1. Sex and Sexuality
Sunita Arora
HLFPPT, New Delhi

2. Let’s Play Taboo
Rules
• Make two teams
• Pick up a card
• Use words to describe the word, but
you are not allowed to use the word
itself

3. Introduction
Welcome to the Sex and Sexuality quick
Module!
The purpose of this module is :
• Understanding sex & sexuality – link to HIV
• Clarifying myths
• Sexual acts & risk involved
• a basic understanding of lesbian, gay,
bisexual, and transgendered (LGBT)
terminology

4. So Let’s Talk About Sex!

5. The property or quality by which organisms
are classified as female or male on the
basis of their reproductive organs and
functions
Functions of Sex:
1. Reproduction
2. Deriving pleasure
3. Expression of love and intimacy and
affection.

6. Being sexual can mean:
• Feeling attractive and good about
your body
• feeling emotionally close to someone
else
• enjoying being touched and hugged
• touching your own body
• feeling attracted to another person
• making up romantic stories in your
head
• having sexy thoughts or feelings

7. What does Sexuality Mean?
Sexuality is complex. Its much more than simply your
sexual feelings or having sexual intercourse.
Sexuality includes:
• your awareness and feelings about your own
body and other people’s bodies;
• your ability and need to be emotionally close to
someone else;
• your understanding of what it means to be
female or male;
• your feelings of sexual attraction to other
people;
• your physical capacity to reproduce.
Sexuality is an important, joyful and natural part
of being a person.

8. Why Should we discuss Sex and
Sexuality?
In India, almost 9 out of 10 people
with HIV were infected through the
sexual route. So, if we want to talk
about HIV / AIDS in the course of our
work, we have to talk about sex. If
we have to talk about sex and
sexuality during the course of our
work, we should be able to talk
about these topics openly and
comfortably.

9. Sexual Organs- Female

10. • Ovaries – are the female organs where the eggs develop.
• Fallopian tube – are the passages through which the mature
egg travels to the uterus.
• Uterus – is where the baby develops during pregnancy. It is
a pear shaped organ located in the pelvic region. When a
woman is not pregnant, its lining is shed every month in a
process called menstruation.
• Cervix – Is the opening to the Uterus.
• Vagina – Is the canal extending from the uterus to the
outside of the body. Externally it is seen as the opening
located between the urethral and anal openings.
• Labia – Consists of outer folds of skin on either side of the
vagina.
• Clitoris – is a small highly sensitive extension located above
the urethral opening where the labia meet. It is the
primary center of sexual sensation for the woman and has
no purpose besides sexual pleasure.

11. Sexual Organ- Male

12. • Testicles – are the round glands in the
scrotum, which produce and store semen.
• Vas – Is the tube through which the sperm
passes to reach the penis
• Penis – Is the primary center of sexual
sensation for the man.
• Anus – Is the opening to the rectum
(digestive tract). The same nerves, which
carry pleasurable sensations from the
penis and clitoris, extend to this area. Via
the anus, the prostrate gland (in men) can
be directly stimulated which can result in
orgasm.

13. Sexual Orientation
• LGBTQ: refers to individuals who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual,
transgendered, or queer
• Homosexual: A person who is emotionally, physically and/or sexually
attracted to a person of the same sex.
• Gay: A common and acceptable term for male homosexuals, but also
used when referring to both men and women.
• Lesbian: A common and acceptable term for female homosexuals.
• Bisexual: A person who is emotionally, physically, and/or sexually
attracted to both men and women.
• Transgender: An umbrella term for individuals who blur the lines of
traditional gender expression. It sometimes refers to crossdressers and
transsexuals. It also reflects recent scholarship which suggests gender
to be socially constructed. Transgendered individuals recognize the
social construction of their genders and thus do not fit neatly within
societally-prescribed gender roles determined by biological sex.Also
referred to as Hijra in India

14. Sexual Orientation
What are the different types of Sexual
Orientations?
• Heterosexual – Sexually attracted to
people of the opposite sex .
• Homosexual – Sexually attracted to
people of one’s own sex.
• Bisexual – Sexually attracted to both
men and women.

15. Different Types of sexual contact
• Vaginal Sex – Insertion of the penis (or any other object)
into the vagina.
• Risk- This can be a “High risk” practice because the HIV
infected semen can pass through the mucous membrane
lining the vagina and enter the white blood cells of the
woman. Conversely, if the woman is infected, The HIV in
her vaginal secretions can enter the man via the mucous
membrane of the head of the penis and access his white
blood cells.
• Anal Sex -is insertion of the penis into the rectum of a
woman or a man.
• Risk- This is risky in terms of HIV transmission for the
recipient, because the lining of the rectum is thin and can
tear exposing white blood cells directly to the semen. Even
without tearing HIV can pass through the mucous
membrane lining the rectum.
• Oral sex -is stimulation of the genitals with the mouth.
• Risk- HIV transmission is possible because of the chance of
coming in contact with the vaginal fluid or semen.

16. Terminology
• Homophobia: The irrational fear of homosexuals, homosexuality or any
behavior, belief or attitude of self or others which does not conform to
rigid sex and gender-role stereotypes. The extreme behavior of
homophobia is violence against gay, lesbian, bisexual or transgender
persons.
• Heterosexism: Evidenced by the assumption that everyone is
heterosexual. The systematic oppression of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and
transgender persons that is directly linked to sexism.
• Transgender: An individual who has both types of genital organs. In
India such persons are referred to as Hijra.

17. Fact or Fiction?

18. Congratulations
You have completed the training!