The document discusses the history and treatment of social anxiety disorder. It begins with an introduction by Usman and then sections contributed by other authors on the types, causes, signs and symptoms, treatment, impacted personality, and effects on society. The summary discusses the disorder, contributions from various authors, and that treatments discussed include cognitive behavioral therapy and medication.

2.  HAFIZ USMAN (GROUP LEADER)
 QURATULIANE FATIMA
 AROOJ RASHAD BUTT
 AROOSA ASLAM
 ASIA SHAHZADI
 MOHSIN
 SIDRA SALEEM
 AZKA BABAR

4.  INTRODUCTION
BY USMAN
 TYPES OF SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER
BY QURATULAIN
 CAUSES
BY AROOJ
 SIGN AND SYMPTOMS
BY ASIA
 TREATMENT
BY SIDRAAND MOHSIN
 EFFECTED PERSONALITY
BY AROOSA
 IMPACT ON SOCIETY
BY AZKA
 CONCLUSION

5. Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia,
involves intense fear of certain social situations—
especially situations that are unfamiliar or in which
you feel you’ll be watched or evaluated by others.
 Public speech fear
 Meeting with new people

6. Early as 400 B.C. During this time, Hippocrates
described the overly shy person as someone
who "loves darkness as life"
and "thinks every man observes him."

7. Early 1900s: In the early part of the 20th century,
psychiatrists used terms such as social phobia and
social neurosis to refer to extremely shy patients
1950s: South African psychiatrist Joseph Wolpe
paved the way for later advances in
behavioral therapy for
phobias through his work.
Developing systematic desensitization
Techniques.

8. 1960s: British psychiatrist Isaac Marks
proposed that social phobias be
considered a distinct category
Separate from other simple
phobias.

9. 1968: In the second edition of the Diagnostic and
Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-II),
published by the American Psychiatric
Association, social fears were
described as a specific phobia
of social situations or an excessive
fear of being observed.

10. 1980: In the third edition of the DSM (DSM-III),
social phobia was included as an official
psychiatric diagnosis. In this edition, social
phobia was described as a fear of performance
situations, and did not include fears of less formal
situations such as casual conversations. People
with such broad fears were more likely to be
diagnosed with avoidant personality disorder.

11. 1985: Psychiatrist Michael Liebowitz
and clinical psychologist Richard Heimberg
initiated a call to action for
research on social phobia.

12. 1987:DSM-III leads to diagnostic criteria.,
symptoms Finally, the term "generalized social
anxiety disorder," was introduced.
1994: The DSM-IV is published and the term social
anxiety disorder (SAD) replaces social phobia.
1995 to present: research attention has focused on.
Cognitive-behavioral therapy techniques and
medications etc.

14.  PANIC DISORDER
 OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER (OCD)
 POST-TRAUMATIC STRES DISORDER (PTSD)
 SPECIFIC ANXIETY DISORDER
 SPECIFIC PHOBIAS
 GENERALIZED ANXIETY DISORDER

15. A panic attack is a sudden surge of overwhelming fear
that comes without warning and without any obvious
reason.

16.  Racing heartbeat
 Terror that is almost paralyzing
 Trembling, sweating, shaking
 Choking, chest pains
 Hot flashes, or sudden chills
 Fear that you're going to go crazy or are
about to die

17.  Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is
uncontrollable, unwanted thoughts and repetitive,
ritualized behaviors you feel compelled to perform.

18. OBSESSIONS:
Involuntary, seemingly uncontrollable thoughts,
images, or impulses that occur over and over again in
your mind.
COMPULSIONS:
Behaviors or rituals that you feel driven to act out again
and again. Usually, compulsions are performed in an
attempt to make obsessions go away.

19.  Washers afraid of contamination. They usually
have hand-washing compulsions.
 Checkers repeatedly check things.
 Doubters and sinners afraid that if everything
isn’t perfect just right something terrible will
happen.
 Counters and arrangers obsessed with order
and symmetry.
 Hoarders fear that something bad will happen
if they throw anything away. use.

20. Post-traumatic stress disorder, is an anxiety problem
that develops in some people after extremely
traumatic events, such as combat, crime, an accident
or natural disaster.

21.  Phobia is an irrational and excessive fear of an object
or situation. In most cases, the phobia involves a
sense of endangerment or a fear of harm.

22.  SOCIAL PHOBIAS—fear of social situations.
 AGORAPHOBIA —fear of being trapped in an
inescapable place or situation.
 SPECIFIC PHOBIAS—fear of a specific object
(such as snakes).

23.  A marked, persistent fear of a clearly discern able,
circumscribed object or situation. Adult sufferers
recognize that the fear is out of proportion to reality.

24.  THE NATURAL ENVIRONMENT—fear of
lightening, water, storms, etc.
 ANIMAL—fear of snakes, rodents, spiders, etc.
 MEDICAL—fear of seeing blood, receiving
injections, visiting a doctor, etc.
 SITUATIONAL—fear of bridges, leaving the
home, driving, etc.

26. Physical symptoms include:
Blushing
Nausea
Excessive sweating
Trembling or shaking
Difficulty speaking
Dizziness
Rapid heart rate

27.  Worrying intensely about social situations.
 Worrying about embarrassing yourself in a social
situation.
 Worrying that other people will notice you
are stressed or nervous.
 Needing a drink to face a social situation.
 Missing school or work because of anxiety.

28.  Fear of situations in which you may be judged
 Fear that others will notice that you look anxious
 Avoiding doing things or speaking to people out of
fear of embarrassment
 Avoiding situations where you might be the center of
attention
 Difficulty making eye contact
 Difficulty talking

30. Genetic causes are run in family.
According to The American Psychiatric Association:
"anxiety disorders run in families.
For example, if one identical twin has an anxiety
disorder, the second twin is likely to have an anxiety
disorder as well, which suggests that genetics-
possibly in combination with life experiences-makes
some people more susceptible to these illnesses"

31. Jerome Kagan, Ph.D. has researched the genetic causes
of SAD at Harvard. He study children infancy to the
adolescence.
He discovered that 10 to 15% child are shy fearful in
their infancy they have much higher rate of social
anxiety disorder in their adolescence.

32. This negative causes of social anxiety disorder are
related to the past experience.
This causes are more related to the children.
Negative experience are:
 Bulling
 Family conflict
 Teasing
 Rejection

33. DOPAMINE: The level of dopamine are lower in
those in people who have social anxiety disorder.
SEROTONIN : There is some evident that people with
social anxiety disorder have reduce serotonin
receptors.

34. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that helps regulate
mood and emotions, among other things. People with
social anxiety disorder may be extra-sensitive to the
effects of serotonin.

35. A structure in the brain called the amygdala (uh-MIG-
duh-luh) may play a role in controlling the fear
response.
The amygadla is hypersensitive in people with social
anxiety disorder. This result in affected people
overestimating social threats.

37. Social anxiety disorders can be treated by following
therapies.
 Cognitive behavioral therapy
 Family therapy
 Exposure therapy
 Group therapy
 Home treatment

38.  Helps people to identify cognitive
patterns or thoughts and emotions that
are linked with behavior.
 Addresses negative patterns and
distortions in the way we look at the
world and ourselves.
 Example of glass.
Effective for the treatment of phobias,
addictions, schizophrenia, and
depression.

39. I. Cognitive therapy :
o Examines how negative thoughts, or cognitions,
contribute to anxiety.
o Aims to change the way of thinking.
o identification and challenging negative thoughts
with positive thoughts.

40. o Examines how you behave and react in
situation
that trigger anxiety.
o Decrease negative thoughts, cognitions and
emotions.

41.  Play vital role in the treatment of social anxiety
disorder.
 Advantageous for family members to be included in
treatment process.
 Therapist spend few hours each week with patient

42.  Exposes you to the situation or objects you
fear.
 Learn how to gradually face social situations,
rather than avoiding them.
 Fear of height….face the
fear….control….diminish.

43.  Learning social skills and techniques to help
interact with people in social settings.
 Participants in group therapy with others who
have same fear may make one feel less alone.

44.  Avoiding caffeine : foods such as coffee,
chocolate and soda.
 Getting plenty of sleep : eight hours per night.

45.  TREATMENT OF ANXIETY DISORDER
BY
 MEDICAYION & Complementary &
Alternative Treatment

46.  A drug or other form of medicine that is used
to treat or prevent disease,
Many different types of medications are used
in the treatment of anxiety disorders,
including.
 Anti-anxiety drugs such as benzodiazepines
 Antidepressants and
 Beta-blockers.

47.  Medication can relieve some symptoms of anxiety,
but it also comes with side effects and safety
concerns, there is also the risk of addiction
 Non-drug treatments may not relieve your anxiety as
quickly as medication, but they can produce lasting
results

48.  Anti-anxiety drugs, also known as tranquilizers, are
medications that relieve anxiety by slowing down the
central nervous system.
 Anti-anxiety drugs are the most widely used type of
medication for anxiety and have also side effects

49.  Antidepressant medications for anxiety
 Buspirone (BuSpar)
 Beta blocker medications for anxiety

50.  Antidepressants are drugs used for the
treatment of anxiety disorders,
 Obsessive compulsive disorder,
 Eating disorders,

51.  Buspirone, also known by the brand name BuSpar, is
a newer anti-anxiety drug that acts as a mild
tranquilizer
 It takes about two weeks to start working on anxiety
 However, it has several advantages over the older
anti-anxiety drugs:, it doesn’t impair memory, it’s not
very addictive,

52.  Beta blockers are a type of medication used to treat,
anxiety, high blood pressure and heart problems.
 When you take beta blockers, the heart beats more
slowly and with less force, thereby reducing blood
pressure.

53.  The following complementary and alternative
practices are currently used to treat anxiety and
anxiety disorders:
 Stress and Relaxation Techniques
 Yoga
 Kava

54.  Relaxation techniques have also been used to relieve
anxiety for people in stressful situations
 They were more effective than, no treatment for
depression

55.  Kava is a crop of the western Pacific.
 Kava is used to calm anxiety, stress, and
restlessness, and treat sleep problems (insomnia)
 It has also had a positive impact on reducing
anxiety and depression levels.

56.  Yoga is a physical exercise, which combines
physical postures, breathing exercises,
meditation,.
 Regular yoga practice can help you stay
calm and relaxed in daily life and can also give
you the strength to face events as they come
without getting restless.

58. She is an Australian swimmer and Olympic Medalist.
Susie experienced social anxiety disorder during her
career when faced with being in the spotlight.

59. Ricky Williams is a football player.
This football player diagnosed with social anxiety
disorder has spent time during his professional
career.

60. Khalil Greene is a shortstop for the St.Lious Cardinals.
He was placed on the disabled list in 2009 because of
social anxiety disorder.

61. Dontrelle Willis is a professional baseball player.
He was placed on the disabled list in the early 2009
because of social anxiety disorder.

62. Zack Greinke is a professional baseball player.
He has battled depression and social anxiety disorder.

63. 1-Barbra Streisand is a celebrity. She won academic
award and she is best-spelling artist on the Reading
Industry Association of America’s (RIAA) Top
Spelling Album Artist list.
2-She is suffering from social anxiety disorder.

64. 1-He is also a celebrity.
2-He has disclosed a diagnosis of social anxiety
disorder and he has been candid about his
experiences, the treatment he has received, and how
he has coped.

66.  social Anxiety disorders are the most common
mental illness in the U.S. Affecting 40 million
adults in the United States of age group 18
years old.

67.  Rate of social anxiety disorder (SAD) in U.S. is 7.1
to 7.9% and in Taiwan is 0.4%. South American
countries had prevalence rates similar to the U.S.
 Social anxiety disorder (SAD) rates in Korea, China
and Japan are 0.6%, 0.2% and 0.8% respectively.

68.  Tiredness and lack of energy
 Headaches and muscular tension
 Loss of appetite
 Palpitations
 Diarrhea
 Frequent urination

69.  Feeling of fear
 Excessive worrying
 Panic attacks
 Loss of confidence
 Low self-esteem
 Poor memory and
concentration
 Obsessive thoughts

70.  General lack of interest in normal activities.
 Adverse effect on relationships, work, and other
social activities.
 Panicky in social situations or in crowds.

71.  Avoiding people.
 Tongue tied during conversation.
 Lack of patience and irritability with others.

72.  Social phobia occurs in women twice as often as in men.
 Anxiety disorders develop from a complex set of risk factors
 Its not uncommon for someone with an anxiety
disorder to also suffer from depression. Everyone has
felt anxious or embarrassed at one time or another.

73.  Always Be confident and never lose it.
 Never attention what people said.
 You can never keep happy and satisfied all
peoples of world.
 Encourage those who suffer in this problem.
 Don’t disheart these people.