This document proposes a system called SmartHealth-NDNoT, which uses Named Data Networking (NDN) for healthcare services in an Internet of Things (IoT) environment. It aims to develop an intelligent remote patient monitoring system using NDN. The key components of the proposed system include NDN routers, sensors to collect patient data, mobile applications, and hospital servers to process and analyze the data. The system uses NDN's features like hierarchical naming and in-network caching to efficiently distribute sensor data in the network while preserving privacy and security. A prototype of the mobile healthcare application was tested to demonstrate data collection, transfer, and visualization on hospital servers.

1. Divya Saxena
Dr. Vaskar Raychoudhury
Nalluri SriMahathi
Department of Computer Science & Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, India
SmartHealth-NDNoT: Named Data
Network of Things for Healthcare
Services
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT 1

2. Organization
Introduction
Internet of Things
Research gaps
Named Data Networking
Characteristics / features and main components
Open mHealth architecture
Proposed system architecture
Naming conventions
Testing of the prototype mobile healthcare
application
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT 2

3. Introduction
Availability of services
Infrastructure is needed to cater the needs
of growing population
Patient’s inconvenience, long wait,
exposure to germs, leave from work
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT <3>

4. Internet of Things (IoT) for
Healthcare Services
Smart healthcare aims to build an IoT using wearable vital-
sign sensors connected through low-power wireless
technologies
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT <4>
http://www.mobile-sensing.com/products.html

5. Smart Objects
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT <5>
Smart Object
Sensing
Capability
Communication
Capability
Unique
Identifier

6. Requirements of IoT
Every object must be uniquely identifiable
Sender’s privacy and content security
must be preserved
Sensors data must be efficiently
distributed in the network
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT <6>

7. Internet – Growth
Source: Cisco
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT 7

8. Internet - Now
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT 8

9. Research gaps
Huge number of devices
Unstable wireless communication
channels
Requirements of high security and privacy
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT <9>

10. Named Data Networking (NDN)
No name translation to IP address
Contents are well distributed across the
hosts, reduces the effect of node failure
User mobility
Security and Privacy
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT <10>

11. Smart Healthcare
 Objectives
To develop an intelligent system for real-time
remote patient monitoring, diagnosis and
clinical care using Named Data Networking
(NDN)
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT 11

12. NDN Overview
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT <12>

13. Current Internet
vs.
Distribution Network
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT 13
ISP
ISP
ISP
ISP

14. NDN Hourglass Architecture
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT 14
Data-centric
Addressing
Host-centric
Addressing
Internet NDN

15. Packets in NDN Architecture
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT 15
Content Name Selector Nonce
order preference, publisher filter, scope,...
Interest packet
Content Name Signature Signed info
digest algorithm, witness,...
Data packet
publisher ID, key locator, stale time,...
Data

16. NDN Router Data Structures
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT 16
Names List of nonce List of incoming interfaces List of outgoing interfaces
Content
Name
Nonce Interface ID Lifetime Interface ID Send-time
Name
Prefixes
Stale Time Interfaces Ranked by Forwarding Policies
Name
Prefix
Time
Interface
ID
Routing
Preference
RTT Status Rate Limit
Pending Information Table (PIT) New
Forwarding Information Base (FIB) New
Content Store (CS) New
Responsible for caching data items

17. Forwarding Process at NDN Node
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT 17
Content Store
(CS)
Content Store
(CS)
Pending Interest
Table (PIT)
Pending Interest
Table (PIT)
FIB
Add Request Port
Create PIT entry
Drop Interest Packet
Return data
Content Store
(CS)
Content Store
(CS)
Pending Interest
Table (PIT)
Pending Interest
Table (PIT)
Drop Data
Data Packet
Process
Interest Packet
Process
Delete PIT Entry
Forward Data
Cache Data
Data
Packet
Interest
Packet
Miss
MatchedExact Matching
Longest Prefix Matching

18. NDN Forwarding Process
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT 18
Interest Packet
Data Packet
Content Requester
Content
Provider
Destination Address
Source Address
IP Packet
Content
Store
FIB
Content Requester
Content Store
(CS)
Content Store
(CS)
Pending Interest
Table (PIT)
Pending Interest
Table (PIT)
FIB
Add Request Port
Create PIT entry
Drop Interest Packet
Return data
Content Store
(CS)
Content Store
(CS)
Pending Interest
Table (PIT)
Pending Interest
Table (PIT)
Drop Data
Data Packet
Process
Interest Packet
Process
Delete PIT Entry
Forward Data
Cache Data
Data
Packet
Interest
Packet
Miss
MatchedExact Matching
Longest Prefix Matching

19. Naming
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT 19
Content requester/Application generated name
Version/Segment
Organizational nameGlobally-routable name
in/ac/iitr/btech/CS/ACN/lec/chapter1.ppt/2
Coventional/automatic
11 3322
iitr.ac.in
btech
CS
lec
Chapter1.ppt
ACN

20. Open mHealth Architecture
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT <20>
Standardized personal
data vaults and health
specific data exchange
protocols
Re-usable health data
and knowledge
services
Mobile plateforms iPhone/
Android/Feature Phones
mHealth Architecture
Analysis/visualization/
feedback
Storage
Data transport
Processing
Data capture
Patient/Caregivers
Open

21. System Architecture
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT <21>
Home
Network
Centralized
Enviroment
Distributedenviroment
Services
Operational
Servers
Network
Endpoints
Central Controller
Networking Services
& Database
NDNoT Gateway
Embedded Systems
& Sensors
Data
Collection
Data
Transfer
Data
Processing&
analysis/
Visualization.
Service
Locator
NDNofThings(NDNoT)

22. NDN Naming Convention
Hospital/HospitalID/PatientName/Patient
ID/ Timestamp/Geolocation/DataName
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT 22

23. Sensors Sub-system
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT 23
Figure 6. Sensors sub-system

24. Topology for Proposed NDN-based
Healthcare Architecture
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT 24
Controller C
Hospital
Server B
(HSB)
Hospital
Server A
(HSA)
Mobile User M
IR1
IR2

25. September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT <25>
Testing of the Prototype Mobile
Healthcare Application

26. Step 1: Mobile User M’s
Updated FIB
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT 26

27. Step 2: Sending Interest from
Mobile User M Interface
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT 27

28. Step 3: Data packet Received at
Hospital Server B Interface
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT 28

29. Step 4: Healthcare Server Interface
for Report Generation
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT 29

30. Step 5: Healthcare Server Interface
for Graph Plotting
September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT 30

31. September 7, 2015 SmartHealth-NDNoT 31