The paper is at http://www.gnuband.org/papers/social_networks_of_wikipedia/
Wikipedia, the free online encyclopedia anyone can edit, is a live social experiment: millions of individuals volunteer their knowledge and time to collective create it. It is hence interesting trying to understand how they do it. While most of the attention concentrated on article pages, a less known share of activities happen on user talk pages, Wikipedia pages where a message can be left for the specific user. This public conversations can be studied from a Social Network Analysis perspective in order to highlight the structure of the “talk” network. In this paper we focus on this preliminary extraction step by proposing different algorithms. We then empirically validate the differences in the networks they generate on the Venetian Wikipedia with the real network of conversations extracted manually by coding every message left on all user talk pages. The comparisons show that both the algorithms and the manual process contain inaccuracies that are intrinsic in the freedom and unpredictability of Wikipedia growth. Nevertheless, a precise description of the involved issues allows to make informed decisions and to base empirical findings on reproducible evidence. Our goal is to lay the foundation for a solid computational sociology of wikis. For this reason we release the scripts encoding our algorithms as open source and also some datasets extracted out of Wikipedia conversations, in order to let other researchers replicate and improve our initial effort.
Scripts (Python) has been released as open source and networks datasets (in GraphML format) too. See http://sonetlab.fbk.eu/data/social_networks_of_wikipedia/
The document is a presentation about HTML 5 and discusses several key points:
- HTML 5 introduces new semantic elements like <header>, <nav>, <article>, and <footer> that provide more meaning than generic <div> tags.
- HTML 5 offers new form input types, audio/video elements, and JavaScript APIs that allow for richer user experiences and interactions compared to previous versions of HTML.
- While HTML 5 is still a work in progress, many of the new features are already supported in modern browsers, and fallback techniques exist to provide support for older browsers. The presentation encourages developers to start using HTML 5 now where feasible.
Manypedia: Comparing Language Points of View of Wikipedia CommunitiesPaolo Massa
Manypedia is at http://www.manypedia.com
These slides have been presented by Paolo Massa at WikiSym, 8th International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration, 29 August 2013, Linz, Austria.
Manypedia is joint work of Paolo Massa and Federico Scrinzi (and it is open source too!)
The paper is at http://www.gnuband.org/papers/manypedia-comparing-language-points-of-view-of-wikipedia-communities/
If you like Manypedia and you have a chance, don't forget to cite our paper, thanks!
Collective Memory building in Wikipedia: the case of North African uprisingsPaolo Massa
Paper presented at Wikisym 2011, 7th International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration
Read the paper at http://www.gnuband.org/papers/collective_memory_building_in_wikipedia_the_case_of_north_african_uprisings/
Authors: Michela Ferron, Paolo Massa
Abstract:
Since December 2010, a series of protests and uprisings have shocked North African countries such as Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Syria, Yemen and more. In this paper, focusing mainly on the Egyptian revolution, we provide evidence of the intense edit activity occurred during these uprisings on the related Wikipedia
pages. Thousands of people provided their contribution on the content pages and discussed improvements and disagreements on the associated talk pages as the traumatic events unfolded. We
propose to interpret this phenomenon as a process of collective memory building and argue how on Wikipedia this can be studied empirically and quantitatively in real time. We explore and suggest possible directions for future research on collective memory formation of traumatic and controversial events in Wikipedia.
MediaWiki is a free and open-source wiki application commonly used to author technical documents. It allows for easy collaboration and editing of content directly from a web browser. Key features include wiki markup that does not require HTML knowledge, easy creation of new pages and links, support for images, tables, categories and other structures to organize content.
This document provides a tutorial on how to contribute to Wikipedia. It covers topics such as editing articles, formatting text, adding links, citing sources, using talk pages, and registration. The tutorial is intended to teach basic skills to new Wikipedia editors through explanations and examples. It recommends starting in a practice "sandbox" page and provides links to additional resources for more detailed information on specific topics.
This document summarizes a Wikipedia editing workshop given at the SpotOn 2013 conference. The workshop provided an introduction to editing Wikipedia, including how to create a user account and profile page, identify pages to improve, and create stub articles. Attendees were encouraged to edit Wikipedia pages during the session. The facilitators explained basic Wikipedia syntax for formatting text and inserting links. They also discussed strategies for creating new articles and key principles like relying on published sources and maintaining a neutral point of view. An overview was given of the Wikimedia Foundation and various Wikipedia and Wikimedia projects.
The document discusses open knowledge management and Wikipedia. It summarizes Wikipedia's history from its launch in 2001 with open editing allowing anyone to contribute. It describes how Wikipedia grew internationally and introduced features like discussion pages, history pages, and software upgrades. It outlines the open editing model, five pillars, consensus approach, and community governance of Wikipedia.
The document is a presentation about HTML 5 and discusses several key points:
- HTML 5 introduces new semantic elements like <header>, <nav>, <article>, and <footer> that provide more meaning than generic <div> tags.
- HTML 5 offers new form input types, audio/video elements, and JavaScript APIs that allow for richer user experiences and interactions compared to previous versions of HTML.
- While HTML 5 is still a work in progress, many of the new features are already supported in modern browsers, and fallback techniques exist to provide support for older browsers. The presentation encourages developers to start using HTML 5 now where feasible.
Manypedia: Comparing Language Points of View of Wikipedia CommunitiesPaolo Massa
Manypedia is at http://www.manypedia.com
These slides have been presented by Paolo Massa at WikiSym, 8th International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration, 29 August 2013, Linz, Austria.
Manypedia is joint work of Paolo Massa and Federico Scrinzi (and it is open source too!)
The paper is at http://www.gnuband.org/papers/manypedia-comparing-language-points-of-view-of-wikipedia-communities/
If you like Manypedia and you have a chance, don't forget to cite our paper, thanks!
Collective Memory building in Wikipedia: the case of North African uprisingsPaolo Massa
Paper presented at Wikisym 2011, 7th International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration
Read the paper at http://www.gnuband.org/papers/collective_memory_building_in_wikipedia_the_case_of_north_african_uprisings/
Authors: Michela Ferron, Paolo Massa
Abstract:
Since December 2010, a series of protests and uprisings have shocked North African countries such as Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Syria, Yemen and more. In this paper, focusing mainly on the Egyptian revolution, we provide evidence of the intense edit activity occurred during these uprisings on the related Wikipedia
pages. Thousands of people provided their contribution on the content pages and discussed improvements and disagreements on the associated talk pages as the traumatic events unfolded. We
propose to interpret this phenomenon as a process of collective memory building and argue how on Wikipedia this can be studied empirically and quantitatively in real time. We explore and suggest possible directions for future research on collective memory formation of traumatic and controversial events in Wikipedia.
MediaWiki is a free and open-source wiki application commonly used to author technical documents. It allows for easy collaboration and editing of content directly from a web browser. Key features include wiki markup that does not require HTML knowledge, easy creation of new pages and links, support for images, tables, categories and other structures to organize content.
This document provides a tutorial on how to contribute to Wikipedia. It covers topics such as editing articles, formatting text, adding links, citing sources, using talk pages, and registration. The tutorial is intended to teach basic skills to new Wikipedia editors through explanations and examples. It recommends starting in a practice "sandbox" page and provides links to additional resources for more detailed information on specific topics.
This document summarizes a Wikipedia editing workshop given at the SpotOn 2013 conference. The workshop provided an introduction to editing Wikipedia, including how to create a user account and profile page, identify pages to improve, and create stub articles. Attendees were encouraged to edit Wikipedia pages during the session. The facilitators explained basic Wikipedia syntax for formatting text and inserting links. They also discussed strategies for creating new articles and key principles like relying on published sources and maintaining a neutral point of view. An overview was given of the Wikimedia Foundation and various Wikipedia and Wikimedia projects.
The document discusses open knowledge management and Wikipedia. It summarizes Wikipedia's history from its launch in 2001 with open editing allowing anyone to contribute. It describes how Wikipedia grew internationally and introduced features like discussion pages, history pages, and software upgrades. It outlines the open editing model, five pillars, consensus approach, and community governance of Wikipedia.
The document defines what a wiki is, lists some wiki software options, and provides guidance on selecting and using wikis for general purposes and libraries. It also outlines how to create a Wikipedia account and add/edit articles.
This document summarizes a webinar about using wikis for collaboration. The webinar covered what wikis are, how they are being used by organizations, different wiki tools available, and tips for creating and maintaining a wiki. Speakers from various organizations shared their experiences using wikis and which tools they found most useful. Questions from participants were answered at the end and resources for learning more about wikis were provided.
A wiki is a website that allows users to easily create and edit its content using a standard web browser without any special software. Wikis facilitate collaboration by allowing many users to add and edit content. They are useful for sharing information, centralizing knowledge, and encouraging participation from remote users. Choosing a wiki depends on factors like the desired level of customization, security needs, and technical expertise of users.
A wiki is a collection of web pages that allows users to collaboratively add, edit, and modify content easily without requiring HTML knowledge or specialized software. Wikis enable many people to work together on pages simultaneously, with past edits recorded but not separate versions kept. They are well-suited for collaborative work that remains open and evolving. In contrast, blogs are owned by a single author and allow others only to comment rather than edit the content directly. Examples of wikis include Wikipedia, library staff documentation wikis, and subject guide wikis for library users.
A wiki is a website that allows for collaboration and sharing of files like text, images, videos and presentations. Wikis allow multiple users to work together simultaneously. They can be public, private, or protected. Wikis are used to share files, communicate for group projects, and conduct surveys. To start a wiki, you need a computer, internet access, a web browser, and an email account. Popular wiki hosting sites include Wikispaces and PbWiki. The document provides examples of how wikis are used for class projects and communication at the secondary school level.
A wiki is a website that allows for collaboration and sharing of files like text, images, videos and presentations. Wikis allow multiple users to edit content simultaneously. They can be set as public, protected, or private. Wikis are useful for sharing files, communication for group projects, and conducting surveys. To start using a wiki, you need a computer, internet access, a web browser, and an email account. Popular wiki hosting sites include Wikispaces and PbWiki.
A wiki is a website that allows for collaboration and sharing of files like text, images, videos and presentations. Wikis allow multiple users to work together simultaneously. They can be public, private, or protected. Wikis are used to share files, communicate for group projects, and conduct surveys. To start a wiki, you need a computer, internet access, a web browser, and an email account. Popular wiki hosting sites include Wikispaces and PbWiki. The document provides examples of how wikis are used for class projects and communication at the secondary school level.
A wiki is a website that allows for collaboration and sharing of files like text, images, videos and presentations. Wikis allow multiple users to work together simultaneously. They can be public, private, or protected. Wikis are used to share files, communicate for group projects, and conduct surveys. To start a wiki, you need a computer, internet access, a web browser, and an email account. Popular wiki hosting sites include Wikispaces and PbWiki. The document provides examples of how wikis are used for class projects and communication at the secondary school level.
The document discusses blogs, wikis, and RSS feeds. It defines blogs as online journals where users can post commentary and links. Wikis allow for collaborative editing of content on a website. RSS feeds allow users to subscribe to updated content from blogs and websites in an aggregator without visiting each site directly. The document provides examples and tips for creating and using blogs, wikis, and RSS feeds, particularly in a library setting.
This document provides information about creating and editing wiki documents on a specific wiki site. It includes instructions for creating an account, formatting text, adding images and tables, and linking to other wiki pages. Sections in a wiki page can be created using two equal signs to generate a table of contents. Various markup tags are used to change text formatting, add lists, galleries and other elements to a wiki page.
Wikipedia is the 8th most visited website globally. It is a free, openly editable encyclopedia written collaboratively by volunteers around the world. With over 2 million articles in English and over 250 languages, Wikipedia has grown exponentially since its creation in 2001. It relies on volunteer contributions and uses the MediaWiki software to allow easy editing and collaboration between contributors.
This document discusses how businesses can implement and use wikis. It explains that a wiki is a website that allows easy collaborative editing. Wikis can be used by businesses to reduce email usage, act as a shared repository for information, and aid in knowledge management and training. The document provides an overview of wiki features and considerations for choosing a hosted or installed wiki solution. It also outlines appropriate and inappropriate uses of wikis for businesses.
Main presentation on using wikis in education. See my other presentations for the intro and teaser.
http://rachelboyd.blogspot.com
http://rachelboyd.wikispaces.com
The document discusses ideas for distributed wikis based on Git-style version control technologies. It notes that wikis are more focused on prose than code, so diffs and merging would need to work at the word level rather than line level. It proposes that wikis could have multiple approved versions of articles rather than a single canonical version. Community and technical challenges of forking large collaborative projects like Wikipedia are discussed, such as maintaining critical mass to prevent vandalism. The document suggests using pending changes and wiki projects to help make forking wikis more practical.
Art of GLAM-wiki:The Basics of Sharing Cultural Knowledge on WikipediaSara Snyder
A hands-on workshop instructing library, archives, and museum professionals on how they can contribute to Wikipedia. Presented at ARLIS 2013 on April 26, 2013.
Session Agenda: Open Learning FrameworksMike Bogle
This is a rough agenda for a session I'm facilitating tomorrow at the Technology in Learning & Teaching Unconference being hosted by Macquarie University and the Islands of Jokaydia in Secondlife.
Details of the unconference: http://mquncon09.pbworks.com/
The document discusses various gamification features that could be used for the FitCity project, including badges, points, levels, progress bars, tutorials, and leaderboards. It provides examples of each feature and references related research. While gamification aims to increase engagement, the document notes that all gamification features provide extrinsic rather than intrinsic rewards, and warns of both benefits and risks to different features.
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The document defines what a wiki is, lists some wiki software options, and provides guidance on selecting and using wikis for general purposes and libraries. It also outlines how to create a Wikipedia account and add/edit articles.
This document summarizes a webinar about using wikis for collaboration. The webinar covered what wikis are, how they are being used by organizations, different wiki tools available, and tips for creating and maintaining a wiki. Speakers from various organizations shared their experiences using wikis and which tools they found most useful. Questions from participants were answered at the end and resources for learning more about wikis were provided.
A wiki is a website that allows users to easily create and edit its content using a standard web browser without any special software. Wikis facilitate collaboration by allowing many users to add and edit content. They are useful for sharing information, centralizing knowledge, and encouraging participation from remote users. Choosing a wiki depends on factors like the desired level of customization, security needs, and technical expertise of users.
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A wiki is a website that allows for collaboration and sharing of files like text, images, videos and presentations. Wikis allow multiple users to work together simultaneously. They can be public, private, or protected. Wikis are used to share files, communicate for group projects, and conduct surveys. To start a wiki, you need a computer, internet access, a web browser, and an email account. Popular wiki hosting sites include Wikispaces and PbWiki. The document provides examples of how wikis are used for class projects and communication at the secondary school level.
A wiki is a website that allows for collaboration and sharing of files like text, images, videos and presentations. Wikis allow multiple users to edit content simultaneously. They can be set as public, protected, or private. Wikis are useful for sharing files, communication for group projects, and conducting surveys. To start using a wiki, you need a computer, internet access, a web browser, and an email account. Popular wiki hosting sites include Wikispaces and PbWiki.
A wiki is a website that allows for collaboration and sharing of files like text, images, videos and presentations. Wikis allow multiple users to work together simultaneously. They can be public, private, or protected. Wikis are used to share files, communicate for group projects, and conduct surveys. To start a wiki, you need a computer, internet access, a web browser, and an email account. Popular wiki hosting sites include Wikispaces and PbWiki. The document provides examples of how wikis are used for class projects and communication at the secondary school level.
A wiki is a website that allows for collaboration and sharing of files like text, images, videos and presentations. Wikis allow multiple users to work together simultaneously. They can be public, private, or protected. Wikis are used to share files, communicate for group projects, and conduct surveys. To start a wiki, you need a computer, internet access, a web browser, and an email account. Popular wiki hosting sites include Wikispaces and PbWiki. The document provides examples of how wikis are used for class projects and communication at the secondary school level.
The document discusses blogs, wikis, and RSS feeds. It defines blogs as online journals where users can post commentary and links. Wikis allow for collaborative editing of content on a website. RSS feeds allow users to subscribe to updated content from blogs and websites in an aggregator without visiting each site directly. The document provides examples and tips for creating and using blogs, wikis, and RSS feeds, particularly in a library setting.
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This document discusses how businesses can implement and use wikis. It explains that a wiki is a website that allows easy collaborative editing. Wikis can be used by businesses to reduce email usage, act as a shared repository for information, and aid in knowledge management and training. The document provides an overview of wiki features and considerations for choosing a hosted or installed wiki solution. It also outlines appropriate and inappropriate uses of wikis for businesses.
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http://rachelboyd.blogspot.com
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Social networks of Wikipedia - Paolo Massa - Presentation at (2011). ACM Hypertext 2011: 22nd ACM Conference on Hypertext and Hypermedia
1. Social Networks of Wikipedia
Paolo Massa
SoNet @ Bruno Kessler Foundation, Trento, Italy
http://www.gnuband.org
2. Contributions
Methodological paper on
Algorithms for extracting a network of
Who talks to whom on Wikipedia
+
Validation of quality by manual coding
Code is open source and reusable
=
Basic step for Social Network Analysis
3. Outline
● Statistics on Wikipedia/wiki
● Algorithms for Extracting a
Social Network
● Manual Validation of Algorithms
4. English Wikipedia
Started in 2001
3.500.000+ articles
440.000.000+ edits
14.000.000+ registered users
3.500.000+ at-least-1-edit users
10. How to extract a network of
who talk to whom from User
talk pages?
11. User talk page http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Phauly
0.6
12. User talk page http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Phauly
0.6
13. User talk page http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Phauly
1
Shell Phauly
0.6
14. User talk page http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Phauly
1
Shell Phauly
0.6
15. User talk page http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User_talk:Phauly
1
Shell Phauly
1
Martin
16.
17. Broader scope
We (SoNet) work on
● How UTPs are used (coordination)
● Characterize users of Wikipedia (based
on gender, interests, religion, ...)
● Formation of Collective memories of
events in Wikipedia
● Goal: understand/model what users do
in Wikipedia → Wikisociology
18. We're hiring! ;)
Call for researcher at
https://risorseumane.fbk.eu/it/node/234
Info about SoNet group
at http://sonet.fbk.eu
If interested, come to talk
to me!
19. Other Wikipedia networks
● Few papers on User talk pages
● Node=User
● Edge=Coediting x articles
● Edge=Editing article after user A
● Edge=Reverted edit of user A
● Edge=Vote in elections for admins
● Node=Page / Edge=Link
● Node=Category / Edge=Inclusion
20. How to extract who talks to
whom?
3 ways:
(1) Signatures (automated)
(2) History of edits (automated)
(3) Manual coding
21. Input: Wikipedia dumps
XML dump of every edit occured to every
page in time (10 years!)
English Wikipedia dump =
5,600 Gigabytes!
(our scripts work on every wiki: 280+
language Wikipedia, but also 50.000+
wikia.com wikis ...)
22. How to extract who talks to
whom?
3 ways:
(1) Signatures in text (automated)
(2) History of edits (automated)
(3) Manual coding
25. (1) Signature algorithm
<page> pagesmetacurrent XML
<title>User talk:Phauly</title>
<revision>
<text xml:space="preserve">
== '''Welcome!''' ==
Hello, {{BASEPAGENAME}}, and [[Wikipedia:Welcome, newcomers|welcome]] t
your contributions. I hope you like the place and decide to stay. Here
might find helpful:
*[[Wikipedia:Five pillars|The five pillars of Wikipedia]]
*[[Wikipedia:How to edit a page|How to edit a page]]
*[[Help:Contents|Help pages]]
*[[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
*[[Wikipedia:Article development|How to write a great article]]
*[[Wikipedia:Manual of Style|Manual of Style]]
I hope you enjoy editing here and being a [[Wikipedia:Wikipedians|Wikip
[[Wikipedia:Sign your posts on talk pages|sign your name]] on talk page
(<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); this will automatically produce your name and
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check out [[Wikipedia:Questions]], ask me on my talk page, or place
<code><nowiki>{{helpme}}</nowiki></code> on your talk page and someone
answer your questions. Again, welcome! . [[User:Shell_Kinney|Shell
<sup>[[User_talk:Shell_Kinney|babelfish]]</sup> 15:29, 7 November 2006
== "Wikipedia endnote assisstant" ==
Hi, sorry to take so long to reply to your message. It's convention at
messages at the bottom of the page, and as I was moving country at the
see your message until now! Have you tried the updated URL,
http://toolserver.org/~verisimilus/Scholar ? Let me know if you continu
Glad you find the tool useful! Best wishes,
[[User:Smith609|Martin]] '''<small>([[User:Smith609|S
[[User_talk:Smith609|Talk]])</small>''' 01:19, 7 October 2008
== Test anonymous edit ==
Just a test done by myself on signature formatting. [[Special:Contrib
217.77.80.29]] ([[User talk:217.77.80.29|talk]]) 12:08, 8 February 2010
</text>
</revision>
</page>
26. (1) Signature algorithm
<page>
● Consider pages with title <title>User talk:Phauly</title>
<revision>
User talk:T (or equivalent <text xml:space="preserve">
== '''Welcome!''' ==
in other languages) Hello, {{BASEPAGENAME}}, and [[Wikipedia:W
your contributions. I hope you like the pl
might find helpful:
● Search for signatures of *[[Wikipedia:Five pillars|The five pillars
*[[Wikipedia:How to edit a page|How to edi
user S in text *[[Help:Contents|Help pages]]
*[[Wikipedia:Tutorial|Tutorial]]
*[[Wikipedia:Article development|How to wr
● Consider them as *[[Wikipedia:Manual of Style|Manual of Sty
I hope you enjoy editing here and being a
message from S to T [[Wikipedia:Sign your posts on talk pages|
0.6
(<nowiki>~~~~</nowiki>); this will automat
check out [[Wikipedia:Questions]], ask me
<code><nowiki>{{helpme}}</nowiki></code> o
answer your questions. Again, welcome!&nbs
Signature of XXX if [[User:XXX| <sup>[[User_talk:Shell_Kinney|babelfish]]<
== "Wikipedia endnote assisstant" ==
Signature of 217.77.80.29 if Hi, sorry to take so long to reply to your
messages at the bottom of the page, and as
[[Special:Contributions/217.77.80.29| see your message until now! Have you tried
http://toolserver.org/~verisimilus/Scholar
Glad you find the tool useful! Best wishes
[[User:Smith609|Martin]] '''<
Robust on spaces, HTML [[User_talk:Smith609|Talk]])</smal
== Test anonymous edit ==
tags, non balanced Just a test done by myself on signature fo
217.77.80.29]] ([[User talk:217.77.80.29|t
parentheses, ...
</text>
</revision>
</page>
30. (2) History algorithm
<page> stubmetahistory X
<title>User talk:Phauly</title>
● Consider pages with <revision>
<timestamp>20061107T15:29:48Z</
title User talk:T (or <contributor>
equivalent in other <username>Shell Kinney</username
</contributor>
languages) </revision>
<revision>
● Consider revision by <timestamp>20081007T01:19:54Z</
<contributor>
user S as a message <username>Smith609</username>
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</contributor>
from S to T </revision>
<revision>
<timestamp>20100208T12:08:19Z</
<contributor>
<ip>217.77.80.29</ip>
</contributor>
</revision>
</page>
31. They produce different
networks
But
Which is more correct?
Which is more meaningful?
(1) Signatures in text (automated)
(2) History of edits (automated)
32. (3) Manual coding
Validation on Venetian Wikipedia by
manually visiting every user talk page
and manually extracting every
“message“
#users (active in writing or receiving) = 918
(out of 6255 registered users)
#messages = 1786
(paper about “content of messages“ on
UTPs: most are coordination)
34. Goal of Manual Coding
Manual coding = opportunity to notice
patterns and regularities just as
exceptions to them.
Goal: providing empirical evidence of the
reliability of the extraction algorithms.
35. Which is correct? Best?
(1) Signatures in text (automated)
(2) History of edits (automated)
(3) Manual coding
NONE is correct. Not even Manual coding.
They are different.
Most important issues and strategies to
cope with them are in next slides.
(comparison on data at December 30, 2009)
36. (A) Number of nodes
(3) Manual coding 918
(1) Signatures 906
(2) History 981
Why? See next slides
37. (B) Renamed users
Small issue but relevant impact
Venetian Wikipedia = 15 renamings
English Wikipedia = 17,096 renamings
38. (B) Renamed users
Vec.wiki: “Maximillion Pegasus” user wrote msgs on User talk pages
Then a person requested username “Maximillion Pegasus” and got it.
Bureaucrats renamed “Maximillion Pegasus” into
“Usurped12032009”.
UTP of “Usurped12032009” contains messages received when he
was “Maximillion Pegasus”.
The new “Maximillion Pegasus” never received msg
Existing signatures not affected by rename.
So
Usurped12032009 has high indegree and 0 outdegree
“Maximillion Pegasus” has 0 indegree and high outdegree.
Got time to find this user, understand the issue, figure out it was not
a bug in our code!
Signature makes error in this case! Manual coding too!
History works because XML file contains the username of the „real“
user such as Usurped12032009
39. (B) Renamed users
This issue is NOT marginal.
17,000+ renamings in the English
Wikipedia
and usually involving very active and
peculiar users!
This issue affects the most basic element
of social networks, number of nodes!
40. (C) Number of edges
#pairs of users (unweighted) among
which at least 1 msgs was written
(3) Manual coding 1073
(1) Signatures 1087
(2) History 1869
Why? See next slides
41. (D) Information messages and
redirects
“I don't check this vec.wiki often, please write
to User:X on en.wiki [Signature of User:X]“ →
usex X in en.wiki might be different from user X
in vec.wiki: only users in one wiki are
considered
(bot)“This is a bot, please write User:X“
Information messages 60/1786
Redirects 27/1786
Manual coding = OK
Signature = ~KO
History = ~OK (but … A edits UTP of A...)
42. (E) Messages to oneself
A writes on UTP of A
56/1786 messages were self-edges
Wikipedia recommendation: A replies
to B on UTP of B
Small evidence but it seems to
happen: self-edges are rare and
mainly information messages
43. (F) Non human users writing
messages
Each bot has its own “logic“. 1 example:
Marco27bot is a welcome bot
44. Many messages are templates!
Welcome templates {{benvegnu}}
Out of 1786 msgs, 774 (43.33%) are welcome templates.
In vec.wiki, Written by a bot Marco27Bot, but signed with usernames of volunteers
Manual coding and Signature algo: find signers (appearance)
History finds bot (reality)
Suggestion: don't consider bots because of their automated nature
45. (G) Anonymous users, vandalism
and deleted messages
Anon users (IP address) have UTPs
They received 33 message from bots about
possible vandalism
Many of their edits got deleted
Coding and Signature don't find deleted edits
History finds them
Suggestion: remove anonymous users (IP
addresses don't map 1to1 to person anyway)
46. (H) Many edits per message
I edit the UTP of X,
I discover a typo,
I re-edit the UTP of X
These are not 2 messages but history
algorithm detects 2 edits.
Possible heuristics: collapse edits
occurring during short time
47. (I) Personalized, missing or
incorrectly formatted signatures
Large variety in personalized signatures
Hard to detect reliably all signatures,
especially for very active users! And in
each language Wikipedia, different
practices.
Most active vec.wiki user used a template
for signature! {{Utente:Nick1915/firma}}
Biggest drawback of signature algorithm
48. (I) Personalized, missing or
incorrectly formatted signatures
Users forget to sign (not automatic).
A bot (Sinebot in EnWiki and Marco27Bot
in VecWiki) edits the page and add
signature. → It seems the bot “talks“ a
lot.
Some users make errors in the syntax for
signing
Signature = KO
History = OK (forgot to sign is not a
problem, but discard bots)
49. (J) Date of message
Messages are (often) dated → possible
longitudinal analysis!
Signature algo = KO: must detect syntax
of date, different over time (in vec.wiki)
and different in each language wikipedia
History algo = OK: has the info formally
coded in XML dump
<timestamp>20061107T15:29:48Z</timestamp>
50. (K) Archived messages
When UTPs become long, they get archived (by
a bot).
Current content is copied to a newly created
page such as User_talk:Phauly/Archive3
But NOT all subpages of UTP are archives!
Coding and Signature = KO: decide to look for
signatures in subpages based on heuristics on
page title (what is this in Chinese Wikipedia)?
History = OK: edits are done to “main“ UTP
Issue very relevant for “active“ users!
51. Our scripts are open source!
You can run it and extract networks (in order to
analyzed them). Python code at
https://github.com/phauly/wiki-network
Networks already available as extracted by 2
algorithms for German, Spanish, Italian,
Chinese and Venetian Wikipedia
http://sonetlab.fbk.eu/data/social_networks_of_wikipedia/
GraphML format: play with them using Gephi!
(http://www.gephi.org)
Social Network Analysis of who talks to whom on
Wikipedia is possible without caring about all these
details of extraction!
52. Size=Indegree
(#received msgs)
Color=Role
2005-2010 Cumulative
Weighted
Directed
Social network
(who talks to whom)
Nodes=Users (918)
(out of 6255 registered users)
Edges=#Messages
53. Nodes=Users (918)
Most users just
received messages
(receivers, passive)
Only 196 users wrote
At least one msg!
(senders, active)
54. Discussion
No algo is “correct“, not even manual
coding!
Bots and anonymous users should be
removed and analyzed ad hoc
Interested in
(1) the network users see (with its
variability in signatures and formats)
Signature algorithm ok but works only on one
language Wikipedia and needs tweaking
(2) the network of what really happened
History algorithm more robust, also across
wikis (cross-wiki comparison) and with
dates (longitudinal analysis).
55. Conclusions
Small change in algorithm/assumption =
big change in “what you extract“ and
hence in “what you find“!!
Proposed 2 algorithms
Empirical Validation by manual coding
1) Bots and anonymous to be excluded
and treated separately and adhoc
2) History algorithm = more robust
Opensource scripts: First step towards
sociology of wikis
56. Credits
I would like to thanks
Davide Setti
Marco Frassoni
For writing the code and for manual
coding
Don't forget
Call for Postdoc at SoNet
https://risorseumane.fbk.eu/it/node/234