SMARTER Grid Initiatives & Grid Modernization - CAREC Energy Presentation Series
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A simple way of looking at grid modernization and managing the modern grid through the interaction and integration of technology, applications and systems. An approach to kick of your Smart Grid Road Map through the Maturity Model approach.
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SMARTER Grid Initiatives & Grid Modernization - CAREC Energy Presentation Series
- 1. Smarter Grid Initiatives – Grid Modernization CAREC ENERGY PRESENTATION SERIES PRESENTED BY: RICK CASE PMP, P.E. SYSTEM OPERATIONS JULY 06, 2017
- 2. 2 JPS IS DEDICATED TO FUELING JAMAICA’S GROWTH Accountability, Service, Passion, Integrity, Respect, Excellence CORE VALUES Vision Mission
- 3. The Smart Grid “A Smart Grid is an electricity network that can intelligently integrate the actions of all users connected to it – generators, consumers and those that do both – in order to efficiently deliver sustainable, economic and secure electricity supplies” – European Technology Platform Smart Grid (ETPSG) NIST Conceptual Reference Model
- 4. So the Smart Grid..., 1. Uses Information Technology to improve how electricity travels from power plants to consumers 2. Allows consumers to interact with the grid 3. Integrates new and improved technology into grid operation 4. Significantly increases the efficiency of the entire electrical delivery system 5. Reduces energy usage in the delivery process and greenhouse gas emissions NIST Conceptual Reference Model
- 5. Smart Grid Attributes • Information-Based, Intelligent, Interactive • High Speed 2-Way Communication • Participative • Secure • Self-Healing • Self-Coordination • Self-Scheduling • Reliable • Flexible • Cost-Effective (Low Cost) • Dynamically Controllable • Scalable, Interoperable • Clean & Green NIST Conceptual Reference Model
- 6. Why Smart Grid? Integrate isolated technologies: • Smart Grid enables better energy management • Proactive management of electrical network during emergency situations • Better demand and supply/response management • Better power quality • Reduce carbon emissions • Spurs economic development Increasing demand for energy: • Requires more complex and critical solutions with better energy management
- 7. Pillars of Smart Grid • Transmission Optimization • Demand Side Management • Distribution Optimization • Asset Optimization The Objective Function of the SMART GRID is built on a Cohesive Strategy The build out of the strategy is directed by a SMART GRID Road Map Road Map moves from “As-Is… To-Be” Smart Grid = Network of Networks Smart Grid = System of Systems
- 8. A System of Systems Everything is connected to everything else All working together to satisfy the objective function
- 9. Demand Response Use Case All working together to satisfy the objective function
- 10. Key VRR Integration Challenges and Smart Grid Solutions Integration Challenges Transmission General Ramping Requirements Near Instantaneous Production Ramps Over-Generation Proposed Response to VRR Integration Challenges: Smart Grid Tools System Operations Tools 0 5 10 15 20 25 MW Time 20MW PV Plant, August 18, 2016 (6:00am - 6:30pm) MW
- 11. Transmission Solutions SMART GRID TOOLS • Dynamic Line Rating – real time monitoring of line sags • Wide Area Situational Awareness + Phasor Measurement tools – SMART RAS (Remedial Action Schemes) • Flexible AC Transmission Systems – FACTS Devices > SVC, FSC, Sync Condensers • SMART Circuit Breakers – Fibre Optics Tripping independent of relays SYSTEM OPERATION TOOLS •Advanced Simulation Systems – Chess Player Algorithms, Improved Load Forecasting assist with Optimizing System •Better Balancing Area Coordination, Upgrade Line and Transformer Capacity, Retrofit Relays •Transition from day-ahead UC and hourly dispatch down to 5 minute intervals
- 12. General Ramping Solutions SMART GRID TOOLS •Energy Storage – batteries, flywheels, chillers, heat •Demand Response •Virtual Power Plants – grouping of energy resources under central control SYSTEM OPERATION TOOLS •Better Wind and Solar Forecasting for Resource Scheduling •Better Balancing Area Coordination •Advanced EMS integrating near real-time (5 min) load forecast updates •Improved AGC monitoring, RTU scan rate >> VRR rate •Dynamic Spinning Reserve allocation and assignment to the best responding generator sets (including IPPs) •Retrofit/recalibrate generator governors for faster response
- 13. Near Instantaneous Production Ramp Solutions SMART GRID TOOLS • Volt Var Optimization and require PVs to contribute to Voltage Regulation • Fault Location Isolation & Service Restoration • Transfer Trip Schemes – to allow proper discon and recon of RE when outage is detected • Automated reclosers to facilitate Islanding of DGs and/or BSs when outages are detected • Active power electronics in SMART Meters to control ramps • Coupling of PV inverters and PQM to minimize feeder voltage fluctuations SYSTEM OPERATION TOOLS • ADMS to integrate grid monitoring applications to improve visualization and situational awareness of the distribution network state and facilitate FLISR, FR, DR, VVO/VVC • Distribution Operator Training Simulator – DOTS • Short Term Load Management for better voltage control
- 14. Over Generation Solutions SMART GRID TOOLS •High Quality RE Forecasting •Demand Response – eg. PHEV Charging, ICE for HVAC, Cooling of Industrial Refrigerators •Home Automation – Residential Pre- cooling, Electric Thermal Heating of Water, SMART Pumps, SMART Thermostats •Large Industrial Loads to absorb the excess energy SYSTEM OPERATION TOOLS •Expanded balancing area – sell/export the excess power •RE Curtailment – Reduce RE Output •Advanced EMS with Load Forecasting/Load Dispatch with AGC •Require all generators to operate at minimum load and/or leading power factor •Flexible base load generators capable of cycling
- 15. Integrated System Control Room •Full operational view of Transmission and Distribution systems •Integrated EMS and ADMS •DMS function now critical as DER’s are deployed, active control of the distribution is essential with storage, generation and load. Advanced Applications and Simulation will be necessary to improve visibility and control over the resources. •At the transmission level, EMS are managing both conventional and VRR, active demand response, storage devices and safety. The EMS will have to control the DMS and DER’s directly in daily operations
- 16. Transmission Control Room Improvements •High resolution visualization of grid status and health •Automated Demand Management •Algorithms that identify intermittency events and look-ahead •Integrated forecasting software that allows for more accurate dispatch •Ability to manage the connection or disconnection of micro-grids •Work force demographics and skills
- 17. SCADA Controlled Hybrid Storage: • 20 MW/6 MWh BESS + 3 x1.5 MW Flywheel Energy Storage Proposed Solution Slide 17 1.5 MWh JPS Grid Existing Plant 1.5 MWh 1.5 MWh 1.5 MWh Other Renewable Facilities 3x1.5MWFlywheel 4 x 5MW BESS
- 18. Jamaica’s Smart Energy Roadmap 1. Smart Grid Roadmap: Identifying, prioritizing and defining initiatives to advance smart grid in Jamaica in support of the National Energy Policy 2. Smarter Buildings: Applying advanced energy management approaches for larger buildings 3. Water and Energy Efficiency: Reducing water loss in the system, resulting in lower overall energy consumption 4. Customer Conservation Programs: Introducing new tariffs and programs made possible by smart meters, such as time-of-use pricing, prepayment plans, and load control or other in home services.
- 19. Smart Grid Maturity Model 19 Framework for understanding the current state of smart grid deployment – Management Tool Provides context for establishing future strategies and work plans Bridges gaps between strategy and execution
- 20. Smart Grid Maturity Domains 20 SMR OS WA M GO TECH VCI SE CUST Supports the optimal management of assets and workforce resources. Work and Asset Management - WAM Supports reliable, safe and secure operation of the electrical grid utilizing automated operations with significant flexibility and high degree of situational awareness Grid Operations - GO Enables an organization to align and operate to achieve it desired smart grid vision through transformation. Organization and Structure - OS Capabilities and characteristics that enables an organization to successfully develop a smart grid vision Strategy, Management and Regulatory- SMR Contribute to societal goals regarding the reliability safety and security of the electric power infrastructure Societal and Environmental - SE Enables dynamic supply and demand management based on near real time information Value Chain Integration - VCI Enables customer participation towards achieving the benefits of smart grid transformation by empowering customers to execute their energy choices. Customer- CUST Effective strategic technology planning to integrate new smart grid technologies throughout the enterprise to provide data rich smart grid applications and analytics Technology - TECH
- 21. Jamaica’s assessment across many of the domains is in line with utilities that complete the Smart Grid Maturity Model for the first time The comparison to the peer group is a helpful reference point for smart grid planning discussion in which utilities decide which characteristics would provide value to their stakeholders. Thee SGMM is a good starting point for your Smart Grid Road Map JPS Smart Grid Maturity Assessment
- 22. JPS Smart Grid Maturity Assessment 22 PIONEERING OPTIMIZING INTEGRATING ENABLING INITIATING DEFAULT Strategy, management and regulatory Organization and structure Grid operations Work and asset management Technology Customer Value chain integration Societal and environmental 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 4 4 4 3 4 3 2 3 5 year aspirations (2020)Current State (2015)
- 23. 01 Thank You!
Editor's Notes
- Pertains to the application of technology to energy networks so that networks can run more intelligently and efficiently. The SMART GRID is a game changer and will ultimately result in growth in any country. It creates serveral new opportunities and streams in
- The Electric Delivery System is still a Grid that needs management and Control. Transmission Optimization include: Improving Engineering Analysis, Decision Making & Control Minimize RE impact Generation Dispatch Optimization Increase Transmission Capacity System Stability – Oscillations/Early Detection Asset Optimization includes: Reduction of Outages due to primary equipment failures Extend Asset Life Cycle through early detection of faults or abnormal operation Demand Optimization: Demand peak Reduction Fill up Generation Gaps – DG CO2 Reduction Peak Shifting – smoothing Loss Reduction Distribution Optimization: Power Quality Reduction of Outages due to primary equipment failures Improve SAIDI/SAIFI Losses Reduction Some examples of an objective function are: Reduction of System Losses Minimize Production Costs Improved Billed Sales Increase customer participation – EE, DG & DR Improve Power Quality
- Use case of Demand Response: In the Generation & Transmission Ops a shortfall is predicted based on the Load Forecast The Demand Management/Resource Scheduler App will interact with the Demand Response App in the ADMS The DR app will request from the customer to shift their demand by control signals sent to the meter in the Home Area Network The response will send real time feedback to all the systems in the operations and the objective function satisfied.
- Use case of Demand Response: In the Generation & Transmission Ops a shortfall is predicted based on the Load Forecast The Demand Management/Resource Scheduler App will interact with the Demand Response App in the ADMS The DR app will request from the customer to shift their demand by control signals sent to the meter in the Home Area Network The response will send real time feedback to all the systems in the operations and the objective function satisfied.
- The integration challenges are taken in the context of other solutions that are available, some which are soft and already available..
- Siting of VRR are often times located at a significant distances from load centres. Cost of new transmission or limits on existing lines may pose challenges to additional VRR generation. Smart grid technologies, especially advanced transmission and substation technologies, can aid in this challenge by increasing transmission line capacity, reducing system losses, and improving voltage and frequency control
- System operators “ramp” the output of generators in response to the demand for electricity, a vital grid function known as “load-following.” Conventional ramping is normally due to fluctuations in electricity demand, high penetration of VRR adds a new variability to this convention and the unique patterns present different ramping challenges. High Penetration Solar requires daily (morning and evening) ramping as well as cloud cover changes. Wind Power generally increases during the day and dies down in the evening, but has less predictable up-and-down-ramping requirements
- High-Penetrations of Solar present integration challenges, the passage of clouds over PV panels can result in output changes of +/- 50% in 60 seconds and +/- 70% in 10 minutes. Rooftop or utility-scale PV connected directly to the distribution system can introduce voltage challenges. Quick variations from inverter-based generation can impact the voltage to customers if adequate voltage regulation is absent. Siting of a single large solar installation at the end of a distribution feeder can strain the entire voltage regulation scheme. Generally, the Response-Time for Voltage Regulation is critical.
- Over-generation typically occurs when VRR generation is high, loads are relatively low, and there is a significant share of non-dispatchable and baseload conventional generation on the grid The challenge is more common with wind generation in low-load situations
- There are several time scales observable in the natural intermittent and periodic generation profiles of JPS’ current renewable generation energy mix (September – December 2016) • Short term, 1-2 second basis, +/- 3 MW (RMS-like fluctuations) • Causes: gusty winds; partial cloud cover • Medium term, 1-30 minute basis, steady ramp-down-from OR ramp-up-to capacity, ramps ranging from 1 to 10 MW/min • Causes: subsiding/increasing wind; heavy intermittent cloud cover • Long term, over 24 hours • Cause: natural diurnal variation of wind and solar resources Medium-term down-ramps appear to be the most commonly observed renewable-generation characteristic preceding an under-frequency load shed event (wind and solar)
- The Jamaican Ministry of Science, Technology, Energy, and Mining (MSTEM) has initiated an Energy Security and Efficiency Enhancement Project, which has been designed to support the implementation of the Government of Jamaica’s (GoJ) National Energy Policy (NEP) covering 2009 through 2030. The project will develop a Smart Energy Roadmap, representing the key initial step in moving Jamaica’s energy objectives forward. The Smart Energy Roadmap will address four priority areas, all of which are intended to begin to reduce Jamaica’s energy cost and consumption with the application of leading information technology and best practices implemented worldwide, within the context of the larger Smarter Energy Vision for Jamaica: <Back to Slide> As part of the Smart Energy Roadmap effort, IBM was engaged to develop a Smart Grid Roadmap, which identifies, defines, and sequences smart grid initiatives to address Jamaica’s priorities and support Jamaica’s National Energy Policy. This final report represents the results from IBM’s work on the Smart Grid Roadmap Development project. The report defines a strategic roadmap of prioritized smart grid initiatives to address Jamaica’s priorities and challenges and provides details on the project’s purpose, global references, the project’s policy alignment, Jamaica’s smart grid baseline status, and proposed target capabilities incorporating the results of Jamaica’s Smart Grid Maturity Model assessment.
- The Smart Grid Maturity Model (SGMM) is a management tool which has become a standard to guide, appraise and improve a utility’s path toward smart grid transformation in multiple operational areas through defining specific levels of capabilities and desired results. It establishes a common framework and language, defining all the elements of a smart grid transformation in order to bridge gaps between strategy and execution that might exist.
- Strategy, Management and Regulation: This domain evaluates the degree to which management mechanisms are in place to guide and advance the smart grid program. A smart grid vision and strategy are an expected characteristic. Jamaica’s results reflect the lack of an explicit smart grid vision and strategy for Jamaica. Organization and Structure: This domain evaluates the structure, culture, and communications in place to support a smart grid transformation. Key characteristics in this domain relate to an organizational structure, policies, and processes to promote and reward cross functional planning, design, and operations. JPS’s actions to support smart grid technologies through assigning budget and resources (e.g., Residential Automated Metering Infrastructure program and grid automation pilots) are the reason for achieving Level 1 maturity. Grid Operations: This domain covers advanced grid observability and grid control. Jamaica is designated Level 1 due to the initial steps taken evaluating distribution network observability (e.g., the Power Quality meter trial on distribution feeders) and automation technologies (e.g., smart switch deployment). Work & Asset Management: This domain measures the degree to which asset operation incorporates fact-based performance data, enabling the evolution from reactive to predictive maintenance and the more efficient use of resources. Although not reflected in the current state assessment, the designation of an asset management department and developing plans for an asset management solution will increase scores in this domain. Technology: This domain evaluates the information management capabilities present to connect and support the smart grid-enabled data sources and users. The alignment of JPS’ enterprise IT architecture to smart grid capabilities and incorporating smart grid-enabling applications in design considerations provided JPS with strong scores across maturity Levels 1, 2, and 3. Customer: This domain evaluates the degree to which customer are provided options and capabilities to manage their energy usage and costs. The existing smart meter program achieved many of the characteristics expected in Levels 1, 2, and 3 (e.g., remote connect/disconnect and provision of energy usage information). Value Chain Integration: This domain evaluates capabilities managing demand and a diverse set of supply resources beyond traditional boundaries (e.g., distributed energy resources provided by customers and other 3rd parties). JPS’s efforts to identify distributed generation sources and the capabilities to support them as well as the identification of security requirements to enable interaction with 3rd parties are represented by the progress to achieving Level 1 characteristics. Societal & Environmental: This domain covers conservation and green initiatives, sustainability, economics and the ability to integrate alternative and distributed energy. Energy efficiency programs and the provision of consumption data to customers through the Residential Automated Metering Infrastructure system provided Jamaica some progress in this domain.
- Orange Bars are peer community ranges Diamonds are peer community averages Green Squares are JPS ratings