Social institutions are configurations of shared behavior patterns that satisfy basic group needs. They include social roles and social relations. Key characteristics of institutions are that they are purposive, relatively permanent, structured, and value-laden. Major institutions involve widespread participation and are essential to society, while subsidiary institutions operate within major institutions. Economic institutions organize a society's production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. Political institutions create and enforce laws, make policy, and represent citizens by distributing power and authority to manage society. They include branches of government and functions like regulating relationships, providing welfare, and resolving conflicts.

1. What is Social Institution
 Is a configuration or combination of behavior patterns shared by a plurality and
focused upon satisfaction of some basic group needs

2. 2 Elements of Social Institution
Social Roles
• A social role defines
a set of behaviors
that are expected of
someone who holds
a particular status.
• Social
relation or social interaction is any
relationship between two or more individual.

3. Characteristic of Institutions
1. Institutions are purposive.
2. They are relatively permanent in their
content.
3. The institution is structured.
4. Each institution is a unified structure.
5. The institution is necessarily valueladen.

4. Classification of Institutions
1. Major Institutions- are those which the large
number of people participate in, that are
essential to the society.
2. Subsidiary Institutions- are the numerous,
minor and variable institutions that are
contained within the major institution.

5. Economic Institution
It’s a one of the basic institute of society

6. Definition
John J.Maccionis: “Economy is the social institution that
organizes a society’s production, distribution and
consumption of goods and services”.
P,Gisbert: “The economy system is that complex of
interrelated institutions through which the economy
activity of man is expressed.
Callhoum, Light & keeler: “the social institution that
accomplishes the goal of producing and distributing
goods and services with in a society called economic
institution.”

7. Major Economic Institutions
1. Agriculture farming.
2. Chemical fertilizer and its supplying agencies.
3. Irrigation systems.
4. Harvesting of crops.
5. Land tenure system.
6. Agriculture Department.
7. Production store and supplying agencies.
8. Agriculture sale departments.

8. Economic Structure
1. Property ownership.
2. Labour Force.
3. Distribution of production.
4. Economic Norms.
5. Exchange Value.

9. Functions of Economic Institution
1. Social Stratification.
2. Power and Authority.
3. Interdependence of other Institutions.
4. Socialization
5. Need Satisfaction.
6. Income generation and Employment.
7. Division of Labor and specialization.
8. Provision of Funds.

10. Economic Structure
1. Property ownership.
2. Labour Force.
3. Distribution of production.
4. Economic Norms.
5. Exchange Value.

11. Political Institution
Political institutions are organizations which create, enforce, and apply laws; that mediate conflict; make
(governmental) policy on the economy and social systems; and otherwise provide representation for the
populous

12. A set of norms relating to distribution of power and authority concerning the
management and control of society to bring order in life

13. Examples
Examples of such political institutions include political parties, trade unions,
and the (legal) courts.

14. Structure of political institution
Following is the structure provided by political institution
Formal and informal
Political institution may be formal as well as informal
At once both can be function

15. Informal
mostly found in primitive socities,rural areas
no fixed and written rules,powers and authorities
bradari system,jirga system
popularity and effectiveness of decisions

16. Formal
power and authorities are fixed
supreme power distribute some powers to administration at lower level
more human activities.

17. Main branches of government
1.legeslation.(makes laws for state)
2.judiciary(it defines law)
3.executive(implementation of law)

18. Functions of political institutions
To regulate relationship The customs and traditions are limited to a certain
extent and cannot interpret the formal situations and events.
Welfare Works The state is to provide facilities of
education,health,transportation and communication

19. Functions of Political Institutions
Provision of recreation In most cases Govt organizes recreational activities
for isntance govt arranges art council and major games like football .
Decision of conflicts Courts ,jails, and other means are provided by the
state to decide the conflicting situations.so this is the responsibility of
political institution to make law and these law are to decide the conflict.

20. Functions of Political Institutions
Collects revenue Govt Collects the revenue through taxation to run its
administrative machinery efficiently.rest of the money is spent on public
welfare
Control over the resources Political institution directly or indirectly controls
all the resources of the state

21. Thank you
This is the Waquar Altamash