Sexual harassment refers to unwanted sexual advances, remarks, or acts that create an offensive or hostile work environment. It can take many forms, including visual, verbal, physical, or gestures. There are two main types: quid pro quo harassment, where sexual favors are demanded in exchange for job benefits, and hostile work environment harassment, where unwelcome sexual conduct interferes with work performance or creates an intimidating environment. Sexual harassment has negative effects and can be committed by those in positions of power over victims.

2. SEXUAL HARASSMENT

3. Sexual Harassment The making of unwanted and offensive sexual advances or of sexually offensive remarks or acts, especially by one in a superior or supervisory position or when acquiescence to such behavior is a condition of continued employment, promotion, or satisfactory evaluation.

4. Major Characteristics of Sexual harassment The behavior is unwanted or unwelcome The behavior is sexual or related to the sex or the gender of the person The behavior occurs in context of a relationship where one person has more formal power than the other or more informal power

5. Sexual harassment can be visual, verbal, physical and gesture

6. forms of sexual harassment

7. Quid pro quo sexual harassment “ this for that ” happens when the harasser demands sexual favors as a condition for hiring or promotion, or academic environment, as a condition for passing the exam or the subject.

8. Hostile work environment Refers to any work place conduct that is sufficiently severe or per- vasive to alter the conditions of the victim`s employment and create an abusive or offensive working environment. It also refers to continued, unwelcome of a sexual nature in the work place that may interfere with an employees work performance, or create an intimidating or abusive environment.

9. types of sexual harassment

10. Gender Harassment Generalized sexist statements and behavior that convey insulting remarks, offensive graffiti, obscene jokes or humor about sex or women in general Examples: Calling a woman Name such as “HOT STUFF”,cutie pie, bitch,whore,or slut Shouting obscenities at women as they –pass a fraternity house or other place where men gather Loudly discussing a woman`s sexual attributes and rating her attractiveness a practice called scooping

11. gross sexual imposition such as forceful touching, feeling, grabbing, or sexual assault. Examples: Touching a person,including patting, pinching, stroking, squeezing, hugging or brushing against his/her body, touching or grabbing a person`s breasts, crotch, or buttocks. Giving a neck or shoulder massage Sexual Impositions

12. Seductive Behavior unwanted, inappropriate and offensive sexual advances. Examples : repeated unwanted sexual invitations, insistent requests for dinner, drinks, dates, persistent letters, phone calls and other invitations.

13. solicitation of sexual activity or other sex-linked behavior by promise of reward; the proposition may be either overt or subtle. Sexual Bribery

14. Sexual Coercion coercion of sexual activity or other sex-linked behavior by threat of punishment Examples: negative performance evaluations, withholding of promotions, threat or termination.

15. Sending sexual mall, notes,e-mail,or making sexually explicit phone calls Sending,giving,showing or displaying sexual materials pornography, sexual pictures,cartoons and calendars Laughing at or not taking seriously someone who experiences sexual harassment Blaming the victim of sexual harassment for having caused it Specific Forms

16. Types of harasser

17. The Power-player In this case harassment is a power game, where the perpetrator insists on sexual favors in exchange for benefits they can dispense because of their position in the hierarchy: getting or keeping a job, favorable grades, recommendations, credentials, projects, raises, promotions, orders, and other types of opportunities. Called "Quid Pro Quo" harassment, it’s the “you do something for me, and I’ll do something for you” mentality, and is very much like blackmail. This form of harassment is an extraordinary abuse of power and trust, and can have serious effects on the victim.

18. The Mother-father Figure (a.k.a. The Counselor-Helper) Probably the most calculated of all sexual harassers, the Mother-father Figure will try to create a mentor-like relationship with their sexual harassment target, while masking their sexual intentions with pretenses towards personal, professional, or academic attention. The Mother-father Figure can be particularly drawn to subordinates or students who are troubled, or going through difficult periods in their lives. These are forms of grooming , and in doing this, they can increase their stature with their target and earn their trust.*. With teacher-to-student harassment, the Mother-father Figure will often use techniques of the Intellectual Seducer, and they will try to learn about their target's knowledge and experiences with sex. Moreover, they will usually rationalize their predatory intentions by maintaining that it is a teacher's duty to "guide the student to maturity," even in terms of their sexuality and sexual experience. * Grooming is a classic tactic of sexual predators as a way of befriending and earning the trust of a target they are trying to exploit sexually.

19. One-of-the-gang Often motivated by bravado or competition, "one-of-the-gang" harassment occurs when groups of men or women embarrass others with lewd comments or physical evaluations. Harassers may act individually in order to "belong" or "impress" the others, or groups may gang up on a particular target. Groups may sexually evaluate or derogate the victim--to their face or behind their back--as a way to "bond." One-of-the-gang is a very common form of harassment amongst children and teenagers.

20. The Serial Harasser The most difficult type of harasser to identify, this person is compulsive and often has serious psychological problems. They carefully build up an image so that people would find it hard to believe they would do anyone any harm. They plan their approach carefully, and strike in private so that it is their word against that of a subordinate or student. They can do a lot of damage before being found out. Their behavior is often a "call for help" rather than a deliberate plan to harass someone or do them harm. In this case, counseling is probably the best protocol for treating the problem.

21. The Opportunist The Opportunist uses physical settings and circumstances, or infrequently occurring opportunities, to mask premeditated or intentional sexual behavior towards a target. This may involve changing the environment in order to minimize inhibitory effects of the workplace or school example: private meetings, one-on-one "instruction," field trips, conferences

22. The Bully In this case, sexual harassment is used to punish the victim for some transgression, such as rejection of the harassers interest or advances, or making the harasser feel insecure in their own abilities. The Bully will also target people for sexual harassment because of perceived weakness, or for seeming to be different. Example : homosexuals are often targeted for sexual harassment because of their orientation and lifestyle choices, as are men who do not embody traditional masculine stereotypes.

23. The Confidante This type of harasser approaches the subordinate, or student, as an equal or a friend. They will share about their own life experiences and difficulties, and invite the subordinate to share theirs. The perpetrator may invent stories to win admiration or sympathy. Their target may feel valued and trusted, and will become an involuntary confidante. “Without genuine mutual agreement, the relationship is moved into an intimate domain,” from which the subordinate may find it difficult to extricate themselves.

24. The Situational Harasser The type of harassment usually occurs when the perpetrator endures a traumatic event, or begins to experience very stressful life situations, such as psychological or medical problems, marital problems, or divorce. If the situation changes, or the pressures are removed, the harassment often stops - but by then both victim and harasser have been harmed.

25. The Pest This is the stereotypical "won't take 'no' for an answer" harasser who persists in hounding a target for attention and dates even after persistent rejections. In most cases, this harasser has no malicious intent and is simply operating on the principles that they will eventually be able to wear their target down, and eventually get a "yes."

26. The Groper The Groper is usually serial in his/her attentions to colleagues, subordinates, or students. Whenever the opportunity presents itself - in the elevator, when working late, at the office or department party - the Groper's eyes and hands begin to wander. Every birthday, farewell or special occasion is also an opportunity to insist on (usually begrudged) kisses or hugs. The Groper may try to mask inappropriate touching while ostensibly providing instruction (e.g. "guiding" the target through a movement exercise). A particularly aggressive Groper may go so far as to act in public; but if not stopped, he/she is likely to try to go further in private. If confronted, they will insist that the recipient likes and enjoys these attentions; or even that the single and divorced people "need it".

27. The Great Gallant This mostly verbal harassment involves excessive compliments and personal comments that are out of place or embarrassing to the recipient. While most men and women appreciate recognition and genuine compliments, these comments focus on the appearance and the sex of a worker or student, rather than their abilities or accomplishments. Such comments are sometimes accompanied by leering looks or an attitude of "possessive pride." Although the complimenter may see himself/herself as gallant or gracious, the recipient usually experiences this as patronizing or annoying, or both. The catcalls of a street harasser is another type of "Great Gallant" harassment.

28. The Intellectual Seducer Most often found in a university or classroom setting, this perpetrator will try to use their knowledge and skills as an avenue to gaining access to a student, or information about a student, for sexual purposes. A number of disciplines, such as psychology, women’s studies, sociology, and philosophy, encourage students to disclose information about themselves. The teacher may require students participate in exercises or "studies" that reveal information about their sexual preferences, experiences, and habits. Teachers can also use class content to encourage a particular student to seek them out.

29. The Incompetent These are socially inept individuals who desire intimacy and the attentions of their target, who does not reciprocate these feelings. The Incompetent often lacks sufficient courting skills, and cannot engage in "subdued, preliminary interpersonal relations." At the same time, they may also display a sense of entitlement: believing their target should feel flattered by their attentions. When rejected, this type of harasser may engage in stalking, or use bullying methods as a form of revenge.

30. RA RA 7877

31. RA 7877: Anti-Sexual Harassment Act Republic Act No. 7877, otherwise known as the Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995, is enacted primarily to protect and respect the dignity of workers, employees, and applicants for employment as well as students in educational institutions or training centers. This law, consisting of ten (10) sections, provides for a clear definition of work, education or training-related sexual harassment and specifies the acts constituting sexual harassment. It likewise provides for the duties and liabilities of the employer in cases of sexual harassment, and sets penalties for violations of its provisions. It is to be noted that a victim of sexual harassment is not barred from filing a separate and independent action for damages and other relief aside from filing the charge for sexual harassment.

32. Sec 3. B In school, sexual harassment is committed Against one who is under the care,custody or the supervision of the offender Against one whose education,training, apprenticeship or tutorship is entrusted to the offender When the sexual favor is made a condition for passing When the sexual advances result in an intimidating ,hostile or offensive environment for the student trainee or apprentice.

33. Thank you for listening….