This document presents the results of a sieve analysis test performed on soil samples from 4 locations at Comsat University. The test aimed to determine the grain size distribution of the samples. The procedure involved collecting, drying, and sieving the soil through a series of sieves. The mass of soil retained on each sieve was measured and used to construct a gradation curve. Based on the results, the soil was classified as a well-graded sandy loam, which has appropriate properties for gardening.

2. Presentation
Presented to:
Engr. Yousaf Mushtaq Shb
Presented by:
Group 4
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FA20-CVE-048
Soil Mechanics
Grain Size Distribution Curve Attained by Sieve Analysis

3. Topic: Sieve Analysis
Outlines:
1. Introduction
2. Objective
3. Significance
4. Related Theory
5. Standards for Sieve Analysis
6. Procedure
7. Calculations
8. Gradation Curve
9. Nature Of Soil

4. Introduction
 A sieve analysis or gradation test is used to assess the particle
size distribution (also called gradation) of a granular material by
allowing the material to pass through a series of sieves
 Some amount of mass is retained on each Sieve

5. Objectives
 This test is performed to determine the percentage of
different grain sizes contained within a soil.
 The sieve analysis is performed to determine the
distribution of the coarser, larger-sized particles

6. Significance
 The distribution of different grain sizes affects the
engineering properties of soil.
 Grain size analysis provides the grain size distribution,
and it is required in classifying the soil.

7. Related Theory
Nest of Sieves:
 The stack sieves are called a nest of sieves
 With largest on top and finest at the bottom
Number of Sieves:
The number or sizes of sieves used in the nest
depends on the type of soil and the distribution of the
particles sizes. (Generally sieve no: 4, 10, 40, 100,
200 are used for classifying the soil.

8. Related Theory
Particle Size Distribution Curve:
 Information obtained from the grain size analysis is
presented in the form of a curve, on a semi
logarithmic plot.
 Percentage finer is plotted on Ordinate using an
arithmetic scale.
 while the size of soil particles, in millimeters, is
plotted on the abscissa which uses a logarithmic
scale.

9. Related Theory
D10, D30, D60:
D10 = Grain diameter at 10 % passing (also called effective
size).
D30 = Grain diameter at 30 % passing
D60 = Grain diameter at 60 % passing.

10. Related Theory
Coefficient of Uniformity Cu:
 Cu = D60 / D10
Coefficient of Curvature Cc:
 Cc = (D30)² / (D10) (D60)

11.  Standards are set up by USCS(Unified Soil Classification System
)& AASHTO (American Association of State Highway and
Transportation Officials), MIT(Massachusetts Institute of
Technology) and USDA ( U.S Department of Agriculture)
Standards for Sieve Analysis

12. OBJECTIVE:
To obtain the grain size distribution curve for a
given soil sample.
EQUIPMENT:
 Stack of sieves with a cover,
 Mortar and pestle or a mechanical soil pulverized
 Balance, sensitive to 0.1 g
 Mechanical sieve shaker
 Brush

13. 1.Soil Sample:
In this Experiment We collect Soil Sample from 4
different Site of Comsat University .
I. MS Block Ground
II. Love Garden
III.Admin Ground
IV.A Block Front
Procedure

14. 1.Soil Sampling:
1. MS Block Ground
2. Love Garden
3. Admin. Ground
4. A Block Front
Procedure

15. 2. Pulverization of Soil Sample:
The reduction of metal to fine powder by
mechanical means.
Procedure

16. 3. Soil Sample Weight:
Determine the mass of
sample accurately – Weight
(g)
Procedure

17. 4. Sieves:
In this experiment we use 7 different sieves , The
details of Sieves is Following
Sieves Number Sieves Diameter (mm)
4 4.75
10 2
30 0.6
40 0.425
60 0.25
100 0.15
200 0.075
Procedure

18. 5. Shaking Of Soil Sample:
Sieve shakers are used for separation
and size determination of particles. A
typical sieve shaker separates
particles by passing them through a
series of chambers with mesh filters
and agitating the sample in order to
obtain complete separation.
Procedure

19. Procedure
6. Weight of Retained Soil on Each Sieve:
Sieve shakers are used for separation and size
determination of particles. A typical sieve shaker
separates particles by passing them through a series of
chambers with mesh filters and agitating the sample in
order to obtain complete separation.

20. 7. Weight of Retained Soil on Each Sieve:
Sieves Number Soil Retained (gram)
4 220
10 630
30 56
40 27
60 25
100 20
200 9
Pan 40
Procedure

21. Calculations

22. Gradation Curve

23. Nature of Soil
Our Soil Sample is Well Graded Sandy Loam Soil .
Sandy loam is a type of soil used for gardening. This soil type is
normally made up of sand along with varying amounts of silt
and clay.
Sandy loam soils are broken down into four categories, including
coarse sandy loam, fine sandy loam, sandy loam and very fine
sandy loam. The size of the sand particles is measured in
millimeters and their concentration in the soil is used to determine
which category a soil falls under. Sandy loam soils are made of
approximately 60 percent sand, 10 percent clay and 30 percent silt
particles.