This document discusses social processes and culture. It defines social processes as the interactions between individuals and groups that establish social relationships. Two sociologists, MacIver and Ginsberg, define social processes as the manner group relations acquire character and modes of interaction like cooperation and conflict. There are associative processes like cooperation and accommodation that benefit society, and dissociative processes like competition and conflict that can hinder growth but are necessary. The document also discusses definitions of culture and how it influences perception, behavior, and personality through shared values and beliefs.

2. Presented To
Teacher Name
Lecturer Subject
Presented By
Group

3. GROUP MEMBERS
• Hira Haider
• Shinai Taimur
• Qurat-ul-ain
• Azka
• Mahnoor Qaiser
• Minahil Pathan
• Zaryab Chahudry
• Adil Rehan Butt
• Nayab Malik

4. SOCIAL
PROCESS
Topic of The Project is

5. What Is Social
Process?

6. • Social Interaction That Occurs Repeatedly

7. We mean those ways in which individuals and groups interact and
establish social relationships.
By Social Processes

8. According to Him
A Sociologist of 20th Century,
Robert Morrison MacIver (April 17, 1882 – June 15, 1970) Define Social Process as
“Social Process Is The Manner In Which The
Relations Of The Members Of A Group, Once
Brought Together, Acquire A Distinctive Character”.

9. And According to Him
A Sociologist of 20th Century,
Morris Ginsberg (14 May 1889 – 31 August 1970) was a British sociologist,
“Social processes mean the various modes of interaction
between individuals or groups including cooperation and
conflict, social differentiation and integration,
development, arrest and decay”.

10. TYPES OF SOCIAL PROCESS
SOCIAL PROCESS
DISSOCIATIVE SOCIAL PROCESSASSOCIATIVE SOCIAL PROCESS

11. - The associative or conjunctive social processes are positive.
- These social processes work for the solidarity and benefit of society.
ASSOCIATIVE SOCIAL PROCESSES

12. • Cooperation
• Accommodation
• Assimilation
• Acculturation
• Dissociative Process
Types Associative Social Processes
This category of social processes includes

13. • Dissociative Social Processes are also called the Disintegrative or
Disjunctive Social Processes.
• Although these processes hinder the growth and development of
society, their absence results in stagnation of society. Few
DESSOCIATIVE SOCIAL PROCESSES

14.  Competition
 Conflict
 Contravention
 Differentiation
Types Dissociative Social Processes
Important types or dissociative processes are

15. What Is Culture?

16. According to Sociologists,
Culture consists of the Values, Beliefs, Systems of Language and
Communication, and Practices that people share in common and that can be
used to define them as a collective.

17. According to Horton and Hunt Definition of Culture is,
“Culture is everything, which is socially shared and learned by the
members of a society.”

18. "Culture is the sum of all the forms of art, of love,
and of thought, which, in the course of centuries, have
enabled man to be less enslaved."
According to Andre Malraux
Andre Malraux, French novelist, art theorist and
Minister of Cultural Affairs,

19. How culture is developing us?

20. Culture is related to the development of our attitude.
Our cultural values influence how we approach living.

21. According to the Behaviorist,
‒ Culture is the ultimate system of social control where people monitor
their own standards and behavior.
‒ Our cultural values serve as the founding principles of our life.
‒ They shape our thinking, behavior, and personality.

22. ‒ Our culture forms the framework for our thoughts and behavior.
‒ The ideas ingrained in our minds by our culture influence the way we
perceive people and situations.
Culture Affects
Perception
That’s So
Provocative
Isn’t That ‘too
much
Clothing? Must
Be
Uncomfortable

23. Culture Influences Behavior
‒ Behavioral and communication etiquette are a part
of our culture.
‒ People from some cultures are found to be more open
in Communication
Than People from Conservative Cultures.

24. Culture Shapes Personalities
‒ People from cultures that take a more holistic approach (Eastern cultures)
are seen to be more capable of understanding other’s points of view.
‒ People from cultures that promote individualism (Western cultures)
are found to be less capable of understanding someone else's perspective.
I
We
Individualism
Collectivsm

25. We must recognize the Culture
‒ The study of cultures broadens our view towards cultural diversity.
‒ We learn to appreciate other cultures and not disrespect them.

26. Impact of Culture
‒ Our culture gives us an identity, and helps build our
character.
‒ The cultural values shared across our community or social
group, give us a sense of belonging towards society.
‒ The importance of culture cannot be stressed enough, as it
is something that lies within us, around us, and is an
integral part of our being.

27. What Is Competition?

29. “Competition is an impersonal, unconscious, continuous struggle
between individuals or groups for satisfaction which, because of their
limited supply, all may not have.”
According to Sutherland, Woodward and Maxwell

30. “Competition is a contest to obtain
something which does not exist in a
quantity sufficient to meet the demand.”
According to Emory S. Bogardus,

31. Types Of
Competition
Personal Competition Impersonal Competition

32. CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPETITION
– Competition is a culturally Patterned
Process
– Competition is Impersonal
– Competition is Unconscious
– Competition is Universal
– Competition is Continuous
– Competition is Restrained

33. – Competition is considered to be very
healthy and a necessary social process.
– It is the basic law of life.
– It is extremely dynamic.
– It performs many useful functions in
society.
Role of
Competition:

34. Culture and Competition

35.  Competition and Conflict between Religion
 Competition regarding Business
 Competition among Pak and India since 1984
 Cultural Games and Competition
 Competition in Education
 Competition in bettering Life Styles
Culture and Competition