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Arthur CHARPENTIER & Mathieu BOUDREAULT, Bivariate count processes for earthquake frequency




                  Bivariate Count Processes
                  for Earthquake Frequency
                 Mathieu Boudreault & Arthur Charpentier
                                Université du Québec à Montréal

                                   charpentier.arthur@uqam.ca
                              http ://freakonometrics.blog.free.fr/




                                Séminaire GeoTop, January 2012


                                                                                              1
Arthur CHARPENTIER & Mathieu BOUDREAULT, Bivariate count processes for earthquake frequency




                                               Motivation
“Large earthquakes are known to trigger earthquakes elsewhere. Damaging large
aftershocks occur close to the mainshock and microearthquakes are triggered by
passing seismic waves at significant distances from the mainshock. It is unclear,
however, whether bigger, more damaging earthquakes are routinely triggered at
distances far from the mainshock, heightening the global seismic hazard after
every large earthquake. Here we assemble a catalogue of all possible earthquakes
greater than M5 that might have been triggered by every M7 or larger mainshock
during the past 30 years. [...] We observe a significant increase in the rate of
seismic activity at distances confined to within two to three rupture lengths of the
mainshock. Thus, we conclude that the regional hazard of larger earthquakes is
increased after a mainshock, but the global hazard is not.” Parsons & Velasco
(2011)
Figures : Number of earthquakes (magnitude exceeding 2.0, per 15 sec.)
following a large earthquake (of magnitude 6.5), normalized so that the expected
number of earthquakes before and after is 100.

                                                                                               2
Arthur CHARPENTIER & Mathieu BOUDREAULT, Bivariate count processes for earthquake frequency




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                                                                                 80




                                                                                       −15                            −10                                −5                                  0                                 5                                10                                15

                                                                                                               Time before and after a major eathquake (magnitude >6.5) in days




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Slides GEOTOP

  • 1. Arthur CHARPENTIER & Mathieu BOUDREAULT, Bivariate count processes for earthquake frequency Bivariate Count Processes for Earthquake Frequency Mathieu Boudreault & Arthur Charpentier Université du Québec à Montréal charpentier.arthur@uqam.ca http ://freakonometrics.blog.free.fr/ Séminaire GeoTop, January 2012 1
  • 2. Arthur CHARPENTIER & Mathieu BOUDREAULT, Bivariate count processes for earthquake frequency Motivation “Large earthquakes are known to trigger earthquakes elsewhere. Damaging large aftershocks occur close to the mainshock and microearthquakes are triggered by passing seismic waves at significant distances from the mainshock. It is unclear, however, whether bigger, more damaging earthquakes are routinely triggered at distances far from the mainshock, heightening the global seismic hazard after every large earthquake. Here we assemble a catalogue of all possible earthquakes greater than M5 that might have been triggered by every M7 or larger mainshock during the past 30 years. [...] We observe a significant increase in the rate of seismic activity at distances confined to within two to three rupture lengths of the mainshock. Thus, we conclude that the regional hazard of larger earthquakes is increased after a mainshock, but the global hazard is not.” Parsons & Velasco (2011) Figures : Number of earthquakes (magnitude exceeding 2.0, per 15 sec.) following a large earthquake (of magnitude 6.5), normalized so that the expected number of earthquakes before and after is 100. 2
  • 3. Arthur CHARPENTIER & Mathieu BOUDREAULT, Bivariate count processes for earthquake frequency Number of earthquakes (magnitude >2) per 15 sec., average before=100 q 180 q q q q 160 q q q qq q q q 140 qq qq qq qq q qq q q q q qq qqq qq qq q q qqq q q qq q q q q q q q qqq q qq q qq qq qq q q 120 qqqqq q qqq qq qq qq q qq q q q qqq q q q qq qq q q q qq q q q qqq qq q q q q qq qq q qq qq qqq q qqqq q qq q qq q q q qqqqq q q q qqq qqqq qq q qqq q q qq q q qq q q qq qq q q q q q q q qq qqq q q q qq q q q q q q q q q q qq q qqq q qqq qq q qq q q q q qq q qq q q q q q q q qq q q q q q q qq q q q q qq q qqq qq q q q q q q q q q q q qq qq qq q q q q qq qq q qqq q qq q qqqq qq q qq q q q q q qq q qq q q q qq qqqq qq q q q q q q qq q q q q q q q qq qq qq qq q q q qq qq qqqq qq q qq q qqq qq q q qq q q q qq q q qqqq qq qq q qqq q q q qq q qq qq qq qq q q qq qq q q qq q q q q q qqq q qq q qqqqq qqq qqq q q q q qq q qq q q qq q q q q qqq qq q q qq qq q qq q q q qq q q q q q q q q q qq q q q q q q q qq q q qq q qq q q q qq qq qqq q q q q qq q qq q q q q q q q q q qqq q qq qq qq q q qq q q qqq q q q q qq q q q q q q qq q q qq q q qq q qq q qq q qqq q qq q qq q q q qq q q q qqqq q q q q qq q qq q qqqqqqqqqq qqqqqqqq q qqqq q q qq q qqqq qq q qqqq q q qq qq qqq q qqqq qqq qqqqqqqqqqq q q q q q q qqqqq qq q q q q q q q qqqq q q q qqq q qq q q q q q q q qq qqq q q q q qq q q qq qqq qq q q q q qq qqqqqq q q q q qq qq qq q q q q q qq q q q qq q q q qqq q q q q q qq qq qq q q q q q qqq qqqq q q qqq qq q qqq qqq q q qq q q q q q q q qq qqq qqqqq q q q q q qq q qq q qq q q q q qq qq q q q q q qq q q q q q qq q q q q q q q q q q qq q qqq qq q q qqqq q qqqq qqqqq q qq qqqqqqqqq qq q q q qq q qq q qqq q q q q qq q q qq qqqq q qqqq q qq q q q q qqq q q q q q q q q q q q qqqqq q qqqq q qqqq qq q qq qq qq qqqqqq q qq qq qqq q q q q qq qq q q q qq q q qq q 100 qq qq qq qq q q qq q qq q q q q qq q q q qqq qq q qq q qq q q q q qq q q q q qq q qq qq q q q q q qq qqq q qqqq qqq qq qqqqqqq qqq q q q qq q qqqq qqqqq qq qqqq q q qq qq q q q q q q q qq q q q q qqq qq q q q qq qqq q q qq q q qq qqq q q qqqq qqqq q qqq q q qq q q q q q q q q q q qq qq qq qq qqqqqq q qqqqqq qqqqq q qqqq qq qqqqqqqq qq qq qqqqqq qqqq q q qq qq q q q q q qq q q q q q q q qq q q q q q q q q qqq q qqq q qqq qq qqq q q q qq qqq q q q q q q q q q q q qq q q q q q qq qq q qqqqqqq qqqq qqqqqq qqqqqq qq q qqqq qqqqq qq q qq q q q q q q q qq q q qqq q q qq q q q qq qq q q q qq qqq q q q q q q q qqq qq q qqq q q qqqq qq q q q qqqqq qqqqqq q qqq qq qqqq qq qq q qq qqq q q q qq qqq qqq qqq qq q qq q q q q qq q q q q qqq qqq q q qqq qqqqqq q qq qq qq q qqqqqqq q q qq qqq q q q qq q q qq q q q q q q q qqqq qq qq qq qqqq qq q qq qq q q qq qqqq q q q qqqq q qq qqq qqq qqqq q q q q qq qqq q q q q q q q qqq q qq q qq q q q q q qq q qq qq qqq qq qqq q q q q qqq q qqqq q qqq q qqqqqqqq q q qq qqq qq q qq q q q qq q q q q qq q qq q q qqq q q q qq q q qqq q qq qqqq qqqqqq q qq qqq q q qqqqq qq qq q q q qqq qqqqq qqqq q qq qq q qq q q q q q qq q q q q q q q qqq q q qqqq qq q qqq qq qq q q qqq qqq q q qqqq qqq q qqq qqqqqqq qq qqqqqq q q q q q q qqq q qq qq qqqq q qq q q qq q qqq qqq qqq qq qqq q q qqq qqq q qq q qq q q q qqq q q qq q q q qq q q qqqqq qqqqq qqq q q qqqqqqqq qqq q qqqqqqqqq qq qqq q qqqq q q qq qq qq qq q q q q q q qq qq q q q qqq qqqqqq q qq q q qqqq q q qq q qq qqqq qqq q qqq q qqqqq q q q q qq q q qqq q qq q qq qq q q q q q q q q q q q qq q q q q qq q qq q q q q qq qq qq q q qq q q q q qq qqq qq q q qqq qq qqqq qq qqqq qqqq qqq q q q q q q qq q q qq qq qq qqqq q q qq qq q q qq qqq qqqq qq qq q qq qqqqqqqq q qq q q qq q q q qq q qqq q q qqqq q q qqq q q q q q q q qq q qq qqq q qq qqq qqqqqq qq qqqq q qq q q qq qq q qqqqqq q q q q q qq q q qqqq qqq qq qq q qq q q qq qqq q qq qq q q q q qq q qqq q qq q q q qq q q q qq q q qq q qq q q q q q qq q qqqq q qq q q qq qq q qq qq q q q qq q qq q qq qq q qqqq qqqqqqqqqqqq qqq q qq q q qq q q q qqqqqqq q q qq qq q q q qq q qq q q q q qq q qq q q q q q q q q q q qqq q qq qq q q q q q qq q qq qqq q q q qqq q q q q q q q q qq q qqq q q qq q qq q qq q qq q qq qq q q q q q q q q q qq q q qq q q q q q q q q qqq q qq q qq q q q q q q q qq qq qqq qq q q q q q q qqq q q q qq q qq qq q q q q q qq q q q q qq qq qq qq q q q qq q q q q q q q q q qq q q q q q q qq q qq qq q q qq q q qq q q q q q q q qq q q q q q q qq q q q q q q q q q qq q q q q q q q q q q 80 −15 −10 −5 0 5 10 15 Time before and after a major eathquake (magnitude >6.5) in days 3