The document summarizes various important artworks from ancient cultures around the world, including sculptures like the Lion Man and Woman of Willendorf from prehistoric Europe, the complex stone structures of Stonehenge, and early cave paintings from Pech-Merle Cave in France. It also describes architectural works such as the Ishtar Gate of Babylon, funerary structures like the tomb and funeral mask of King Tut from ancient Egypt, and painted reliefs depicting Egyptian royalty hunting, like the artwork of Ti watching a hippo hunt. The document provides brief contextual information on the significance and stylistic elements of each piece.

1. The lion man
Germany
Complex thinking creative
imagination

2. Woman from willendorf
Austria
Fertility statue

3. • Stonehenge
• Most complex from time period
• Likely ceremonial purposes, stones
transported to location

4. Spotted Horses and Human Hands
Pech-Merle Cave
Use of negative space

5. 12 votive figures
Square temple, Iraq
Images depicted to be gods
Followed conventions of
Sumerian art

6. Head of a man (Akkadian ruler)
Ninua, Iraq
Earliest known hollow cast sculpture
using the lost wax casting process

7. Ishtar Gate and Throne Room Wall
Symbolic of Babylonian power
Crenellations are notched walls
Notches are caled crenels, built as
military defense

8. King Tut Funeral Mask
• Made of gold
• Built to honor dead
• Shows beard, symbol
of power

9. Map of Ancient Egypt
Lower end near top because of how the nile flows (north to south)

10. Seated Scribe
Sculptors of Old Kingdom featured everyday people as well as
royals, scribes had high status in society

11. Ti Watching a Hippo Hunt
2450-2350 B.C.
Saqqara, Egypt (Lower)
Old Kingdom
from his mastaba
painted limestone relief
success in a hunt meant triumph over
evil, success in life
hierarchy of scale with Ti
represents bounty, wealth and leisure

12. Funerary Temple of Hatshepsut
Structure not intended to be tomb (ruler made to be put to rest in the
valley of the kings), positioned against high cliffs and oriented
towards the Great temple of Amun at Karnak, a few miles away from
the nile
Represents authority, union of nature and architecture, and antiquity

13. Judgement of Hunefer Before Osiris
Illustration from a Book of the Dead, 19th Dynasty
Book of Dead supposed to help those in afterlife, no 2 books the same, contains a
variety of spells,

14. Young Girl Gathering
Saffron Crocus
Flowers
Good eye for detail in
color selection and
surface detail, shows a
typical seen of a young
girl “becoming” a
woman

15. Knossos Interior
-with fresco walls (restored)
- Minoan columns
- reconstruction resembles 19th century
feeling, architectural bias
- past manipulated to function in the present

16. Bull’s Head Rhyton
Common subject of Minoan art,
No proof that bull was
worshipped as a God

17. Berlin Kore
1st Archaic korai, believed to be
a priestess or attendant, holds
a symbol of Persephone
demonstrates this change in
clothing style.
Due to the unique preservation
of this kore (thought to have
been wrapped in a sheet of
lead) traces of paint have been
found on the stone.

18. Kritos Boy
• Relaxed pose
• Lifelike
• Contrappasto (weight
shifted)

19. Aphrodite of Melos
• Classical styles
• Heavier set
• Shows beauty
• Intricate detail of
fabric

20. Charioteer
Classical
bronze, idealized youth
commemorated a victory by a drive
in the Pythian Games

21. Old Woman
It probably represents an aged
courtesan on her way to a festival of
Dionysos, the god of wine.
Veneration of Dionysos was widespread
during the Hellenistic period, and
ancient literary descriptions give an idea
of the extraordinary processions and
festivals held in his honor. The flattened
composition of the figure is typical of
sculpture created in the late second
century B.C. The original work may
have been dedicated in a sanctuary of
Dionysos. The Roman copy could have
decorated a garden.

22. Reclining Couple on a sarcophagus
Made of terra cotta, evolved from earlier terra cotta cinerary
Husband and wife featured
Features earthly comforts for the dead

23. Pont du Gard, France
Carried water, aquaduct
Used flow of gravity
Conveys balance, proportions,
rhythmic harmony of great work
of art, fits in with landscape

24. Pantheon
Rome
Designed and constructed during reign of Hadrian, empty space gives
the feeling that one could rise upward and escape the spherical
hollow of the building to commune with the gods
Sophisticated design
609 AD Pope dedicated it to Saint Mary of the Martyrs, keeping it
alive in the middle ages

25. Garden Vista Villa
• Fresco
• Rome
• Peace, calm
• Shows environment

26. Wall with Torah Niche
House-synagoguge, Syria. 244-245 AD
1st Dura-Europus synagogue
men and women shared hall, contained residents rooms

27. Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus
Junius Bassus was a high-ranking Roman official, who served in
the Roman senate and held the office of "Praefectus Urbi" for
Rome, more or less what we would consider as the office of the
Mayor. As a politician from a prominent family, upon his death,
he would have had a memorial bust displayed in a prominent
public place, like in the Forum or along the Appian Way. Instead,
his elaborately sculpted sarcophagus was his memorial, with
scenes depicting stories from both the New and Old
Testaments....

28. The Good Shepherd
Significant changes in content and design, conception of Jesus has
changed
Young adult, halo, imperial robes
Stylized elements of landscape