Smart material

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Seminar
On
Smartmaterial

2. content
 Introduction
 Operation principle
 Types of SMA
 Economical Outlook
 Applications
 References

3. introduction
 Smart materials are designed materials that have one
or more properties that can be significantly changed in
a controlled fashion by external stimuli, such
as stress, temperature, moisture, electric or
magnetic fields.
 Types of Smart material:
 Shape memory alloy
 Piezoelectric
 Thermoelectric materials
 Thermochromic
 Photochromic, etc.

4. SMA
 SMA are the Materials which have the ability to return
to a predetermined shape when heated or cooled, or
below its transformation temperature.
 When it is heated above its transformation temperature
it undergoes a change in crystal structure which causes
it to return to its original shape.
 The most common shape memory material is an alloy
of nickel and titanium called Nitinol
 This particular alloy has very good electrical and
mechanical properties, long fatigue life, and high
corrosion resistance.

5. Operation principle
 SMA has two stable phases
1) Austenite (high temperature phase)
2) Martensite (low temperature phase)
Fig. 1: Different phases of a shape memory alloy

6. Contd…
(a) (b)
Fig. 2: (a)Temperature-induced phase transformation of a shape memory alloy without
mechanical loading. (b) hysteresis curve

7. types
 Types of SMA
 One way SMA
 Cu-Al-Ni Alloy, Ti51Ni49
 Two way SMA
 Types of Alloys
 Ni-Ti
 Copper

8. nitinol
 The term nitinol is derived from its composition
and its place of discovery: (Nickel Titanium-
Naval Ordnance Laboratory).
 Nitinol is actuator, sensor and heater all in one
material
 Nitinol thin film actuators have attracted
significant development efforts in the recent past
years.
 Nitinol films normally less than 10m in thickness
were deposited on silicon, glass or polymeric
substrates by sputter deposition.

9. ECONOMICAL OUTLOOK
 1 Billion dollar market
 75% - Electro-ceramics
 10% -Shape Memory Materials
 10% - Magnetostrictive materials
 5% - Active Fluids

10. application
 MEMS electrical & thermal Actuator
 Micro-grippers
 Aerospace and Naval Applications
 Medical
 Dentistry
 Repair broken bones
 Replace damage discs
 Cellular phones
 Robotics arm
 Fire alarm sensor
 Arts

11. References
 www.google.com
 www.wikipedia.com
 www.studymafia.org
 www.pptplanet.com

12. Thank you