2. • SO GOD CREATED MAN IN HIS OWN IMAGE.
IN THE IMAGE OF GOD HE CREATED THEM.
MALE AND FEMALE HE CREATED THEM.
• GOD BLESSED THEM AND SAID TO THEM,
“BE FRUITFUL AND INCREASE IN NUMBER;
-Genesis
3. Cont….
• Where does sex live? And where does
sexuality reside?
“In our minds, bodies… in our cultures,
attitudes, laws, in our pants, our wallets, in
our politics, identities, in our very beings.
Wherever we go sex and sexuality follow”.
They are there, everywhere, obvious by their
presence and conspicuous by their absence.
4. Meaning and Definitions
• SEX – Sex is the term most commonly used to
identify biologic male or female status.
• The more appropriate and descriptive term,
however is “Gender”
• The term ‘sex’ is also used to describe sexual
behaviour in general such as “ when is the last
time you had sex?”
5. Sexuality
• The term “human sexuality” concerns the
ways in which we experience and express
ourselves as sexual beings.
• ‘Sexuality’ includes how you feel about your
body, interest in sexual activity, your need for
touch, the ability to communicate your sexual
needs to a partner and the ability to engage in
satisfying sexual activity.
6. Sexual Health
• Definition: The world health organization
defined ‘sexual health’ in 1975 as “ the
integration of the somatic, emotional,
intellectual and social aspects of sexual being,
in ways that are positively enriching and that
enhance personality, communication and
love”.
7. SEXUAL WELL BEING
• “sexual well being” is defined as capacity to enjoy
and control sexual behavior in accordance with a
social and personal ethic.
• - Freedom from fear, shame, guilt, false beliefs
and other psychological factors inhibiting sexual
response and impairing sexual relationship
• - Freedom from organic disorder, disease and
deficiencies that interfere with sexual and
reproductive functions.
8. COMPONENTS OF SEXUAL HEALTH
1. SEXUAL SELF CONCEPT
2. BODY IMAGE
3. GENDER IDENTITY
4. SEXUAL ORIENTATION
9. SEXUAL SELF CONCEPT
• One’s self concept (how one values oneself as
a sexual being).
• A positive sexual self-concept enables people
to form intimate relationships throughout life.
10. BODY IMAGE
• Body image, a central part of the sense of self,
is constantly changing
• People who feel good about their bodies are
likely to be comfortable with and enjoy sexual
activity.
11. Gender Identity
• Gender identity is one’s self image as a female
or male.
-Cross dressers
-intersexed
-Preoperative transsexuals- hormonal treatment
and gender reassignment surgery.
12. SEXUAL ORIENTATION
• One’s attraction to people of the same sex,
other sex or both sexes is referred to as sexual
orientation.
-Heterosexuals
-Homosexuals
-bisexuals
13. CHARACTERISTICS OF BEING SEXUALLY
HEALTHY
• Behavior consistent with gender identity
• Being knowledgeable about sexual
phenomenon
• Physical and emotional ability to engage in a
sexual relationship
• Willingness to make adjustment in sexual
functioning
• Ability to communicate about sexual issues
14. FACTORS AFFECTING SEXUALITY
• Developmental factors
1. Intrauterine
2. Infancy
3. Toddler
4. Preschooler
5. School age
6. Adolescence
7. Young adulthood
8. Middle adulthood
9. Late adulthood
15. Cont…
1. Relationship
2. Cognition and
perception
3. Environment
4. Culture, values, Beliefs
5. Life style
1. Ethics
2. Self concept
3. Previous experiences
4. Pregnancy
5. infertility
6. Health status
18. Cont…
• Masters and Johnson found that the
physiological responses of men and women to
sexual stimulation are quite like. Both
experience vasocongestion and myotonia in
the response cycle.
19. Sexual cycle has four phases
1. Excitement
2. Plateau
3. Orgasm
4. Resolution
21. Excitement phase
• Also called as arousal phase, the initial phase,
occurs as a result of any erotic physical or
mental stimulators such as kissing, petting.
• sexual excitement is characterized by erection
in the male and vaginal lubrication in the
female.
22. Plateau Phase
• The Plateau phase is advanced state of
arousal that precedes orgasm where clitoris
retracts in females and secretions from
Cowper’s gland appear at glans of penis in
males
• Increases in circulation and heart rate
• Muscle tension increases further
23. Orgasmic Phase
• The conclusion of Plateau phase in a release of
sexual tension. Both males and females
experience quick cycles of euphoric sensation.
26. Resolution
• Return to normal body functioning present
before the excitement phase.
• Feelings of relaxation, fatigue and fulfillment
• Also known as the “refractory period”
27. Cont….
• “Couples who have good sex over the years learn to
play at it rather than work at it. They have fun with
it.”
28. Sexual expression
• The methods by which people gain
satisfaction through stimulation is “sexual
expression”
It can be classified into
• Normal forms of sexual expression
• altered forms of sexual expression
29. Normal forms of sexual expression
• Sexual intercourse
- Vaginal intercourse
- Anal intercourse
- orogenital stimulation
-cunnilingus
-fellatio
• Masturbation
• Celibacy
30. Alternate forms of sexual expression
• Voyerism
• Sadism
• Masochism
• sadomasochism
32. SEXUAL DYSFUNCTIONS
• MALE
1.Erectile dysfunction or
impotence
2. Rapid ejaculation
3. Retarded ejaculation
• FEMALE
1. -Hypoactive sexual
desire disorder
2. -Sexual arousal
disorder
3. -Orgasmic disorder
4. -Sexual pain
disorders
5. Dyspareunia
6. Vaginismus
33. Male sexual dysfunctions
• Sexual Erectile dysfunctions(Impotence)
The inability to achieve or maintain an erection
sufficient for oneself or one’s partner.
- physiologic factors: spinal cord injuries, injury to
the genitals, diabetes mellitus, multiple sclerosis
and prolonged use of drugs, alcoholism,
antipsychotics
- Psychological factors- doubts, fear & anxiety,
anger or stress
34. Cont….
• Rapid Ejaculation(premature ejaculation)
It is a condition in which a man consistently
reaches ejaculation or orgasm before or soon
after entering the vagina.
35. Cont….
• Retarded ejaculation:
It is also called as ejaculatory incompetence,
refers to a man’s inability to ejaculate into the
vagina, or delayed intravaginal ejaculation.
36. Female sexual dysfunction
• Hypoactive sexual disorder:
- It involves a persistent or recurring absence of
sexual thoughts or disinterest in sexual
activity.
- e.g. - during pregnancy, postpartum hormonal
changes, menopause
37. Cont…..
• Sexual arousal disorder: when a woman is
unable to attain or maintain adequate vaginal
lubrications and/or has decreased clitoral and
labial sensations.
- factors include a decreased vaginal or clitoral
blood flow, damage to the genital nerves, or a
clinical depression.
38. Cont….
• Orgasmic disorder:
• Defined as a difficulty or inability to achieve
orgasm in spite of stimulation and arousal.
- If it has always been a problem for a woman,
it is referred
39. Cont….
• Sexual pain disorders:
-Dyspareunia : pain experienced by a woman
during intercourse because of inadequate
lubrication, scarring, vaginal infection or
hormonal imbalance.
- Vaginismus : Involuntary muscle spasms of
the lower third of the vagina make insertion of
the penis very painful
40. Sexual Harassment
• Harassment is or any annoying or distressing
comment or conduct that is known or should
be known to unwelcome.
- eg., Sexual jokes
- Unwelcome sexually oriented and
gender based behaviors
- Offensive pictures(Pornography) and
language
41. Issues
• Rape, sexual abuse and Prostitution
• Sexual abuse- statistics
• Statistics of prevalence of sexual abuse in
India
• The first ever National Study on Child Abuse
in April 2007, covering 13 states in India and a
sample size of 12,446 children was released by
Minister for Women and Child Development
showing these stark reality figures:
42. Cont….
• • More than 53% children report facing one or
more forms of sexual abuse
• Almost 22% faced severe sexual abuse, 6%
sexually assaulted
• 50% of sexual offenders were known to the
victim or were in positions of trust (family
member, close relative, friend or neighbour).
43. Cont…
• 5-12 years group faced higher levels of abuse,
largely unreported
• Boys were equally at risk as girls.
• Severest sexual abuse in age group of 11-16
years.
• 73% of sexual abuse victims were in age
groups of 11-18years.
44. BASIC SKILLS NEEDED BY NURSE
• Self-knowledge and comfort with their own
sexuality
• Acceptance of sexuality as an important area of
nursing intervention.
• Knowledge of sexual growth and development
through out life cycle.
• Knowledge of basic sexuality
• Therapeutic communication skills
• Ability to recognize and intervene in the needs of
client and family with their sexual problems
45. PLISSIT MODEL FOR COUNSELLING
1. P – Permission giving
2. L I – Limited Information
3. SS – Specific suggestion
4. I – Intense Therapy
46. Nursing Diagnoses
1. Sexual dysfunction, erectile failure related to
antihypertensive medications
2. Sexual dysfunction, dyspareunia related to
effects of menopausal process
3. Altered sexual pattern; loss of desire related
to change in body image
4. Altered sexual patterns, change is sexual
expression related to loss of privacy due to
hospitalization
47. Golden rules in good sex
• One is “ don’t do anything you don’t really
enjoy”
• The other one is “ Find out your partner’s
needs and don’t balk them if you can help it”
48. Cont….
• “For some sex still remains a non-issue, for
some others it is paramount to their very
existence. For some it’s beautiful, dazzling,
brilliant… for others it’s depraved, decadent,
immoral, and for many it’s all that falls in
between dazzle and decadence.”
49. The Greatest Gift
• The greatest gift one human being can give to
another is love. It is not trust. Neither is it
compassion or forgiveness. “It is respect”. The
rest comes later. Without the of respect, none
of the others would last.
“NEVER UNDERESTIMATE THE VALUE OF A
SINGLE SOUL”
