Research shows that sustained involvement in youth programs leads to better academic performance and less risky behavior. The document discusses factors that influence youth retention, including meaningful relationships with caring adults, youth-centered programming, and clearly defined program goals. It then describes a new program called "Welcome to 4-H" that is intended to address retention issues for first-year 4-H members through year-long orientation activities focused on belonging, independence, generosity, and mastery.
The policy story: population, health and environmentIIED
The document discusses the linkages between population, health, and the environment. It notes that a rights-based approach to family planning can help fulfill unmet need for contraception, which represents 222 million women globally who want to delay or prevent pregnancy. The document also discusses opportunities to advance population dynamics and climate change adaptation, as well as hotspots where population and climate change intersect. It advocates for integrating population, health, and environment approaches and explores opportunities for policy advocacy in this area.
Amber Peterman, Elsa Valli and Tia Palermo
UNICEF Office of Research – Innocenti
On Behalf of the LEAP 1000 Evaluation Team
CSAE Conference 2019, Oxford
March 17, 2019
Making the case jan 09 (3) 28 oct 2008Gary Jenkins
The document discusses the importance of collaboration and integration across health and education agencies to address disparities. It notes that minority communities are disproportionately impacted by achievement gaps, sexually transmitted diseases, HIV, and unintended teen pregnancy. Health and education disparities are often influenced by the same root causes, including lack of access to services, stigma, and socioeconomic factors. The document advocates for recognizing the benefits of collaboration, such as improved health and academic outcomes for at-risk youth. It also acknowledges barriers but stresses the importance of making progress, for example by strengthening partnerships and sharing data.
As the UNICEF Office of Research-Innocenti, we conduct research to inform policymaking and implementation. This project brief summarizes our research on children, migration, and displacement.
Building Capacity to Improve Population Health using a Social Determinants of...Practical Playbook
The Practical Playbook
National Meeting 2016
www.practicalplaybook.org
Bringing Public Health and Primary Care Together: The Practical Playbook National Meeting was at the Hyatt Regency in Bethesda, MD, May 22 - 24, 2016. The meeting was a milestone event towards advancing robust collaborations that improve population health. Key stakeholders from across sectors – representing professional associations, community organizations, government agencies and academic institutions – and across the country came together at the National Meeting to help catalyze a national movement, accelerate collaborations by fostering skill development, and connect with like-minded individuals and organizations to facilitate the exchange of ideas to drive population health improvement.
The National Meeting was also a significant source of tools and resources to advance collaboration. These tools and resources are available below and include:
Session presentations and materials
Poster session content
Photos from the National Meeting
The conversation started at the National Meeting is continuing in a LinkedIn Group "Working Together for Population Health" and Twitter. Use #PPBMeeting to provide feedback on the National Meeting.
The Practical Playbook was developed by the de Beaumont Foundation, the Duke University School of Medicine Department of Community and Family Medicine, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the Health Resources & Services Administration (HRSA).
Adolescents, social protection and HIV in South AfricaRENEWAL-IFPRI
This document summarizes the Swa Koteka study which aims to determine if conditional cash transfers given to young women in South Africa to encourage school attendance can reduce their risk of HIV infection. The study uses a randomized controlled trial design across 24 villages. Some villages receive a community mobilization intervention targeting young men to change gender norms. Young women ages 14-20 either receive monthly cash transfers conditional on school attendance or serve as the control group. The primary outcome is assessing if conditional cash transfers lower HIV incidence rates after 3 years. Secondary outcomes include rates of HSV-2, risky sexual behaviors, and school attendance.
Evidence suggests that developing specific core capacities from childhood can support performance in school, work, and life.
These nine “core capacities” are cornerstones of life skills. We often overlook these capacities as innate basic skills, so they are underutilized in efforts to promote child well-being and development.
But by nurturing, expanding, and modelling these capacities, children can better understand and interact with the world around them, and realise their unique potential.
Visit our research report launched 9 December 2021: unicef-irc.org/what-makes-me
Public Health Approach to Youth Violence PreventionCourtney Bartlett
Local health departments can play a key role in preventing youth violence by implementing a public health approach. This approach involves 4 strategic steps: 1) defining the local youth violence problem through data analysis, 2) identifying risk and protective factors, 3) selecting, implementing, and evaluating evidence-based prevention strategies, and 4) ensuring broader adoption of successful strategies. The public health approach addresses individual, relationship, community, and societal factors contributing to youth violence and aims to reduce risk factors and increase protective factors through a range of universal, selective, and indicated interventions. It is an iterative process that regularly reexamines data and strategies and adapts them as community needs change over time.
The document discusses social protection approaches for children and adolescents. It outlines UNICEF's focus on using social protection systems to promote children's rights and equitable outcomes. Social protection can be protective, preventive, or transformative. The document then reviews evidence that social cash transfers can positively impact education and child labor outcomes, as well as safe transitions to adulthood by delaying marriage and childbearing. However, impacts vary by context and gender. The document calls for mainstreaming an adolescent lens into social protection programming to better address their needs through program design, features, and indicators.
Barbara Sheppard is a visionary public health leader with nearly 25 years of experience managing federally and state funded prevention programs. She has expertise developing innovative programs, building partnerships, and securing over $30 million in funding. Currently she is a Senior Director at Cabarrus Health Alliance in North Carolina where she oversees $2 million annually for programs addressing issues like obesity, substance abuse, and teen pregnancy prevention.
Elena Camilletti and Zahrah Nesbitt-Ahmed's presentation at socialprotection.org's e-conference held in October 2020: "How do national social protection strategies and programmes integrate gender considerations? Evidence from low- and middle income countries".
The presentations outlines a draft Research Brief, jointly produced by UN Women and UNICEF Innocenti, discusses the findings of research undertaken to map and assess 50 national social protection strategies and 40 social programmes from a gender perspective.
Using evidence from Ghana's LEAP 1000 program, Transfer Project's Richard de Groot explores whether cash transfers targeted to children in the first 1,000 days of life can improve their nutritional status.
Presented as part of EPRC's What Works for Africa’s Poorest Children conference in Kampala, Uganda in September 2018.
Jennifer Waidler presents “A Cash Plus Model for Safe Transitions to Adulthood: Impacts on the Sexual and Reproductive Health Knowledge of Tanzania’s Youth” at APHA Annual Meeting 2019, Philadelphia, November 3-6 2019
Effective solutions to end violence against children will require researchers, practitioners, and leaders to come together to take stock of what we know, bridge gaps across the field, and influence change through the use and generation of VAC evidence.
This webinar aimed to share evidence and foster discussion on intersections between violence against women and violence against children, highlighting opportunities for greater collaboration, to build knowledge, and to translate it into policy and programmes.
Opening remarks: Alessandra Guedes, Gender and Development Research Manager, UNICEF Innocenti
Presenting evidence:
- Clara Alemann, Director of Programs, Promundo, The Hague
- Manuela Colombini, Assistant Professor in Health Systems and Policy and Gender-based Violence, and Loraine Bacchus, Associate Professor of Social Science, LSHTM
- Chandré Gould, Senior Research Fellow, and Matodzi Amisi, Senior Research Consultant, Institute for Security Studies, South Africa
- Isabelle Pearson, Research Fellow for the Gender Violence & Health Centre at LSHTM and Heidi Stöckl, Professor of Public Health Evaluation, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Panel discussion:
- Paul Bukuluki, Associate Professor of Social Work and Medical Anthropology, Makerere University, Uganda
- Lina Digolo, Senior Associate, The Prevention Collaborative, Kenya
- Lori Heise, Professor of Gender, Violence and Health at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, United States
- Santi Kusumaningrum, Co-founder and Director, PUSKAPA - Center on Child Protection and Wellbeing at Universitas Indonesia
- Tarisai Mchuchu-MacMillan, Executive Director, MOSAIC, South Africa
Closing remarks: Emily Esplen, Head of Ending Violence Team, FCDO, United Kingdom
As the UNICEF Office of Research-Innocenti, we conduct research to inform policymaking and implementation. This project brief summarizes our research on gender-responsive age-sensitive social protection.
The Process of Programming: Exploring Best Practices for Effective Prevention...Kyle Brown
This document discusses best practices for effective prevention programs. It begins by outlining some of the greatest challenges faced by prevention programs, including lack of resources and student engagement. The document then discusses EverFi's framework for comprehensive prevention, which incorporates programming, policy, critical processes, and institutionalization. It provides guidance on domains to consider for effective programming, such as targeted populations and theoretical underpinnings. Principles of effective prevention include varied teaching methods, sufficient dosage, being theory-driven, and outcome evaluation. The document concludes by discussing insights from the field on effectively implementing specific prevention strategies and supporting the student voice in program design and delivery.
From the Top Down to the Bottom-Up: Making Campus Wide Safety An Institution ...Kyle Brown
Institutionalizing campus safety as a priority requires a top-down and bottom-up approach. When campus safety is truly institutionalized, it involves commitment from senior leaders, inclusion in strategic plans and mission statements, dedicated resources like staffing and budgets, infrastructure support through websites and facilities, and engagement of the entire campus community through task forces and working groups. Data shows a positive correlation between higher levels of institutionalization and better prevention programming and outcomes for issues like alcohol and sexual assault.
This document discusses child sensitive social protection. It begins by providing context on global poverty levels and demographics in sub-Saharan Africa. It then defines social protection according to various organizations and provides examples of social protection instruments targeted at different life stages. The document discusses how social protection correlates to the Sustainable Development Goals and reviews intended and unintended impacts of programs in India, Ethiopia, and Peru. It concludes by defining child sensitive social protection as policies and programs that address children's specific vulnerabilities and poverty patterns while maximizing positive impacts on children.
Impact of the Kenya Cash Transfer for Orphans and Vulnerable Children on safe...Michelle Mills
This presentation provides information about The Transfer Project and describes findings from a recent evaluation of the Kenya Cash Transfer Program for Orphans and Vulnerable Children.
Retaining youth in 4-H programs beyond the first year is important for positive youth development and building resilience. Research shows that sustained involvement in youth programs leads to better academic performance and less risky behavior. The document discusses factors that influence youth retention, including meaningful relationships with caring adults, youth-centered programming, and clearly defined program goals. It then describes a new program called "Welcome to 4-H" that is intended to address retention issues for first-year 4-H members through year-long orientation activities focused on belonging, independence, generosity, and mastery.
The policy story: population, health and environmentIIED
The document discusses the linkages between population, health, and the environment. It notes that a rights-based approach to family planning can help fulfill unmet need for contraception, which represents 222 million women globally who want to delay or prevent pregnancy. The document also discusses opportunities to advance population dynamics and climate change adaptation, as well as hotspots where population and climate change intersect. It advocates for integrating population, health, and environment approaches and explores opportunities for policy advocacy in this area.
Amber Peterman, Elsa Valli and Tia Palermo
UNICEF Office of Research – Innocenti
On Behalf of the LEAP 1000 Evaluation Team
CSAE Conference 2019, Oxford
March 17, 2019
Making the case jan 09 (3) 28 oct 2008Gary Jenkins
The document discusses the importance of collaboration and integration across health and education agencies to address disparities. It notes that minority communities are disproportionately impacted by achievement gaps, sexually transmitted diseases, HIV, and unintended teen pregnancy. Health and education disparities are often influenced by the same root causes, including lack of access to services, stigma, and socioeconomic factors. The document advocates for recognizing the benefits of collaboration, such as improved health and academic outcomes for at-risk youth. It also acknowledges barriers but stresses the importance of making progress, for example by strengthening partnerships and sharing data.
As the UNICEF Office of Research-Innocenti, we conduct research to inform policymaking and implementation. This project brief summarizes our research on children, migration, and displacement.
Building Capacity to Improve Population Health using a Social Determinants of...Practical Playbook
The Practical Playbook
National Meeting 2016
www.practicalplaybook.org
Bringing Public Health and Primary Care Together: The Practical Playbook National Meeting was at the Hyatt Regency in Bethesda, MD, May 22 - 24, 2016. The meeting was a milestone event towards advancing robust collaborations that improve population health. Key stakeholders from across sectors – representing professional associations, community organizations, government agencies and academic institutions – and across the country came together at the National Meeting to help catalyze a national movement, accelerate collaborations by fostering skill development, and connect with like-minded individuals and organizations to facilitate the exchange of ideas to drive population health improvement.
The National Meeting was also a significant source of tools and resources to advance collaboration. These tools and resources are available below and include:
Session presentations and materials
Poster session content
Photos from the National Meeting
The conversation started at the National Meeting is continuing in a LinkedIn Group "Working Together for Population Health" and Twitter. Use #PPBMeeting to provide feedback on the National Meeting.
The Practical Playbook was developed by the de Beaumont Foundation, the Duke University School of Medicine Department of Community and Family Medicine, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and the Health Resources & Services Administration (HRSA).
Adolescents, social protection and HIV in South AfricaRENEWAL-IFPRI
This document summarizes the Swa Koteka study which aims to determine if conditional cash transfers given to young women in South Africa to encourage school attendance can reduce their risk of HIV infection. The study uses a randomized controlled trial design across 24 villages. Some villages receive a community mobilization intervention targeting young men to change gender norms. Young women ages 14-20 either receive monthly cash transfers conditional on school attendance or serve as the control group. The primary outcome is assessing if conditional cash transfers lower HIV incidence rates after 3 years. Secondary outcomes include rates of HSV-2, risky sexual behaviors, and school attendance.
Evidence suggests that developing specific core capacities from childhood can support performance in school, work, and life.
These nine “core capacities” are cornerstones of life skills. We often overlook these capacities as innate basic skills, so they are underutilized in efforts to promote child well-being and development.
But by nurturing, expanding, and modelling these capacities, children can better understand and interact with the world around them, and realise their unique potential.
Visit our research report launched 9 December 2021: unicef-irc.org/what-makes-me
Public Health Approach to Youth Violence PreventionCourtney Bartlett
Local health departments can play a key role in preventing youth violence by implementing a public health approach. This approach involves 4 strategic steps: 1) defining the local youth violence problem through data analysis, 2) identifying risk and protective factors, 3) selecting, implementing, and evaluating evidence-based prevention strategies, and 4) ensuring broader adoption of successful strategies. The public health approach addresses individual, relationship, community, and societal factors contributing to youth violence and aims to reduce risk factors and increase protective factors through a range of universal, selective, and indicated interventions. It is an iterative process that regularly reexamines data and strategies and adapts them as community needs change over time.
The document discusses social protection approaches for children and adolescents. It outlines UNICEF's focus on using social protection systems to promote children's rights and equitable outcomes. Social protection can be protective, preventive, or transformative. The document then reviews evidence that social cash transfers can positively impact education and child labor outcomes, as well as safe transitions to adulthood by delaying marriage and childbearing. However, impacts vary by context and gender. The document calls for mainstreaming an adolescent lens into social protection programming to better address their needs through program design, features, and indicators.
The document discusses strengthening education sector response to reproductive health, HIV, and AIDS through comprehensive sexuality education. It notes that fewer youth are prepared for adulthood, rendering them vulnerable. In Kenya, HIV prevalence among 15-24 year olds is 3.8% and sexual debut has declined to 12 years old. Comprehensive sexuality education in schools can help increase knowledge and skills to prevent diseases and unintended pregnancy by addressing relationships, values, and decision making. Research shows such programs do not increase sexual activity but can promote healthy behaviors and attitudes when culturally appropriate. The education sector aims to collaborate across stakeholders to implement comprehensive sexuality education.
This document discusses comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) in the Eastern Mediterranean region. It notes that adolescents in the region lack knowledge about sexual and reproductive health. While parents and teachers' attitudes are often negative, most support CSE that aligns with religious and cultural values. Key challenges to implementing CSE include socio-cultural norms, policy barriers, and lack of funding. Successful programs in Egypt and Pakistan demonstrate that engaging stakeholders and providing school-based CSE can improve knowledge and support for CSE. Future prospects include building on regional health initiatives and implementing evidence-based CSE through collaborative, coordinated efforts.
This document provides guidance on integrating gender into monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of health programs. It defines key terms like sex, gender, gender equality, and gender equity. Gender is a social construct that influences health outcomes, so gender must be addressed in M&E. The document outlines how to measure gender through collecting sex-disaggregated data, using gender-sensitive indicators, and evaluating programs' impact on gender norms and women's empowerment. Integrating gender into M&E ensures programs effectively address gender issues and health inequities.
Comprehensive Sexuality Education is a curriculum-based process of teaching & learning about the cognitive, emotional, physical & social aspects of sexuality.
The document discusses comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) in the Eastern Mediterranean region. It notes that adolescents in the region lack knowledge about sexual and reproductive health due to poor education programs. While most parents support CSE being taught in schools according to Islamic principles, teachers often have negative attitudes. Successful CSE programs have been implemented in Egypt and Pakistan. However, challenges remain including socio-cultural norms, lack of coordination and funding. Future prospects include building on initiatives to integrate CSE and leveraging opportunities under the UN's Sustainable Development Goals.
This document discusses comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. It defines CSE as a curriculum that teaches about cognitive, emotional, physical and social aspects of sexuality. The document outlines key concepts to be included in CSE curricula according to international guidance. It discusses regional challenges to implementing CSE, including socio-cultural challenges like myths and perceived stigma, as well as policy and programmatic challenges like a lack of coordination and funding. The document also highlights some successful CSE programs in the region, such as one conducted in Egypt that showed improved knowledge among adolescents after attending teaching sessions.
The document summarizes research from the Office of Research-Innocenti on using fiscal policy analysis to promote equity for children. It presents a framework that integrates child-focused budget analysis, child poverty measurement, and fiscal incidence analysis. As a proof of concept, the framework was applied in Uganda. Key findings included that targeting social transfers based on multidimensional child poverty measures or monetary poverty could help reduce child poverty but with small impacts due to low benefit levels. Policy simulations found that reducing education gaps had the largest potential impact on child poverty at relatively low cost. The research aims to develop the approach into a global public good tool to generate evidence and inform policy discussions on equity for children.
This document discusses UNICEF's efforts to strengthen its use of evidence to drive change for children. It outlines UNICEF's journey from initially focusing on generating high-quality research to now also emphasizing evidence communication and systematizing evidence use. Recent initiatives include evidence syntheses like the MegaMap to identify evidence gaps, surveys to assess UNICEF's evidence culture, and work to strengthen national evidence ecosystems. The goal is to maximize the impact of evidence in shaping policies and programs to improve children's lives.
Adolescent Reproductive Health_Cate Lane_5.6.14CORE Group
Three interventions are proven ineffective for improving adolescent sexual and reproductive health:
1. Youth centers do not effectively deliver sexual health services and have high costs per beneficiary.
2. Peer education alone shows limited effects on behaviors and health outcomes, with greatest impact on peer educators.
3. Child marriage legislation has limited impact, as rates decline for other reasons beyond legal reforms.
Two effective interventions are comprehensive sexuality education, which is most effective when curricula are developed through participatory processes and address knowledge, attitudes and skills. Adolescent friendly health services also increase utilization when providers are non-judgemental, facilities are appealing, and communities are engaged. A focus on positive youth development through skills, participation, relationships and
Stocktake of Prevention, Education and Frontline responses to Child Abuse in ...WERDS_NZ
This stocktake report was commissioned by the Every Day Communities unit of Child Youth and Family and the Waitakere Anti-Violence Essential Services. The report identifies trends, issues and gaps in child abuse prevention and response services across the Waitakere area., and makes recommendations for improvemen
Government Unconditional Transfers and Safe Transitions into Adulthood - Lamb...The Transfer Project
Lambon-Quayefio et al. (2021). Government Unconditional Transfers and Safe Transitions into Adulthood Among Youth in Malawi. IUSSP virtual conference: https://ipc2021.popconf.org/sessions/13
The field of prevention is undergoing significant changes due to factors like new technologies, political climates, and decreased funding. Access to the field is expanding as universities offer new prevention-focused programs. There is increased collaboration between prevention specialists and other professionals, but also potential duplication of efforts. The language of prevention is also changing as specialists are asked to quantify outcomes and participate more in behavioral research. The scope of issues addressed by prevention is expanding beyond substances to include other social problems. Through it all, prevention specialists must continue sharing their knowledge and advocating for families and communities.
Impacts of Cash Transfers on Adolescents' & Young Women's Well-Being Globally...The Transfer Project
Tia Palermo's presentation for the joint UNICEF & Gates Foundation Tanzania Adolescent Symposium in Dar es Salaam on 7 February 2018.
Using evidence from around the world, Tia outlines what we know about cash transfers impacts on youth and young women's well-being.
The document summarizes a program called Siyakha Nentsha in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa that aims to build capabilities among adolescents threatened by HIV/AIDS. It describes the socioeconomic challenges in the region like poverty, unemployment, early pregnancy and school leaving. Research found these factors associated with higher HIV risk behaviors. The program provides evidence-based, multi-session curriculum on HIV prevention, resource management, and future planning to empower participants. Preliminary feedback suggests it improves attitudes, knowledge, aspirations, and agency. The goal is to scale it up through the Department of Education.
1) Adolescence is a period of unique biological, neurological, and psychological changes between puberty and adulthood. It represents three windows of opportunity: changing body and mind, catching up on vulnerabilities, and influencing later life outcomes.
2) Evidence shows interventions should be age-appropriate, gender-responsive, and address contextual risks like education, employment, family environment, and gender norms. Parenting programs can improve relationships and reduce risky behaviors.
3) Coherent policies are needed that coordinate minimum ages, focus on both risks and participation, and support marginalized youth. Gaps that allow children to leave school before work or marry too young need closing.
Adolscents to Youth to Young Adults_Outterson_5.11.11CORE Group
The document discusses Save the Children's experience with integrated adolescent development programs in several countries. It finds that such integrated, multi-sectoral programs that develop youth assets are generally preferred over single-sector programs. The integrated approach aims to engage youth ages 12-18 through activities promoting skills, services, and youth-led interventions. Evaluation found the approach most successful for in-school youth and indicated opportunities to better engage more vulnerable groups.
Using Evidence to Inform Program Reform in the Malawi Social Cash Transfer Pr...The Transfer Project
The document discusses policy options for strengthening the Malawi Social Cash Transfer Program's approach to addressing lifecycle vulnerabilities. It summarizes that:
1) While the program indirectly reaches vulnerable groups like the elderly, disabled, and female-headed households, children under 5 are not directly supported.
2) Two recent impact studies suggest the program could be more effective in addressing school retention and lifecycle vulnerabilities.
3) Policy options presented include directly targeting vulnerable categories through a categorical approach or providing additional support for children under 5 and young mothers within beneficiary households.
The document discusses policy options for strengthening the Malawi Social Cash Transfer Program's approach to addressing lifecycle vulnerabilities. It summarizes that:
1) While the program indirectly reaches vulnerable groups like the elderly, disabled, and female-headed households, children under 5 are not directly supported.
2) Two recent impact studies suggest the program could be more effective in addressing school retention and lifecycle vulnerabilities.
3) Policy options presented include directly targeting vulnerable categories through a categorical approach or providing additional support for children under 5 and young mothers within beneficiary households.
Policymakers tend to trust researchers who they have interacted with regularly and can discuss difficult topics with, as this establishes reliability and intimacy over time. The document outlines three key factors that influence trust between researchers and policymakers when informing policy decisions with evidence: content expertise and presence builds credibility; dependability and consistent behavior builds reliability; and the ability to discuss challenging issues builds intimacy.
Policymakers tend to trust researchers who they have interacted with regularly and can discuss difficult topics with, as this establishes reliability and intimacy over time. The document outlines three key factors that influence trust between researchers and policymakers when informing policy decisions with evidence: content expertise and presence builds credibility; dependability and consistent behavior builds reliability; and the ability to discuss challenging issues builds intimacy.
The document summarizes Zambia's social cash transfer program, which has expanded significantly since 2014. It discusses the sustained political support, evidence-based policymaking, increased government funding, and coordination between partners that have contributed to the program's success. It also notes that the program is guided by Zambia's national development plan and a new target of 100% coverage of poor households by 2025. Key elements of the program include a "cash plus" approach that links cash transfers to other assistance, an enhanced management information system, and consideration of graduation pathways and exit strategies.
Impact Evaluation Plan of Humanitarian Interventions in Somalia The Transfer Project
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Social Protection & Adolescence
1. MAJA GAVRILOVIC, UNICEF OFFICE OF
RESEARCH—INNOCENTI
HOW ARE SOCIAL
PROTECTION
PROGRAMMES
TARGETING OR
INCLUSIVE OF
ADOLESCENCE?
SOCIAL PROTECTION GENDER NORMS AND
ADOLESCENCE: AN EXPERT DIALOGUE
2. WHY INVEST IN
ADOLESCENTS
THOUGH SOCIAL
PROTECTION?
01.
Social Protection (SP) can play critical role in facilitating safe
transitions to adulthood
• Period of rapid physiological, biological and
psychological change
• Heighted exposure to poverty and vulnerabilities
(Neetu, et. al, 2017).
02.
Unique window of opportunity for SP to:
• Improve opportunities constrained by gender norms
• Promote more equitable gender roles and relations
• In many countries, there is a limited recognition of
adolescence as a distinct life stage
3. HOW ARE
ADOLESCENTS
REPRESENTED IN
SP PROGRAMMING?
01.
With global attention in adolescent development growing, key
moment to step up the efforts and leverage impacts of SP for
adolescents
02.
Traditionally, adolescents not the primary focus of government-
run SP
• Prioritization of ECD and adult outcomes
• In SSA, targeting often includes large number of
adolescents, but their multiple needs and vulnerabilities
rarely reflected in programme design
03.
Gender lens inconsistently used for understanding risk &
vulnerability and informing design
• Many issues related to adolescence (eg. sexuality,
SRH) remain sensitive and a cultural taboo, limiting
buy-in for adolescence-focused programming
4. Target Groups in SP Programmes in SSA
Source: Cirillo & Tebaldo 2016 (Social Protection in Africa: Inventory
of Non-Contributory Programmes): http://www.ipc-
undp.org/pub/eng/Social_Protection_in_Africa.pdf
ADOLESCENTS ARE
FALLING THROUGH
THE CRACKS IN
(DIRECT) TARGETING
5. HOW ARE NEEDS
REFLECTED IN
PROGRAMMING
01.
Sub-set of adolescent-focused programmes (typically run as
pilots) to address different (overlapping) vulnerabilities faced by
adolescents
02.
Social transfers mainly used for this purpose include:
• Cash transfers (conditional and unconditional)
• Educational stipends/scholarships/vocational training
• Fee waivers
• In-kind transfers (eg. school feeding, uniforms/school
supplies)
03.
Focus on a narrow set of issues and younger cohorts (e.g.
meeting practical needs)
04.
‘Transformative’ programs can be used as a vehicle to
promote:
• empowerment, voice and agency among
adolescents
• tackle harmful socio-cultural practices
• improve their strategic position in families and
community
6. FOCUS PRIMARILY
ON YOUNGER
ADOLESCENT
GIRLS
01.
Affirmative action for girls is justified given their greater
(multidimensional) poverty, compared to boys (UN Women,
2015)
02.
More efforts are needed to reflect in programming how gender
norms and ideologies of masculinity expose boys to specific
risks
8. SOCIAL
PROTECTION AND
ADOLESCENTS
01.
Main adolescent-focus to date: promote secondary school
access
02.
Strong evidence that conditional and unconditional programs:
• improve school attendance and attainment (Baird et
al. 2014)
• delay sexual debut, marriage and childbearing and
reduce risky behavior but not in all settings (Dake et
al. 2018 Handa et al. 2014; Handa et al. 2015;
Heinrich et al. 2017)
• improve mental health (Kilburn et al. 2016)
• reduce intimate partner violence (Pettifor et al. 2016)
03.
Transformative potential:
• reduce gender disparities in secondary school
enrolment
• challenge traditional attitudes around how girls are
valued by their families and communities
• provide safe, progressive environment for girls and
boys where they can learn new values/norms, and be
empowered.
9. SOCIAL AND
GENDER NORMS
CAN MODIFY
IMPACTS ON SAFE
TRANSITIONS
01.
Transfer Project research has identified education and increases
in household economic stability as 2 main pathways through
which SCTs facilitate safe transitions to adulthood
• But, varies by context, and pathways found to be
more important among female populations
02.
Differential impacts on some outcomes (sexual behaviour,
mental health among others) for males vs. females has been
demonstrated in some countries
03.
Can be hypothesized that traditional gender norms may be
underlying and moderating some of these differential effects, but
further research needed.
10. Need robust
research to
unpack the links
between norms,
core pathways &
programme
impacts
Important for research & evaluations
to measure gender norms/attitudes &
examine moderating impacts
Even if no impacts on norms
expected/feasible
11. PROGRAMMES MAY
ALSO CHALLENGE
DISCRIMINATORY
GENDER NORMS
AND HARMFUL
PRACTICES HEAD
ON
CHILD MARRIAGE EXAMPLES
01.
“Our daughters, our wealth”, CCT program in India conditional
on girls remaining unmarried until the age of 18
02.
Transformative scope: i) Send message to invest in girls
(valuable and not a burden) ii) use cash for girls education rather
than marriage.
• No positive effects, may have encouraged families to
marry off their daughters once they turned 18.
• Poor design jeopardized results (e.g. absence
of clear messaging to promote intent)
03.
UNICEF supported Integrated Safety Net Programme (INSP) in
Ethiopia’s Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) – case
management focus to combat harmful gender norms and
practices around early marriage, invest in adolescent SRH
(among other aims) rolling out in 2018
12.
13. 01.
Targeting by itself may not be enough to achieve specific
objectives if transfers are not shared equitably within HH
02.
Adolescent-sensitive design innovations
• South Africa: providing transfers directly to adolescent
girls (not caregivers)
• Malawi: transfers (varied amounts) provided to
adolescent girl and caregiver in participating HH
• India: individual entitlements have been piloted in the
Basic Income Grant pilot in India
03.
Transfer size can address specific gender and age
vulnerabilities
• Mexico, Colombia, Tanzania: Higher amounts for
secondary- school-age girls than for primary-school-
age girls
• Jamaica: Higher payments for secondary-school age
boys
HOW CAN DESIGN
FEATURES BE
USED
STRATEGICALLY TO
IMPROVE
(TRANSFORMATIVE)
OUTCOMES FOR
ADOLESCENTS?
14. HOW CAN DESIGN
FEATURES BE
USED
STRATEGICALLY TO
IMPROVE
(TRANSFORMATIVE)
OUTCOMES FOR
ADOLESCENTS?
04.
Messaging/soft conditions: Influence allocation of resources,
strengthen the bargaining power of individuals who may
otherwise lack it (Pace et al. 2018).
• Conditions found to improve the outcomes of ‘marginal’
children in whom parents are less likely to invest (eg.
Burkina Faso pilot).
• Soft conditionality’ labeling also effective (eg. ‘tagging’
transfers)
• Using messaging to promote certain adolescent-
focused outcomes (eg. sexual behavior, education,
gender equity)
05.
Cash+ programming: cash alone not enough to address the
multifaceted challenges faced by adolescents.
06.
Efforts to link adolescents in SCT participating households
with complementary programming/services targeting specific
vulnerabilities.
• Malawi, Zambia: linked adolescents to information,
treatment and testing for HIV
• Tanzania: livelihoods training, mentoring & linkages to
SRH/HIV services
16. 01.
Mainstream adolescent lens into programming:
• Ensure their needs are explicitly and systematically
reflected in the programme cycle (e.g. vuln.
assessments, objectives, features, M&E)
• Invest in staff capacity and operational systems, building
political commitment and support.
02.
Where programmes specifically target adolescents:
• Consider when girls and/or boys should be preferentially
targeted, and base this selection on evidence instead of
well-worn assumptions
• Target especially vulnerable groups of
adolescents/those ‘hard-to-reach’ e.g. teen mothers,
out-of-school adolescents etc.
03.
Adolescent-sensitive messaging:
• Should be well-designed and implemented:
• Broad (or gender-neutral) awareness raising
messages can easily signal the wrong message,
inadvertently reinforcing negative behaviors
CONCLUSIONS
17. 04.
Complementary support Should be tailored to adolescent
needs, vulnerabilities, age and priorities (life cycle lens)
05.
Social/gender norms lens critical for advancing
transformative programming but must be practical/feasible
• Relative importance of ‘social norms approach’
depends on specific issues/context
• Understand when/how norms act as a barrier to
development outcomes
• Recognition that design and implementation
practices themselves are informed by social norms
and beliefs (eg. gender assumptions in CCTs)
• Should not oversell the potential of SP to affect social
and gender norms (eg. cost effectiveness)
06.
Evaluation needs:
• Methodologies to measure/assess changes in norms
related to SP (what should we measure, at what level
and how?)
• More analysis of moderating effects of norms
CONCLUSIONS
18. • Baird, S., et al. (2014). "Conditional, unconditional and everything in between: a systematic review of the effects of cash transfer
programmes on schooling outcomes." Journal of Development Effectiveness 6(1): 1-43.
• Cluver, L., Boyes, M., Orkin, M., Pantelic, M., Molwena, T., & Sherr, L. (2013). Child-focused state cash transfers and adolescent
risk of HIV infection in South Africa: a propensity-score-matched case-control study. The Lancet Global Health, 1(6), e362-e370.
• Dake, F., Natali, L., Angeles, G., De Hoop, J., Handa, S., & Peterman, A. (2018). Income transfers, early marriage and fertility in
Malawi and Zambia. Studies in family planning, in press.
• Handa, S., Halpern, C. T., Pettifor, A., & Thirumurthy, H. (2014). The government of Kenya's cash transfer program reduces the
risk of sexual debut among young people age 15-25. PLoS One, 9(1), e85473-e85473.
• Handa, S., Peterman, A., Huang, C., Halpern, C. T., Pettifor, A., & Thirumurthy, H. (2015). Impact of the Kenya Cash Transfer for
Orphans and Vulnerable Children on Early Pregnancy and Marriage of Adolescent Girls. Social Science & Medicine, 141, 36-45.
• Heinrich, C. J., Hoddinott, J., & Samson, M. (2017). Reducing adolescent risky behaviors in a high-risk context: the effects of
unconditional cash transfers in South Africa. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 65(4), 619-652.
• Kilburn, K., Thirumurthy, H., Tucker Halpern, C., Pettifor, A., & Handa, S. (2016). Effects of a large-scale unconditional cash
transfer program on mental health outcomes of young people in Kenya: a cluster randomized trial. Journal of Adolescent Health,
58(2), 223-229.
• Neetu, A., et al. (2017) Gender Socialization During Adolescents in Low- and Middle-Income countries: Conceptualization,
influences and outcomes. Innocenti Discussion Paper 2017-01.
• Pace, N., et al. (2018). Shaping Cash Transfer Impacts Through ‘Soft-conditions’: Evidence from Lesotho. Journal of African
Economies, 2018, 1-31.
• Pettifor, A., et al. (2016). "The effect of a conditional cash transfer on HIV incidence in young women in rural South Africa (HPTN
068): a phase 3, randomised controlled trial." The Lancet Global Health 4(12): e978-e988.
• Rosenberg, M. et. al, (2013) The Impact of a National Poverty Reduction Program on the Characteristics of Sex Partners Among
Kenyan Adolescents. Journal of AIDS and Behaviour (2014) 18:311-316.
• UN Women. 2015. Progress of the world’s women 2015-2016. Transforming economies. Realizing rights. New York, USA.
REFERENCES