The document discusses and compares the philosophies of Thomas Hobbes and Jean-Jacques Rousseau regarding human nature and the state of nature. It provides summaries of their key differences: for Rousseau, man is essentially peaceful in the state of nature, while for Hobbes man is selfish; Rousseau believed society corrupts while Hobbes saw the need for government to prevent war. The document also discusses how humans have both instinct and reason, and considers whether we were truly ever "born free" or have always been subject to controls and societal influences.
Social philosophy and Political philosophy are both very closely related fields of philosophy generally dealing with the role of the individual in society, as well as the role of government.
Social philosophy is the philosophical study of questions about social behavior (typically, of humans). Social philosophy addresses a wide range of subjects, from individual meanings to legitimacy of laws, from the social contract to criteria for revolution, from the functions of everyday actions to the effects of science on culture, from changes in human demographics to the collective order of a wasp's nest. Social philosophy attempts to understand the patterns and nuances, changes and tendencies of societies. It is a wide field with many subdisciplines.Political philosophy is the study of questions about the city, government, politics, liberty, justice, property, rights, law and the enforcement of a legal code by authority: what they are, why (or even if) they are needed, what makes a government legitimate, what rights and freedoms it should protect and why, what form it should take and why, what the law is, and what duties citizens owe to a legitimate government, if any, and when it may be legitimately overthrown—if ever. In a vernacular sense, the term "political philosophy" often refers to a general view, or specific ethic, political belief or attitude, about politics that does not necessarily belong to the technical discipline of philosophy.
Political philosophy can also be understood by analysing it through the perspectives of metaphysics, epistemology and axiology thereby unearthing the ultimate reality side, the knowledge or methodical side and the value aspects of politics.There is often a considerable overlap between the questions addressed by social philosophy and ethics or value theory. Other forms of social philosophy include political philosophy and philosophy of law, which are largely concerned with the societies of state and government and their functioning. Social philosophy, ethics, and political philosophy all share intimate connections with other disciplines in the social sciences. In turn, the social sciences themselves are of focal interest to the philosophy of social science.
Social philosophy and Political philosophy are both very closely related fields of philosophy generally dealing with the role of the individual in society, as well as the role of government.
Social philosophy is the philosophical study of questions about social behavior (typically, of humans). Social philosophy addresses a wide range of subjects, from individual meanings to legitimacy of laws, from the social contract to criteria for revolution, from the functions of everyday actions to the effects of science on culture, from changes in human demographics to the collective order of a wasp's nest. Social philosophy attempts to understand the patterns and nuances, changes and tendencies of societies. It is a wide field with many subdisciplines.Political philosophy is the study of questions about the city, government, politics, liberty, justice, property, rights, law and the enforcement of a legal code by authority: what they are, why (or even if) they are needed, what makes a government legitimate, what rights and freedoms it should protect and why, what form it should take and why, what the law is, and what duties citizens owe to a legitimate government, if any, and when it may be legitimately overthrown—if ever. In a vernacular sense, the term "political philosophy" often refers to a general view, or specific ethic, political belief or attitude, about politics that does not necessarily belong to the technical discipline of philosophy.
Political philosophy can also be understood by analysing it through the perspectives of metaphysics, epistemology and axiology thereby unearthing the ultimate reality side, the knowledge or methodical side and the value aspects of politics.There is often a considerable overlap between the questions addressed by social philosophy and ethics or value theory. Other forms of social philosophy include political philosophy and philosophy of law, which are largely concerned with the societies of state and government and their functioning. Social philosophy, ethics, and political philosophy all share intimate connections with other disciplines in the social sciences. In turn, the social sciences themselves are of focal interest to the philosophy of social science.
Sociological school ..Analysis on the Contribution of Roscoe Pound.Neha tiwari
Sociological school
{Analysis on the Contribution of Roscoe Pound}
The Sociological approach to the study of law is the most important characteristic of our age. Jurists belonging to this school of thought are concerned more with the working of law rather than its abstract content
Sociological school ..Analysis on the Contribution of Roscoe Pound.Neha tiwari
Sociological school
{Analysis on the Contribution of Roscoe Pound}
The Sociological approach to the study of law is the most important characteristic of our age. Jurists belonging to this school of thought are concerned more with the working of law rather than its abstract content
An insight on the essence of Christian Morality in today's generation and what it means to be good or bad. It also gives a retrospect of Different Philosophies spread around the world. It gives the meaning of being righteous and just.
Week 1, Lecture B Do We Need A GovernmentOften we use words .docxcelenarouzie
Week 1, Lecture B: "Do We Need A Government?"
Often we use words like freedom and liberty without ever thinking about what these words mean. We assume that we all mean the same thing by these words; however, in reality, we all live by different personal definitions of freedom and liberty. Our definitions are not based on a dictionary but are informed by our unique personal life experiences. Consider the diversity even in this course. How might someone understand words like liberty and freedom from a background, culture, age, gender, or even race that is different from yours? Each of us has a unique story that has brought us to this point – and each of our stories is intrinsically valuable and important.
If we think about this level of diversity – how and why do such different individuals come together to exist together in a society?
The State of Nature, or Life Without Government
Simply, freedom and liberty are not the same thing. Let’s consider what we mean by freedom. For our purposes, freedom is doing whatever you want to do, whenever you want to do it.
If everyone had absolute freedom and could do whatever they wanted whenever they wanted what would our world look like? What would our relationships with each other look like?
These are the questions that political philosophers such as Thomas Hobbes and John Locke asked. These are also question that our founders asked as they pondered the creation of a new nation. They called this condition of absolute freedom the State of Nature – a state in which people lived in absolute freedom with no social structures or government.
For Hobbes, life in this state of nature looked very terrible. Hobbes described the state of nature as:
“In such condition there is no place for industry, because the fruit thereof is uncertain: and consequently no culture of the earth; no navigation, nor use of the commodities that may be imported by sea; no commodious building; no instruments of moving and removing such things as require much force; no knowledge of the face of the earth; no account of time; no arts; no letters; no society; and which is worst of all, continual fear, and danger of violent death; and the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short…”
Additionally, Hobbes suggested:
“For before constitution of sovereign power, as hath already been shown, all men had right to all things, which necessarily causeth war.”
For Hobbes, freedom was each individual having the right to all things. If you have new car, in the state of nature, I have right to take your new car – even by force and violence.
Hobbes is saying that in the state of nature, or trying to live life without government, no form of cooperation between individuals is possible and thus there will be no grocery stores, no computers, no smartphones, no art, and each individual will suffer a very quick and violent death.
The founders of our nation shared Hobbes’ fairly pessimistic outlook regarding human nature. James Madison famously wrote i.
150 word response for EACH post POST ONEThe general will is .docxvickeryr87
150 word response for EACH post
POST ONE
The general will is a phrase used by Jean-Jacques Rousseau in
The Social Contract
to refer to the wants of the people. All members of society decide together what they want in and from their ruler. By doing so, people in society are truly "free" (
The Social Contract
, chap. iv). The general will is an agreement to which citizens will forego some of their individual freedoms to a government and gain rights in return from the establishment of that sovereign. Rousseau stated that in order for the general will to be truly general it must come from all and apply to all (Bertram, 2012). And as Rousseau stated:
"Thus, from the very nature of the compact, every act of Sovereignty, i.e., every authentic act of the general will, binds or favours all the citizens equally; so that the Sovereign recognises only the body of the nation, and draws no distinctions between those of whom it is made up" (
The Social Contract
, Book I. Sect. 4).
The difference between Rousseau's "general will" and the meaning of "will of all" is about perspective: “There is often a great deal of difference between the will of all and the general will. The latter looks only to the common interest; the former considers private interest and is only a sum of private will" (
The Social Contract
, chap. iv). Rousseau is showing that the will of all is a culmination of what I want from government, what my neighbor wants from government, and what my other neighbor wants from government, and so on. The will of all is nothing more than
adding
all of our wants together, despite differences.
Rousseau is not concerned with a specific style of government and even concedes that it could be a monarchy, so long as the general will is followed through with by that sovereignty. In the selection of a sovereign or of the laws themselves, it is not that the process needs to be unanimous, but that all votes must be counted (
The Social Contract
, Book II. Sect. 2).
One aspect of Rousseau struck me and that was something that I have had conversations with students about when we have talked about the scope and size of government. I have asked students, and conversations ensued, about our nation being too large--has the U.S. grown to the point where it is unmanageable? And here in Rousseau's writing has he made a claim of that nature:
"In this proportion lies the
maximum
strength of a given number of people; for, if there is too much land, it is troublesome to guard and inadequately cultivated, produces more than is needed, and soon gives rise to wars of defence; if there is not enough, the State depends on its neighbours for what it needs over and above, and this soon gives rise to wars of offence." (
The Social Contract
, Book II. Sect. 10)
I suppose that he might be correct about this assertion. Although it is possible to have this type of social contract in which the general will is possible, it is probably better suited for smaller and less diverse .
Rousseau’s IdeasNikita WarrenSouthern New Hampshire UniversiMalikPinckney86
Rousseau’s Ideas
Nikita Warren
Southern New Hampshire University
March 26 2020
Rousseau’s Ideas
The necessity of freedom
Freedom is a problem of political philosophy
Freedom is needed for two reasons:
“Natural man is physically free because he is not constrained by a repressive state apparatus or dominated by his fellow men” (Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712–1778) , n.d)
“Natural man is psychologically and spiritually free because he is not enslaved to any of the artificial needs that characterize modern society” (Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712–1778) , n.d)
Modern society is different form the previous uncorrupted society where man lived favorably with the state of nature despite having the freedom and liberty to do what they wished
Rousseau was concerned with the nature of freedom. in his general argument, man was previously living in harmony with the nature because he had not become a slave to his own needs. As the needs of man evolved so did his means of interaction with nature and in this case, man used his freedom to do himself good and do good to others. However, the modern society is made up of men who have become slaves to their own needs. Man is therefore responsible for the present problems of exploitation, domination, self esteem issues and depression.
2
Rousseau’s Ideas
The social contract
Good government must prioritize the freedom of its citizens because it is the most fundamental objective
Government must affirm the freedom of its citizens with specific restrictions inherent to certain complex, modern and civil society
Provided law and property exist, man can never be absolutely free
With deployment of certain principles, governments can be able to accord its citizens some form of freedom that almost resembles the kind freedom that man enjoys in the state of nature
Rousseau invoked the concept of social contract. According to him, government must act in accordance with the freedom needs of the society. Apparently, while this sounds so appealing, it is impractical. This is the reason why the naturally inherent sense of freedom of man has to be regulated by use of laws. The argument that man is not born free but is made free by use of created institutions that seek to protect the rights of man is quite true. Rousseau admits from this fact that the government must make use of institutions to restrict human freedom by use of laws that are largely non-democratic forms of governance as not all people find them good.
3
Email and social media surveillance and freedom
Emails and social media have resulted from cooperation and division of labor developments in modern society,
Modernization makes the needs of men multiply and include many nonessential things, such as friends, entertainment, and luxury goods
While they are initially pleasurable and good, men eventually become slaves of this luxurious needs and they continue to pursue it
Unnaturalness causes moral inequalities
Surveillance reflects the governments intrusion into the ...
Rousseau’s IdeasNikita WarrenSouthern New Hampshire Universi.docxhealdkathaleen
Rousseau’s Ideas
Nikita Warren
Southern New Hampshire University
March 26 2020
Rousseau’s Ideas
The necessity of freedom
Freedom is a problem of political philosophy
Freedom is needed for two reasons:
“Natural man is physically free because he is not constrained by a repressive state apparatus or dominated by his fellow men” (Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712–1778) , n.d)
“Natural man is psychologically and spiritually free because he is not enslaved to any of the artificial needs that characterize modern society” (Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712–1778) , n.d)
Modern society is different form the previous uncorrupted society where man lived favorably with the state of nature despite having the freedom and liberty to do what they wished
Rousseau was concerned with the nature of freedom. in his general argument, man was previously living in harmony with the nature because he had not become a slave to his own needs. As the needs of man evolved so did his means of interaction with nature and in this case, man used his freedom to do himself good and do good to others. However, the modern society is made up of men who have become slaves to their own needs. Man is therefore responsible for the present problems of exploitation, domination, self esteem issues and depression.
2
Rousseau’s Ideas
The social contract
Good government must prioritize the freedom of its citizens because it is the most fundamental objective
Government must affirm the freedom of its citizens with specific restrictions inherent to certain complex, modern and civil society
Provided law and property exist, man can never be absolutely free
With deployment of certain principles, governments can be able to accord its citizens some form of freedom that almost resembles the kind freedom that man enjoys in the state of nature
Rousseau invoked the concept of social contract. According to him, government must act in accordance with the freedom needs of the society. Apparently, while this sounds so appealing, it is impractical. This is the reason why the naturally inherent sense of freedom of man has to be regulated by use of laws. The argument that man is not born free but is made free by use of created institutions that seek to protect the rights of man is quite true. Rousseau admits from this fact that the government must make use of institutions to restrict human freedom by use of laws that are largely non-democratic forms of governance as not all people find them good.
3
Email and social media surveillance and freedom
Emails and social media have resulted from cooperation and division of labor developments in modern society,
Modernization makes the needs of men multiply and include many nonessential things, such as friends, entertainment, and luxury goods
While they are initially pleasurable and good, men eventually become slaves of this luxurious needs and they continue to pursue it
Unnaturalness causes moral inequalities
Surveillance reflects the governments intrusion into the ...
Rousseau’s IdeasNikita WarrenSouthern New Hampshire Universi.docxdaniely50
Rousseau’s Ideas
Nikita Warren
Southern New Hampshire University
March 26 2020
Rousseau’s Ideas
The necessity of freedom
Freedom is a problem of political philosophy
Freedom is needed for two reasons:
“Natural man is physically free because he is not constrained by a repressive state apparatus or dominated by his fellow men” (Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712–1778) , n.d)
“Natural man is psychologically and spiritually free because he is not enslaved to any of the artificial needs that characterize modern society” (Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712–1778) , n.d)
Modern society is different form the previous uncorrupted society where man lived favorably with the state of nature despite having the freedom and liberty to do what they wished
Rousseau was concerned with the nature of freedom. in his general argument, man was previously living in harmony with the nature because he had not become a slave to his own needs. As the needs of man evolved so did his means of interaction with nature and in this case, man used his freedom to do himself good and do good to others. However, the modern society is made up of men who have become slaves to their own needs. Man is therefore responsible for the present problems of exploitation, domination, self esteem issues and depression.
2
Rousseau’s Ideas
The social contract
Good government must prioritize the freedom of its citizens because it is the most fundamental objective
Government must affirm the freedom of its citizens with specific restrictions inherent to certain complex, modern and civil society
Provided law and property exist, man can never be absolutely free
With deployment of certain principles, governments can be able to accord its citizens some form of freedom that almost resembles the kind freedom that man enjoys in the state of nature
Rousseau invoked the concept of social contract. According to him, government must act in accordance with the freedom needs of the society. Apparently, while this sounds so appealing, it is impractical. This is the reason why the naturally inherent sense of freedom of man has to be regulated by use of laws. The argument that man is not born free but is made free by use of created institutions that seek to protect the rights of man is quite true. Rousseau admits from this fact that the government must make use of institutions to restrict human freedom by use of laws that are largely non-democratic forms of governance as not all people find them good.
3
Email and social media surveillance and freedom
Emails and social media have resulted from cooperation and division of labor developments in modern society,
Modernization makes the needs of men multiply and include many nonessential things, such as friends, entertainment, and luxury goods
While they are initially pleasurable and good, men eventually become slaves of this luxurious needs and they continue to pursue it
Unnaturalness causes moral inequalities
Surveillance reflects the governments intrusion into the .
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
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In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
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Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
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Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
1. By Jamie Chase, Manuel Alonzo,
Mario Carrasco and Greg Bartley
2. In what ways is Rousseau diametrically opposed to
Hobbes?
How accurate is his statement that “Man was born
free, but everywhere is in chains? Were we really “born
free? Have we ever been “free”?
Is it accurate to describe “society” (a general term
indeed) as nothing but a system of oppression?
3. The first part of the topics addresses the different
stances of two great thinkers on the basis of their
published work. This is a quantifiable… a direct
comparison that can have (at least relatively) correct
answers. The second and third portions of the topic,
however are not as simple. These are subjects that are
at the center of a centuries-long debate. Even in out
relatively small group, the answers are not always the
same. So we strove in this presentation to offer a
continuation of this debate, including our humble
perspectives on the subject.
4. Hobbes and Rousseau both used the idea of the
“savage” man in a state of nature in an attempt to
analyze human nature.
Each tried to hypothetically separate man from the
influences of culture, religion, government and
society … imagining what life would be like without
externally imposed values.
The conclusions they made based on their flights of
fancy are very different, however.
5. Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Thomas Hobbes:
Man in a state of nature is Man in a state of nature is
essentially peaceful; selfish; sovereign keeps
society is the corrupting man from war of all
influence. against all.
6. Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Thomas Hobbes:
To unite populace under To prevent the state of war
the “General Will”. by enforcing law and order.
Government concerned Government protects the
with the best interests of people from themselves.
the citizens.
Sovereign only does what Sovereign has absolute
benefits the people. power, not subject to laws.
7. Rousseau and Hobbes took things to unnecessary
extremes. Humans are more complex than either of
them accounted for in their theories.
“The two most basic purposes of life are to live and to
reproduce, it should do everything it can to avoid
dying through a lack of resources.” (Tafflinger)
Instinct causes animals to fight and compete against
one another. They cannot consciously react in a less
savage way.
Humans also have such instincts.
8. Humans have Reason in addition to instinct, the
ability to think rationally.
Theoretically reason should be able to overcome
instincts, but that isn't always what happens.
Instinct and Reason do not always agree, and
sometimes greed and power get the better of us.
Hobbes and Rousseau were both right and both
wrong. Humans are never consistently one way or the
other but a mix of both.
9. Humans are a mix of both good and bad, instinct and
reason, avarice and empathy. The amount of each
varies from person to person and in the individual can
vary from moment to moment.
Societies are human creations. They are a reflection of
the people who create them and so are also mixed.
Society and government can either moderate our bad
behavior or encourage it. Which it does is dependent
on both the type of organization and the qualities of
the people from which it is made.
10. Good people do not need a state to tell them how to act
and the bad ones will do as they wish. So what is the point
of having a government?
Hobbes believed it was for the protection of those that are
good. People who want to do “bad” things may ignore the
laws, which is why a government must have the power and
strength to enforce them.
But how much power should they have? What form of
government is best?
Democracy, monarchy, socialism, communism … it’s a
matter of how much human rights you’re willing to give up.
11. There is no perfect, universal form of government.
Rousseau states in “Social Contract” that “all forms of
government do not suit all countries.”
Hobbes points out the weakness of democracies,
aristocracies AND monarchies in “Leviathan.”
The popular variant on a quote attributed to Abraham
Lincoln fits the theory of government;
"You can please all the people some of the time,
and some of the people all the time,
but you cannot please all the people all the time.”
12. “Dictatorship naturally arises out of democracy, and
the most aggravated form of tyranny and slavery out of
the most extreme liberty.” - Plato
“At his best, man is the noblest of all animals;
separated from law and justice he is the worst.” –
Aristotle
"It is dangerous to be right when the government is
wrong." – Voltaire
"Every decent man is ashamed of the government he
lives under." - H.L. Mencken
13. “Government can easily exist without laws, but law
cannot exist without government.” - Bertrand Russell
“Each person possesses an inviolability founded on
justice that even the welfare of society as a whole
cannot override. For this reason justice denies that the
loss of freedom for some is made right by a greater
good shared by others”. – John Rawls
"So what is government?... Very simply, it is an agency
of coercion. Of course, there are other agencies of
coercion … such as the Mafia. So to be more precise,
government is the agency of coercion that has flags in
front of its offices." - Harry Browne, Libertarian
14. "Both of our political parties, at least the honest portion of them,
agree conscientiously in the same object: the public good; but
they differ essentially in what they deem the means of promoting
that good. One side believes it best done by one composition of
the governing powers, the other by a different one. One fears
most the ignorance of the people; the other the selfishness of
rulers independent of them. Which is right, time and experience
will prove." - Thomas Jefferson
“If the average man had had his way there would probably never
have been any state. Even today he resents it, classes death with
taxes, and yearns for that government which governs least. If he
asks for many laws it is only because he is sure that his neighbor
needs them; privately he is an unphilosophical anarchist, and
thinks laws in his own case superfluous. In the simplest societies
there is hardly any government.” - Will Durant
15. "Any animal whatever, endowed with well-marked social
instincts, would inevitably acquire a moral sense or
conscience, as soon as its intellectual powers had become
as well developed . . . as in man." —Charles Darwin,
“Descent of Man”
“Although humans are animals, we also have something
that no other animal has: the most complex social
structure on Earth. […] The combination of biology and
society is what makes us what we are and do what we do.” -
Richard F. Taflinger
“We are all civilized people, which means that we are all
savages at heart but observing a few amenities of civilized
behavior.” - Tennessee Williams
16.
17. If we are going to determine whether man
is ever free, we must first understand …
What does free really mean?
18. Merriam-Webster defines the word, as it pertains to
the state of being for a person, as:
a : having the legal and political rights of a citizen
b : enjoying civil and political liberty
c : enjoying political independence
or freedom from outside domination
d : enjoying personal freedom:
not subject to the control or domination of another
19. We have a birth certificate issued by the government.
We are given a social security number and many other
governmental controls and laws are placed upon us,
such as being required to attend school, laws on
drinking, and smoking. Where I live there are
weekends, especially holiday weekends that, when
pulled over, if you are suspected of drinking and
driving you are required to give a blood sample. How is
that being free? – Gregory Bartley
20. Part of the definition is ‘not subject to the control or
domination of another’ and by that definition I would say
that man is never free. As children, we are dependent on
our parents to protect and provide, but this means we are
subject to their control, susceptible to their influence. As
parents, we are not free either because we are obligated to
care for our children. When you add in all of the things that
Rousseau tried to remove in hypothesizing about a state of
nature ... social conventions, religious dogma, government
... all inform the way we think and feel about the world we
live in, so even if they were removed from our lives they
would still be a part of us … from birth we are the property
of our society. – Jamie Chase
21. I don't think we were ever born free. We have the
natural instinct to survive as a species and take care of
our own. In order to be able to survive, we need order
in society. – Manuel Alonzo
22. I think that Rousseau meant that we are born free, not
slaves or servants. We are born with a right to choose
who we are, what we become, where we go and with
who we go with. We are born free to make such
choices. However, we remain chained and not totally
free because we can only be that person that is
accepted, we can only go where we are allowed to go,
we can only choose those friends that choose to be
with us. So at the end we remain chained to the
society and constraints that we as human created. We
have set our own limits and now we must live by and
within them. – Mario Carrasco
23. “Our thoughts are free.” - Cicero
“Freedom is a possession of inestimable value.” – Cicero
“No man is free who depends on his government for his
sustenance, job, home, or hope.” - John Perkins
"Most people are other people. Their thoughts are someone
else's opinions, their lives a mimicry, their passions a
quotation." - Oscar Wilde
“If you want to love you must serve, if you want freedom
you must die.” - Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
“When liberty is mentioned, we must always be careful to
observe whether it is not really the assertion of private
interests which is thereby designated.” - Georg Wilhelm
Friedrich Hegel
24.
25. 1 : companionship or association with one's fellows : friendly
or intimate intercourse
2 : a voluntary association of individuals for common ends;
especially an organized group working together or periodically
meeting because of common interests, beliefs, or profession
3 a: an enduring and cooperating social group whose
members have developed organized patterns of relationships
through interaction with one another
b : a community, nation, or broad grouping of people
having common traditions, institutions, and collective activities
and interests
4 a: a part of a community that is a unit distinguishable by
particular aims or standards of living or conduct : a social circle
or a group of social circles having a clearly marked identity
b : a part of the community that sets itself apart as a leisure
class and that regards itself as the arbiter of fashion and manners
26. 1 a : unjust or cruel exercise of authority or power
b : something that oppresses especially in being
an unjust or excessive exercise of power
2 : a sense of being weighed down in body or mind
27. When looking at society as American society, with
government and laws, that it is oppressive. However
most people are willing to give up some of their rights
as a means of protection . – Greg Bartley
28. I feel that no matter what kind of government you
have, there will always be someone dictating your
mannerisms/life. Don’t do this, don’t do that. It’s never
going to end. Society is will always be oppressive in
that way ... but if that is the norm, can we really call it
oppression? – Manuel Alonzo
29. Society is a system of oppression in some ways but I
think it an over exaggeration to say that it is "nothing
more than" that. People are social by nature, we want
to be loved, accepted, to belong ... so we create
divisions between us so that we have a place to call our
own, we set standards for ourselves in order to meet
our personal needs then judge others who do not
conform. But like children who are dependent on
parents, we need the support of our created societies. –
Jamie Chase
30. I really think that society is nothing but a system of
oppression. Although it is through the formations of
societies that we can say that human kind has advance
it is also through the formation that it has been
oppressed. I would have to agree with Hobbes when
he say that a society is nothing more that the powerful
convincing those of less power to unite for the greater
good, when in reality it is to assist those in power to
remain in power. – Mario Carrasco
31. “Biology guides our responses to stimuli, based on
thousands of generations of ancestors surviving
because of their responses. Our social structures
dictate restrictions on and alterations in how we carry
out our biological responses.
Neither biology nor society stands without the other.
For some people, this is a contradiction -- either nature
(biology) controls people, or nurture (society) does.
But in fact we filter everything through both to
determine how we react to stimuli.” - Richard F.
Taflinger
32. “Society is not really made to be a purely competitive
operation. […] There is dominance, hierarchy. They
sometimes fight. They sometimes even kill each other. But
they stick together because they survive together much
better than alone.” - Frans De Waal
“Society is inside of man and man is inside society, and you
cannot even create a truthfully drawn psychological entity
on the stage until you understand his social relations and
their power to make him what he is and to prevent him
from being what he is not. The fish is in the water and the
water is in the fish.” – Arthur Miller
“The most unpardonable sin in society is independence of
thought.” – Emma Goldman
33. “Man seeketh in society comfort, use, and protection.” –
Francis Bacon
“Hitherto, every form of society has been based ... on the
antagonism of oppressing and oppressed classes.” – Karl
Marx
“Just as there is no society or group that is not a collective
view of persons, so there is no individual who may not be
regarded as a particular view of social groups. He has no
separate existence; through both the hereditary and the
social factors in his life a man is bound into the whole of
which he is a member, and to consider him apart from it is
quite as artificial as to consider society apart from
individuals.” – Charles Horton Cooley
34. “The citizen's life is made possible only by due performance
of his function in the place he fills; and he cannot wholly
free himself from the beliefs and sentiments generated by
the vital connections hence arising between himself and
his society.... To cut himself off in thought from all his
relationships of race, and country, and citizenship -- to get
rid of all those interests, prejudices, likings, superstitions,
generated in him by the life of his own society and his own
time -- to look on all the changes societies have undergone
and are undergoing, without reference to nationality, or
creed, or personal welfare; is what the average man cannot
do at all, and what the exceptional man can do very
imperfectly.” – Herbert Spencer