This document compares and contrasts the simple past and present perfect tenses in English. It discusses their uses for time of action, form, common time expressions, focus, uses in narration, and common signal words. The simple past is used for completed actions at a specific past time, while the present perfect emphasizes the connection between past events and the present.

1. Unit 7 Lesson 1

10.  Time of Action:
Simple Past: The simple past tense is used to talk about completed actions that occurred
at a specific time in the past. It focuses on actions that are finished and not connected to the
present.
Present Perfect: The present perfect tense is used to talk about actions or events that
happened at an unspecified time before now. It emphasizes the connection between the past
and the present.
 Form:
Simple Past: The simple past tense is formed by adding "-ed" to regular verbs or using the
irregular form of the verb. For example: "walked," "ate," "went."
Present Perfect: The present perfect tense is formed by using the auxiliary verb "have" or
"has" followed by the past participle of the verb. For example: "have played," "has eaten,"
"have gone."
 Time Expressions:
Simple Past: Time expressions such as "yesterday," "last week," "two days ago," or specific
dates are commonly used with the simple past tense.
Present Perfect: Time expressions such as "already," "yet," "just," "ever," "never," "recently,"
or "so far" are commonly used with the present perfect tense.

11.  Focus:
Simple Past: The simple past tense focuses on actions or events that are completed and
disconnected from the present moment.
Present Perfect: The present perfect tense focuses on the result or impact of past actions on the
present. It suggests that the action or event has relevance to the current situation.
 Narration:
Simple Past: The simple past tense is commonly used in storytelling or when recounting a series
of past events.
Present Perfect: The present perfect tense is not typically used for sequential storytelling but is
used to talk about experiences or accomplishments in someone's life.
 Signal Words:
Simple Past: Signal words commonly used with the simple past tense include "yesterday," "last
night," "two hours ago," and other time expressions that specify a particular time in the past.
Present Perfect: Signal words commonly used with the present perfect tense include "already,"
"yet," "just," "ever," "never," "