True-false questions require students to judge whether statements are true or false. Guidelines for constructing true-false questions include using clear, unambiguous statements and avoiding clues that may give away the answer. True-false questions can reliably and efficiently measure a wide variety of learning outcomes and are well-suited for questions with only two possible answers or testing for common misconceptions. Examples demonstrate good true-false questions are concise and avoid unnecessary details, while poor questions contain unnecessary information or negatives that make the statement hard to judge.
Writing True/False, Binary Choice, and Interpretive Exercises Test ItemsMr. Ronald Quileste, PhD
In this presentation, the pre-service teachers are taught what are these types of pen-and-paper tests, disadvantages and advantages, as well as the rules on how to write them.
This document provides instructions and examples for constructing a completion test, which requires test-takers to fill in blanks with words or phrases. It outlines several rules to follow, such as giving reasonable context for the desired response, avoiding clues in wording or blank length, and arranging items to facilitate scoring. Sample test items are included to demonstrate proper formatting. The goal is to design a test that accurately measures knowledge without unintentionally cueing respondents.
Contains definitions, examples and pros and cons that will helped not only education students but also other courses.
hope this will help a lot on your study or report!
This document discusses true/false tests, including:
- True/false questions present declarative statements that students must identify as true or false.
- It provides 11 rules for constructing effective true/false test items, such as avoiding hints, tricky words, double negatives, long sentences, and using a similar number of true and false statements.
- The advantages and disadvantages of true/false tests are mentioned but not described.
True or false questions are binary choice test items that require examinees to indicate whether statements are true or false. Constructing good true or false questions follows several rules: statements should not contain hints to the answer, avoid absolute terms like "always" and "never", keep sentences short to prevent giving clues away, don't include minor errors or tricks, don't quote verbatim from sources, and avoid strong determiners that make statements more likely to be true or false. Well-made true or false questions are balanced and avoid patterns that could allow guessing the answers.
This type of test consist of a series of items which requires the learners to fill a word or phrase on the blanks and the sentences may be disconnected or organized into a graph. This is also called the fill in the blank type of test.
The completion test may be defined as a series of sentences in which certain important words or phrases have been omitted and blanks submitted for the pupil to fill in.
A sentence may contain a simple blank, or it may contain two or more blanks. The sentences in the test may be disconnected.
Measures both knowledge and comprehension of the subject matter.
True-false questions require students to judge whether statements are true or false. Guidelines for constructing true-false questions include using clear, unambiguous statements and avoiding clues that may give away the answer. True-false questions can reliably and efficiently measure a wide variety of learning outcomes and are well-suited for questions with only two possible answers or testing for common misconceptions. Examples demonstrate good true-false questions are concise and avoid unnecessary details, while poor questions contain unnecessary information or negatives that make the statement hard to judge.
Writing True/False, Binary Choice, and Interpretive Exercises Test ItemsMr. Ronald Quileste, PhD
In this presentation, the pre-service teachers are taught what are these types of pen-and-paper tests, disadvantages and advantages, as well as the rules on how to write them.
This document provides instructions and examples for constructing a completion test, which requires test-takers to fill in blanks with words or phrases. It outlines several rules to follow, such as giving reasonable context for the desired response, avoiding clues in wording or blank length, and arranging items to facilitate scoring. Sample test items are included to demonstrate proper formatting. The goal is to design a test that accurately measures knowledge without unintentionally cueing respondents.
Contains definitions, examples and pros and cons that will helped not only education students but also other courses.
hope this will help a lot on your study or report!
This document discusses true/false tests, including:
- True/false questions present declarative statements that students must identify as true or false.
- It provides 11 rules for constructing effective true/false test items, such as avoiding hints, tricky words, double negatives, long sentences, and using a similar number of true and false statements.
- The advantages and disadvantages of true/false tests are mentioned but not described.
True or false questions are binary choice test items that require examinees to indicate whether statements are true or false. Constructing good true or false questions follows several rules: statements should not contain hints to the answer, avoid absolute terms like "always" and "never", keep sentences short to prevent giving clues away, don't include minor errors or tricks, don't quote verbatim from sources, and avoid strong determiners that make statements more likely to be true or false. Well-made true or false questions are balanced and avoid patterns that could allow guessing the answers.
This type of test consist of a series of items which requires the learners to fill a word or phrase on the blanks and the sentences may be disconnected or organized into a graph. This is also called the fill in the blank type of test.
The completion test may be defined as a series of sentences in which certain important words or phrases have been omitted and blanks submitted for the pupil to fill in.
A sentence may contain a simple blank, or it may contain two or more blanks. The sentences in the test may be disconnected.
Measures both knowledge and comprehension of the subject matter.
The document discusses the process of item analysis and validation for ensuring a useful and functional test. It describes analyzing test items for difficulty index and discrimination index based on the performance of upper and lower scoring students. Items are categorized by difficulty and discrimination for revision or removal. Validation involves checking the test's content validity with experts, criterion-related validity by comparing to other tests, and reliability using methods like split-half reliability. The goal is to analyze how well items measure the intended objectives and how consistently the test scores perform.
The document discusses best practices for constructing tests and writing test questions. It provides guidelines for developing multiple choice, true/false, matching, and essay questions. Key aspects addressed include writing clear questions, avoiding negatives, ensuring answer options are similar in length and structure, and using distractors that could plausibly be chosen. The document emphasizes the importance of validity, reliability, and usability in test design.
The document discusses developing and improving classroom-based assessments. It provides definitions of assessment and classroom-based assessment, noting that assessment is an integral part of instruction that enhances student learning. Various types of assessment tools are described, including tests, performance assessments, portfolios, observations, and self-reports. Guidelines are provided for planning assessments, selecting test items, constructing different item types like multiple choice and essay, and improving assessments through analysis and collaboration with colleagues.
This document provides guidelines for constructing different types of assessment items, including true-false, multiple choice, matching, and essay questions. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each type. For true-false items, it outlines seven rules, such as avoiding absolute terms like "always" and "never." For multiple choice, it recommends keeping stems and options concise. When constructing matching questions, it suggests including more choices than premises. Essay items allow for assessing higher-order thinking but are time-consuming to score.
This document discusses different ways to categorize tests, including by mode of response (oral, written, performance), ease of quantification of responses (objective vs. subjective), mode of administration (individual vs. group), test constructor (standardized vs. unstandardized), and mode of interpreting results (norm-referenced vs. criterion-referenced). Tests can be categorized based on whether responses are oral, written, or performance-based. Objective tests with quantifiable responses can be compared to yield scores, while subjective tests allow divergent answers like essays. Tests are also categorized by whether they are administered to individuals or groups, and whether they are standardized with established procedures or unstandardized for classroom use.
Different types of Test
Why do We give tests?
Kinds of tests
Other categories of tests
Two Types of Test (Questions)
Subjective Test Samples
Essay
Types of Essay Items
Matching type
Completion Type
Portfolio assessment has several benefits over traditional testing methods:
1) It matches the assessment of student work to classroom activities and discussions, rather than being separate from classroom learning.
2) The goals are clear to both teachers and students from the beginning, and students ensure their portfolios demonstrate achievement of these goals.
3) It provides a more comprehensive profile of student abilities by showcasing depth, breadth, and growth of learning over time without test pressures.
The document discusses the differences between traditional and authentic assessment. Traditional assessment uses standardized tests to measure correctness, while authentic assessment aims to measure thinking processes and meaningful application of skills through tasks like portfolios, discussions, and interviews. It provides steps for creating authentic assessments, including identifying standards, selecting real-world tasks, establishing criteria, and designing rubrics to evaluate student performance holistically or analytically.
This document summarizes key points from a presentation on new literacies. It defines new literacies as socially recognized ways of communicating and making meaning through encoded texts. Literacy now involves skills like critically evaluating online information from multiple sources and communicating through new media. Effective teaching approaches engage students in inquiry-based learning using tools like multimedia, help children develop lifelong learning skills, and leverage students' existing new literacy skills in a collaborative classroom.
Binary-choice questions are a type of selected-response item that can assess higher-level reasoning and critical thinking through true/false, yes/no, or other binary options. They are more reliable than other selected-response items and efficient for teachers while still allowing for deep reasoning skills to be measured. When constructing binary-choice items, the document recommends phrasing the question so that a superficial analysis suggests the wrong answer, avoiding negative statements, focusing on one concept per item, and keeping item length consistent.
This document provides guidance on creating alternative-response tests, also known as true-false tests, including their definition, uses, and suggestions for constructing effective true-false items. An alternative-response test consists of declarative statements that students mark as true or false. There should be an underlined word or phrase that needs correcting for the statement to be considered true. True-false items can measure a student's ability to identify factual statements, distinguish facts from opinions, and recognize cause-and-effect relationships. When constructing items, statements should be specific and avoid negatives, long sentences, multiple ideas in one statement, and trivial content. True and false statements should be about equal in length.
The document provides information on different types of assessment tools:
1) Multiple choice tests, true/false tests, matching tests, completion tests, cloze tests, and essay tests. Advantages and disadvantages of each type are discussed.
2) Guidance is given on writing questions for each test type, including pointers on style, structure, and content.
3) References are provided on assessment and measuring student learning outcomes. The document aims to help in developing different assessment tools.
MISOSA and e-IMPACT are alternative delivery mode systems that address issues of access and quality in education. MISOSA addresses overcrowding through off-site learning using self-instructional materials supervised by teacher facilitators. e-IMPACT enables complete levels through community learning centers and small group spaces using modular materials. e-IMPACT emphasizes community and student collaboration while MISOSA uses large classes and self-study. Both aim to develop independent learning, but e-IMPACT stresses intrinsic motivation and confidence more than MISOSA.
This document defines and describes matching type tests. It begins by defining matching type tests as objective tests consisting of two sets of items that must be matched based on a specified attribute. It notes they measure the ability to identify relationships between similar items.
The document then provides more details on the structure and components of matching type tests, including that they have two columns - a premises column with items to be matched and a response column with potential matches. It discusses advantages like being more representative and removing subjective scoring. It also outlines disadvantages such as encouraging memorization without understanding.
Finally, the document provides guidelines for constructing effective matching type tests, including using clear directions, ensuring homogeneity, and using an imperfect match structure when possible.
Human environmental factors affecting motivationmaryrosedomato
Teachers, classmates, and parents make up the key human environmental factors that can influence a student's motivation. Effective teachers display caring, fairness, positive social interactions, enthusiasm for teaching and learning, positive attitudes, and reflective practices. Classmates can either boost motivation through a sense of belonging, or hurt it through bullying. Supportive parents follow their child's progress, help with schoolwork, communicate with teachers, and foster social connections.
This document discusses different types of objective tests that can be used to assess student learning, including selection, arrangement, matching, multiple choice, alternate response, key list, interpretative exercises, and essay tests. It provides examples for each type and describes their characteristics. The types vary in their structure and format, from arranging terms in order, to matching items, to answering multiple choice or true/false questions. The document emphasizes that teachers should choose the test type based on the learning outcomes being assessed and time available.
Process and product performane-based assessment Dianopesidas
This document discusses process-oriented and product-oriented performance-based assessment. Process-oriented assessment evaluates the actual task performance and does not emphasize the output. It aims to understand the processes a person uses to complete a task. Product-oriented assessment focuses on the final product and output, and evaluates it based on levels of performance like novice, skilled, and expert. Both types of assessment require carefully designing learning tasks and creating rubrics with criteria, levels of performance, and descriptors to consistently score students.
Identifying Test Objective (Assessment of Learning) - CES report 011114mcdelmundo
This document discusses different types of tests used to assess student learning. It describes single-subject tests that evaluate individual subjects like math or language. It also discusses multi-subject standardized tests that measure learning across subjects based on grade-level norms. Another section covers alternative assessments like projects and portfolios that are designed by teachers. The document provides details on achievement tests, norm-referenced tests, criterion-referenced tests, and other test formats, purposes, and categories. It outlines characteristics of written tests using various question types as well as non-written tests involving physical performance.
This document discusses assessment in education. It defines assessment as obtaining information about student performance and achievement. It discusses different types of assessment including formative assessment, summative assessment, and diagnostic assessment. It also discusses key concepts in educational assessment including measurement, evaluation, variables, indicators, and factors. Principles of good assessment practice and the assessment cycle are also summarized.
The document outlines 9 principles of high quality assessment:
1. Clarity of learning targets - assessments should clearly define what knowledge, skills, and abilities are being measured.
2. Appropriateness of assessment methods - the right methods like written tests, projects, and observations should be used to match the learning targets.
3. Validity, reliability, fairness, positive consequences, practicality/efficiency, and ethics - assessments should have these key properties to be effective and accurate measures of learning.
This document provides information on alternate-choice items, their nature and variations, advantages and limitations, principles for constructing tests, and tips for test taking. Alternate-choice items include multiple choice, true-false, yes-no, checklist, and other formats that require selecting from two or more options. They can test recall and comprehension efficiently but are more susceptible to guessing than other item types. When constructing tests, items should be clear, concise, free of bias, varied in difficulty, and avoid negatives or complex sentences. Students should read carefully and watch for qualifiers when answering alternate-choice items.
The document discusses different types of test items, including true/false, multiple choice, essay, and short answer items. It provides advantages and disadvantages of each type. For true/false items, it lists rules for constructing effective items, such as basing statements on absolute truths and avoiding double negatives. Guidelines are provided for using different item types, like using multiple choice when wanting to test breadth of learning or having limited scoring time. Essay items are best when wanting to evaluate a test taker's ability to formulate answers or apply concepts to new situations.
The document discusses the process of item analysis and validation for ensuring a useful and functional test. It describes analyzing test items for difficulty index and discrimination index based on the performance of upper and lower scoring students. Items are categorized by difficulty and discrimination for revision or removal. Validation involves checking the test's content validity with experts, criterion-related validity by comparing to other tests, and reliability using methods like split-half reliability. The goal is to analyze how well items measure the intended objectives and how consistently the test scores perform.
The document discusses best practices for constructing tests and writing test questions. It provides guidelines for developing multiple choice, true/false, matching, and essay questions. Key aspects addressed include writing clear questions, avoiding negatives, ensuring answer options are similar in length and structure, and using distractors that could plausibly be chosen. The document emphasizes the importance of validity, reliability, and usability in test design.
The document discusses developing and improving classroom-based assessments. It provides definitions of assessment and classroom-based assessment, noting that assessment is an integral part of instruction that enhances student learning. Various types of assessment tools are described, including tests, performance assessments, portfolios, observations, and self-reports. Guidelines are provided for planning assessments, selecting test items, constructing different item types like multiple choice and essay, and improving assessments through analysis and collaboration with colleagues.
This document provides guidelines for constructing different types of assessment items, including true-false, multiple choice, matching, and essay questions. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each type. For true-false items, it outlines seven rules, such as avoiding absolute terms like "always" and "never." For multiple choice, it recommends keeping stems and options concise. When constructing matching questions, it suggests including more choices than premises. Essay items allow for assessing higher-order thinking but are time-consuming to score.
This document discusses different ways to categorize tests, including by mode of response (oral, written, performance), ease of quantification of responses (objective vs. subjective), mode of administration (individual vs. group), test constructor (standardized vs. unstandardized), and mode of interpreting results (norm-referenced vs. criterion-referenced). Tests can be categorized based on whether responses are oral, written, or performance-based. Objective tests with quantifiable responses can be compared to yield scores, while subjective tests allow divergent answers like essays. Tests are also categorized by whether they are administered to individuals or groups, and whether they are standardized with established procedures or unstandardized for classroom use.
Different types of Test
Why do We give tests?
Kinds of tests
Other categories of tests
Two Types of Test (Questions)
Subjective Test Samples
Essay
Types of Essay Items
Matching type
Completion Type
Portfolio assessment has several benefits over traditional testing methods:
1) It matches the assessment of student work to classroom activities and discussions, rather than being separate from classroom learning.
2) The goals are clear to both teachers and students from the beginning, and students ensure their portfolios demonstrate achievement of these goals.
3) It provides a more comprehensive profile of student abilities by showcasing depth, breadth, and growth of learning over time without test pressures.
The document discusses the differences between traditional and authentic assessment. Traditional assessment uses standardized tests to measure correctness, while authentic assessment aims to measure thinking processes and meaningful application of skills through tasks like portfolios, discussions, and interviews. It provides steps for creating authentic assessments, including identifying standards, selecting real-world tasks, establishing criteria, and designing rubrics to evaluate student performance holistically or analytically.
This document summarizes key points from a presentation on new literacies. It defines new literacies as socially recognized ways of communicating and making meaning through encoded texts. Literacy now involves skills like critically evaluating online information from multiple sources and communicating through new media. Effective teaching approaches engage students in inquiry-based learning using tools like multimedia, help children develop lifelong learning skills, and leverage students' existing new literacy skills in a collaborative classroom.
Binary-choice questions are a type of selected-response item that can assess higher-level reasoning and critical thinking through true/false, yes/no, or other binary options. They are more reliable than other selected-response items and efficient for teachers while still allowing for deep reasoning skills to be measured. When constructing binary-choice items, the document recommends phrasing the question so that a superficial analysis suggests the wrong answer, avoiding negative statements, focusing on one concept per item, and keeping item length consistent.
This document provides guidance on creating alternative-response tests, also known as true-false tests, including their definition, uses, and suggestions for constructing effective true-false items. An alternative-response test consists of declarative statements that students mark as true or false. There should be an underlined word or phrase that needs correcting for the statement to be considered true. True-false items can measure a student's ability to identify factual statements, distinguish facts from opinions, and recognize cause-and-effect relationships. When constructing items, statements should be specific and avoid negatives, long sentences, multiple ideas in one statement, and trivial content. True and false statements should be about equal in length.
The document provides information on different types of assessment tools:
1) Multiple choice tests, true/false tests, matching tests, completion tests, cloze tests, and essay tests. Advantages and disadvantages of each type are discussed.
2) Guidance is given on writing questions for each test type, including pointers on style, structure, and content.
3) References are provided on assessment and measuring student learning outcomes. The document aims to help in developing different assessment tools.
MISOSA and e-IMPACT are alternative delivery mode systems that address issues of access and quality in education. MISOSA addresses overcrowding through off-site learning using self-instructional materials supervised by teacher facilitators. e-IMPACT enables complete levels through community learning centers and small group spaces using modular materials. e-IMPACT emphasizes community and student collaboration while MISOSA uses large classes and self-study. Both aim to develop independent learning, but e-IMPACT stresses intrinsic motivation and confidence more than MISOSA.
This document defines and describes matching type tests. It begins by defining matching type tests as objective tests consisting of two sets of items that must be matched based on a specified attribute. It notes they measure the ability to identify relationships between similar items.
The document then provides more details on the structure and components of matching type tests, including that they have two columns - a premises column with items to be matched and a response column with potential matches. It discusses advantages like being more representative and removing subjective scoring. It also outlines disadvantages such as encouraging memorization without understanding.
Finally, the document provides guidelines for constructing effective matching type tests, including using clear directions, ensuring homogeneity, and using an imperfect match structure when possible.
Human environmental factors affecting motivationmaryrosedomato
Teachers, classmates, and parents make up the key human environmental factors that can influence a student's motivation. Effective teachers display caring, fairness, positive social interactions, enthusiasm for teaching and learning, positive attitudes, and reflective practices. Classmates can either boost motivation through a sense of belonging, or hurt it through bullying. Supportive parents follow their child's progress, help with schoolwork, communicate with teachers, and foster social connections.
This document discusses different types of objective tests that can be used to assess student learning, including selection, arrangement, matching, multiple choice, alternate response, key list, interpretative exercises, and essay tests. It provides examples for each type and describes their characteristics. The types vary in their structure and format, from arranging terms in order, to matching items, to answering multiple choice or true/false questions. The document emphasizes that teachers should choose the test type based on the learning outcomes being assessed and time available.
Process and product performane-based assessment Dianopesidas
This document discusses process-oriented and product-oriented performance-based assessment. Process-oriented assessment evaluates the actual task performance and does not emphasize the output. It aims to understand the processes a person uses to complete a task. Product-oriented assessment focuses on the final product and output, and evaluates it based on levels of performance like novice, skilled, and expert. Both types of assessment require carefully designing learning tasks and creating rubrics with criteria, levels of performance, and descriptors to consistently score students.
Identifying Test Objective (Assessment of Learning) - CES report 011114mcdelmundo
This document discusses different types of tests used to assess student learning. It describes single-subject tests that evaluate individual subjects like math or language. It also discusses multi-subject standardized tests that measure learning across subjects based on grade-level norms. Another section covers alternative assessments like projects and portfolios that are designed by teachers. The document provides details on achievement tests, norm-referenced tests, criterion-referenced tests, and other test formats, purposes, and categories. It outlines characteristics of written tests using various question types as well as non-written tests involving physical performance.
This document discusses assessment in education. It defines assessment as obtaining information about student performance and achievement. It discusses different types of assessment including formative assessment, summative assessment, and diagnostic assessment. It also discusses key concepts in educational assessment including measurement, evaluation, variables, indicators, and factors. Principles of good assessment practice and the assessment cycle are also summarized.
The document outlines 9 principles of high quality assessment:
1. Clarity of learning targets - assessments should clearly define what knowledge, skills, and abilities are being measured.
2. Appropriateness of assessment methods - the right methods like written tests, projects, and observations should be used to match the learning targets.
3. Validity, reliability, fairness, positive consequences, practicality/efficiency, and ethics - assessments should have these key properties to be effective and accurate measures of learning.
This document provides information on alternate-choice items, their nature and variations, advantages and limitations, principles for constructing tests, and tips for test taking. Alternate-choice items include multiple choice, true-false, yes-no, checklist, and other formats that require selecting from two or more options. They can test recall and comprehension efficiently but are more susceptible to guessing than other item types. When constructing tests, items should be clear, concise, free of bias, varied in difficulty, and avoid negatives or complex sentences. Students should read carefully and watch for qualifiers when answering alternate-choice items.
The document discusses different types of test items, including true/false, multiple choice, essay, and short answer items. It provides advantages and disadvantages of each type. For true/false items, it lists rules for constructing effective items, such as basing statements on absolute truths and avoiding double negatives. Guidelines are provided for using different item types, like using multiple choice when wanting to test breadth of learning or having limited scoring time. Essay items are best when wanting to evaluate a test taker's ability to formulate answers or apply concepts to new situations.
The document provides examples of different types of test questions that can be used to assess student learning, including multiple choice, true/false, matching, and essay questions. It includes sample questions for each type as well as instructions for how to structure and score the questions. The final section provides a sample lesson plan and rubric for an essay activity asking students to classify foods into food groups and provide examples.
Bloom’s taxonomy, cognitive, psychomotor, and AffectiveMitha Ye Es
This document discusses Bloom's taxonomy, which classifies learning objectives into cognitive, psychomotor, and affective domains. The cognitive domain ranges from basic recall or knowledge to more sophisticated skills like analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. The psychomotor domain involves physical skills from basic modeling to teaching others. The affective domain encompasses attitudes, behaviors, and values, from basic awareness to internalizing values as part of one's character. The document provides examples of verbs that could be used to write learning objectives at each level of the domains to help faculty develop effective student outcomes that assess higher-order thinking.
This document discusses exam technique for answering questions on prestige and language variation. It covers overt and covert prestige, the types of prestige associated with education, wealth, and class. Solidarity and identity prestige are discussed. Language phenomena like anti-language, pidginization, and creolization are mentioned. The document lists sociolinguists like Edwards, Cheshire, Trudgill, Labov, Sebba, and Fox. Attributes linked to language variation include aesthetic appeal, correctness, laziness, status, intelligence, and trustworthiness.
The document provides guidelines for constructing effective true-false test items. It outlines 7 rules of thumb: 1) Do not provide hints in the statement, 2) Avoid absolute terms like "always" and "never", 3) Keep statements short to avoid ambiguity, 4) Avoid trick questions with minor errors, 5) Do not quote textbooks verbatim, 6) Avoid strong determiners that make the statement obviously true or false, and 7) Do not have an unbalanced number of true and false statements. Following these rules can help create true-false items that reliably discriminate between students who know the material and those guessing.
The document discusses multiple choice questions, including their history, characteristics, advantages, disadvantages, limitations, and tips for writing good questions. It notes that multiple choice questions are widely used in educational testing and can assess a broad range of content efficiently but require careful writing to avoid flaws like grammatical inconsistencies between options. Good questions should sample important concepts and have answer difficulty distributed appropriately.
This document discusses different types of tests used in educational and psychological assessment. It provides descriptions of intelligence tests, personality tests, aptitude tests, prognostic tests, performance tests, diagnostic tests, achievement tests, preference tests, scale tests, speed tests, power tests, standardized tests, teacher-made tests, and placement tests. It also includes sample items from personality tests to assess traits like extraversion, decision-making style, and emotionality.
The document discusses matching test items which involve presenting a column of stimuli on the left side of the page and corresponding responses on the right side that students must match. It provides examples of matching test items and discusses advantages like allowing teachers to cover more content efficiently. Disadvantages include difficulty measuring higher-order learning objectives. Guidelines are provided for writing clear directions and using homogeneous, systematically ordered materials to construct effective matching items.
There are several types of tests used to measure student performance and abilities, including diagnostic tests, proficiency tests, achievement tests, aptitude tests, placement tests, personality tests, and intelligence tests. Tests can also be objective or subjective, oral or written, criterion-referenced or norm-referenced, formative or summative, and administered individually or to groups. The document provides descriptions of the various types of tests.
Completion and short answer items measure knowledge, application of facts, theories, and principles by having students answer fill-in-the-blank or short answer questions. They can be easy to write but time consuming to score due to subjective nature of scoring and possibility of unintended responses. Scoring issues include partially correct answers, spelling errors, and determining credit for answers that are right but not what teacher intended.
This document discusses different types of test items that can be used to assess students, including matching, multiple choice, and essay questions. For matching questions, students match items in column A to column B. Multiple choice questions consist of a stem and a blank for the answer. Essay questions allow students to organize their thoughts on a subject and are used to assess higher-order thinking skills. When using essay questions, teachers should provide keywords, grading criteria, and a time limit to focus students' responses. It also recommends that teachers grade all answers to one question before moving to the next and do so without knowing the identity of the student.
This document discusses objective tests, including what they are, their categories and types. Objective tests are those where the scoring rules do not allow for subjective judgments. They have selected and constructed response formats. Some common types are true/false, multiple choice, matching, fill-in-the-blank, and labeling. Objective tests are easier to score objectively but can only measure factual knowledge directly. They require careful construction to be effective.
This document provides guidance on developing effective classroom assessment tools. It discusses general principles of testing and assessment including measuring all learning objectives. It also outlines the steps to develop assessment tools, which include examining learning objectives, creating a table of specifications, constructing test items, assembling the test, and analyzing/improving the test items. The document describes different types of assessment tools like multiple choice tests, true/false, essays and their guidelines for effective creation. Overall, the document aims to help teachers create valid and reliable classroom assessments that accurately measure student learning.
Presentation regarding the definition of identification test; advantages & disadvantages; suggestions on how to make good tests.
Disclaimer: I do not claim ownership of the photos used in this slideshow.
The document discusses different types of assessment including formal, informal, and self-assessment. It then describes various types of tests such as diagnostic tools, formal tests, informal tests, summative tests, formative tests, norm-referenced tests, and criterion-referenced tests. The final section outlines principles of test construction including validity, reliability, objectivity, discrimination, comprehensiveness, ease of administration, practicality and scoring, and usability.
The document discusses matching type tests, which measure a learner's ability to identify relationships between sets of items. A matching type test presents two columns, with the first column (premises) numbered and the second column (responses) labeled with capital letters. It is effective for content with parallel concepts and can measure knowledge of terms and definitions, objects and labels, causes and effects, and other relationships. Advantages are objective measurement and comparing ideas, but it may overestimate learning due to guessing and be limited to lower understanding levels. The document provides rules for constructing matching type tests, such as putting more words in column A, arranging column B logically, using numbers for column A and letters for column B, and avoiding patterns in correct
1) A cloze test involves removing words from a text at regular intervals and having test takers fill in the blanks, while a C-test removes the second half of every second word.
2) Both aim to test reading comprehension, but C-tests allow for more items from shorter texts and can be scored more objectively.
3) Advantages of C-tests include allowing a representative sample of language elements, being less time-consuming for students than cloze tests, and having objective scoring. Disadvantages include lower face validity and potential focus on vocabulary over comprehension.
Item writing involves 8 key steps: 1) defining what is to be measured, 2) generating an item pool, 3) avoiding long items, 4) considering reading level, 5) avoiding double-barreled items, 6) mixing positively and negatively worded items, 7) considering cultural sensitivity, and 8) realizing items become obsolete. There are several item formats including dichotomous (true/false), polytomous (multiple choice), Likert scales, category scales, checklists, and Q-sorts. Each format has advantages and disadvantages for assessing different traits like knowledge, attitudes, or personalities. Careful item writing following best practices can help ensure accurate assessment of test takers.
Chapter 6: Writing Objective Test Items
1) What is an objective test items?
2) Examples of an objective test items
a) True or False
• Advantages & Disadvantages
• Suggestions for writing true or false test items
b) Matching Type
• Advantages & Disadvantages
• Suggestions for writing matching type test items
c) Multiple Choice
• Advantages & Disadvantages
• Suggestions for writing multiple choice test items
d) Completion Test
• Advantages & Disadvantages
• Suggestions for writing completion test items
3) Guidelines for writing test items
The document discusses different types of test items including objective, subjective, essay, and performance items. It provides guidance on choosing the appropriate test item based on the learning objective being assessed. It also provides suggestions for constructing different types of objective test items, including multiple choice, true-false, and matching items. Key considerations discussed include writing clear stems and alternatives, avoiding ambiguity, and ensuring only one correct answer.
Survey and interview are possible methods to collect data on job satisfaction. A survey or interview could ask respondents questions to determine their level of satisfaction with various aspects of their job in a structured way. Observations alone may not provide insight into peoples' subjective experiences of satisfaction.
The document provides guidelines for writing effective multiple choice questions. It discusses constructing a clear stem that presents a definite problem without irrelevant details. The alternatives should be plausible distractors that test the intended learning outcome. Distractors should reflect common student errors and be similar in length, grammar, and language to avoid clues. Both the stem and alternatives should be concise and focused on higher-order thinking. Guidelines are provided to help write effective distractors and avoid flaws like using "all of the above" or "none of the above" as options. Proper formatting and clear instructions are also important to create valid and reliable multiple choice assessments.
This document provides an overview of different types of objective test items including true/false, matching, multiple choice, and completion test items. It discusses the key characteristics of each type of item and provides suggestions for writing effective items. Some key points include:
- True/false items should avoid absolute terms and be clearly true or false without qualifications. Matching items should have homogeneous options and unambiguous questions.
- Multiple choice items should have a clear stem and plausible distractors. The correct answer should be the only logically correct choice.
- Completion items should require a single-word answer and omit only key terms.
- Advantages of objective items include ease of scoring and ability to test a wide range
This document discusses various types of educational tests and assessments. It defines different types of test items such as true/false, matching, and essay questions. It also covers topics like developing test objectives, writing clear questions, scoring responses, and analyzing results. Additionally, it outlines the advantages and disadvantages of both objective and essay style exams in evaluating student learning.
The document discusses various assessment methods including objective tests, essays, product rating scales, performance tests, oral questioning, and observation. Objective tests like multiple choice and true-false are best for lower-level objectives while essays test higher-level skills. Performance tests directly assess skills through demonstrations, experiments, or simulations. Oral questioning and observation can diagnose difficulties and interests but increase student anxiety. Checklists are used to measure performance on specific behaviors or skills. A variety of methods should be used to comprehensively assess students at different cognitive levels.
This document discusses various methods for collecting data and designing research instruments. It begins by outlining the objectives of helping students recognize the importance of data gathering and identifying various collection techniques. The document then discusses primary and secondary data sources, as well as instruments like interviews, questionnaires, observation, attitude scales, and tests. It provides advantages and limitations of each technique. The document also covers reliability, validity, and considerations for designing valid and reliable instruments.
This document provides guidance on constructing objective test items for different formats, including short answer, true/false, matching, and multiple choice. It discusses the characteristics, uses, advantages, limitations, and suggestions for writing each type of item to effectively measure student learning outcomes. Multiple choice items can measure both simple and complex outcomes like knowledge, understanding, and application. While objective tests are limited in scope, the multiple choice format in particular allows for flexibility in content and reliable, structured assessment when written carefully according to the guidelines.
Creating (more) effective tests and quizzes.spr.15Julie Sievers
The document discusses designing effective tests and quizzes. It provides tips for creating different types of assessment items, including supply items, true/false questions, multiple choice, matching and essay prompts. The document emphasizes writing clear, unambiguous questions that accurately measure learning objectives. It also stresses the importance of culturally responsive assessment practices to ensure equitable evaluation of all students.
Biology 100
Stephanie Burdett
Biology Department
Brigham Young University
Provo, Utah
Portfolio Question #4
The Logic of Hypothesis Testing
Important information about completing this assignment:
1. Please thoughtfully and carefully respond to each question and exercise. It is not important whether or not you are able to come up with the “right” answer. As you can see from the grading guide your work will be assessed based on your ability to think and work as a scientist!
2. Make sure you format your paper so that you’ve included titles for each part of the activity and that you submit your document properly
The Activity:
A. Title: Observations
· Record at least 4 observations:
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·
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B. Title: Question Development
· Write down at least 2 questions generated from your observations. Make sure the questions you pose are suitable for firsthand scientific investigation:
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C. Title: Constructing A Hypothesis
· Select one investigable question from the list you made in question B and use it to construct a hypothesis. Make sure you write a highly formalized hypothesis – If….then statement that focuses on a single independent variable and clearly shows its relationship to the dependent variable. Don’t forget to include a prediction:
D. Title: Experimental Design
· Design an experiment to test your hypothesis. Use bullet points to briefly describe your experimental protocol. You should carefully think about materials, methods, how you will control for extraneous variable, and the data you will collect:
E. Title: Data From The Experiment
· Think about the types of data (qualitative and quantitative) that you want to collect to provide evidence for the hypothesis. Collect suitable data and display it appropriately (graphically, textually, etc.)
· List strengths and weaknesses of this experiment (i.e. what variables weren’t appropriately controlled, etc.)
F. Title: Data Analysis – Conclusion
· Analyze your data. Provide at least 4 pieces of evidence from your analysis that either support or refute your hypothesis.
· Use bullet points to succinctly outline the main points of your conclusion:
G. Title: Recap
· Record at least 2 uncertainties you have(Use bullet points to give any reasons why you are not completely confident in your results/conclusion):
H. Title: Reflection
Review your notes from previous discussions and readings in the textbook to help you prepare your answers.
1. Record at One of the major tenets behind science is that any scientific hypothesis and the experimental design based on that hypothesis must be falsifiable. Briefly, provide an explanation for why falsifiability is the foundation of scientific experimentation and why this principle leads to scientific advancements in knowledge. Limit your answer to no more than 1 page, double-spaced, 12 point font.
2. Using the given vocabulary words where appropriate, summarize the process of turning an investigable question into a hypothes.
This file presents the different objective types of tests, their advantages and disadvantages, and the guidelines on how to construct these tests properly.
This document discusses various topics related to assessment of learning, including the key differences between measurement, evaluation, and testing. It also covers different types of tests such as subjective/essay tests, objective tests, teacher-made tests, diagnostic tests, formative tests, and summative tests. The document provides information on standardized tests, norms, criterion-referenced measures, and norm-referenced measures. It discusses important criteria for good examinations like validity, reliability, and objectivity. It also outlines the stages of test construction and major considerations when preparing a test.
1. Questionnaires are a technique for obtaining information from subjects through a series of questions. They can provide statistically useful data on a given topic in a relatively economical way by asking the same questions of all subjects and ensuring anonymity.
2. Properly designed questionnaires should be straightforward, clear, and limited in scope. Questions should determine the type of information needed, limit responses, and be distributed appropriately.
3. There are different types of questions including closed-ended, open-ended, contingency, and matrix questions. Closed-ended questions limit responses while open-ended questions allow free responses.
1. Questionnaires are a technique for obtaining information from subjects through a series of questions. They can provide statistically useful data on a given topic in a relatively economical way by asking the same questions to all subjects and ensuring anonymity.
2. Properly designed questionnaires should be straightforward, clear, and limited in scope. Questions should determine the type of information needed, limit responses, and be distributed appropriately.
3. Questionnaires can contain closed-ended, open-ended, contingency, or matrix questions. Closed-ended questions limit responses while open-ended questions allow free responses.
How you can get the best out of your next survey questionnaireKeith Meadows
QuesTReviewTM (incorporating our proprietary QuestAnalyzerTM diagnostic test) benchmarks the questionnaire against key parameters of good questionnaire design e.g. wording, sensitivity, appropriate response options etc. We use this information to create detailed feedback for the developer to provide an optimal version of the questionnaire prior to going into the field.
This document discusses different types of selection test items, including their purpose, characteristics, and limitations. It focuses on multiple choice questions (MCQs), matching items, and true/false items. For MCQs, it describes the components and how to write them effectively. For matching items, it provides guidelines and notes they are best for factual recall. True/false items are outlined as having strengths like efficiency but also weaknesses like guessing. The document aims to help students understand, evaluate, and construct different selection test items.
This presentation by Yong Lim, Professor of Economic Law at Seoul National University School of Law, was made during the discussion “Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/aicomp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Tim Capel, Director of the UK Information Commissioner’s Office Legal Service, was made during the discussion “The Intersection between Competition and Data Privacy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 13 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/ibcdp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
Why Psychological Safety Matters for Software Teams - ACE 2024 - Ben Linders.pdfBen Linders
Psychological safety in teams is important; team members must feel safe and able to communicate and collaborate effectively to deliver value. It’s also necessary to build long-lasting teams since things will happen and relationships will be strained.
But, how safe is a team? How can we determine if there are any factors that make the team unsafe or have an impact on the team’s culture?
In this mini-workshop, we’ll play games for psychological safety and team culture utilizing a deck of coaching cards, The Psychological Safety Cards. We will learn how to use gamification to gain a better understanding of what’s going on in teams. Individuals share what they have learned from working in teams, what has impacted the team’s safety and culture, and what has led to positive change.
Different game formats will be played in groups in parallel. Examples are an ice-breaker to get people talking about psychological safety, a constellation where people take positions about aspects of psychological safety in their team or organization, and collaborative card games where people work together to create an environment that fosters psychological safety.
This presentation by OECD, OECD Secretariat, was made during the discussion “Pro-competitive Industrial Policy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/pcip.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by OECD, OECD Secretariat, was made during the discussion “Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/aicomp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
Suzanne Lagerweij - Influence Without Power - Why Empathy is Your Best Friend...Suzanne Lagerweij
This is a workshop about communication and collaboration. We will experience how we can analyze the reasons for resistance to change (exercise 1) and practice how to improve our conversation style and be more in control and effective in the way we communicate (exercise 2).
This session will use Dave Gray’s Empathy Mapping, Argyris’ Ladder of Inference and The Four Rs from Agile Conversations (Squirrel and Fredrick).
Abstract:
Let’s talk about powerful conversations! We all know how to lead a constructive conversation, right? Then why is it so difficult to have those conversations with people at work, especially those in powerful positions that show resistance to change?
Learning to control and direct conversations takes understanding and practice.
We can combine our innate empathy with our analytical skills to gain a deeper understanding of complex situations at work. Join this session to learn how to prepare for difficult conversations and how to improve our agile conversations in order to be more influential without power. We will use Dave Gray’s Empathy Mapping, Argyris’ Ladder of Inference and The Four Rs from Agile Conversations (Squirrel and Fredrick).
In the session you will experience how preparing and reflecting on your conversation can help you be more influential at work. You will learn how to communicate more effectively with the people needed to achieve positive change. You will leave with a self-revised version of a difficult conversation and a practical model to use when you get back to work.
Come learn more on how to become a real influencer!
Carrer goals.pptx and their importance in real lifeartemacademy2
Career goals serve as a roadmap for individuals, guiding them toward achieving long-term professional aspirations and personal fulfillment. Establishing clear career goals enables professionals to focus their efforts on developing specific skills, gaining relevant experience, and making strategic decisions that align with their desired career trajectory. By setting both short-term and long-term objectives, individuals can systematically track their progress, make necessary adjustments, and stay motivated. Short-term goals often include acquiring new qualifications, mastering particular competencies, or securing a specific role, while long-term goals might encompass reaching executive positions, becoming industry experts, or launching entrepreneurial ventures.
Moreover, having well-defined career goals fosters a sense of purpose and direction, enhancing job satisfaction and overall productivity. It encourages continuous learning and adaptation, as professionals remain attuned to industry trends and evolving job market demands. Career goals also facilitate better time management and resource allocation, as individuals prioritize tasks and opportunities that advance their professional growth. In addition, articulating career goals can aid in networking and mentorship, as it allows individuals to communicate their aspirations clearly to potential mentors, colleagues, and employers, thereby opening doors to valuable guidance and support. Ultimately, career goals are integral to personal and professional development, driving individuals toward sustained success and fulfillment in their chosen fields.
This presentation by Juraj Čorba, Chair of OECD Working Party on Artificial Intelligence Governance (AIGO), was made during the discussion “Artificial Intelligence, Data and Competition” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 12 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/aicomp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Professor Giuseppe Colangelo, Jean Monnet Professor of European Innovation Policy, was made during the discussion “The Intersection between Competition and Data Privacy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 13 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/ibcdp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
Collapsing Narratives: Exploring Non-Linearity • a micro report by Rosie WellsRosie Wells
Insight: In a landscape where traditional narrative structures are giving way to fragmented and non-linear forms of storytelling, there lies immense potential for creativity and exploration.
'Collapsing Narratives: Exploring Non-Linearity' is a micro report from Rosie Wells.
Rosie Wells is an Arts & Cultural Strategist uniquely positioned at the intersection of grassroots and mainstream storytelling.
Their work is focused on developing meaningful and lasting connections that can drive social change.
Please download this presentation to enjoy the hyperlinks!
XP 2024 presentation: A New Look to Leadershipsamililja
Presentation slides from XP2024 conference, Bolzano IT. The slides describe a new view to leadership and combines it with anthro-complexity (aka cynefin).
The importance of sustainable and efficient computational practices in artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning has become increasingly critical. This webinar focuses on the intersection of sustainability and AI, highlighting the significance of energy-efficient deep learning, innovative randomization techniques in neural networks, the potential of reservoir computing, and the cutting-edge realm of neuromorphic computing. This webinar aims to connect theoretical knowledge with practical applications and provide insights into how these innovative approaches can lead to more robust, efficient, and environmentally conscious AI systems.
Webinar Speaker: Prof. Claudio Gallicchio, Assistant Professor, University of Pisa
Claudio Gallicchio is an Assistant Professor at the Department of Computer Science of the University of Pisa, Italy. His research involves merging concepts from Deep Learning, Dynamical Systems, and Randomized Neural Systems, and he has co-authored over 100 scientific publications on the subject. He is the founder of the IEEE CIS Task Force on Reservoir Computing, and the co-founder and chair of the IEEE Task Force on Randomization-based Neural Networks and Learning Systems. He is an associate editor of IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems (TNNLS).
This presentation by OECD, OECD Secretariat, was made during the discussion “The Intersection between Competition and Data Privacy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 13 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/ibcdp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Katharine Kemp, Associate Professor at the Faculty of Law & Justice at UNSW Sydney, was made during the discussion “The Intersection between Competition and Data Privacy” held at the 143rd meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 13 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found at oe.cd/ibcdp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
The Intersection between Competition and Data Privacy – KEMP – June 2024 OECD...
Simple true or false
1.
2. Simple
Arlene R. Del Rosario
Jacquilyn Javier
IV – BSEd Social Studies
Dr. Renato E. Salcedo
Subject Instructor
3. What is a
Simple True or False?
Alternative choice test in which the
student or examinee indicates
whether each of several statements is
true or false.
Binomial – choice tests and tests that
have only (2) options.
4. There are three forms
of true and false:
Simple - two choices only
Complex - more than two choices
Compound - two choices plus
conditional completion response.
5. Guidelines in Using
Simple True or False
Write items that test significant material, not
trivial details.
The correct answer should require the specialized
knowledge being tested, not common sense.
Focus each item on a single idea so that students
do not have to deal with the possible truth or
falsity of two or more propositions at once.
Compound statements can sometimes be divided
into two separate items.
Express each item in simple and clear language.
6. Advantages of True-False Items
Versatility -- True-false items are adaptable to the
measurement of a wide variety of learning outcomes.
Scoring accuracy and economy -- Scoring keys can be
economically applied by machine or clerical assistants.
Reliability -- True-false tests that are highly reliable can
be constructed.
Amenable to item analysis -- Item difficulty (the
percentage of students who select the correct response)
and item discrimination (a correlation coefficient that
indicates how well the item separates students who
know the material well from those who do not) can be
used to improve true-false items and inform instruction.
7. Disadvantages of
True-False Items
True-false items are especially subject to guessing.
Half the items would be expected to be correct by
chance. (But the likelihood of obtaining a
substantially higher score by guessing alone is very
small).
8. In general, individual true-false items are less
discriminating than individual multiple-choice
items.
There is a tendency to write trivial true-false
items, which lead students to verbatim
memorization.
No diagnostic information is available from
incorrect responses to true-false items.
True-false items are not amenable to questions
that cannot be formulated as propositions.
9. Do’s
Appropriate for all levels of cognitive ability
Objective
Efficient in testing recall and
comprehension of a broader content area
relative to other testing strategies
Well suited to test recall, comprehension of
simple logic or understanding, as with "if-then"
"causal/because" statements
Not appropriate to test the ability to read
or interpret complex sentences or
understand complex thoughts
10. Sufficiently reliable and valid instrument:
Its ability to include the most test items in a time
frame increases its reliability.
True false tests are less reliable than multiple
choice tests unless relatively more test items are
used
Useful for automated scoring
Useful for item analysis, internal and over time
11. Dont’s
1. Unfamiliar vocabulary and concepts
2. Long strings of statements
3. Ambiguous statements and generalizations
that are open to interpretation
4. Indefinite or subjective terms
12. 5. Negative words and phrases: they can be
confusing
6. Relative and qualifying words restrict or
open up general statements.
7. Absolute words restrict possibilities
8. Pay close attention to
negatives, qualifiers, absolutes, and long
strings of statements
13. Rules for Constructing
True or False Test Items
Rule 1: Base true-false items upon statements that are absolutely
true or false, without qualifications or expectations.
Rule 2: Express the item statement as simply and as clearly as
possible.
Rule 3: Express a single idea in each test item.
Rule 4: Include enough background information and qualifications.
Rule 5: Avoid lifting statements from the text, lecture or other
materials.
Rule 6: Avoid double negatives.
Rule 7: Avoid the use of unfamiliar vocabulary.
Rule 8: Avoid the use of specific determinants.