The document outlines 7 types of original input that can be used in research or academic writing: 1) Using an idea for the first time in a specific language, 2) Using an idea for the first time in a specific place or community, 3) Using an idea for the first time to meet a specific need or solve a problem, 4) Using an idea for the first time for a particular purpose or context, 5) Using an idea for the first time together with another idea, 6) Modifying an idea to achieve the same result, and 7) Modifying an idea to achieve a different result. The document provides guidance on identifying original contributions by specifying how the idea is being used for the first time.

1. SEVEN TYPES OF
Original
Input
AND HOW TO IDENTIFY YOR
ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS
Image courtesy of (en.wikipedia.org)

2. BEFORE YOU BEGIN
•
•
Research or academic writing can
be a combination of ideas from
other sources and original ideas.
You can use and combine ideas
from other sources.

3. BEFORE YOU BEGIN
• Original input is your idea or
contribution that is not copied
from other sources.
• However, your ideas may not
be original.

4. An original idea is...
An idea that comes from your
own experience,
observation, or feelings

5. An original idea is...
An idea that cannot be found
in any source: book,
website, etc.

6. An original idea is...
An idea that has never been
done before

7. WHAT’S NOT ORIGINAL?
•
•
An idea may come from your
own experience, observation, or
feelings.
However, if that idea can be
found in any source: book,
website, etc., then it is not
original.

8. WHAT’S NOT ORIGINAL?
• If that idea has been done
before, then it’s not original.
• It’s your responsibility to
avoid plagiarism: check if your
idea is original or not.

9. REMEMBER....
• An original idea can be your
own ideas only.
• An original idea can be your
own ideas combined with
other ideas.

10. Other Ways
• There are at least seven other
ways to come up with original
input.
• That’s the topic of this
presentation.

11. SEVEN TYPES OF
Original
Input
AND HOW TO IDENTIFY YOR
ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS
Image courtesy of (en.wikipedia.org)

12. 7 Types of Original Input
1. An idea is used for the first time in a specific language or
combination of languages.
2. An idea is used for the first time in a specific place,
community, or for a specific target group.
3. An idea is used for the first time to meet a specific need
or solve a specific problem.
4. An idea is used for the first time for a particular purpose
or in a particular context.
5. An idea (or a part of an idea) is used for the first time
together with another idea (or a part of another idea).
6. An idea or part of an idea is modified or changed to
achieve the same result.
7. An idea or part of an idea is modified or changed to
achieve a different result.

13. Type 1
An idea is used for the first
time in a specific language or
combination of languages.

14. Identify your original input
“Although X has been used
before in English (Author,
YEAR), French (Author, YEAR)
and in Spanish (Author, YEAR),
in this proposal, it [will be / is]
used for the first time in the
Swahili language to....”

15. Type 2
An idea is used for the first time
in a specific place, community,
or for a specific target group.

16. Identify your original input
“Although X has been used
before in England (Author,
YEAR), France (Author, YEAR)
and Spain (Author, YEAR), in
this proposal, this concept
[will be / is] used for the first
time in West Africa to....”

17. Type 3
An idea is used for the first time
to meet a specific need or
solve a specific problem.

18. Identify your original input
“Although X has been used
before to correct writing
errors (Author, YEAR), in this
proposal, this idea [will be / is]
used for the first time to....”

19. Type 4
An idea is used for the first time
for a particular purpose or in a
particular context.

20. Identify your original input
“Although X has been used before
to reduce malaria in refugee
camps (Author, YEAR), in this
proposal, this idea [will be / is]
used for the first time to reduce
malaria in an international
boarding school.”

21. Type 5
An idea (or a part of an idea) is
used for the first time
together with another idea (or
a part of another idea).

22. Identify your original input
“X has been used before to
increase typing speed (Author,
YEAR). However this paper
proposes that the concept [will
be / is] used for the first time in
combination with Buddhist
dietary practices.”

23. Type 6
An idea or part of an idea is
modified or changed to
achieve the same result.

24. Identify your original input
“X has been used before to
fertilize sandy soil (Author,
YEAR); however, in this paper,
it [will be / is] used for the first
time without its Y element.”

25. Type 7
An idea or part of an idea is
modified or changed to
achieve a different result.

26. Identify your original input
“Although X has been used
before to control emotional
pollution (Author, YEAR), this
proposal is to use X for the
first time, without its Y
element, to increase water
pressure.”

27. The key phrase is
“... for the first time...”
But make sure that this is correct
before you use it in your
proposal. Check, research, find
out if it really is the first time.

29. 7 Types of Original Input
1. An idea is used for the first time in a specific language or
combination of languages.
2. An idea is used for the first time in a specific place,
community, or for a specific target group.
3. An idea is used for the first time to meet a specific need
or solve a specific problem.
4. An idea is used for the first time for a particular purpose
or in a particular context.
5. An idea (or a part of an idea) is used for the first time
together with another idea (or a part of another idea).
6. An idea or part of an idea is modified or changed to
achieve the same result.
7. An idea or part of an idea is modified or changed to
achieve a different result.

30. END OF PRESENTATION
Send comments or suggestions to mr.jaime.aiu@gmail.com
THANK YOU

31. SEVEN TYPES OF
Original
Input
AND HOW TO IDENTIFY YOR
ORIGINAL CONTRIBUTIONS
Image courtesy of (en.wikipedia.org)