The document discusses smart materials, which change properties in response to external stimuli, with a focus on shape memory alloys (SMA) like nitinol. It covers the operation principles, types of SMAs, and their applications in various fields including aerospace, medical, and robotics. The economic outlook estimates a market value of 1 billion dollars, with a significant share in electro-ceramics and niche roles for shape memory materials.

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Seminar
On
Smartmaterial

2. content
 Introduction
 Operation principle
 Types of SMA
 Economical Outlook
 Applications
 References

3. introduction
 Smart materials are designed materials that have one
or more properties that can be significantly changed in
a controlled fashion by external stimuli, such
as stress, temperature, moisture, electric or
magnetic fields.
 Types of Smart material:
 Shape memory alloy
 Piezoelectric
 Thermoelectric materials
 Thermochromic
 Photochromic, etc.

4. SMA
 SMA are the Materials which have the ability to return
to a predetermined shape when heated or cooled, or
below its transformation temperature.
 When it is heated above its transformation temperature
it undergoes a change in crystal structure which causes
it to return to its original shape.
 The most common shape memory material is an alloy
of nickel and titanium called Nitinol
 This particular alloy has very good electrical and
mechanical properties, long fatigue life, and high
corrosion resistance.

5. Operation principle
 SMA has two stable phases
1) Austenite (high temperature phase)
2) Martensite (low temperature phase)
Fig. 1: Different phases of a shape memory alloy

6. Contd…
(a) (b)
Fig. 2: (a)Temperature-induced phase transformation of a shape memory alloy without
mechanical loading. (b) hysteresis curve

7. types
 Types of SMA
 One way SMA
 Cu-Al-Ni Alloy, Ti51Ni49
 Two way SMA
 Types of Alloys
 Ni-Ti
 Copper

8. nitinol
 The term nitinol is derived from its composition
and its place of discovery: (Nickel Titanium-
Naval Ordnance Laboratory).
 Nitinol is actuator, sensor and heater all in one
material
 Nitinol thin film actuators have attracted
significant development efforts in the recent past
years.
 Nitinol films normally less than 10m in thickness
were deposited on silicon, glass or polymeric
substrates by sputter deposition.

9. ECONOMICAL OUTLOOK
 1 Billion dollar market
 75% - Electro-ceramics
 10% -Shape Memory Materials
 10% - Magnetostrictive materials
 5% - Active Fluids

10. application
 MEMS electrical & thermal Actuator
 Micro-grippers
 Aerospace and Naval Applications
 Medical
 Dentistry
 Repair broken bones
 Replace damage discs
 Cellular phones
 Robotics arm
 Fire alarm sensor
 Arts

11. References
 www.google.com
 www.wikipedia.com
 www.studymafia.org
 www.pptplanet.com

12. Thank you