Sleep deprivation is defined as any significant loss of sleep resulting in problems with concentration and irritability. Insufficient sleep has been linked to increased risk of illness, accidents, chronic disease and negative emotions. Sleep is important for restoring the body and is essential for cognitive functioning, especially in developing children and adolescents where lack of sleep can impair development and behavior. Poor sleep is also associated with lower academic performance in college students and increased risk of accidents in shift workers due to fatigue.

2. What is Sleep Deprivation?
 Sleep Deprivation-any significant loss of
sleep, resulting in problems in
concentration and irritability
 Symptoms of sleep deprivation
Trembling hands
Inattention
Staring off into space
Droopy eyelids
General discomfort

3. Negative Effects of Sleep Deprivation
 Sleep Deprivation Video

4. What is sleep, and why do we
need it?
 Sleep-the natural periodic suspension of
consciousness during which the powers of
the body are restored
 Sleep length has been associated with
subjective and psychological well-being, as
well as overall life satisfaction
 If the quantity of sleep is not of sufficient
quality it will impact waking activities and
could even affect long-term health
 Individuals sleeping 6 hours or less a night
have a 70% higher mortality rate than
those who sleep 7 or 8 hours

5. Health Issues
 Insufficient sleep has been linked to
lack of stress management skills
Increased risk of colds and infections
occupational and traffic accidents
Chronic disease
Heightened levels of negative emotion
states such as depression, anger, sadness,
and fear

6. Effect on children
 Research suggests that sleep is even more
critical for adolescents as their bodies and
brains are experiencing rapid growth and
development
 Lack of sleep in developing children have
demonstrated deficits in cognition and deficits
in working memory and attention
 Shorter sleep time has been associated with
externalizing problems, delinquency, thought
disorder in children aged 7-12 years
 Children sleeping almost 1 hour less than the
average child may be at risk of significant
conduct difficulties

7. Effect on College Students
 Sleep deprivation and poor sleep quality are
particularly prominent in young adult and
college student populations
 Research shows that there is a relationship
between poor sleep quality and lower
academic performance
 Sleep loss results in a preference for cognitive
tasks demanding minimal effort so that
adequate performance can be maintained
 Sleep may also constrain the academic,
extracurricular, and perhaps even the
vocational choices of at least some sleep-
deprived students

8. Effect on Shift Workers
 Third shift captain piloted his vessel into shallow
water where it ran aground, spilling its cargo of oil
into the ocean due to how tired he was to respond to
the two warnings from the lookout
 Shift work reduces both the quality and the quantity
of sleep
 Sleepy individuals are less ambitious and less
productive
 Sleep loss impairs performance on cognitive tasks
involving memory, learning, logical reasoning, etc.
 Sleep length is decreased by 1-4 hours when one is
required to sleep during the day

9. References
 Ciccarelli, S., & White, J. (2012). Psychology. (3 ed., pp.
131-133). Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall.
 Clinkinbeard, S. (2010). Sleep and Delinquency: Does
the Amount of Sleep Matter? J Youth Adolescence
vol. 40, no. 7 (Jul 2011), 916-930
 Gilbert, S. P., & Weaver, C. C. (2010). Sleep Quality and
Academic Performance in University Students: A
Wake-Up Call for College Psychologists. Journal
Of College Student Psychotherapy, 24(4), 295-306.
 Holley, S. S., Hill, C. M., & Stevenson, J. J. (2011). An
hour less sleep is a risk factor for childhood
conduct problems. Child: Care, Health & Development,
37(4), 563-570.
 Oexman, R. D., Knotts, T. L., & Koch, J. (2002).
Working While the World Sleeps: A Consideration of
Sleep and Shift Work Design. Employee Responsibilities
& Rights Journal, 14(4), 145-157.

10. References
 Ciccarelli, S., & White, J. (2012). Psychology. (3 ed., pp.
131-133). Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall.
 Clinkinbeard, S. (2010). Sleep and Delinquency: Does
the Amount of Sleep Matter? J Youth Adolescence
vol. 40, no. 7 (Jul 2011), 916-930
 Gilbert, S. P., & Weaver, C. C. (2010). Sleep Quality and
Academic Performance in University Students: A
Wake-Up Call for College Psychologists. Journal
Of College Student Psychotherapy, 24(4), 295-306.
 Holley, S. S., Hill, C. M., & Stevenson, J. J. (2011). An
hour less sleep is a risk factor for childhood
conduct problems. Child: Care, Health & Development,
37(4), 563-570.
 Oexman, R. D., Knotts, T. L., & Koch, J. (2002).
Working While the World Sleeps: A Consideration of
Sleep and Shift Work Design. Employee Responsibilities
& Rights Journal, 14(4), 145-157.